Lua 5.3.2

70 files changed, 8186 insertions, 4805 deletions

diff --git a/bin/lua.c b/bin/lua.c
index ec5c936..aff1a63 100644
--- a/bin/lua.c
+++ b/bin/lua.c
@@ -1,9 +1,9 @@
 /* setup for luaconf.h */
 #define LUA_CORE
 #define LUA_LIB
-#define ltable_c
 #define lvm_c
-#include <luaconf.h>
+#include "luaconf.h"
+#include "lprefix.h"
 
 /* do not export internal symbols */
 #undef LUAI_FUNC
@@ -13,7 +13,7 @@
 #define LUAI_DDEC	static
 #define LUAI_DDEF	static
 
-/* core */
+/* core -- used by all */
 #include "../lua/lapi.c"
 #include "../lua/lcode.c"
 #include "../lua/lctype.c"
@@ -35,12 +35,14 @@
 #include "../lua/lvm.c"
 #include "../lua/lzio.c"
 
-/* auxiliary library */
+/* auxiliary library -- used by all */
 #include "../lua/lauxlib.c"
 
-/* standard library */
+/* standard library  -- not used by luac */
 #include "../lua/lbaselib.c"
+#if defined(LUA_COMPAT_BITLIB)
 #include "../lua/lbitlib.c"
+#endif
 #include "../lua/lcorolib.c"
 #include "../lua/ldblib.c"
 #include "../lua/liolib.c"
@@ -49,4 +51,5 @@
 #include "../lua/loslib.c"
 #include "../lua/lstrlib.c"
 #include "../lua/ltablib.c"
+#include "../lua/lutf8lib.c"
 #include "../lua/linit.c"
diff --git a/configure b/configure
index 7450246..162ee6b 100755
--- a/configure
+++ b/configure
@@ -2141,7 +2141,7 @@ ac_link='$CC -o conftest$ac_exeext $CFLAGS $CPPFLAGS $LDFLAGS conftest.$ac_ext $
 ac_compiler_gnu=$ac_cv_c_compiler_gnu
 
 
-builtin_lua_version='5.2'
+builtin_lua_version='5.3'
 
 ac_ext=c
 ac_cpp='$CPP $CPPFLAGS'
@@ -3773,12 +3773,12 @@ if test -n "$Lua_CFLAGS"; then
     pkg_cv_Lua_CFLAGS="$Lua_CFLAGS"
  elif test -n "$PKG_CONFIG"; then
     if test -n "$PKG_CONFIG" && \
-    { { $as_echo "$as_me:${as_lineno-$LINENO}: \$PKG_CONFIG --exists --print-errors \"lua5.2\""; } >&5
-  ($PKG_CONFIG --exists --print-errors "lua5.2") 2>&5
+    { { $as_echo "$as_me:${as_lineno-$LINENO}: \$PKG_CONFIG --exists --print-errors \"lua5.3\""; } >&5
+  ($PKG_CONFIG --exists --print-errors "lua5.3") 2>&5
   ac_status=$?
   $as_echo "$as_me:${as_lineno-$LINENO}: \$? = $ac_status" >&5
   test $ac_status = 0; }; then
-  pkg_cv_Lua_CFLAGS=`$PKG_CONFIG --cflags "lua5.2" 2>/dev/null`
+  pkg_cv_Lua_CFLAGS=`$PKG_CONFIG --cflags "lua5.3" 2>/dev/null`
 		      test "x$?" != "x0" && pkg_failed=yes
 else
   pkg_failed=yes
@@ -3790,12 +3790,12 @@ if test -n "$Lua_LIBS"; then
     pkg_cv_Lua_LIBS="$Lua_LIBS"
  elif test -n "$PKG_CONFIG"; then
     if test -n "$PKG_CONFIG" && \
-    { { $as_echo "$as_me:${as_lineno-$LINENO}: \$PKG_CONFIG --exists --print-errors \"lua5.2\""; } >&5
-  ($PKG_CONFIG --exists --print-errors "lua5.2") 2>&5
+    { { $as_echo "$as_me:${as_lineno-$LINENO}: \$PKG_CONFIG --exists --print-errors \"lua5.3\""; } >&5
+  ($PKG_CONFIG --exists --print-errors "lua5.3") 2>&5
   ac_status=$?
   $as_echo "$as_me:${as_lineno-$LINENO}: \$? = $ac_status" >&5
   test $ac_status = 0; }; then
-  pkg_cv_Lua_LIBS=`$PKG_CONFIG --libs "lua5.2" 2>/dev/null`
+  pkg_cv_Lua_LIBS=`$PKG_CONFIG --libs "lua5.3" 2>/dev/null`
 		      test "x$?" != "x0" && pkg_failed=yes
 else
   pkg_failed=yes
@@ -3816,9 +3816,9 @@ else
         _pkg_short_errors_supported=no
 fi
         if test $_pkg_short_errors_supported = yes; then
-	        Lua_PKG_ERRORS=`$PKG_CONFIG --short-errors --print-errors --cflags --libs "lua5.2" 2>&1`
+	        Lua_PKG_ERRORS=`$PKG_CONFIG --short-errors --print-errors --cflags --libs "lua5.3" 2>&1`
         else
-	        Lua_PKG_ERRORS=`$PKG_CONFIG --print-errors --cflags --libs "lua5.2" 2>&1`
+	        Lua_PKG_ERRORS=`$PKG_CONFIG --print-errors --cflags --libs "lua5.3" 2>&1`
         fi
 	# Put the nasty error message in config.log where it belongs
 	echo "$Lua_PKG_ERRORS" >&5
@@ -3832,12 +3832,12 @@ if test -n "$Lua_CFLAGS"; then
     pkg_cv_Lua_CFLAGS="$Lua_CFLAGS"
  elif test -n "$PKG_CONFIG"; then
     if test -n "$PKG_CONFIG" && \
-    { { $as_echo "$as_me:${as_lineno-$LINENO}: \$PKG_CONFIG --exists --print-errors \"lua52\""; } >&5
-  ($PKG_CONFIG --exists --print-errors "lua52") 2>&5
+    { { $as_echo "$as_me:${as_lineno-$LINENO}: \$PKG_CONFIG --exists --print-errors \"lua53\""; } >&5
+  ($PKG_CONFIG --exists --print-errors "lua53") 2>&5
   ac_status=$?
   $as_echo "$as_me:${as_lineno-$LINENO}: \$? = $ac_status" >&5
   test $ac_status = 0; }; then
-  pkg_cv_Lua_CFLAGS=`$PKG_CONFIG --cflags "lua52" 2>/dev/null`
+  pkg_cv_Lua_CFLAGS=`$PKG_CONFIG --cflags "lua53" 2>/dev/null`
 		      test "x$?" != "x0" && pkg_failed=yes
 else
   pkg_failed=yes
@@ -3849,12 +3849,12 @@ if test -n "$Lua_LIBS"; then
     pkg_cv_Lua_LIBS="$Lua_LIBS"
  elif test -n "$PKG_CONFIG"; then
     if test -n "$PKG_CONFIG" && \
-    { { $as_echo "$as_me:${as_lineno-$LINENO}: \$PKG_CONFIG --exists --print-errors \"lua52\""; } >&5
-  ($PKG_CONFIG --exists --print-errors "lua52") 2>&5
+    { { $as_echo "$as_me:${as_lineno-$LINENO}: \$PKG_CONFIG --exists --print-errors \"lua53\""; } >&5
+  ($PKG_CONFIG --exists --print-errors "lua53") 2>&5
   ac_status=$?
   $as_echo "$as_me:${as_lineno-$LINENO}: \$? = $ac_status" >&5
   test $ac_status = 0; }; then
-  pkg_cv_Lua_LIBS=`$PKG_CONFIG --libs "lua52" 2>/dev/null`
+  pkg_cv_Lua_LIBS=`$PKG_CONFIG --libs "lua53" 2>/dev/null`
 		      test "x$?" != "x0" && pkg_failed=yes
 else
   pkg_failed=yes
@@ -3875,9 +3875,9 @@ else
         _pkg_short_errors_supported=no
 fi
         if test $_pkg_short_errors_supported = yes; then
-	        Lua_PKG_ERRORS=`$PKG_CONFIG --short-errors --print-errors --cflags --libs "lua52" 2>&1`
+	        Lua_PKG_ERRORS=`$PKG_CONFIG --short-errors --print-errors --cflags --libs "lua53" 2>&1`
         else
-	        Lua_PKG_ERRORS=`$PKG_CONFIG --print-errors --cflags --libs "lua52" 2>&1`
+	        Lua_PKG_ERRORS=`$PKG_CONFIG --print-errors --cflags --libs "lua53" 2>&1`
         fi
 	# Put the nasty error message in config.log where it belongs
 	echo "$Lua_PKG_ERRORS" >&5
@@ -3951,7 +3951,7 @@ else
 	Lua_LIBS=$pkg_cv_Lua_LIBS
         { $as_echo "$as_me:${as_lineno-$LINENO}: result: yes" >&5
 $as_echo "yes" >&6; }
-	if test "x$($PKG_CONFIG --variable=V lua)" = 'x5.2'; then :
+	if test "x$($PKG_CONFIG --variable=V lua)" = 'x5.3'; then :
   with_lua=lua
 else
   with_lua=builtin
@@ -4029,7 +4029,7 @@ else
 	Lua_LIBS=$pkg_cv_Lua_LIBS
         { $as_echo "$as_me:${as_lineno-$LINENO}: result: yes" >&5
 $as_echo "yes" >&6; }
-	if test "x$($PKG_CONFIG --variable=V lua)" = 'x5.2'; then :
+	if test "x$($PKG_CONFIG --variable=V lua)" = 'x5.3'; then :
   with_lua=lua
 else
   with_lua=builtin
@@ -4040,7 +4040,7 @@ else
 	Lua_LIBS=$pkg_cv_Lua_LIBS
         { $as_echo "$as_me:${as_lineno-$LINENO}: result: yes" >&5
 $as_echo "yes" >&6; }
-	with_lua=lua52
+	with_lua=lua53
 fi
 elif test $pkg_failed = untried; then
      	{ $as_echo "$as_me:${as_lineno-$LINENO}: result: no" >&5
@@ -4054,12 +4054,12 @@ if test -n "$Lua_CFLAGS"; then
     pkg_cv_Lua_CFLAGS="$Lua_CFLAGS"
  elif test -n "$PKG_CONFIG"; then
     if test -n "$PKG_CONFIG" && \
-    { { $as_echo "$as_me:${as_lineno-$LINENO}: \$PKG_CONFIG --exists --print-errors \"lua52\""; } >&5
-  ($PKG_CONFIG --exists --print-errors "lua52") 2>&5
+    { { $as_echo "$as_me:${as_lineno-$LINENO}: \$PKG_CONFIG --exists --print-errors \"lua53\""; } >&5
+  ($PKG_CONFIG --exists --print-errors "lua53") 2>&5
   ac_status=$?
   $as_echo "$as_me:${as_lineno-$LINENO}: \$? = $ac_status" >&5
   test $ac_status = 0; }; then
-  pkg_cv_Lua_CFLAGS=`$PKG_CONFIG --cflags "lua52" 2>/dev/null`
+  pkg_cv_Lua_CFLAGS=`$PKG_CONFIG --cflags "lua53" 2>/dev/null`
 		      test "x$?" != "x0" && pkg_failed=yes
 else
   pkg_failed=yes
@@ -4071,12 +4071,12 @@ if test -n "$Lua_LIBS"; then
     pkg_cv_Lua_LIBS="$Lua_LIBS"
  elif test -n "$PKG_CONFIG"; then
     if test -n "$PKG_CONFIG" && \
-    { { $as_echo "$as_me:${as_lineno-$LINENO}: \$PKG_CONFIG --exists --print-errors \"lua52\""; } >&5
-  ($PKG_CONFIG --exists --print-errors "lua52") 2>&5
+    { { $as_echo "$as_me:${as_lineno-$LINENO}: \$PKG_CONFIG --exists --print-errors \"lua53\""; } >&5
+  ($PKG_CONFIG --exists --print-errors "lua53") 2>&5
   ac_status=$?
   $as_echo "$as_me:${as_lineno-$LINENO}: \$? = $ac_status" >&5
   test $ac_status = 0; }; then
-  pkg_cv_Lua_LIBS=`$PKG_CONFIG --libs "lua52" 2>/dev/null`
+  pkg_cv_Lua_LIBS=`$PKG_CONFIG --libs "lua53" 2>/dev/null`
 		      test "x$?" != "x0" && pkg_failed=yes
 else
   pkg_failed=yes
@@ -4097,9 +4097,9 @@ else
         _pkg_short_errors_supported=no
 fi
         if test $_pkg_short_errors_supported = yes; then
-	        Lua_PKG_ERRORS=`$PKG_CONFIG --short-errors --print-errors --cflags --libs "lua52" 2>&1`
+	        Lua_PKG_ERRORS=`$PKG_CONFIG --short-errors --print-errors --cflags --libs "lua53" 2>&1`
         else
-	        Lua_PKG_ERRORS=`$PKG_CONFIG --print-errors --cflags --libs "lua52" 2>&1`
+	        Lua_PKG_ERRORS=`$PKG_CONFIG --print-errors --cflags --libs "lua53" 2>&1`
         fi
 	# Put the nasty error message in config.log where it belongs
 	echo "$Lua_PKG_ERRORS" >&5
@@ -4173,7 +4173,7 @@ else
 	Lua_LIBS=$pkg_cv_Lua_LIBS
         { $as_echo "$as_me:${as_lineno-$LINENO}: result: yes" >&5
 $as_echo "yes" >&6; }
-	if test "x$($PKG_CONFIG --variable=V lua)" = 'x5.2'; then :
+	if test "x$($PKG_CONFIG --variable=V lua)" = 'x5.3'; then :
   with_lua=lua
 else
   with_lua=builtin
@@ -4251,7 +4251,7 @@ else
 	Lua_LIBS=$pkg_cv_Lua_LIBS
         { $as_echo "$as_me:${as_lineno-$LINENO}: result: yes" >&5
 $as_echo "yes" >&6; }
-	if test "x$($PKG_CONFIG --variable=V lua)" = 'x5.2'; then :
+	if test "x$($PKG_CONFIG --variable=V lua)" = 'x5.3'; then :
   with_lua=lua
 else
   with_lua=builtin
@@ -4262,14 +4262,14 @@ else
 	Lua_LIBS=$pkg_cv_Lua_LIBS
         { $as_echo "$as_me:${as_lineno-$LINENO}: result: yes" >&5
 $as_echo "yes" >&6; }
-	with_lua=lua52
+	with_lua=lua53
 fi
 else
 	Lua_CFLAGS=$pkg_cv_Lua_CFLAGS
 	Lua_LIBS=$pkg_cv_Lua_LIBS
         { $as_echo "$as_me:${as_lineno-$LINENO}: result: yes" >&5
 $as_echo "yes" >&6; }
-	with_lua=lua5.2
+	with_lua=lua5.3
 fi ;; #(
   *) :
 
diff --git a/configure.ac b/configure.ac
index 2b6ed69..29aeadd 100644
--- a/configure.ac
+++ b/configure.ac
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 AC_PREREQ([2.69])
 AC_INIT([[lem]], [[0.3]], [[esmil@mailme.dk]])
-builtin_lua_version='5.2'
+builtin_lua_version='5.3'
 
 AC_LANG(C)
 AC_CONFIG_HEADERS([libev/ev-config.h:ev-config.h.in])
@@ -60,10 +60,10 @@ AS_CASE(["x$with_lua"],
   [xbuiltin],
   [],
   [xcheck],
-  [PKG_CHECK_MODULES([Lua], [lua5.2], [with_lua=lua5.2],
-  [PKG_CHECK_MODULES([Lua], [lua52],  [with_lua=lua52],
+  [PKG_CHECK_MODULES([Lua], [lua5.3], [with_lua=lua5.3],
+  [PKG_CHECK_MODULES([Lua], [lua53],  [with_lua=lua53],
   [PKG_CHECK_MODULES([Lua], [lua],
-    [AS_IF([test "x$($PKG_CONFIG --variable=V lua)" = 'x5.2'],
+    [AS_IF([test "x$($PKG_CONFIG --variable=V lua)" = 'x5.3'],
       [with_lua=lua],
       [with_lua=builtin])],
     [with_lua=builtin])])])],
diff --git a/lem/http/core.c b/lem/http/core.c
index e9a6628..da18ba6 100644
--- a/lem/http/core.c
+++ b/lem/http/core.c
@@ -274,7 +274,7 @@ parse_http_process(lua_State *T, struct lem_inputbuf *b)
 					n += b->buf[k] - '0';
 				}
 
-				lua_pushnumber(T, n);
+				lua_pushinteger(T, n);
 			}
 			lua_setfield(T, -2, "status");
 			w = 0;
diff --git a/lem/io/core.c b/lem/io/core.c
index 1ec3843..4844bac 100644
--- a/lem/io/core.c
+++ b/lem/io/core.c
@@ -348,7 +348,7 @@ io_fromfd_reap(struct lem_async *a)
 static int
 io_fromfd(lua_State *T)
 {
-	int fd = luaL_checkint(T, 1);
+	int fd = luaL_checkinteger(T, 1);
 	struct fromfd *ff;
 
 	if (fd < 0)
@@ -425,7 +425,7 @@ io_popen(lua_State *T)
 	posix_spawn_file_actions_destroy(&fa);
 	close(fd[1]);
 	stream_new(T, fd[0], lua_upvalueindex(1));
-	lua_pushnumber(T, pid);
+	lua_pushinteger(T, pid);
 	return 2;
 error:
 	posix_spawn_file_actions_destroy(&fa);
diff --git a/lem/io/file.c b/lem/io/file.c
index 471b4a0..9d54fcb 100644
--- a/lem/io/file.c
+++ b/lem/io/file.c
@@ -360,7 +360,7 @@ file_size_reap(struct lem_async *a)
 		return;
 	}
 
-	lua_pushnumber(T, f->size.val);
+	lua_pushinteger(T, f->size.val);
 	lem_queue(T, 1);
 }
 
@@ -413,7 +413,7 @@ file_seek_reap(struct lem_async *a)
 		return;
 	}
 
-	lua_pushnumber(T, f->seek.offset);
+	lua_pushinteger(T, f->seek.offset);
 	lem_queue(T, 1);
 }
 
diff --git a/lem/io/stream.c b/lem/io/stream.c
index a8ab4d2..47a5775 100644
--- a/lem/io/stream.c
+++ b/lem/io/stream.c
@@ -389,8 +389,8 @@ stream_getpeer(lua_State *T)
 			}
 
 			lua_pushliteral(T, "*unix");
-			lua_pushnumber(T, cred.cr_uid);
-			lua_pushnumber(T, cred.cr_gid);
+			lua_pushinteger(T, cred.cr_uid);
+			lua_pushinteger(T, cred.cr_gid);
 #else
 			struct ucred cred;
 
@@ -399,8 +399,8 @@ stream_getpeer(lua_State *T)
 				return io_strerror(T, errno);
 
 			lua_pushliteral(T, "*unix");
-			lua_pushnumber(T, cred.uid);
-			lua_pushnumber(T, cred.gid);
+			lua_pushinteger(T, cred.uid);
+			lua_pushinteger(T, cred.gid);
 #endif
 			return 3;
 		}
@@ -413,7 +413,7 @@ stream_getpeer(lua_State *T)
 				return io_strerror(T, errno);
 
 			lua_pushstring(T, buf);
-			lua_pushnumber(T, ntohs(addr.in.sin_port));
+			lua_pushinteger(T, ntohs(addr.in.sin_port));
 			return 2;
 		}
 
@@ -425,7 +425,7 @@ stream_getpeer(lua_State *T)
 				return io_strerror(T, errno);
 
 			lua_pushstring(T, buf);
-			lua_pushnumber(T, ntohs(addr.in6.sin6_port));
+			lua_pushinteger(T, ntohs(addr.in6.sin6_port));
 			return 2;
 		}
 	}
@@ -504,7 +504,7 @@ stream_sendfile_reap(struct lem_async *a)
 	int ret;
 
 	if (sf->ret == 0) {
-		lua_pushnumber(T, sf->size);
+		lua_pushinteger(T, sf->size);
 		ret = 1;
 	} else {
 		if (s->open)
diff --git a/lem/lfs/core.c b/lem/lfs/core.c
index cbb451f..087a27c 100644
--- a/lem/lfs/core.c
+++ b/lem/lfs/core.c
@@ -391,20 +391,20 @@ static void
 lfs_attr_push(lua_State *T, struct stat *st, int i)
 {
 	switch (i) {
-	case 0:  lua_pushnumber(T, st->st_dev); break;
-	case 1:  lua_pushnumber(T, st->st_ino); break;
+	case 0:  lua_pushinteger(T, st->st_dev); break;
+	case 1:  lua_pushinteger(T, st->st_ino); break;
 	case 2:  lfs_attr_pushmode(T, st->st_mode); break;
 	case 3:  lfs_attr_pushperm(T, st->st_mode); break;
-	case 4:  lua_pushnumber(T, st->st_nlink); break;
-	case 5:  lua_pushnumber(T, st->st_uid); break;
-	case 6:  lua_pushnumber(T, st->st_gid); break;
-	case 7:  lua_pushnumber(T, st->st_rdev); break;
-	case 8:  lua_pushnumber(T, st->st_size); break;
-	case 9:  lua_pushnumber(T, st->st_blksize); break;
-	case 10: lua_pushnumber(T, st->st_blocks); break;
-	case 11: lua_pushnumber(T, st->st_atime); break;
-	case 12: lua_pushnumber(T, st->st_mtime); break;
-	case 13: lua_pushnumber(T, st->st_ctime); break;
+	case 4:  lua_pushinteger(T, st->st_nlink); break;
+	case 5:  lua_pushinteger(T, st->st_uid); break;
+	case 6:  lua_pushinteger(T, st->st_gid); break;
+	case 7:  lua_pushinteger(T, st->st_rdev); break;
+	case 8:  lua_pushinteger(T, st->st_size); break;
+	case 9:  lua_pushinteger(T, st->st_blksize); break;
+	case 10: lua_pushinteger(T, st->st_blocks); break;
+	case 11: lua_pushinteger(T, st->st_atime); break;
+	case 12: lua_pushinteger(T, st->st_mtime); break;
+	case 13: lua_pushinteger(T, st->st_ctime); break;
 	}
 }
 
diff --git a/lem/signal/core.c b/lem/signal/core.c
index 45be7fc..695f9d6 100644
--- a/lem/signal/core.c
+++ b/lem/signal/core.c
@@ -290,7 +290,7 @@ signal_tonumber(lua_State *T)
 static int
 signal_tostring(lua_State *T)
 {
-	int needle = luaL_checkint(T, 1);
+	int needle = luaL_checkinteger(T, 1);
 	unsigned int i;
 
 	for (i = 0; i < ARRAYLEN(sigmap); i++) {
@@ -326,7 +326,7 @@ signal_sethandler(lua_State *T)
 static int
 signal_watch(lua_State *T)
 {
-	int sig = luaL_checkint(T, 1);
+	int sig = luaL_checkinteger(T, 1);
 
 	lua_settop(T, 1);
 	lua_pushlightuserdata(T, &sigmap);
@@ -343,7 +343,7 @@ signal_watch(lua_State *T)
 static int
 signal_unwatch(lua_State *T)
 {
-	int sig = luaL_checkint(T, 1);
+	int sig = luaL_checkinteger(T, 1);
 
 	if (sig == SIGCHLD)
 		return signal_child_unwatch(T);
diff --git a/lua/Makefile b/lua/Makefile
index 7b4b2b7..d71c75c 100644
--- a/lua/Makefile
+++ b/lua/Makefile
@@ -6,8 +6,8 @@
 # Your platform. See PLATS for possible values.
 PLAT= none
 
-CC= gcc
-CFLAGS= -O2 -Wall -DLUA_COMPAT_ALL $(SYSCFLAGS) $(MYCFLAGS)
+CC= gcc -std=gnu99
+CFLAGS= -O2 -Wall -Wextra -DLUA_COMPAT_5_2 $(SYSCFLAGS) $(MYCFLAGS)
 LDFLAGS= $(SYSLDFLAGS) $(MYLDFLAGS)
 LIBS= -lm $(SYSLIBS) $(MYLIBS)
 
@@ -26,14 +26,14 @@ MYOBJS=
 
 # == END OF USER SETTINGS -- NO NEED TO CHANGE ANYTHING BELOW THIS LINE =======
 
-PLATS= aix ansi bsd freebsd generic linux macosx mingw posix solaris
+PLATS= aix bsd c89 freebsd generic linux macosx mingw posix solaris
 
 LUA_A=	liblua.a
 CORE_O=	lapi.o lcode.o lctype.o ldebug.o ldo.o ldump.o lfunc.o lgc.o llex.o \
 	lmem.o lobject.o lopcodes.o lparser.o lstate.o lstring.o ltable.o \
 	ltm.o lundump.o lvm.o lzio.o
 LIB_O=	lauxlib.o lbaselib.o lbitlib.o lcorolib.o ldblib.o liolib.o \
-	lmathlib.o loslib.o lstrlib.o ltablib.o loadlib.o linit.o
+	lmathlib.o loslib.o lstrlib.o ltablib.o lutf8lib.o loadlib.o linit.o
 BASE_O= $(CORE_O) $(LIB_O) $(MYOBJS)
 
 LUA_T=	lua
@@ -91,12 +91,16 @@ none:
 aix:
 	$(MAKE) $(ALL) CC="xlc" CFLAGS="-O2 -DLUA_USE_POSIX -DLUA_USE_DLOPEN" SYSLIBS="-ldl" SYSLDFLAGS="-brtl -bexpall"
 
-ansi:
-	$(MAKE) $(ALL) SYSCFLAGS="-DLUA_ANSI"
-
 bsd:
 	$(MAKE) $(ALL) SYSCFLAGS="-DLUA_USE_POSIX -DLUA_USE_DLOPEN" SYSLIBS="-Wl,-E"
 
+c89:
+	$(MAKE) $(ALL) SYSCFLAGS="-DLUA_USE_C89" CC="gcc -std=c89"
+	@echo ''
+	@echo '*** C89 does not guarantee 64-bit integers for Lua.'
+	@echo ''
+
+
 freebsd:
 	$(MAKE) $(ALL) SYSCFLAGS="-DLUA_USE_LINUX" SYSLIBS="-Wl,-E -lreadline"
 
@@ -109,7 +113,7 @@ macosx:
 	$(MAKE) $(ALL) SYSCFLAGS="-DLUA_USE_MACOSX" SYSLIBS="-lreadline" CC=cc
 
 mingw:
-	$(MAKE) "LUA_A=lua52.dll" "LUA_T=lua.exe" \
+	$(MAKE) "LUA_A=lua53.dll" "LUA_T=lua.exe" \
 	"AR=$(CC) -shared -o" "RANLIB=strip --strip-unneeded" \
 	"SYSCFLAGS=-DLUA_BUILD_AS_DLL" "SYSLIBS=" "SYSLDFLAGS=-s" lua.exe
 	$(MAKE) "LUAC_T=luac.exe" luac.exe
@@ -118,70 +122,76 @@ posix:
 	$(MAKE) $(ALL) SYSCFLAGS="-DLUA_USE_POSIX"
 
 solaris:
-	$(MAKE) $(ALL) SYSCFLAGS="-DLUA_USE_POSIX -DLUA_USE_DLOPEN" SYSLIBS="-ldl"
+	$(MAKE) $(ALL) SYSCFLAGS="-DLUA_USE_POSIX -DLUA_USE_DLOPEN -D_REENTRANT" SYSLIBS="-ldl"
 
 # list targets that do not create files (but not all makes understand .PHONY)
 .PHONY: all $(PLATS) default o a clean depend echo none
 
 # DO NOT DELETE
 
-lapi.o: lapi.c lua.h luaconf.h lapi.h llimits.h lstate.h lobject.h ltm.h \
- lzio.h lmem.h ldebug.h ldo.h lfunc.h lgc.h lstring.h ltable.h lundump.h \
+lapi.o: lapi.c lprefix.h lua.h luaconf.h lapi.h llimits.h lstate.h \
+ lobject.h ltm.h lzio.h lmem.h ldebug.h ldo.h lfunc.h lgc.h lstring.h \
+ ltable.h lundump.h lvm.h
+lauxlib.o: lauxlib.c lprefix.h lua.h luaconf.h lauxlib.h
+lbaselib.o: lbaselib.c lprefix.h lua.h luaconf.h lauxlib.h lualib.h
+lbitlib.o: lbitlib.c lprefix.h lua.h luaconf.h lauxlib.h lualib.h
+lcode.o: lcode.c lprefix.h lua.h luaconf.h lcode.h llex.h lobject.h \
+ llimits.h lzio.h lmem.h lopcodes.h lparser.h ldebug.h lstate.h ltm.h \
+ ldo.h lgc.h lstring.h ltable.h lvm.h
+lcorolib.o: lcorolib.c lprefix.h lua.h luaconf.h lauxlib.h lualib.h
+lctype.o: lctype.c lprefix.h lctype.h lua.h luaconf.h llimits.h
+ldblib.o: ldblib.c lprefix.h lua.h luaconf.h lauxlib.h lualib.h
+ldebug.o: ldebug.c lprefix.h lua.h luaconf.h lapi.h llimits.h lstate.h \
+ lobject.h ltm.h lzio.h lmem.h lcode.h llex.h lopcodes.h lparser.h \
+ ldebug.h ldo.h lfunc.h lstring.h lgc.h ltable.h lvm.h
+ldo.o: ldo.c lprefix.h lua.h luaconf.h lapi.h llimits.h lstate.h \
+ lobject.h ltm.h lzio.h lmem.h ldebug.h ldo.h lfunc.h lgc.h lopcodes.h \
+ lparser.h lstring.h ltable.h lundump.h lvm.h
+ldump.o: ldump.c lprefix.h lua.h luaconf.h lobject.h llimits.h lstate.h \
+ ltm.h lzio.h lmem.h lundump.h
+lfunc.o: lfunc.c lprefix.h lua.h luaconf.h lfunc.h lobject.h llimits.h \
+ lgc.h lstate.h ltm.h lzio.h lmem.h
+lgc.o: lgc.c lprefix.h lua.h luaconf.h ldebug.h lstate.h lobject.h \
+ llimits.h ltm.h lzio.h lmem.h ldo.h lfunc.h lgc.h lstring.h ltable.h
+linit.o: linit.c lprefix.h lua.h luaconf.h lualib.h lauxlib.h
+liolib.o: liolib.c lprefix.h lua.h luaconf.h lauxlib.h lualib.h
+llex.o: llex.c lprefix.h lua.h luaconf.h lctype.h llimits.h ldebug.h \
+ lstate.h lobject.h ltm.h lzio.h lmem.h ldo.h lgc.h llex.h lparser.h \
+ lstring.h ltable.h
+lmathlib.o: lmathlib.c lprefix.h lua.h luaconf.h lauxlib.h lualib.h
+lmem.o: lmem.c lprefix.h lua.h luaconf.h ldebug.h lstate.h lobject.h \
+ llimits.h ltm.h lzio.h lmem.h ldo.h lgc.h
+loadlib.o: loadlib.c lprefix.h lua.h luaconf.h lauxlib.h lualib.h
+lobject.o: lobject.c lprefix.h lua.h luaconf.h lctype.h llimits.h \
+ ldebug.h lstate.h lobject.h ltm.h lzio.h lmem.h ldo.h lstring.h lgc.h \
  lvm.h
-lauxlib.o: lauxlib.c lua.h luaconf.h lauxlib.h
-lbaselib.o: lbaselib.c lua.h luaconf.h lauxlib.h lualib.h
-lbitlib.o: lbitlib.c lua.h luaconf.h lauxlib.h lualib.h
-lcode.o: lcode.c lua.h luaconf.h lcode.h llex.h lobject.h llimits.h \
- lzio.h lmem.h lopcodes.h lparser.h ldebug.h lstate.h ltm.h ldo.h lgc.h \
- lstring.h ltable.h lvm.h
-lcorolib.o: lcorolib.c lua.h luaconf.h lauxlib.h lualib.h
-lctype.o: lctype.c lctype.h lua.h luaconf.h llimits.h
-ldblib.o: ldblib.c lua.h luaconf.h lauxlib.h lualib.h
-ldebug.o: ldebug.c lua.h luaconf.h lapi.h llimits.h lstate.h lobject.h \
- ltm.h lzio.h lmem.h lcode.h llex.h lopcodes.h lparser.h ldebug.h ldo.h \
- lfunc.h lstring.h lgc.h ltable.h lvm.h
-ldo.o: ldo.c lua.h luaconf.h lapi.h llimits.h lstate.h lobject.h ltm.h \
- lzio.h lmem.h ldebug.h ldo.h lfunc.h lgc.h lopcodes.h lparser.h \
- lstring.h ltable.h lundump.h lvm.h
-ldump.o: ldump.c lua.h luaconf.h lobject.h llimits.h lstate.h ltm.h \
- lzio.h lmem.h lundump.h
-lfunc.o: lfunc.c lua.h luaconf.h lfunc.h lobject.h llimits.h lgc.h \
- lstate.h ltm.h lzio.h lmem.h
-lgc.o: lgc.c lua.h luaconf.h ldebug.h lstate.h lobject.h llimits.h ltm.h \
- lzio.h lmem.h ldo.h lfunc.h lgc.h lstring.h ltable.h
-linit.o: linit.c lua.h luaconf.h lualib.h lauxlib.h
-liolib.o: liolib.c lua.h luaconf.h lauxlib.h lualib.h
-llex.o: llex.c lua.h luaconf.h lctype.h llimits.h ldo.h lobject.h \
- lstate.h ltm.h lzio.h lmem.h llex.h lparser.h lstring.h lgc.h ltable.h
-lmathlib.o: lmathlib.c lua.h luaconf.h lauxlib.h lualib.h
-lmem.o: lmem.c lua.h luaconf.h ldebug.h lstate.h lobject.h llimits.h \
- ltm.h lzio.h lmem.h ldo.h lgc.h
-loadlib.o: loadlib.c lua.h luaconf.h lauxlib.h lualib.h
-lobject.o: lobject.c lua.h luaconf.h lctype.h llimits.h ldebug.h lstate.h \
- lobject.h ltm.h lzio.h lmem.h ldo.h lstring.h lgc.h lvm.h
-lopcodes.o: lopcodes.c lopcodes.h llimits.h lua.h luaconf.h
-loslib.o: loslib.c lua.h luaconf.h lauxlib.h lualib.h
-lparser.o: lparser.c lua.h luaconf.h lcode.h llex.h lobject.h llimits.h \
- lzio.h lmem.h lopcodes.h lparser.h ldebug.h lstate.h ltm.h ldo.h lfunc.h \
- lstring.h lgc.h ltable.h
-lstate.o: lstate.c lua.h luaconf.h lapi.h llimits.h lstate.h lobject.h \
- ltm.h lzio.h lmem.h ldebug.h ldo.h lfunc.h lgc.h llex.h lstring.h \
- ltable.h
-lstring.o: lstring.c lua.h luaconf.h lmem.h llimits.h lobject.h lstate.h \
- ltm.h lzio.h lstring.h lgc.h
-lstrlib.o: lstrlib.c lua.h luaconf.h lauxlib.h lualib.h
-ltable.o: ltable.c lua.h luaconf.h ldebug.h lstate.h lobject.h llimits.h \
- ltm.h lzio.h lmem.h ldo.h lgc.h lstring.h ltable.h lvm.h
-ltablib.o: ltablib.c lua.h luaconf.h lauxlib.h lualib.h
-ltm.o: ltm.c lua.h luaconf.h lobject.h llimits.h lstate.h ltm.h lzio.h \
- lmem.h lstring.h lgc.h ltable.h
-lua.o: lua.c lua.h luaconf.h lauxlib.h lualib.h
-luac.o: luac.c lua.h luaconf.h lauxlib.h lobject.h llimits.h lstate.h \
- ltm.h lzio.h lmem.h lundump.h ldebug.h lopcodes.h
-lundump.o: lundump.c lua.h luaconf.h ldebug.h lstate.h lobject.h \
- llimits.h ltm.h lzio.h lmem.h ldo.h lfunc.h lstring.h lgc.h lundump.h
-lvm.o: lvm.c lua.h luaconf.h ldebug.h lstate.h lobject.h llimits.h ltm.h \
- lzio.h lmem.h ldo.h lfunc.h lgc.h lopcodes.h lstring.h ltable.h lvm.h
-lzio.o: lzio.c lua.h luaconf.h llimits.h lmem.h lstate.h lobject.h ltm.h \
- lzio.h
-
+lopcodes.o: lopcodes.c lprefix.h lopcodes.h llimits.h lua.h luaconf.h
+loslib.o: loslib.c lprefix.h lua.h luaconf.h lauxlib.h lualib.h
+lparser.o: lparser.c lprefix.h lua.h luaconf.h lcode.h llex.h lobject.h \
+ llimits.h lzio.h lmem.h lopcodes.h lparser.h ldebug.h lstate.h ltm.h \
+ ldo.h lfunc.h lstring.h lgc.h ltable.h
+lstate.o: lstate.c lprefix.h lua.h luaconf.h lapi.h llimits.h lstate.h \
+ lobject.h ltm.h lzio.h lmem.h ldebug.h ldo.h lfunc.h lgc.h llex.h \
+ lstring.h ltable.h
+lstring.o: lstring.c lprefix.h lua.h luaconf.h ldebug.h lstate.h \
+ lobject.h llimits.h ltm.h lzio.h lmem.h ldo.h lstring.h lgc.h
+lstrlib.o: lstrlib.c lprefix.h lua.h luaconf.h lauxlib.h lualib.h
+ltable.o: ltable.c lprefix.h lua.h luaconf.h ldebug.h lstate.h lobject.h \
+ llimits.h ltm.h lzio.h lmem.h ldo.h lgc.h lstring.h ltable.h lvm.h
+ltablib.o: ltablib.c lprefix.h lua.h luaconf.h lauxlib.h lualib.h
+ltm.o: ltm.c lprefix.h lua.h luaconf.h ldebug.h lstate.h lobject.h \
+ llimits.h ltm.h lzio.h lmem.h ldo.h lstring.h lgc.h ltable.h lvm.h
+lua.o: lua.c lprefix.h lua.h luaconf.h lauxlib.h lualib.h
+luac.o: luac.c lprefix.h lua.h luaconf.h lauxlib.h lobject.h llimits.h \
+ lstate.h ltm.h lzio.h lmem.h lundump.h ldebug.h lopcodes.h
+lundump.o: lundump.c lprefix.h lua.h luaconf.h ldebug.h lstate.h \
+ lobject.h llimits.h ltm.h lzio.h lmem.h ldo.h lfunc.h lstring.h lgc.h \
+ lundump.h
+lutf8lib.o: lutf8lib.c lprefix.h lua.h luaconf.h lauxlib.h lualib.h
+lvm.o: lvm.c lprefix.h lua.h luaconf.h ldebug.h lstate.h lobject.h \
+ llimits.h ltm.h lzio.h lmem.h ldo.h lfunc.h lgc.h lopcodes.h lstring.h \
+ ltable.h lvm.h
+lzio.o: lzio.c lprefix.h lua.h luaconf.h llimits.h lmem.h lstate.h \
+ lobject.h ltm.h lzio.h
+
+# (end of Makefile)
diff --git a/lua/lapi.c b/lua/lapi.c
index d011431..9a6a3fb 100644
--- a/lua/lapi.c
+++ b/lua/lapi.c
@@ -1,16 +1,18 @@
 /*
-** $Id: lapi.c,v 2.171.1.1 2013/04/12 18:48:47 roberto Exp $
+** $Id: lapi.c,v 2.257 2015/11/02 18:48:07 roberto Exp $
 ** Lua API
 ** See Copyright Notice in lua.h
 */
 
+#define lapi_c
+#define LUA_CORE
+
+#include "lprefix.h"
+
 
 #include <stdarg.h>
 #include <string.h>
 
-#define lapi_c
-#define LUA_CORE
-
 #include "lua.h"
 
 #include "lapi.h"
@@ -43,13 +45,16 @@ const char lua_ident[] =
 /* test for pseudo index */
 #define ispseudo(i)		((i) <= LUA_REGISTRYINDEX)
 
+/* test for upvalue */
+#define isupvalue(i)		((i) < LUA_REGISTRYINDEX)
+
 /* test for valid but not pseudo index */
 #define isstackindex(i, o)	(isvalid(o) && !ispseudo(i))
 
-#define api_checkvalidindex(L, o)  api_check(L, isvalid(o), "invalid index")
+#define api_checkvalidindex(l,o)  api_check(l, isvalid(o), "invalid index")
 
-#define api_checkstackindex(L, i, o)  \
-	api_check(L, isstackindex(i, o), "index not in the stack")
+#define api_checkstackindex(l, i, o)  \
+	api_check(l, isstackindex(i, o), "index not in the stack")
 
 
 static TValue *index2addr (lua_State *L, int idx) {
@@ -89,21 +94,22 @@ static void growstack (lua_State *L, void *ud) {
 }
 
 
-LUA_API int lua_checkstack (lua_State *L, int size) {
+LUA_API int lua_checkstack (lua_State *L, int n) {
   int res;
   CallInfo *ci = L->ci;
   lua_lock(L);
-  if (L->stack_last - L->top > size)  /* stack large enough? */
+  api_check(L, n >= 0, "negative 'n'");
+  if (L->stack_last - L->top > n)  /* stack large enough? */
     res = 1;  /* yes; check is OK */
   else {  /* no; need to grow stack */
     int inuse = cast_int(L->top - L->stack) + EXTRA_STACK;
-    if (inuse > LUAI_MAXSTACK - size)  /* can grow without overflow? */
+    if (inuse > LUAI_MAXSTACK - n)  /* can grow without overflow? */
       res = 0;  /* no */
     else  /* try to grow stack */
-      res = (luaD_rawrunprotected(L, &growstack, &size) == LUA_OK);
+      res = (luaD_rawrunprotected(L, &growstack, &n) == LUA_OK);
   }
-  if (res && ci->top < L->top + size)
-    ci->top = L->top + size;  /* adjust frame top */
+  if (res && ci->top < L->top + n)
+    ci->top = L->top + n;  /* adjust frame top */
   lua_unlock(L);
   return res;
 }
@@ -115,10 +121,11 @@ LUA_API void lua_xmove (lua_State *from, lua_State *to, int n) {
   lua_lock(to);
   api_checknelems(from, n);
   api_check(from, G(from) == G(to), "moving among independent states");
-  api_check(from, to->ci->top - to->top >= n, "not enough elements to move");
+  api_check(from, to->ci->top - to->top >= n, "stack overflow");
   from->top -= n;
   for (i = 0; i < n; i++) {
-    setobj2s(to, to->top++, from->top + i);
+    setobj2s(to, to->top, from->top + i);
+    to->top++;  /* stack already checked by previous 'api_check' */
   }
   lua_unlock(to);
 }
@@ -153,7 +160,7 @@ LUA_API const lua_Number *lua_version (lua_State *L) {
 LUA_API int lua_absindex (lua_State *L, int idx) {
   return (idx > 0 || ispseudo(idx))
          ? idx
-         : cast_int(L->top - L->ci->func + idx);
+         : cast_int(L->top - L->ci->func) + idx;
 }
 
 
@@ -173,61 +180,56 @@ LUA_API void lua_settop (lua_State *L, int idx) {
   }
   else {
     api_check(L, -(idx+1) <= (L->top - (func + 1)), "invalid new top");
-    L->top += idx+1;  /* `subtract' index (index is negative) */
+    L->top += idx+1;  /* 'subtract' index (index is negative) */
   }
   lua_unlock(L);
 }
 
 
-LUA_API void lua_remove (lua_State *L, int idx) {
-  StkId p;
-  lua_lock(L);
-  p = index2addr(L, idx);
-  api_checkstackindex(L, idx, p);
-  while (++p < L->top) setobjs2s(L, p-1, p);
-  L->top--;
-  lua_unlock(L);
+/*
+** Reverse the stack segment from 'from' to 'to'
+** (auxiliary to 'lua_rotate')
+*/
+static void reverse (lua_State *L, StkId from, StkId to) {
+  for (; from < to; from++, to--) {
+    TValue temp;
+    setobj(L, &temp, from);
+    setobjs2s(L, from, to);
+    setobj2s(L, to, &temp);
+  }
 }
 
 
-LUA_API void lua_insert (lua_State *L, int idx) {
-  StkId p;
-  StkId q;
+/*
+** Let x = AB, where A is a prefix of length 'n'. Then,
+** rotate x n == BA. But BA == (A^r . B^r)^r.
+*/
+LUA_API void lua_rotate (lua_State *L, int idx, int n) {
+  StkId p, t, m;
   lua_lock(L);
-  p = index2addr(L, idx);
+  t = L->top - 1;  /* end of stack segment being rotated */
+  p = index2addr(L, idx);  /* start of segment */
   api_checkstackindex(L, idx, p);
-  for (q = L->top; q > p; q--)  /* use L->top as a temporary */
-    setobjs2s(L, q, q - 1);
-  setobjs2s(L, p, L->top);
+  api_check(L, (n >= 0 ? n : -n) <= (t - p + 1), "invalid 'n'");
+  m = (n >= 0 ? t - n : p - n - 1);  /* end of prefix */
+  reverse(L, p, m);  /* reverse the prefix with length 'n' */
+  reverse(L, m + 1, t);  /* reverse the suffix */
+  reverse(L, p, t);  /* reverse the entire segment */
   lua_unlock(L);
 }
 
 
-static void moveto (lua_State *L, TValue *fr, int idx) {
-  TValue *to = index2addr(L, idx);
+LUA_API void lua_copy (lua_State *L, int fromidx, int toidx) {
+  TValue *fr, *to;
+  lua_lock(L);
+  fr = index2addr(L, fromidx);
+  to = index2addr(L, toidx);
   api_checkvalidindex(L, to);
   setobj(L, to, fr);
-  if (idx < LUA_REGISTRYINDEX)  /* function upvalue? */
+  if (isupvalue(toidx))  /* function upvalue? */
     luaC_barrier(L, clCvalue(L->ci->func), fr);
   /* LUA_REGISTRYINDEX does not need gc barrier
      (collector revisits it before finishing collection) */
-}
-
-
-LUA_API void lua_replace (lua_State *L, int idx) {
-  lua_lock(L);
-  api_checknelems(L, 1);
-  moveto(L, L->top - 1, idx);
-  L->top--;
-  lua_unlock(L);
-}
-
-
-LUA_API void lua_copy (lua_State *L, int fromidx, int toidx) {
-  TValue *fr;
-  lua_lock(L);
-  fr = index2addr(L, fromidx);
-  moveto(L, fr, toidx);
   lua_unlock(L);
 }
 
@@ -248,12 +250,13 @@ LUA_API void lua_pushvalue (lua_State *L, int idx) {
 
 LUA_API int lua_type (lua_State *L, int idx) {
   StkId o = index2addr(L, idx);
-  return (isvalid(o) ? ttypenv(o) : LUA_TNONE);
+  return (isvalid(o) ? ttnov(o) : LUA_TNONE);
 }
 
 
 LUA_API const char *lua_typename (lua_State *L, int t) {
   UNUSED(L);
+  api_check(L, LUA_TNONE <= t && t < LUA_NUMTAGS, "invalid tag");
   return ttypename(t);
 }
 
@@ -264,22 +267,28 @@ LUA_API int lua_iscfunction (lua_State *L, int idx) {
 }
 
 
+LUA_API int lua_isinteger (lua_State *L, int idx) {
+  StkId o = index2addr(L, idx);
+  return ttisinteger(o);
+}
+
+
 LUA_API int lua_isnumber (lua_State *L, int idx) {
-  TValue n;
+  lua_Number n;
   const TValue *o = index2addr(L, idx);
   return tonumber(o, &n);
 }
 
 
 LUA_API int lua_isstring (lua_State *L, int idx) {
-  int t = lua_type(L, idx);
-  return (t == LUA_TSTRING || t == LUA_TNUMBER);
+  const TValue *o = index2addr(L, idx);
+  return (ttisstring(o) || cvt2str(o));
 }
 
 
 LUA_API int lua_isuserdata (lua_State *L, int idx) {
   const TValue *o = index2addr(L, idx);
-  return (ttisuserdata(o) || ttislightuserdata(o));
+  return (ttisfulluserdata(o) || ttislightuserdata(o));
 }
 
 
@@ -291,24 +300,17 @@ LUA_API int lua_rawequal (lua_State *L, int index1, int index2) {
 
 
 LUA_API void lua_arith (lua_State *L, int op) {
-  StkId o1;  /* 1st operand */
-  StkId o2;  /* 2nd operand */
   lua_lock(L);
-  if (op != LUA_OPUNM) /* all other operations expect two operands */
-    api_checknelems(L, 2);
-  else {  /* for unary minus, add fake 2nd operand */
+  if (op != LUA_OPUNM && op != LUA_OPBNOT)
+    api_checknelems(L, 2);  /* all other operations expect two operands */
+  else {  /* for unary operations, add fake 2nd operand */
     api_checknelems(L, 1);
     setobjs2s(L, L->top, L->top - 1);
-    L->top++;
-  }
-  o1 = L->top - 2;
-  o2 = L->top - 1;
-  if (ttisnumber(o1) && ttisnumber(o2)) {
-    setnvalue(o1, luaO_arith(op, nvalue(o1), nvalue(o2)));
+    api_incr_top(L);
   }
-  else
-    luaV_arith(L, o1, o1, o2, cast(TMS, op - LUA_OPADD + TM_ADD));
-  L->top--;
+  /* first operand at top - 2, second at top - 1; result go to top - 2 */
+  luaO_arith(L, op, L->top - 2, L->top - 1, L->top - 2);
+  L->top--;  /* remove second operand */
   lua_unlock(L);
 }
 
@@ -321,7 +323,7 @@ LUA_API int lua_compare (lua_State *L, int index1, int index2, int op) {
   o2 = index2addr(L, index2);
   if (isvalid(o1) && isvalid(o2)) {
     switch (op) {
-      case LUA_OPEQ: i = equalobj(L, o1, o2); break;
+      case LUA_OPEQ: i = luaV_equalobj(L, o1, o2); break;
       case LUA_OPLT: i = luaV_lessthan(L, o1, o2); break;
       case LUA_OPLE: i = luaV_lessequal(L, o1, o2); break;
       default: api_check(L, 0, "invalid option");
@@ -332,51 +334,33 @@ LUA_API int lua_compare (lua_State *L, int index1, int index2, int op) {
 }
 
 
-LUA_API lua_Number lua_tonumberx (lua_State *L, int idx, int *isnum) {
-  TValue n;
-  const TValue *o = index2addr(L, idx);
-  if (tonumber(o, &n)) {
-    if (isnum) *isnum = 1;
-    return nvalue(o);
-  }
-  else {
-    if (isnum) *isnum = 0;
-    return 0;
-  }
+LUA_API size_t lua_stringtonumber (lua_State *L, const char *s) {
+  size_t sz = luaO_str2num(s, L->top);
+  if (sz != 0)
+    api_incr_top(L);
+  return sz;
 }
 
 
-LUA_API lua_Integer lua_tointegerx (lua_State *L, int idx, int *isnum) {
-  TValue n;
+LUA_API lua_Number lua_tonumberx (lua_State *L, int idx, int *pisnum) {
+  lua_Number n;
   const TValue *o = index2addr(L, idx);
-  if (tonumber(o, &n)) {
-    lua_Integer res;
-    lua_Number num = nvalue(o);
-    lua_number2integer(res, num);
-    if (isnum) *isnum = 1;
-    return res;
-  }
-  else {
-    if (isnum) *isnum = 0;
-    return 0;
-  }
+  int isnum = tonumber(o, &n);
+  if (!isnum)
+    n = 0;  /* call to 'tonumber' may change 'n' even if it fails */
+  if (pisnum) *pisnum = isnum;
+  return n;
 }
 
 
-LUA_API lua_Unsigned lua_tounsignedx (lua_State *L, int idx, int *isnum) {
-  TValue n;
+LUA_API lua_Integer lua_tointegerx (lua_State *L, int idx, int *pisnum) {
+  lua_Integer res;
   const TValue *o = index2addr(L, idx);
-  if (tonumber(o, &n)) {
-    lua_Unsigned res;
-    lua_Number num = nvalue(o);
-    lua_number2unsigned(res, num);
-    if (isnum) *isnum = 1;
-    return res;
-  }
-  else {
-    if (isnum) *isnum = 0;
-    return 0;
-  }
+  int isnum = tointeger(o, &res);
+  if (!isnum)
+    res = 0;  /* call to 'tointeger' may change 'n' even if it fails */
+  if (pisnum) *pisnum = isnum;
+  return res;
 }
 
 
@@ -389,25 +373,27 @@ LUA_API int lua_toboolean (lua_State *L, int idx) {
 LUA_API const char *lua_tolstring (lua_State *L, int idx, size_t *len) {
   StkId o = index2addr(L, idx);
   if (!ttisstring(o)) {
-    lua_lock(L);  /* `luaV_tostring' may create a new string */
-    if (!luaV_tostring(L, o)) {  /* conversion failed? */
+    if (!cvt2str(o)) {  /* not convertible? */
       if (len != NULL) *len = 0;
-      lua_unlock(L);
       return NULL;
     }
+    lua_lock(L);  /* 'luaO_tostring' may create a new string */
     luaC_checkGC(L);
     o = index2addr(L, idx);  /* previous call may reallocate the stack */
+    luaO_tostring(L, o);
     lua_unlock(L);
   }
-  if (len != NULL) *len = tsvalue(o)->len;
+  if (len != NULL)
+    *len = vslen(o);
   return svalue(o);
 }
 
 
 LUA_API size_t lua_rawlen (lua_State *L, int idx) {
   StkId o = index2addr(L, idx);
-  switch (ttypenv(o)) {
-    case LUA_TSTRING: return tsvalue(o)->len;
+  switch (ttype(o)) {
+    case LUA_TSHRSTR: return tsvalue(o)->shrlen;
+    case LUA_TLNGSTR: return tsvalue(o)->u.lnglen;
     case LUA_TUSERDATA: return uvalue(o)->len;
     case LUA_TTABLE: return luaH_getn(hvalue(o));
     default: return 0;
@@ -426,8 +412,8 @@ LUA_API lua_CFunction lua_tocfunction (lua_State *L, int idx) {
 
 LUA_API void *lua_touserdata (lua_State *L, int idx) {
   StkId o = index2addr(L, idx);
-  switch (ttypenv(o)) {
-    case LUA_TUSERDATA: return (rawuvalue(o) + 1);
+  switch (ttnov(o)) {
+    case LUA_TUSERDATA: return getudatamem(uvalue(o));
     case LUA_TLIGHTUSERDATA: return pvalue(o);
     default: return NULL;
   }
@@ -448,9 +434,8 @@ LUA_API const void *lua_topointer (lua_State *L, int idx) {
     case LUA_TCCL: return clCvalue(o);
     case LUA_TLCF: return cast(void *, cast(size_t, fvalue(o)));
     case LUA_TTHREAD: return thvalue(o);
-    case LUA_TUSERDATA:
-    case LUA_TLIGHTUSERDATA:
-      return lua_touserdata(L, idx);
+    case LUA_TUSERDATA: return getudatamem(uvalue(o));
+    case LUA_TLIGHTUSERDATA: return pvalue(o);
     default: return NULL;
   }
 }
@@ -472,9 +457,7 @@ LUA_API void lua_pushnil (lua_State *L) {
 
 LUA_API void lua_pushnumber (lua_State *L, lua_Number n) {
   lua_lock(L);
-  setnvalue(L->top, n);
-  luai_checknum(L, L->top,
-    luaG_runerror(L, "C API - attempt to push a signaling NaN"));
+  setfltvalue(L->top, n);
   api_incr_top(L);
   lua_unlock(L);
 }
@@ -482,27 +465,22 @@ LUA_API void lua_pushnumber (lua_State *L, lua_Number n) {
 
 LUA_API void lua_pushinteger (lua_State *L, lua_Integer n) {
   lua_lock(L);
-  setnvalue(L->top, cast_num(n));
-  api_incr_top(L);
-  lua_unlock(L);
-}
-
-
-LUA_API void lua_pushunsigned (lua_State *L, lua_Unsigned u) {
-  lua_Number n;
-  lua_lock(L);
-  n = lua_unsigned2number(u);
-  setnvalue(L->top, n);
+  setivalue(L->top, n);
   api_incr_top(L);
   lua_unlock(L);
 }
 
 
+/*
+** Pushes on the stack a string with given length. Avoid using 's' when
+** 'len' == 0 (as 's' can be NULL in that case), due to later use of
+** 'memcmp' and 'memcpy'.
+*/
 LUA_API const char *lua_pushlstring (lua_State *L, const char *s, size_t len) {
   TString *ts;
   lua_lock(L);
   luaC_checkGC(L);
-  ts = luaS_newlstr(L, s, len);
+  ts = (len == 0) ? luaS_new(L, "") : luaS_newlstr(L, s, len);
   setsvalue2s(L, L->top, ts);
   api_incr_top(L);
   lua_unlock(L);
@@ -511,20 +489,19 @@ LUA_API const char *lua_pushlstring (lua_State *L, const char *s, size_t len) {
 
 
 LUA_API const char *lua_pushstring (lua_State *L, const char *s) {
-  if (s == NULL) {
-    lua_pushnil(L);
-    return NULL;
-  }
+  lua_lock(L);
+  if (s == NULL)
+    setnilvalue(L->top);
   else {
     TString *ts;
-    lua_lock(L);
     luaC_checkGC(L);
     ts = luaS_new(L, s);
     setsvalue2s(L, L->top, ts);
-    api_incr_top(L);
-    lua_unlock(L);
-    return getstr(ts);
+    s = getstr(ts);  /* internal copy's address */
   }
+  api_incr_top(L);
+  lua_unlock(L);
+  return s;
 }
 
 
@@ -558,15 +535,17 @@ LUA_API void lua_pushcclosure (lua_State *L, lua_CFunction fn, int n) {
     setfvalue(L->top, fn);
   }
   else {
-    Closure *cl;
+    CClosure *cl;
     api_checknelems(L, n);
     api_check(L, n <= MAXUPVAL, "upvalue index too large");
     luaC_checkGC(L);
     cl = luaF_newCclosure(L, n);
-    cl->c.f = fn;
+    cl->f = fn;
     L->top -= n;
-    while (n--)
-      setobj2n(L, &cl->c.upvalue[n], L->top + n);
+    while (n--) {
+      setobj2n(L, &cl->upvalue[n], L->top + n);
+      /* does not need barrier because closure is white */
+    }
     setclCvalue(L, L->top, cl);
   }
   api_incr_top(L);
@@ -605,48 +584,77 @@ LUA_API int lua_pushthread (lua_State *L) {
 */
 
 
-LUA_API void lua_getglobal (lua_State *L, const char *var) {
+static int auxgetstr (lua_State *L, const TValue *t, const char *k) {
+  const TValue *aux;
+  TString *str = luaS_new(L, k);
+  if (luaV_fastget(L, t, str, aux, luaH_getstr)) {
+    setobj2s(L, L->top, aux);
+    api_incr_top(L);
+  }
+  else {
+    setsvalue2s(L, L->top, str);
+    api_incr_top(L);
+    luaV_finishget(L, t, L->top - 1, L->top - 1, aux);
+  }
+  lua_unlock(L);
+  return ttnov(L->top - 1);
+}
+
+
+LUA_API int lua_getglobal (lua_State *L, const char *name) {
   Table *reg = hvalue(&G(L)->l_registry);
-  const TValue *gt;  /* global table */
   lua_lock(L);
-  gt = luaH_getint(reg, LUA_RIDX_GLOBALS);
-  setsvalue2s(L, L->top++, luaS_new(L, var));
-  luaV_gettable(L, gt, L->top - 1, L->top - 1);
-  lua_unlock(L);
+  return auxgetstr(L, luaH_getint(reg, LUA_RIDX_GLOBALS), name);
 }
 
 
-LUA_API void lua_gettable (lua_State *L, int idx) {
+LUA_API int lua_gettable (lua_State *L, int idx) {
   StkId t;
   lua_lock(L);
   t = index2addr(L, idx);
   luaV_gettable(L, t, L->top - 1, L->top - 1);
   lua_unlock(L);
+  return ttnov(L->top - 1);
+}
+
+
+LUA_API int lua_getfield (lua_State *L, int idx, const char *k) {
+  lua_lock(L);
+  return auxgetstr(L, index2addr(L, idx), k);
 }
 
 
-LUA_API void lua_getfield (lua_State *L, int idx, const char *k) {
+LUA_API int lua_geti (lua_State *L, int idx, lua_Integer n) {
   StkId t;
+  const TValue *aux;
   lua_lock(L);
   t = index2addr(L, idx);
-  setsvalue2s(L, L->top, luaS_new(L, k));
-  api_incr_top(L);
-  luaV_gettable(L, t, L->top - 1, L->top - 1);
+  if (luaV_fastget(L, t, n, aux, luaH_getint)) {
+    setobj2s(L, L->top, aux);
+    api_incr_top(L);
+  }
+  else {
+    setivalue(L->top, n);
+    api_incr_top(L);
+    luaV_finishget(L, t, L->top - 1, L->top - 1, aux);
+  }
   lua_unlock(L);
+  return ttnov(L->top - 1);
 }
 
 
-LUA_API void lua_rawget (lua_State *L, int idx) {
+LUA_API int lua_rawget (lua_State *L, int idx) {
   StkId t;
   lua_lock(L);
   t = index2addr(L, idx);
   api_check(L, ttistable(t), "table expected");
   setobj2s(L, L->top - 1, luaH_get(hvalue(t), L->top - 1));
   lua_unlock(L);
+  return ttnov(L->top - 1);
 }
 
 
-LUA_API void lua_rawgeti (lua_State *L, int idx, int n) {
+LUA_API int lua_rawgeti (lua_State *L, int idx, lua_Integer n) {
   StkId t;
   lua_lock(L);
   t = index2addr(L, idx);
@@ -654,10 +662,11 @@ LUA_API void lua_rawgeti (lua_State *L, int idx, int n) {
   setobj2s(L, L->top, luaH_getint(hvalue(t), n));
   api_incr_top(L);
   lua_unlock(L);
+  return ttnov(L->top - 1);
 }
 
 
-LUA_API void lua_rawgetp (lua_State *L, int idx, const void *p) {
+LUA_API int lua_rawgetp (lua_State *L, int idx, const void *p) {
   StkId t;
   TValue k;
   lua_lock(L);
@@ -667,6 +676,7 @@ LUA_API void lua_rawgetp (lua_State *L, int idx, const void *p) {
   setobj2s(L, L->top, luaH_get(hvalue(t), &k));
   api_incr_top(L);
   lua_unlock(L);
+  return ttnov(L->top - 1);
 }
 
 
@@ -685,11 +695,11 @@ LUA_API void lua_createtable (lua_State *L, int narray, int nrec) {
 
 LUA_API int lua_getmetatable (lua_State *L, int objindex) {
   const TValue *obj;
-  Table *mt = NULL;
-  int res;
+  Table *mt;
+  int res = 0;
   lua_lock(L);
   obj = index2addr(L, objindex);
-  switch (ttypenv(obj)) {
+  switch (ttnov(obj)) {
     case LUA_TTABLE:
       mt = hvalue(obj)->metatable;
       break;
@@ -697,12 +707,10 @@ LUA_API int lua_getmetatable (lua_State *L, int objindex) {
       mt = uvalue(obj)->metatable;
       break;
     default:
-      mt = G(L)->mt[ttypenv(obj)];
+      mt = G(L)->mt[ttnov(obj)];
       break;
   }
-  if (mt == NULL)
-    res = 0;
-  else {
+  if (mt != NULL) {
     sethvalue(L, L->top, mt);
     api_incr_top(L);
     res = 1;
@@ -712,17 +720,15 @@ LUA_API int lua_getmetatable (lua_State *L, int objindex) {
 }
 
 
-LUA_API void lua_getuservalue (lua_State *L, int idx) {
+LUA_API int lua_getuservalue (lua_State *L, int idx) {
   StkId o;
   lua_lock(L);
   o = index2addr(L, idx);
-  api_check(L, ttisuserdata(o), "userdata expected");
-  if (uvalue(o)->env) {
-    sethvalue(L, L->top, uvalue(o)->env);
-  } else
-    setnilvalue(L->top);
+  api_check(L, ttisfulluserdata(o), "full userdata expected");
+  getuservalue(L, uvalue(o), L->top);
   api_incr_top(L);
   lua_unlock(L);
+  return ttnov(L->top - 1);
 }
 
 
@@ -730,17 +736,29 @@ LUA_API void lua_getuservalue (lua_State *L, int idx) {
 ** set functions (stack -> Lua)
 */
 
+/*
+** t[k] = value at the top of the stack (where 'k' is a string)
+*/
+static void auxsetstr (lua_State *L, const TValue *t, const char *k) {
+  const TValue *aux;
+  TString *str = luaS_new(L, k);
+  api_checknelems(L, 1);
+  if (luaV_fastset(L, t, str, aux, luaH_getstr, L->top - 1))
+    L->top--;  /* pop value */
+  else {
+    setsvalue2s(L, L->top, str);  /* push 'str' (to make it a TValue) */
+    api_incr_top(L);
+    luaV_finishset(L, t, L->top - 1, L->top - 2, aux);
+    L->top -= 2;  /* pop value and key */
+  }
+  lua_unlock(L);  /* lock done by caller */
+}
 
-LUA_API void lua_setglobal (lua_State *L, const char *var) {
+
+LUA_API void lua_setglobal (lua_State *L, const char *name) {
   Table *reg = hvalue(&G(L)->l_registry);
-  const TValue *gt;  /* global table */
-  lua_lock(L);
-  api_checknelems(L, 1);
-  gt = luaH_getint(reg, LUA_RIDX_GLOBALS);
-  setsvalue2s(L, L->top++, luaS_new(L, var));
-  luaV_settable(L, gt, L->top - 1, L->top - 2);
-  L->top -= 2;  /* pop value and key */
-  lua_unlock(L);
+  lua_lock(L);  /* unlock done in 'auxsetstr' */
+  auxsetstr(L, luaH_getint(reg, LUA_RIDX_GLOBALS), name);
 }
 
 
@@ -756,54 +774,69 @@ LUA_API void lua_settable (lua_State *L, int idx) {
 
 
 LUA_API void lua_setfield (lua_State *L, int idx, const char *k) {
+  lua_lock(L);  /* unlock done in 'auxsetstr' */
+  auxsetstr(L, index2addr(L, idx), k);
+}
+
+
+LUA_API void lua_seti (lua_State *L, int idx, lua_Integer n) {
   StkId t;
+  const TValue *aux;
   lua_lock(L);
   api_checknelems(L, 1);
   t = index2addr(L, idx);
-  setsvalue2s(L, L->top++, luaS_new(L, k));
-  luaV_settable(L, t, L->top - 1, L->top - 2);
-  L->top -= 2;  /* pop value and key */
+  if (luaV_fastset(L, t, n, aux, luaH_getint, L->top - 1))
+    L->top--;  /* pop value */
+  else {
+    setivalue(L->top, n);
+    api_incr_top(L);
+    luaV_finishset(L, t, L->top - 1, L->top - 2, aux);
+    L->top -= 2;  /* pop value and key */
+  }
   lua_unlock(L);
 }
 
 
 LUA_API void lua_rawset (lua_State *L, int idx) {
-  StkId t;
+  StkId o;
+  TValue *slot;
   lua_lock(L);
   api_checknelems(L, 2);
-  t = index2addr(L, idx);
-  api_check(L, ttistable(t), "table expected");
-  setobj2t(L, luaH_set(L, hvalue(t), L->top-2), L->top-1);
-  invalidateTMcache(hvalue(t));
-  luaC_barrierback(L, gcvalue(t), L->top-1);
+  o = index2addr(L, idx);
+  api_check(L, ttistable(o), "table expected");
+  slot = luaH_set(L, hvalue(o), L->top - 2);
+  setobj2t(L, slot, L->top - 1);
+  invalidateTMcache(hvalue(o));
+  luaC_barrierback(L, hvalue(o), L->top-1);
   L->top -= 2;
   lua_unlock(L);
 }
 
 
-LUA_API void lua_rawseti (lua_State *L, int idx, int n) {
-  StkId t;
+LUA_API void lua_rawseti (lua_State *L, int idx, lua_Integer n) {
+  StkId o;
   lua_lock(L);
   api_checknelems(L, 1);
-  t = index2addr(L, idx);
-  api_check(L, ttistable(t), "table expected");
-  luaH_setint(L, hvalue(t), n, L->top - 1);
-  luaC_barrierback(L, gcvalue(t), L->top-1);
+  o = index2addr(L, idx);
+  api_check(L, ttistable(o), "table expected");
+  luaH_setint(L, hvalue(o), n, L->top - 1);
+  luaC_barrierback(L, hvalue(o), L->top-1);
   L->top--;
   lua_unlock(L);
 }
 
 
 LUA_API void lua_rawsetp (lua_State *L, int idx, const void *p) {
-  StkId t;
-  TValue k;
+  StkId o;
+  TValue k, *slot;
   lua_lock(L);
   api_checknelems(L, 1);
-  t = index2addr(L, idx);
-  api_check(L, ttistable(t), "table expected");
+  o = index2addr(L, idx);
+  api_check(L, ttistable(o), "table expected");
   setpvalue(&k, cast(void *, p));
-  setobj2t(L, luaH_set(L, hvalue(t), &k), L->top - 1);
-  luaC_barrierback(L, gcvalue(t), L->top - 1);
+  slot = luaH_set(L, hvalue(o), &k);
+  setobj2t(L, slot, L->top - 1);
+  luaC_barrierback(L, hvalue(o), L->top - 1);
   L->top--;
   lua_unlock(L);
 }
@@ -821,11 +854,11 @@ LUA_API int lua_setmetatable (lua_State *L, int objindex) {
     api_check(L, ttistable(L->top - 1), "table expected");
     mt = hvalue(L->top - 1);
   }
-  switch (ttypenv(obj)) {
+  switch (ttnov(obj)) {
     case LUA_TTABLE: {
       hvalue(obj)->metatable = mt;
       if (mt) {
-        luaC_objbarrierback(L, gcvalue(obj), mt);
+        luaC_objbarrier(L, gcvalue(obj), mt);
         luaC_checkfinalizer(L, gcvalue(obj), mt);
       }
       break;
@@ -833,13 +866,13 @@ LUA_API int lua_setmetatable (lua_State *L, int objindex) {
     case LUA_TUSERDATA: {
       uvalue(obj)->metatable = mt;
       if (mt) {
-        luaC_objbarrier(L, rawuvalue(obj), mt);
+        luaC_objbarrier(L, uvalue(obj), mt);
         luaC_checkfinalizer(L, gcvalue(obj), mt);
       }
       break;
     }
     default: {
-      G(L)->mt[ttypenv(obj)] = mt;
+      G(L)->mt[ttnov(obj)] = mt;
       break;
     }
   }
@@ -854,21 +887,16 @@ LUA_API void lua_setuservalue (lua_State *L, int idx) {
   lua_lock(L);
   api_checknelems(L, 1);
   o = index2addr(L, idx);
-  api_check(L, ttisuserdata(o), "userdata expected");
-  if (ttisnil(L->top - 1))
-    uvalue(o)->env = NULL;
-  else {
-    api_check(L, ttistable(L->top - 1), "table expected");
-    uvalue(o)->env = hvalue(L->top - 1);
-    luaC_objbarrier(L, gcvalue(o), hvalue(L->top - 1));
-  }
+  api_check(L, ttisfulluserdata(o), "full userdata expected");
+  setuservalue(L, uvalue(o), L->top - 1);
+  luaC_barrier(L, gcvalue(o), L->top - 1);
   L->top--;
   lua_unlock(L);
 }
 
 
 /*
-** `load' and `call' functions (run Lua code)
+** 'load' and 'call' functions (run Lua code)
 */
 
 
@@ -877,17 +905,8 @@ LUA_API void lua_setuservalue (lua_State *L, int idx) {
 	"results from function overflow current stack size")
 
 
-LUA_API int lua_getctx (lua_State *L, int *ctx) {
-  if (L->ci->callstatus & CIST_YIELDED) {
-    if (ctx) *ctx = L->ci->u.c.ctx;
-    return L->ci->u.c.status;
-  }
-  else return LUA_OK;
-}
-
-
-LUA_API void lua_callk (lua_State *L, int nargs, int nresults, int ctx,
-                        lua_CFunction k) {
+LUA_API void lua_callk (lua_State *L, int nargs, int nresults,
+                        lua_KContext ctx, lua_KFunction k) {
   StkId func;
   lua_lock(L);
   api_check(L, k == NULL || !isLua(L->ci),
@@ -899,10 +918,10 @@ LUA_API void lua_callk (lua_State *L, int nargs, int nresults, int ctx,
   if (k != NULL && L->nny == 0) {  /* need to prepare continuation? */
     L->ci->u.c.k = k;  /* save continuation */
     L->ci->u.c.ctx = ctx;  /* save context */
-    luaD_call(L, func, nresults, 1);  /* do the call */
+    luaD_call(L, func, nresults);  /* do the call */
   }
   else  /* no continuation or no yieldable */
-    luaD_call(L, func, nresults, 0);  /* just do the call */
+    luaD_callnoyield(L, func, nresults);  /* just do the call */
   adjustresults(L, nresults);
   lua_unlock(L);
 }
@@ -912,7 +931,7 @@ LUA_API void lua_callk (lua_State *L, int nargs, int nresults, int ctx,
 /*
 ** Execute a protected call.
 */
-struct CallS {  /* data to `f_call' */
+struct CallS {  /* data to 'f_call' */
   StkId func;
   int nresults;
 };
@@ -920,13 +939,13 @@ struct CallS {  /* data to `f_call' */
 
 static void f_call (lua_State *L, void *ud) {
   struct CallS *c = cast(struct CallS *, ud);
-  luaD_call(L, c->func, c->nresults, 0);
+  luaD_callnoyield(L, c->func, c->nresults);
 }
 
 
 
 LUA_API int lua_pcallk (lua_State *L, int nargs, int nresults, int errfunc,
-                        int ctx, lua_CFunction k) {
+                        lua_KContext ctx, lua_KFunction k) {
   struct CallS c;
   int status;
   ptrdiff_t func;
@@ -954,12 +973,11 @@ LUA_API int lua_pcallk (lua_State *L, int nargs, int nresults, int errfunc,
     ci->u.c.ctx = ctx;  /* save context */
     /* save information for error recovery */
     ci->extra = savestack(L, c.func);
-    ci->u.c.old_allowhook = L->allowhook;
     ci->u.c.old_errfunc = L->errfunc;
     L->errfunc = func;
-    /* mark that function may do error recovery */
-    ci->callstatus |= CIST_YPCALL;
-    luaD_call(L, c.func, nresults, 1);  /* do the call */
+    setoah(ci->callstatus, L->allowhook);  /* save value of 'allowhook' */
+    ci->callstatus |= CIST_YPCALL;  /* function can do error recovery */
+    luaD_call(L, c.func, nresults);  /* do the call */
     ci->callstatus &= ~CIST_YPCALL;
     L->errfunc = ci->u.c.old_errfunc;
     status = LUA_OK;  /* if it is here, there were no errors */
@@ -980,13 +998,13 @@ LUA_API int lua_load (lua_State *L, lua_Reader reader, void *data,
   status = luaD_protectedparser(L, &z, chunkname, mode);
   if (status == LUA_OK) {  /* no errors? */
     LClosure *f = clLvalue(L->top - 1);  /* get newly created function */
-    if (f->nupvalues == 1) {  /* does it have one upvalue? */
+    if (f->nupvalues >= 1) {  /* does it have an upvalue? */
       /* get global table from registry */
       Table *reg = hvalue(&G(L)->l_registry);
       const TValue *gt = luaH_getint(reg, LUA_RIDX_GLOBALS);
       /* set global table as 1st upvalue of 'f' (may be LUA_ENV) */
       setobj(L, f->upvals[0]->v, gt);
-      luaC_barrier(L, f->upvals[0], gt);
+      luaC_upvalbarrier(L, f->upvals[0]);
     }
   }
   lua_unlock(L);
@@ -994,14 +1012,14 @@ LUA_API int lua_load (lua_State *L, lua_Reader reader, void *data,
 }
 
 
-LUA_API int lua_dump (lua_State *L, lua_Writer writer, void *data) {
+LUA_API int lua_dump (lua_State *L, lua_Writer writer, void *data, int strip) {
   int status;
   TValue *o;
   lua_lock(L);
   api_checknelems(L, 1);
   o = L->top - 1;
   if (isLfunction(o))
-    status = luaU_dump(L, getproto(o), writer, data, 0);
+    status = luaU_dump(L, getproto(o), writer, data, strip);
   else
     status = 1;
   lua_unlock(L);
@@ -1047,19 +1065,21 @@ LUA_API int lua_gc (lua_State *L, int what, int data) {
       break;
     }
     case LUA_GCSTEP: {
-      if (g->gckind == KGC_GEN) {  /* generational mode? */
-        res = (g->GCestimate == 0);  /* true if it will do major collection */
-        luaC_forcestep(L);  /* do a single step */
+      l_mem debt = 1;  /* =1 to signal that it did an actual step */
+      lu_byte oldrunning = g->gcrunning;
+      g->gcrunning = 1;  /* allow GC to run */
+      if (data == 0) {
+        luaE_setdebt(g, -GCSTEPSIZE);  /* to do a "small" step */
+        luaC_step(L);
       }
-      else {
-       lu_mem debt = cast(lu_mem, data) * 1024 - GCSTEPSIZE;
-       if (g->gcrunning)
-         debt += g->GCdebt;  /* include current debt */
-       luaE_setdebt(g, debt);
-       luaC_forcestep(L);
-       if (g->gcstate == GCSpause)  /* end of cycle? */
-         res = 1;  /* signal it */
+      else {  /* add 'data' to total debt */
+        debt = cast(l_mem, data) * 1024 + g->GCdebt;
+        luaE_setdebt(g, debt);
+        luaC_checkGC(L);
       }
+      g->gcrunning = oldrunning;  /* restore previous state */
+      if (debt > 0 && g->gcstate == GCSpause)  /* end of cycle? */
+        res = 1;  /* signal it */
       break;
     }
     case LUA_GCSETPAUSE: {
@@ -1067,13 +1087,9 @@ LUA_API int lua_gc (lua_State *L, int what, int data) {
       g->gcpause = data;
       break;
     }
-    case LUA_GCSETMAJORINC: {
-      res = g->gcmajorinc;
-      g->gcmajorinc = data;
-      break;
-    }
     case LUA_GCSETSTEPMUL: {
       res = g->gcstepmul;
+      if (data < 40) data = 40;  /* avoid ridiculous low values (and 0) */
       g->gcstepmul = data;
       break;
     }
@@ -1081,14 +1097,6 @@ LUA_API int lua_gc (lua_State *L, int what, int data) {
       res = g->gcrunning;
       break;
     }
-    case LUA_GCGEN: {  /* change collector to generational mode */
-      luaC_changemode(L, KGC_GEN);
-      break;
-    }
-    case LUA_GCINC: {  /* change collector to incremental mode */
-      luaC_changemode(L, KGC_NORMAL);
-      break;
-    }
     default: res = -1;  /* invalid option */
   }
   lua_unlock(L);
@@ -1176,23 +1184,23 @@ LUA_API void *lua_newuserdata (lua_State *L, size_t size) {
   Udata *u;
   lua_lock(L);
   luaC_checkGC(L);
-  u = luaS_newudata(L, size, NULL);
+  u = luaS_newudata(L, size);
   setuvalue(L, L->top, u);
   api_incr_top(L);
   lua_unlock(L);
-  return u + 1;
+  return getudatamem(u);
 }
 
 
 
 static const char *aux_upvalue (StkId fi, int n, TValue **val,
-                                GCObject **owner) {
+                                CClosure **owner, UpVal **uv) {
   switch (ttype(fi)) {
     case LUA_TCCL: {  /* C closure */
       CClosure *f = clCvalue(fi);
       if (!(1 <= n && n <= f->nupvalues)) return NULL;
       *val = &f->upvalue[n-1];
-      if (owner) *owner = obj2gco(f);
+      if (owner) *owner = f;
       return "";
     }
     case LUA_TLCL: {  /* Lua closure */
@@ -1201,9 +1209,9 @@ static const char *aux_upvalue (StkId fi, int n, TValue **val,
       Proto *p = f->p;
       if (!(1 <= n && n <= p->sizeupvalues)) return NULL;
       *val = f->upvals[n-1]->v;
-      if (owner) *owner = obj2gco(f->upvals[n - 1]);
+      if (uv) *uv = f->upvals[n - 1];
       name = p->upvalues[n-1].name;
-      return (name == NULL) ? "" : getstr(name);
+      return (name == NULL) ? "(*no name)" : getstr(name);
     }
     default: return NULL;  /* not a closure */
   }
@@ -1214,7 +1222,7 @@ LUA_API const char *lua_getupvalue (lua_State *L, int funcindex, int n) {
   const char *name;
   TValue *val = NULL;  /* to avoid warnings */
   lua_lock(L);
-  name = aux_upvalue(index2addr(L, funcindex), n, &val, NULL);
+  name = aux_upvalue(index2addr(L, funcindex), n, &val, NULL, NULL);
   if (name) {
     setobj2s(L, L->top, val);
     api_incr_top(L);
@@ -1227,16 +1235,18 @@ LUA_API const char *lua_getupvalue (lua_State *L, int funcindex, int n) {
 LUA_API const char *lua_setupvalue (lua_State *L, int funcindex, int n) {
   const char *name;
   TValue *val = NULL;  /* to avoid warnings */
-  GCObject *owner = NULL;  /* to avoid warnings */
+  CClosure *owner = NULL;
+  UpVal *uv = NULL;
   StkId fi;
   lua_lock(L);
   fi = index2addr(L, funcindex);
   api_checknelems(L, 1);
-  name = aux_upvalue(fi, n, &val, &owner);
+  name = aux_upvalue(fi, n, &val, &owner, &uv);
   if (name) {
     L->top--;
     setobj(L, val, L->top);
-    luaC_barrier(L, owner, L->top);
+    if (owner) { luaC_barrier(L, owner, L->top); }
+    else if (uv) { luaC_upvalbarrier(L, uv); }
   }
   lua_unlock(L);
   return name;
@@ -1278,7 +1288,11 @@ LUA_API void lua_upvaluejoin (lua_State *L, int fidx1, int n1,
   LClosure *f1;
   UpVal **up1 = getupvalref(L, fidx1, n1, &f1);
   UpVal **up2 = getupvalref(L, fidx2, n2, NULL);
+  luaC_upvdeccount(L, *up1);
   *up1 = *up2;
-  luaC_objbarrier(L, f1, *up2);
+  (*up1)->refcount++;
+  if (upisopen(*up1)) (*up1)->u.open.touched = 1;
+  luaC_upvalbarrier(L, *up1);
 }
 
+
diff --git a/lua/lapi.h b/lua/lapi.h
index c7d34ad..6d36dee 100644
--- a/lua/lapi.h
+++ b/lua/lapi.h
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
-** $Id: lapi.h,v 2.7.1.1 2013/04/12 18:48:47 roberto Exp $
+** $Id: lapi.h,v 2.9 2015/03/06 19:49:50 roberto Exp $
 ** Auxiliary functions from Lua API
 ** See Copyright Notice in lua.h
 */
diff --git a/lua/lauxlib.c b/lua/lauxlib.c
index b00f8c7..5d362c3 100644
--- a/lua/lauxlib.c
+++ b/lua/lauxlib.c
@@ -1,9 +1,14 @@
 /*
-** $Id: lauxlib.c,v 1.248.1.1 2013/04/12 18:48:47 roberto Exp $
+** $Id: lauxlib.c,v 1.284 2015/11/19 19:16:22 roberto Exp $
 ** Auxiliary functions for building Lua libraries
 ** See Copyright Notice in lua.h
 */
 
+#define lauxlib_c
+#define LUA_LIB
+
+#include "lprefix.h"
+
 
 #include <errno.h>
 #include <stdarg.h>
@@ -16,9 +21,6 @@
 ** Any function declared here could be written as an application function.
 */
 
-#define lauxlib_c
-#define LUA_LIB
-
 #include "lua.h"
 
 #include "lauxlib.h"
@@ -31,8 +33,8 @@
 */
 
 
-#define LEVELS1	12	/* size of the first part of the stack */
-#define LEVELS2	10	/* size of the second part of the stack */
+#define LEVELS1	10	/* size of the first part of the stack */
+#define LEVELS2	11	/* size of the second part of the stack */
 
 
 
@@ -64,11 +66,20 @@ static int findfield (lua_State *L, int objidx, int level) {
 }
 
 
+/*
+** Search for a name for a function in all loaded modules
+** (registry._LOADED).
+*/
 static int pushglobalfuncname (lua_State *L, lua_Debug *ar) {
   int top = lua_gettop(L);
   lua_getinfo(L, "f", ar);  /* push function */
-  lua_pushglobaltable(L);
+  lua_getfield(L, LUA_REGISTRYINDEX, "_LOADED");
   if (findfield(L, top + 1, 2)) {
+    const char *name = lua_tostring(L, -1);
+    if (strncmp(name, "_G.", 3) == 0) {  /* name start with '_G.'? */
+      lua_pushstring(L, name + 3);  /* push name without prefix */
+      lua_remove(L, -2);  /* remove original name */
+    }
     lua_copy(L, -1, top + 1);  /* move name to proper place */
     lua_pop(L, 2);  /* remove pushed values */
     return 1;
@@ -81,24 +92,22 @@ static int pushglobalfuncname (lua_State *L, lua_Debug *ar) {
 
 
 static void pushfuncname (lua_State *L, lua_Debug *ar) {
-  if (*ar->namewhat != '\0')  /* is there a name? */
-    lua_pushfstring(L, "function " LUA_QS, ar->name);
+  if (pushglobalfuncname(L, ar)) {  /* try first a global name */
+    lua_pushfstring(L, "function '%s'", lua_tostring(L, -1));
+    lua_remove(L, -2);  /* remove name */
+  }
+  else if (*ar->namewhat != '\0')  /* is there a name from code? */
+    lua_pushfstring(L, "%s '%s'", ar->namewhat, ar->name);  /* use it */
   else if (*ar->what == 'm')  /* main? */
       lua_pushliteral(L, "main chunk");
-  else if (*ar->what == 'C') {
-    if (pushglobalfuncname(L, ar)) {
-      lua_pushfstring(L, "function " LUA_QS, lua_tostring(L, -1));
-      lua_remove(L, -2);  /* remove name */
-    }
-    else
-      lua_pushliteral(L, "?");
-  }
-  else
+  else if (*ar->what != 'C')  /* for Lua functions, use <file:line> */
     lua_pushfstring(L, "function <%s:%d>", ar->short_src, ar->linedefined);
+  else  /* nothing left... */
+    lua_pushliteral(L, "?");
 }
 
 
-static int countlevels (lua_State *L) {
+static int lastlevel (lua_State *L) {
   lua_Debug ar;
   int li = 1, le = 1;
   /* find an upper bound */
@@ -117,14 +126,16 @@ LUALIB_API void luaL_traceback (lua_State *L, lua_State *L1,
                                 const char *msg, int level) {
   lua_Debug ar;
   int top = lua_gettop(L);
-  int numlevels = countlevels(L1);
-  int mark = (numlevels > LEVELS1 + LEVELS2) ? LEVELS1 : 0;
-  if (msg) lua_pushfstring(L, "%s\n", msg);
+  int last = lastlevel(L1);
+  int n1 = (last - level > LEVELS1 + LEVELS2) ? LEVELS1 : -1;
+  if (msg)
+    lua_pushfstring(L, "%s\n", msg);
+  luaL_checkstack(L, 10, NULL);
   lua_pushliteral(L, "stack traceback:");
   while (lua_getstack(L1, level++, &ar)) {
-    if (level == mark) {  /* too many levels? */
+    if (n1-- == 0) {  /* too many levels? */
       lua_pushliteral(L, "\n\t...");  /* add a '...' */
-      level = numlevels - LEVELS2;  /* and skip to last ones */
+      level = last - LEVELS2 + 1;  /* and skip to last ones */
     }
     else {
       lua_getinfo(L1, "Slnt", &ar);
@@ -150,33 +161,40 @@ LUALIB_API void luaL_traceback (lua_State *L, lua_State *L1,
 ** =======================================================
 */
 
-LUALIB_API int luaL_argerror (lua_State *L, int narg, const char *extramsg) {
+LUALIB_API int luaL_argerror (lua_State *L, int arg, const char *extramsg) {
   lua_Debug ar;
   if (!lua_getstack(L, 0, &ar))  /* no stack frame? */
-    return luaL_error(L, "bad argument #%d (%s)", narg, extramsg);
+    return luaL_error(L, "bad argument #%d (%s)", arg, extramsg);
   lua_getinfo(L, "n", &ar);
   if (strcmp(ar.namewhat, "method") == 0) {
-    narg--;  /* do not count `self' */
-    if (narg == 0)  /* error is in the self argument itself? */
-      return luaL_error(L, "calling " LUA_QS " on bad self (%s)",
+    arg--;  /* do not count 'self' */
+    if (arg == 0)  /* error is in the self argument itself? */
+      return luaL_error(L, "calling '%s' on bad self (%s)",
                            ar.name, extramsg);
   }
   if (ar.name == NULL)
     ar.name = (pushglobalfuncname(L, &ar)) ? lua_tostring(L, -1) : "?";
-  return luaL_error(L, "bad argument #%d to " LUA_QS " (%s)",
-                        narg, ar.name, extramsg);
+  return luaL_error(L, "bad argument #%d to '%s' (%s)",
+                        arg, ar.name, extramsg);
 }
 
 
-static int typeerror (lua_State *L, int narg, const char *tname) {
-  const char *msg = lua_pushfstring(L, "%s expected, got %s",
-                                    tname, luaL_typename(L, narg));
-  return luaL_argerror(L, narg, msg);
+static int typeerror (lua_State *L, int arg, const char *tname) {
+  const char *msg;
+  const char *typearg;  /* name for the type of the actual argument */
+  if (luaL_getmetafield(L, arg, "__name") == LUA_TSTRING)
+    typearg = lua_tostring(L, -1);  /* use the given type name */
+  else if (lua_type(L, arg) == LUA_TLIGHTUSERDATA)
+    typearg = "light userdata";  /* special name for messages */
+  else
+    typearg = luaL_typename(L, arg);  /* standard name */
+  msg = lua_pushfstring(L, "%s expected, got %s", tname, typearg);
+  return luaL_argerror(L, arg, msg);
 }
 
 
-static void tag_error (lua_State *L, int narg, int tag) {
-  typeerror(L, narg, lua_typename(L, tag));
+static void tag_error (lua_State *L, int arg, int tag) {
+  typeerror(L, arg, lua_typename(L, tag));
 }
 
 
@@ -222,7 +240,7 @@ LUALIB_API int luaL_fileresult (lua_State *L, int stat, const char *fname) {
 }
 
 
-#if !defined(inspectstat)	/* { */
+#if !defined(l_inspectstat)	/* { */
 
 #if defined(LUA_USE_POSIX)
 
@@ -231,13 +249,13 @@ LUALIB_API int luaL_fileresult (lua_State *L, int stat, const char *fname) {
 /*
 ** use appropriate macros to interpret 'pclose' return status
 */
-#define inspectstat(stat,what)  \
+#define l_inspectstat(stat,what)  \
    if (WIFEXITED(stat)) { stat = WEXITSTATUS(stat); } \
    else if (WIFSIGNALED(stat)) { stat = WTERMSIG(stat); what = "signal"; }
 
 #else
 
-#define inspectstat(stat,what)  /* no op */
+#define l_inspectstat(stat,what)  /* no op */
 
 #endif
 
@@ -249,7 +267,7 @@ LUALIB_API int luaL_execresult (lua_State *L, int stat) {
   if (stat == -1)  /* error? */
     return luaL_fileresult(L, 0, NULL);
   else {
-    inspectstat(stat, what);  /* interpret result */
+    l_inspectstat(stat, what);  /* interpret result */
     if (*what == 'e' && stat == 0)  /* successful termination? */
       lua_pushboolean(L, 1);
     else
@@ -270,11 +288,12 @@ LUALIB_API int luaL_execresult (lua_State *L, int stat) {
 */
 
 LUALIB_API int luaL_newmetatable (lua_State *L, const char *tname) {
-  luaL_getmetatable(L, tname);  /* try to get metatable */
-  if (!lua_isnil(L, -1))  /* name already in use? */
+  if (luaL_getmetatable(L, tname) != LUA_TNIL)  /* name already in use? */
     return 0;  /* leave previous value on top, but return 0 */
   lua_pop(L, 1);
-  lua_newtable(L);  /* create metatable */
+  lua_createtable(L, 0, 2);  /* create metatable */
+  lua_pushstring(L, tname);
+  lua_setfield(L, -2, "__name");  /* metatable.__name = tname */
   lua_pushvalue(L, -1);
   lua_setfield(L, LUA_REGISTRYINDEX, tname);  /* registry.name = metatable */
   return 1;
@@ -317,16 +336,16 @@ LUALIB_API void *luaL_checkudata (lua_State *L, int ud, const char *tname) {
 ** =======================================================
 */
 
-LUALIB_API int luaL_checkoption (lua_State *L, int narg, const char *def,
+LUALIB_API int luaL_checkoption (lua_State *L, int arg, const char *def,
                                  const char *const lst[]) {
-  const char *name = (def) ? luaL_optstring(L, narg, def) :
-                             luaL_checkstring(L, narg);
+  const char *name = (def) ? luaL_optstring(L, arg, def) :
+                             luaL_checkstring(L, arg);
   int i;
   for (i=0; lst[i]; i++)
     if (strcmp(lst[i], name) == 0)
       return i;
-  return luaL_argerror(L, narg,
-                       lua_pushfstring(L, "invalid option " LUA_QS, name));
+  return luaL_argerror(L, arg,
+                       lua_pushfstring(L, "invalid option '%s'", name));
 }
 
 
@@ -342,77 +361,71 @@ LUALIB_API void luaL_checkstack (lua_State *L, int space, const char *msg) {
 }
 
 
-LUALIB_API void luaL_checktype (lua_State *L, int narg, int t) {
-  if (lua_type(L, narg) != t)
-    tag_error(L, narg, t);
+LUALIB_API void luaL_checktype (lua_State *L, int arg, int t) {
+  if (lua_type(L, arg) != t)
+    tag_error(L, arg, t);
 }
 
 
-LUALIB_API void luaL_checkany (lua_State *L, int narg) {
-  if (lua_type(L, narg) == LUA_TNONE)
-    luaL_argerror(L, narg, "value expected");
+LUALIB_API void luaL_checkany (lua_State *L, int arg) {
+  if (lua_type(L, arg) == LUA_TNONE)
+    luaL_argerror(L, arg, "value expected");
 }
 
 
-LUALIB_API const char *luaL_checklstring (lua_State *L, int narg, size_t *len) {
-  const char *s = lua_tolstring(L, narg, len);
-  if (!s) tag_error(L, narg, LUA_TSTRING);
+LUALIB_API const char *luaL_checklstring (lua_State *L, int arg, size_t *len) {
+  const char *s = lua_tolstring(L, arg, len);
+  if (!s) tag_error(L, arg, LUA_TSTRING);
   return s;
 }
 
 
-LUALIB_API const char *luaL_optlstring (lua_State *L, int narg,
+LUALIB_API const char *luaL_optlstring (lua_State *L, int arg,
                                         const char *def, size_t *len) {
-  if (lua_isnoneornil(L, narg)) {
+  if (lua_isnoneornil(L, arg)) {
     if (len)
       *len = (def ? strlen(def) : 0);
     return def;
   }
-  else return luaL_checklstring(L, narg, len);
+  else return luaL_checklstring(L, arg, len);
 }
 
 
-LUALIB_API lua_Number luaL_checknumber (lua_State *L, int narg) {
+LUALIB_API lua_Number luaL_checknumber (lua_State *L, int arg) {
   int isnum;
-  lua_Number d = lua_tonumberx(L, narg, &isnum);
+  lua_Number d = lua_tonumberx(L, arg, &isnum);
   if (!isnum)
-    tag_error(L, narg, LUA_TNUMBER);
+    tag_error(L, arg, LUA_TNUMBER);
   return d;
 }
 
 
-LUALIB_API lua_Number luaL_optnumber (lua_State *L, int narg, lua_Number def) {
-  return luaL_opt(L, luaL_checknumber, narg, def);
+LUALIB_API lua_Number luaL_optnumber (lua_State *L, int arg, lua_Number def) {
+  return luaL_opt(L, luaL_checknumber, arg, def);
 }
 
 
-LUALIB_API lua_Integer luaL_checkinteger (lua_State *L, int narg) {
-  int isnum;
-  lua_Integer d = lua_tointegerx(L, narg, &isnum);
-  if (!isnum)
-    tag_error(L, narg, LUA_TNUMBER);
-  return d;
+static void interror (lua_State *L, int arg) {
+  if (lua_isnumber(L, arg))
+    luaL_argerror(L, arg, "number has no integer representation");
+  else
+    tag_error(L, arg, LUA_TNUMBER);
 }
 
 
-LUALIB_API lua_Unsigned luaL_checkunsigned (lua_State *L, int narg) {
+LUALIB_API lua_Integer luaL_checkinteger (lua_State *L, int arg) {
   int isnum;
-  lua_Unsigned d = lua_tounsignedx(L, narg, &isnum);
-  if (!isnum)
-    tag_error(L, narg, LUA_TNUMBER);
+  lua_Integer d = lua_tointegerx(L, arg, &isnum);
+  if (!isnum) {
+    interror(L, arg);
+  }
   return d;
 }
 
 
-LUALIB_API lua_Integer luaL_optinteger (lua_State *L, int narg,
+LUALIB_API lua_Integer luaL_optinteger (lua_State *L, int arg,
                                                       lua_Integer def) {
-  return luaL_opt(L, luaL_checkinteger, narg, def);
-}
-
-
-LUALIB_API lua_Unsigned luaL_optunsigned (lua_State *L, int narg,
-                                                        lua_Unsigned def) {
-  return luaL_opt(L, luaL_checkunsigned, narg, def);
+  return luaL_opt(L, luaL_checkinteger, arg, def);
 }
 
 /* }====================================================== */
@@ -424,6 +437,47 @@ LUALIB_API lua_Unsigned luaL_optunsigned (lua_State *L, int narg,
 ** =======================================================
 */
 
+/* userdata to box arbitrary data */
+typedef struct UBox {
+  void *box;
+  size_t bsize;
+} UBox;
+
+
+static void *resizebox (lua_State *L, int idx, size_t newsize) {
+  void *ud;
+  lua_Alloc allocf = lua_getallocf(L, &ud);
+  UBox *box = (UBox *)lua_touserdata(L, idx);
+  void *temp = allocf(ud, box->box, box->bsize, newsize);
+  if (temp == NULL && newsize > 0) {  /* allocation error? */
+    resizebox(L, idx, 0);  /* free buffer */
+    luaL_error(L, "not enough memory for buffer allocation");
+  }
+  box->box = temp;
+  box->bsize = newsize;
+  return temp;
+}
+
+
+static int boxgc (lua_State *L) {
+  resizebox(L, 1, 0);
+  return 0;
+}
+
+
+static void *newbox (lua_State *L, size_t newsize) {
+  UBox *box = (UBox *)lua_newuserdata(L, sizeof(UBox));
+  box->box = NULL;
+  box->bsize = 0;
+  if (luaL_newmetatable(L, "LUABOX")) {  /* creating metatable? */
+    lua_pushcfunction(L, boxgc);
+    lua_setfield(L, -2, "__gc");  /* metatable.__gc = boxgc */
+  }
+  lua_setmetatable(L, -2);
+  return resizebox(L, -1, newsize);
+}
+
+
 /*
 ** check whether buffer is using a userdata on the stack as a temporary
 ** buffer
@@ -444,11 +498,12 @@ LUALIB_API char *luaL_prepbuffsize (luaL_Buffer *B, size_t sz) {
     if (newsize < B->n || newsize - B->n < sz)
       luaL_error(L, "buffer too large");
     /* create larger buffer */
-    newbuff = (char *)lua_newuserdata(L, newsize * sizeof(char));
-    /* move content to new buffer */
-    memcpy(newbuff, B->b, B->n * sizeof(char));
     if (buffonstack(B))
-      lua_remove(L, -2);  /* remove old buffer */
+      newbuff = (char *)resizebox(L, -1, newsize);
+    else {  /* no buffer yet */
+      newbuff = (char *)newbox(L, newsize);
+      memcpy(newbuff, B->b, B->n * sizeof(char));  /* copy original content */
+    }
     B->b = newbuff;
     B->size = newsize;
   }
@@ -457,9 +512,11 @@ LUALIB_API char *luaL_prepbuffsize (luaL_Buffer *B, size_t sz) {
 
 
 LUALIB_API void luaL_addlstring (luaL_Buffer *B, const char *s, size_t l) {
-  char *b = luaL_prepbuffsize(B, l);
-  memcpy(b, s, l * sizeof(char));
-  luaL_addsize(B, l);
+  if (l > 0) {  /* avoid 'memcpy' when 's' can be NULL */
+    char *b = luaL_prepbuffsize(B, l);
+    memcpy(b, s, l * sizeof(char));
+    luaL_addsize(B, l);
+  }
 }
 
 
@@ -471,8 +528,10 @@ LUALIB_API void luaL_addstring (luaL_Buffer *B, const char *s) {
 LUALIB_API void luaL_pushresult (luaL_Buffer *B) {
   lua_State *L = B->L;
   lua_pushlstring(L, B->b, B->n);
-  if (buffonstack(B))
-    lua_remove(L, -2);  /* remove old buffer */
+  if (buffonstack(B)) {
+    resizebox(L, -2, 0);  /* delete old buffer */
+    lua_remove(L, -2);  /* remove its header from the stack */
+  }
 }
 
 
@@ -523,7 +582,7 @@ LUALIB_API int luaL_ref (lua_State *L, int t) {
   int ref;
   if (lua_isnil(L, -1)) {
     lua_pop(L, 1);  /* remove from stack */
-    return LUA_REFNIL;  /* `nil' has a unique fixed reference */
+    return LUA_REFNIL;  /* 'nil' has a unique fixed reference */
   }
   t = lua_absindex(L, t);
   lua_rawgeti(L, t, freelist);  /* get first free element */
@@ -562,7 +621,7 @@ LUALIB_API void luaL_unref (lua_State *L, int t, int ref) {
 typedef struct LoadF {
   int n;  /* number of pre-read characters */
   FILE *f;  /* file being read */
-  char buff[LUAL_BUFFERSIZE];  /* area for reading file */
+  char buff[BUFSIZ];  /* area for reading file */
 } LoadF;
 
 
@@ -594,7 +653,7 @@ static int errfile (lua_State *L, const char *what, int fnameindex) {
 
 
 static int skipBOM (LoadF *lf) {
-  const char *p = "\xEF\xBB\xBF";  /* Utf8 BOM mark */
+  const char *p = "\xEF\xBB\xBF";  /* UTF-8 BOM mark */
   int c;
   lf->n = 0;
   do {
@@ -655,7 +714,7 @@ LUALIB_API int luaL_loadfilex (lua_State *L, const char *filename,
   readstatus = ferror(lf.f);
   if (filename) fclose(lf.f);  /* close file (even in case of errors) */
   if (readstatus) {
-    lua_settop(L, fnameindex);  /* ignore results from `lua_load' */
+    lua_settop(L, fnameindex);  /* ignore results from 'lua_load' */
     return errfile(L, "read", fnameindex);
   }
   lua_remove(L, fnameindex);
@@ -698,23 +757,23 @@ LUALIB_API int luaL_loadstring (lua_State *L, const char *s) {
 
 LUALIB_API int luaL_getmetafield (lua_State *L, int obj, const char *event) {
   if (!lua_getmetatable(L, obj))  /* no metatable? */
-    return 0;
-  lua_pushstring(L, event);
-  lua_rawget(L, -2);
-  if (lua_isnil(L, -1)) {
-    lua_pop(L, 2);  /* remove metatable and metafield */
-    return 0;
-  }
+    return LUA_TNIL;
   else {
-    lua_remove(L, -2);  /* remove only metatable */
-    return 1;
+    int tt;
+    lua_pushstring(L, event);
+    tt = lua_rawget(L, -2);
+    if (tt == LUA_TNIL)  /* is metafield nil? */
+      lua_pop(L, 2);  /* remove metatable and metafield */
+    else
+      lua_remove(L, -2);  /* remove only metatable */
+    return tt;  /* return metafield type */
   }
 }
 
 
 LUALIB_API int luaL_callmeta (lua_State *L, int obj, const char *event) {
   obj = lua_absindex(L, obj);
-  if (!luaL_getmetafield(L, obj, event))  /* no metafield? */
+  if (luaL_getmetafield(L, obj, event) == LUA_TNIL)  /* no metafield? */
     return 0;
   lua_pushvalue(L, obj);
   lua_call(L, 1, 1);
@@ -722,13 +781,13 @@ LUALIB_API int luaL_callmeta (lua_State *L, int obj, const char *event) {
 }
 
 
-LUALIB_API int luaL_len (lua_State *L, int idx) {
-  int l;
+LUALIB_API lua_Integer luaL_len (lua_State *L, int idx) {
+  lua_Integer l;
   int isnum;
   lua_len(L, idx);
-  l = (int)lua_tointegerx(L, -1, &isnum);
+  l = lua_tointegerx(L, -1, &isnum);
   if (!isnum)
-    luaL_error(L, "object length is not a number");
+    luaL_error(L, "object length is not an integer");
   lua_pop(L, 1);  /* remove object */
   return l;
 }
@@ -737,7 +796,13 @@ LUALIB_API int luaL_len (lua_State *L, int idx) {
 LUALIB_API const char *luaL_tolstring (lua_State *L, int idx, size_t *len) {
   if (!luaL_callmeta(L, idx, "__tostring")) {  /* no metafield? */
     switch (lua_type(L, idx)) {
-      case LUA_TNUMBER:
+      case LUA_TNUMBER: {
+        if (lua_isinteger(L, idx))
+          lua_pushfstring(L, "%I", lua_tointeger(L, idx));
+        else
+          lua_pushfstring(L, "%f", lua_tonumber(L, idx));
+        break;
+      }
       case LUA_TSTRING:
         lua_pushvalue(L, idx);
         break;
@@ -772,8 +837,7 @@ static const char *luaL_findtable (lua_State *L, int idx,
     e = strchr(fname, '.');
     if (e == NULL) e = fname + strlen(fname);
     lua_pushlstring(L, fname, e - fname);
-    lua_rawget(L, -2);
-    if (lua_isnil(L, -1)) {  /* no such field? */
+    if (lua_rawget(L, -2) == LUA_TNIL) {  /* no such field? */
       lua_pop(L, 1);  /* remove this nil */
       lua_createtable(L, 0, (*e == '.' ? 1 : szhint)); /* new table for field */
       lua_pushlstring(L, fname, e - fname);
@@ -810,13 +874,12 @@ static int libsize (const luaL_Reg *l) {
 LUALIB_API void luaL_pushmodule (lua_State *L, const char *modname,
                                  int sizehint) {
   luaL_findtable(L, LUA_REGISTRYINDEX, "_LOADED", 1);  /* get _LOADED table */
-  lua_getfield(L, -1, modname);  /* get _LOADED[modname] */
-  if (!lua_istable(L, -1)) {  /* not found? */
+  if (lua_getfield(L, -1, modname) != LUA_TTABLE) {  /* no _LOADED[modname]? */
     lua_pop(L, 1);  /* remove previous result */
     /* try global variable (and create one if it does not exist) */
     lua_pushglobaltable(L);
     if (luaL_findtable(L, 0, modname, sizehint) != NULL)
-      luaL_error(L, "name conflict for module " LUA_QS, modname);
+      luaL_error(L, "name conflict for module '%s'", modname);
     lua_pushvalue(L, -1);
     lua_setfield(L, -3, modname);  /* _LOADED[modname] = new table */
   }
@@ -846,7 +909,6 @@ LUALIB_API void luaL_openlib (lua_State *L, const char *libname,
 ** Returns with only the table at the stack.
 */
 LUALIB_API void luaL_setfuncs (lua_State *L, const luaL_Reg *l, int nup) {
-  luaL_checkversion(L);
   luaL_checkstack(L, nup, "too many upvalues");
   for (; l->name != NULL; l++) {  /* fill the table with given functions */
     int i;
@@ -864,8 +926,8 @@ LUALIB_API void luaL_setfuncs (lua_State *L, const luaL_Reg *l, int nup) {
 ** into the stack
 */
 LUALIB_API int luaL_getsubtable (lua_State *L, int idx, const char *fname) {
-  lua_getfield(L, idx, fname);
-  if (lua_istable(L, -1)) return 1;  /* table already there */
+  if (lua_getfield(L, idx, fname) == LUA_TTABLE)
+    return 1;  /* table already there */
   else {
     lua_pop(L, 1);  /* remove previous result */
     idx = lua_absindex(L, idx);
@@ -878,22 +940,26 @@ LUALIB_API int luaL_getsubtable (lua_State *L, int idx, const char *fname) {
 
 
 /*
-** stripped-down 'require'. Calls 'openf' to open a module,
-** registers the result in 'package.loaded' table and, if 'glb'
-** is true, also registers the result in the global table.
+** Stripped-down 'require': After checking "loaded" table, calls 'openf'
+** to open a module, registers the result in 'package.loaded' table and,
+** if 'glb' is true, also registers the result in the global table.
 ** Leaves resulting module on the top.
 */
 LUALIB_API void luaL_requiref (lua_State *L, const char *modname,
                                lua_CFunction openf, int glb) {
-  lua_pushcfunction(L, openf);
-  lua_pushstring(L, modname);  /* argument to open function */
-  lua_call(L, 1, 1);  /* open module */
   luaL_getsubtable(L, LUA_REGISTRYINDEX, "_LOADED");
-  lua_pushvalue(L, -2);  /* make copy of module (call result) */
-  lua_setfield(L, -2, modname);  /* _LOADED[modname] = module */
-  lua_pop(L, 1);  /* remove _LOADED table */
+  lua_getfield(L, -1, modname);  /* _LOADED[modname] */
+  if (!lua_toboolean(L, -1)) {  /* package not already loaded? */
+    lua_pop(L, 1);  /* remove field */
+    lua_pushcfunction(L, openf);
+    lua_pushstring(L, modname);  /* argument to open function */
+    lua_call(L, 1, 1);  /* call 'openf' to open module */
+    lua_pushvalue(L, -1);  /* make copy of module (call result) */
+    lua_setfield(L, -3, modname);  /* _LOADED[modname] = module */
+  }
+  lua_remove(L, -2);  /* remove _LOADED table */
   if (glb) {
-    lua_pushvalue(L, -1);  /* copy of 'mod' */
+    lua_pushvalue(L, -1);  /* copy of module */
     lua_setglobal(L, modname);  /* _G[modname] = module */
   }
 }
@@ -908,7 +974,7 @@ LUALIB_API const char *luaL_gsub (lua_State *L, const char *s, const char *p,
   while ((wild = strstr(s, p)) != NULL) {
     luaL_addlstring(&b, s, wild - s);  /* push prefix */
     luaL_addstring(&b, r);  /* push replacement in place of pattern */
-    s = wild + l;  /* continue after `p' */
+    s = wild + l;  /* continue after 'p' */
   }
   luaL_addstring(&b, s);  /* push last suffix */
   luaL_pushresult(&b);
@@ -928,8 +994,8 @@ static void *l_alloc (void *ud, void *ptr, size_t osize, size_t nsize) {
 
 
 static int panic (lua_State *L) {
-  luai_writestringerror("PANIC: unprotected error in call to Lua API (%s)\n",
-                   lua_tostring(L, -1));
+  lua_writestringerror("PANIC: unprotected error in call to Lua API (%s)\n",
+                        lua_tostring(L, -1));
   return 0;  /* return to Lua to abort */
 }
 
@@ -941,19 +1007,14 @@ LUALIB_API lua_State *luaL_newstate (void) {
 }
 
 
-LUALIB_API void luaL_checkversion_ (lua_State *L, lua_Number ver) {
+LUALIB_API void luaL_checkversion_ (lua_State *L, lua_Number ver, size_t sz) {
   const lua_Number *v = lua_version(L);
+  if (sz != LUAL_NUMSIZES)  /* check numeric types */
+    luaL_error(L, "core and library have incompatible numeric types");
   if (v != lua_version(NULL))
     luaL_error(L, "multiple Lua VMs detected");
   else if (*v != ver)
     luaL_error(L, "version mismatch: app. needs %f, Lua core provides %f",
                   ver, *v);
-  /* check conversions number -> integer types */
-  lua_pushnumber(L, -(lua_Number)0x1234);
-  if (lua_tointeger(L, -1) != -0x1234 ||
-      lua_tounsigned(L, -1) != (lua_Unsigned)-0x1234)
-    luaL_error(L, "bad conversion number->int;"
-                  " must recompile Lua with proper settings");
-  lua_pop(L, 1);
 }
 
diff --git a/lua/lauxlib.h b/lua/lauxlib.h
index 0fb023b..ddb7c22 100644
--- a/lua/lauxlib.h
+++ b/lua/lauxlib.h
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
-** $Id: lauxlib.h,v 1.120.1.1 2013/04/12 18:48:47 roberto Exp $
+** $Id: lauxlib.h,v 1.129 2015/11/23 11:29:43 roberto Exp $
 ** Auxiliary functions for building Lua libraries
 ** See Copyright Notice in lua.h
 */
@@ -16,7 +16,7 @@
 
 
 
-/* extra error code for `luaL_load' */
+/* extra error code for 'luaL_load' */
 #define LUA_ERRFILE     (LUA_ERRERR+1)
 
 
@@ -26,30 +26,30 @@ typedef struct luaL_Reg {
 } luaL_Reg;
 
 
-LUALIB_API void (luaL_checkversion_) (lua_State *L, lua_Number ver);
-#define luaL_checkversion(L)	luaL_checkversion_(L, LUA_VERSION_NUM)
+#define LUAL_NUMSIZES	(sizeof(lua_Integer)*16 + sizeof(lua_Number))
+
+LUALIB_API void (luaL_checkversion_) (lua_State *L, lua_Number ver, size_t sz);
+#define luaL_checkversion(L)  \
+	  luaL_checkversion_(L, LUA_VERSION_NUM, LUAL_NUMSIZES)
 
 LUALIB_API int (luaL_getmetafield) (lua_State *L, int obj, const char *e);
 LUALIB_API int (luaL_callmeta) (lua_State *L, int obj, const char *e);
 LUALIB_API const char *(luaL_tolstring) (lua_State *L, int idx, size_t *len);
-LUALIB_API int (luaL_argerror) (lua_State *L, int numarg, const char *extramsg);
-LUALIB_API const char *(luaL_checklstring) (lua_State *L, int numArg,
+LUALIB_API int (luaL_argerror) (lua_State *L, int arg, const char *extramsg);
+LUALIB_API const char *(luaL_checklstring) (lua_State *L, int arg,
                                                           size_t *l);
-LUALIB_API const char *(luaL_optlstring) (lua_State *L, int numArg,
+LUALIB_API const char *(luaL_optlstring) (lua_State *L, int arg,
                                           const char *def, size_t *l);
-LUALIB_API lua_Number (luaL_checknumber) (lua_State *L, int numArg);
-LUALIB_API lua_Number (luaL_optnumber) (lua_State *L, int nArg, lua_Number def);
+LUALIB_API lua_Number (luaL_checknumber) (lua_State *L, int arg);
+LUALIB_API lua_Number (luaL_optnumber) (lua_State *L, int arg, lua_Number def);
 
-LUALIB_API lua_Integer (luaL_checkinteger) (lua_State *L, int numArg);
-LUALIB_API lua_Integer (luaL_optinteger) (lua_State *L, int nArg,
+LUALIB_API lua_Integer (luaL_checkinteger) (lua_State *L, int arg);
+LUALIB_API lua_Integer (luaL_optinteger) (lua_State *L, int arg,
                                           lua_Integer def);
-LUALIB_API lua_Unsigned (luaL_checkunsigned) (lua_State *L, int numArg);
-LUALIB_API lua_Unsigned (luaL_optunsigned) (lua_State *L, int numArg,
-                                            lua_Unsigned def);
 
 LUALIB_API void (luaL_checkstack) (lua_State *L, int sz, const char *msg);
-LUALIB_API void (luaL_checktype) (lua_State *L, int narg, int t);
-LUALIB_API void (luaL_checkany) (lua_State *L, int narg);
+LUALIB_API void (luaL_checktype) (lua_State *L, int arg, int t);
+LUALIB_API void (luaL_checkany) (lua_State *L, int arg);
 
 LUALIB_API int   (luaL_newmetatable) (lua_State *L, const char *tname);
 LUALIB_API void  (luaL_setmetatable) (lua_State *L, const char *tname);
@@ -59,13 +59,13 @@ LUALIB_API void *(luaL_checkudata) (lua_State *L, int ud, const char *tname);
 LUALIB_API void (luaL_where) (lua_State *L, int lvl);
 LUALIB_API int (luaL_error) (lua_State *L, const char *fmt, ...);
 
-LUALIB_API int (luaL_checkoption) (lua_State *L, int narg, const char *def,
+LUALIB_API int (luaL_checkoption) (lua_State *L, int arg, const char *def,
                                    const char *const lst[]);
 
 LUALIB_API int (luaL_fileresult) (lua_State *L, int stat, const char *fname);
 LUALIB_API int (luaL_execresult) (lua_State *L, int stat);
 
-/* pre-defined references */
+/* predefined references */
 #define LUA_NOREF       (-2)
 #define LUA_REFNIL      (-1)
 
@@ -83,7 +83,7 @@ LUALIB_API int (luaL_loadstring) (lua_State *L, const char *s);
 
 LUALIB_API lua_State *(luaL_newstate) (void);
 
-LUALIB_API int (luaL_len) (lua_State *L, int idx);
+LUALIB_API lua_Integer (luaL_len) (lua_State *L, int idx);
 
 LUALIB_API const char *(luaL_gsub) (lua_State *L, const char *s, const char *p,
                                                   const char *r);
@@ -108,16 +108,13 @@ LUALIB_API void (luaL_requiref) (lua_State *L, const char *modname,
 #define luaL_newlibtable(L,l)	\
   lua_createtable(L, 0, sizeof(l)/sizeof((l)[0]) - 1)
 
-#define luaL_newlib(L,l)	(luaL_newlibtable(L,l), luaL_setfuncs(L,l,0))
+#define luaL_newlib(L,l)  \
+  (luaL_checkversion(L), luaL_newlibtable(L,l), luaL_setfuncs(L,l,0))
 
-#define luaL_argcheck(L, cond,numarg,extramsg)	\
-		((void)((cond) || luaL_argerror(L, (numarg), (extramsg))))
+#define luaL_argcheck(L, cond,arg,extramsg)	\
+		((void)((cond) || luaL_argerror(L, (arg), (extramsg))))
 #define luaL_checkstring(L,n)	(luaL_checklstring(L, (n), NULL))
 #define luaL_optstring(L,n,d)	(luaL_optlstring(L, (n), (d), NULL))
-#define luaL_checkint(L,n)	((int)luaL_checkinteger(L, (n)))
-#define luaL_optint(L,n,d)	((int)luaL_optinteger(L, (n), (d)))
-#define luaL_checklong(L,n)	((long)luaL_checkinteger(L, (n)))
-#define luaL_optlong(L,n,d)	((long)luaL_optinteger(L, (n), (d)))
 
 #define luaL_typename(L,i)	lua_typename(L, lua_type(L,(i)))
 
@@ -207,6 +204,53 @@ LUALIB_API void (luaL_openlib) (lua_State *L, const char *libname,
 #endif
 
 
+/*
+** {==================================================================
+** "Abstraction Layer" for basic report of messages and errors
+** ===================================================================
+*/
+
+/* print a string */
+#if !defined(lua_writestring)
+#define lua_writestring(s,l)   fwrite((s), sizeof(char), (l), stdout)
+#endif
+
+/* print a newline and flush the output */
+#if !defined(lua_writeline)
+#define lua_writeline()        (lua_writestring("\n", 1), fflush(stdout))
+#endif
+
+/* print an error message */
+#if !defined(lua_writestringerror)
+#define lua_writestringerror(s,p) \
+        (fprintf(stderr, (s), (p)), fflush(stderr))
+#endif
+
+/* }================================================================== */
+
+
+/*
+** {============================================================
+** Compatibility with deprecated conversions
+** =============================================================
+*/
+#if defined(LUA_COMPAT_APIINTCASTS)
+
+#define luaL_checkunsigned(L,a)	((lua_Unsigned)luaL_checkinteger(L,a))
+#define luaL_optunsigned(L,a,d)	\
+	((lua_Unsigned)luaL_optinteger(L,a,(lua_Integer)(d)))
+
+#define luaL_checkint(L,n)	((int)luaL_checkinteger(L, (n)))
+#define luaL_optint(L,n,d)	((int)luaL_optinteger(L, (n), (d)))
+
+#define luaL_checklong(L,n)	((long)luaL_checkinteger(L, (n)))
+#define luaL_optlong(L,n,d)	((long)luaL_optinteger(L, (n), (d)))
+
+#endif
+/* }============================================================ */
+
+
+
 #endif
 
 
diff --git a/lua/lbaselib.c b/lua/lbaselib.c
index 5255b3c..861823d 100644
--- a/lua/lbaselib.c
+++ b/lua/lbaselib.c
@@ -1,9 +1,13 @@
 /*
-** $Id: lbaselib.c,v 1.276.1.1 2013/04/12 18:48:47 roberto Exp $
+** $Id: lbaselib.c,v 1.312 2015/10/29 15:21:04 roberto Exp $
 ** Basic library
 ** See Copyright Notice in lua.h
 */
 
+#define lbaselib_c
+#define LUA_LIB
+
+#include "lprefix.h"
 
 
 #include <ctype.h>
@@ -11,9 +15,6 @@
 #include <stdlib.h>
 #include <string.h>
 
-#define lbaselib_c
-#define LUA_LIB
-
 #include "lua.h"
 
 #include "lauxlib.h"
@@ -32,62 +33,74 @@ static int luaB_print (lua_State *L) {
     lua_call(L, 1, 1);
     s = lua_tolstring(L, -1, &l);  /* get result */
     if (s == NULL)
-      return luaL_error(L,
-         LUA_QL("tostring") " must return a string to " LUA_QL("print"));
-    if (i>1) luai_writestring("\t", 1);
-    luai_writestring(s, l);
+      return luaL_error(L, "'tostring' must return a string to 'print'");
+    if (i>1) lua_writestring("\t", 1);
+    lua_writestring(s, l);
     lua_pop(L, 1);  /* pop result */
   }
-  luai_writeline();
+  lua_writeline();
   return 0;
 }
 
 
 #define SPACECHARS	" \f\n\r\t\v"
 
+static const char *b_str2int (const char *s, int base, lua_Integer *pn) {
+  lua_Unsigned n = 0;
+  int neg = 0;
+  s += strspn(s, SPACECHARS);  /* skip initial spaces */
+  if (*s == '-') { s++; neg = 1; }  /* handle signal */
+  else if (*s == '+') s++;
+  if (!isalnum((unsigned char)*s))  /* no digit? */
+    return NULL;
+  do {
+    int digit = (isdigit((unsigned char)*s)) ? *s - '0'
+                   : (toupper((unsigned char)*s) - 'A') + 10;
+    if (digit >= base) return NULL;  /* invalid numeral */
+    n = n * base + digit;
+    s++;
+  } while (isalnum((unsigned char)*s));
+  s += strspn(s, SPACECHARS);  /* skip trailing spaces */
+  *pn = (lua_Integer)((neg) ? (0u - n) : n);
+  return s;
+}
+
+
 static int luaB_tonumber (lua_State *L) {
-  if (lua_isnoneornil(L, 2)) {  /* standard conversion */
-    int isnum;
-    lua_Number n = lua_tonumberx(L, 1, &isnum);
-    if (isnum) {
-      lua_pushnumber(L, n);
-      return 1;
-    }  /* else not a number; must be something */
+  if (lua_isnoneornil(L, 2)) {  /* standard conversion? */
     luaL_checkany(L, 1);
+    if (lua_type(L, 1) == LUA_TNUMBER) {  /* already a number? */
+      lua_settop(L, 1);  /* yes; return it */
+      return 1;
+    }
+    else {
+      size_t l;
+      const char *s = lua_tolstring(L, 1, &l);
+      if (s != NULL && lua_stringtonumber(L, s) == l + 1)
+        return 1;  /* successful conversion to number */
+      /* else not a number */
+    }
   }
   else {
     size_t l;
-    const char *s = luaL_checklstring(L, 1, &l);
-    const char *e = s + l;  /* end point for 's' */
-    int base = luaL_checkint(L, 2);
-    int neg = 0;
+    const char *s;
+    lua_Integer n = 0;  /* to avoid warnings */
+    lua_Integer base = luaL_checkinteger(L, 2);
+    luaL_checktype(L, 1, LUA_TSTRING);  /* no numbers as strings */
+    s = lua_tolstring(L, 1, &l);
     luaL_argcheck(L, 2 <= base && base <= 36, 2, "base out of range");
-    s += strspn(s, SPACECHARS);  /* skip initial spaces */
-    if (*s == '-') { s++; neg = 1; }  /* handle signal */
-    else if (*s == '+') s++;
-    if (isalnum((unsigned char)*s)) {
-      lua_Number n = 0;
-      do {
-        int digit = (isdigit((unsigned char)*s)) ? *s - '0'
-                       : toupper((unsigned char)*s) - 'A' + 10;
-        if (digit >= base) break;  /* invalid numeral; force a fail */
-        n = n * (lua_Number)base + (lua_Number)digit;
-        s++;
-      } while (isalnum((unsigned char)*s));
-      s += strspn(s, SPACECHARS);  /* skip trailing spaces */
-      if (s == e) {  /* no invalid trailing characters? */
-        lua_pushnumber(L, (neg) ? -n : n);
-        return 1;
-      }  /* else not a number */
+    if (b_str2int(s, (int)base, &n) == s + l) {
+      lua_pushinteger(L, n);
+      return 1;
     }  /* else not a number */
-  }
+  }  /* else not a number */
   lua_pushnil(L);  /* not a number */
   return 1;
 }
 
 
 static int luaB_error (lua_State *L) {
-  int level = luaL_optint(L, 2, 1);
+  int level = (int)luaL_optinteger(L, 2, 1);
   lua_settop(L, 1);
   if (lua_isstring(L, 1) && level > 0) {  /* add extra information? */
     luaL_where(L, level);
@@ -114,7 +127,7 @@ static int luaB_setmetatable (lua_State *L) {
   luaL_checktype(L, 1, LUA_TTABLE);
   luaL_argcheck(L, t == LUA_TNIL || t == LUA_TTABLE, 2,
                     "nil or table expected");
-  if (luaL_getmetafield(L, 1, "__metatable"))
+  if (luaL_getmetafield(L, 1, "__metatable") != LUA_TNIL)
     return luaL_error(L, "cannot change a protected metatable");
   lua_settop(L, 2);
   lua_setmetatable(L, 1);
@@ -160,19 +173,18 @@ static int luaB_rawset (lua_State *L) {
 static int luaB_collectgarbage (lua_State *L) {
   static const char *const opts[] = {"stop", "restart", "collect",
     "count", "step", "setpause", "setstepmul",
-    "setmajorinc", "isrunning", "generational", "incremental", NULL};
+    "isrunning", NULL};
   static const int optsnum[] = {LUA_GCSTOP, LUA_GCRESTART, LUA_GCCOLLECT,
     LUA_GCCOUNT, LUA_GCSTEP, LUA_GCSETPAUSE, LUA_GCSETSTEPMUL,
-    LUA_GCSETMAJORINC, LUA_GCISRUNNING, LUA_GCGEN, LUA_GCINC};
+    LUA_GCISRUNNING};
   int o = optsnum[luaL_checkoption(L, 1, "collect", opts)];
-  int ex = luaL_optint(L, 2, 0);
+  int ex = (int)luaL_optinteger(L, 2, 0);
   int res = lua_gc(L, o, ex);
   switch (o) {
     case LUA_GCCOUNT: {
       int b = lua_gc(L, LUA_GCCOUNTB, 0);
-      lua_pushnumber(L, res + ((lua_Number)b/1024));
-      lua_pushinteger(L, b);
-      return 2;
+      lua_pushnumber(L, (lua_Number)res + ((lua_Number)b/1024));
+      return 1;
     }
     case LUA_GCSTEP: case LUA_GCISRUNNING: {
       lua_pushboolean(L, res);
@@ -187,15 +199,16 @@ static int luaB_collectgarbage (lua_State *L) {
 
 
 static int luaB_type (lua_State *L) {
-  luaL_checkany(L, 1);
-  lua_pushstring(L, luaL_typename(L, 1));
+  int t = lua_type(L, 1);
+  luaL_argcheck(L, t != LUA_TNONE, 1, "value expected");
+  lua_pushstring(L, lua_typename(L, t));
   return 1;
 }
 
 
 static int pairsmeta (lua_State *L, const char *method, int iszero,
                       lua_CFunction iter) {
-  if (!luaL_getmetafield(L, 1, method)) {  /* no metamethod? */
+  if (luaL_getmetafield(L, 1, method) == LUA_TNIL) {  /* no metamethod? */
     luaL_checktype(L, 1, LUA_TTABLE);  /* argument must be a table */
     lua_pushcfunction(L, iter);  /* will return generator, */
     lua_pushvalue(L, 1);  /* state, */
@@ -227,18 +240,31 @@ static int luaB_pairs (lua_State *L) {
 }
 
 
+/*
+** Traversal function for 'ipairs'
+*/
 static int ipairsaux (lua_State *L) {
-  int i = luaL_checkint(L, 2);
-  luaL_checktype(L, 1, LUA_TTABLE);
-  i++;  /* next value */
+  lua_Integer i = luaL_checkinteger(L, 2) + 1;
   lua_pushinteger(L, i);
-  lua_rawgeti(L, 1, i);
-  return (lua_isnil(L, -1)) ? 1 : 2;
+  return (lua_geti(L, 1, i) == LUA_TNIL) ? 1 : 2;
 }
 
 
+/*
+** This function will use either 'ipairsaux' or 'ipairsaux_raw' to
+** traverse a table, depending on whether the table has metamethods
+** that can affect the traversal.
+*/
 static int luaB_ipairs (lua_State *L) {
+#if defined(LUA_COMPAT_IPAIRS)
   return pairsmeta(L, "__ipairs", 1, ipairsaux);
+#else
+  luaL_checkany(L, 1);
+  lua_pushcfunction(L, ipairsaux);  /* iteration function */
+  lua_pushvalue(L, 1);  /* state */
+  lua_pushinteger(L, 0);  /* initial value */
+  return 3;
+#endif
 }
 
 
@@ -284,7 +310,7 @@ static int luaB_loadfile (lua_State *L) {
 
 
 /*
-** Reader for generic `load' function: `lua_load' uses the
+** Reader for generic 'load' function: 'lua_load' uses the
 ** stack for internal stuff, so the reader cannot change the
 ** stack top. Instead, it keeps its resulting string in a
 ** reserved slot inside the stack.
@@ -328,7 +354,8 @@ static int luaB_load (lua_State *L) {
 /* }====================================================== */
 
 
-static int dofilecont (lua_State *L) {
+static int dofilecont (lua_State *L, int d1, lua_KContext d2) {
+  (void)d1;  (void)d2;  /* only to match 'lua_Kfunction' prototype */
   return lua_gettop(L) - 1;
 }
 
@@ -339,14 +366,20 @@ static int luaB_dofile (lua_State *L) {
   if (luaL_loadfile(L, fname) != LUA_OK)
     return lua_error(L);
   lua_callk(L, 0, LUA_MULTRET, 0, dofilecont);
-  return dofilecont(L);
+  return dofilecont(L, 0, 0);
 }
 
 
 static int luaB_assert (lua_State *L) {
-  if (!lua_toboolean(L, 1))
-    return luaL_error(L, "%s", luaL_optstring(L, 2, "assertion failed!"));
-  return lua_gettop(L);
+  if (lua_toboolean(L, 1))  /* condition is true? */
+    return lua_gettop(L);  /* return all arguments */
+  else {  /* error */
+    luaL_checkany(L, 1);  /* there must be a condition */
+    lua_remove(L, 1);  /* remove it */
+    lua_pushliteral(L, "assertion failed!");  /* default message */
+    lua_settop(L, 1);  /* leave only message (default if no other one) */
+    return luaB_error(L);  /* call 'error' */
+  }
 }
 
 
@@ -357,53 +390,57 @@ static int luaB_select (lua_State *L) {
     return 1;
   }
   else {
-    int i = luaL_checkint(L, 1);
+    lua_Integer i = luaL_checkinteger(L, 1);
     if (i < 0) i = n + i;
     else if (i > n) i = n;
     luaL_argcheck(L, 1 <= i, 1, "index out of range");
-    return n - i;
+    return n - (int)i;
   }
 }
 
 
-static int finishpcall (lua_State *L, int status) {
-  if (!lua_checkstack(L, 1)) {  /* no space for extra boolean? */
-    lua_settop(L, 0);  /* create space for return values */
-    lua_pushboolean(L, 0);
-    lua_pushstring(L, "stack overflow");
+/*
+** Continuation function for 'pcall' and 'xpcall'. Both functions
+** already pushed a 'true' before doing the call, so in case of success
+** 'finishpcall' only has to return everything in the stack minus
+** 'extra' values (where 'extra' is exactly the number of items to be
+** ignored).
+*/
+static int finishpcall (lua_State *L, int status, lua_KContext extra) {
+  if (status != LUA_OK && status != LUA_YIELD) {  /* error? */
+    lua_pushboolean(L, 0);  /* first result (false) */
+    lua_pushvalue(L, -2);  /* error message */
     return 2;  /* return false, msg */
   }
-  lua_pushboolean(L, status);  /* first result (status) */
-  lua_replace(L, 1);  /* put first result in first slot */
-  return lua_gettop(L);
-}
-
-
-static int pcallcont (lua_State *L) {
-  int status = lua_getctx(L, NULL);
-  return finishpcall(L, (status == LUA_YIELD));
+  else
+    return lua_gettop(L) - (int)extra;  /* return all results */
 }
 
 
 static int luaB_pcall (lua_State *L) {
   int status;
   luaL_checkany(L, 1);
-  lua_pushnil(L);
-  lua_insert(L, 1);  /* create space for status result */
-  status = lua_pcallk(L, lua_gettop(L) - 2, LUA_MULTRET, 0, 0, pcallcont);
-  return finishpcall(L, (status == LUA_OK));
+  lua_pushboolean(L, 1);  /* first result if no errors */
+  lua_insert(L, 1);  /* put it in place */
+  status = lua_pcallk(L, lua_gettop(L) - 2, LUA_MULTRET, 0, 0, finishpcall);
+  return finishpcall(L, status, 0);
 }
 
 
+/*
+** Do a protected call with error handling. After 'lua_rotate', the
+** stack will have <f, err, true, f, [args...]>; so, the function passes
+** 2 to 'finishpcall' to skip the 2 first values when returning results.
+*/
 static int luaB_xpcall (lua_State *L) {
   int status;
   int n = lua_gettop(L);
-  luaL_argcheck(L, n >= 2, 2, "value expected");
-  lua_pushvalue(L, 1);  /* exchange function... */
-  lua_copy(L, 2, 1);  /* ...and error handler */
-  lua_replace(L, 2);
-  status = lua_pcallk(L, n - 2, LUA_MULTRET, 1, 0, pcallcont);
-  return finishpcall(L, (status == LUA_OK));
+  luaL_checktype(L, 2, LUA_TFUNCTION);  /* check error function */
+  lua_pushboolean(L, 1);  /* first result */
+  lua_pushvalue(L, 1);  /* function */
+  lua_rotate(L, 3, 2);  /* move them below function's arguments */
+  status = lua_pcallk(L, n - 2, LUA_MULTRET, 2, 2, finishpcall);
+  return finishpcall(L, status, 2);
 }
 
 
@@ -440,19 +477,23 @@ static const luaL_Reg base_funcs[] = {
   {"tostring", luaB_tostring},
   {"type", luaB_type},
   {"xpcall", luaB_xpcall},
+  /* placeholders */
+  {"_G", NULL},
+  {"_VERSION", NULL},
   {NULL, NULL}
 };
 
 
 LUAMOD_API int luaopen_base (lua_State *L) {
-  /* set global _G */
-  lua_pushglobaltable(L);
-  lua_pushglobaltable(L);
-  lua_setfield(L, -2, "_G");
   /* open lib into global table */
+  lua_pushglobaltable(L);
   luaL_setfuncs(L, base_funcs, 0);
+  /* set global _G */
+  lua_pushvalue(L, -1);
+  lua_setfield(L, -2, "_G");
+  /* set global _VERSION */
   lua_pushliteral(L, LUA_VERSION);
-  lua_setfield(L, -2, "_VERSION");  /* set global _VERSION */
+  lua_setfield(L, -2, "_VERSION");
   return 1;
 }
 
diff --git a/lua/lbitlib.c b/lua/lbitlib.c
index 31c7b66..1cb1d5b 100644
--- a/lua/lbitlib.c
+++ b/lua/lbitlib.c
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
-** $Id: lbitlib.c,v 1.18.1.2 2013/07/09 18:01:41 roberto Exp $
+** $Id: lbitlib.c,v 1.30 2015/11/11 19:08:09 roberto Exp $
 ** Standard library for bitwise operations
 ** See Copyright Notice in lua.h
 */
@@ -7,20 +7,36 @@
 #define lbitlib_c
 #define LUA_LIB
 
+#include "lprefix.h"
+
+
 #include "lua.h"
 
 #include "lauxlib.h"
 #include "lualib.h"
 
 
+#if defined(LUA_COMPAT_BITLIB)		/* { */
+
+
+#define pushunsigned(L,n)	lua_pushinteger(L, (lua_Integer)(n))
+#define checkunsigned(L,i)	((lua_Unsigned)luaL_checkinteger(L,i))
+
+
 /* number of bits to consider in a number */
 #if !defined(LUA_NBITS)
 #define LUA_NBITS	32
 #endif
 
 
+/*
+** a lua_Unsigned with its first LUA_NBITS bits equal to 1. (Shift must
+** be made in two parts to avoid problems when LUA_NBITS is equal to the
+** number of bits in a lua_Unsigned.)
+*/
 #define ALLONES		(~(((~(lua_Unsigned)0) << (LUA_NBITS - 1)) << 1))
 
+
 /* macro to trim extra bits */
 #define trim(x)		((x) & ALLONES)
 
@@ -29,28 +45,25 @@
 #define mask(n)		(~((ALLONES << 1) << ((n) - 1)))
 
 
-typedef lua_Unsigned b_uint;
 
-
-
-static b_uint andaux (lua_State *L) {
+static lua_Unsigned andaux (lua_State *L) {
   int i, n = lua_gettop(L);
-  b_uint r = ~(b_uint)0;
+  lua_Unsigned r = ~(lua_Unsigned)0;
   for (i = 1; i <= n; i++)
-    r &= luaL_checkunsigned(L, i);
+    r &= checkunsigned(L, i);
   return trim(r);
 }
 
 
 static int b_and (lua_State *L) {
-  b_uint r = andaux(L);
-  lua_pushunsigned(L, r);
+  lua_Unsigned r = andaux(L);
+  pushunsigned(L, r);
   return 1;
 }
 
 
 static int b_test (lua_State *L) {
-  b_uint r = andaux(L);
+  lua_Unsigned r = andaux(L);
   lua_pushboolean(L, r != 0);
   return 1;
 }
@@ -58,32 +71,32 @@ static int b_test (lua_State *L) {
 
 static int b_or (lua_State *L) {
   int i, n = lua_gettop(L);
-  b_uint r = 0;
+  lua_Unsigned r = 0;
   for (i = 1; i <= n; i++)
-    r |= luaL_checkunsigned(L, i);
-  lua_pushunsigned(L, trim(r));
+    r |= checkunsigned(L, i);
+  pushunsigned(L, trim(r));
   return 1;
 }
 
 
 static int b_xor (lua_State *L) {
   int i, n = lua_gettop(L);
-  b_uint r = 0;
+  lua_Unsigned r = 0;
   for (i = 1; i <= n; i++)
-    r ^= luaL_checkunsigned(L, i);
-  lua_pushunsigned(L, trim(r));
+    r ^= checkunsigned(L, i);
+  pushunsigned(L, trim(r));
   return 1;
 }
 
 
 static int b_not (lua_State *L) {
-  b_uint r = ~luaL_checkunsigned(L, 1);
-  lua_pushunsigned(L, trim(r));
+  lua_Unsigned r = ~checkunsigned(L, 1);
+  pushunsigned(L, trim(r));
   return 1;
 }
 
 
-static int b_shift (lua_State *L, b_uint r, int i) {
+static int b_shift (lua_State *L, lua_Unsigned r, lua_Integer i) {
   if (i < 0) {  /* shift right? */
     i = -i;
     r = trim(r);
@@ -95,54 +108,54 @@ static int b_shift (lua_State *L, b_uint r, int i) {
     else r <<= i;
     r = trim(r);
   }
-  lua_pushunsigned(L, r);
+  pushunsigned(L, r);
   return 1;
 }
 
 
 static int b_lshift (lua_State *L) {
-  return b_shift(L, luaL_checkunsigned(L, 1), luaL_checkint(L, 2));
+  return b_shift(L, checkunsigned(L, 1), luaL_checkinteger(L, 2));
 }
 
 
 static int b_rshift (lua_State *L) {
-  return b_shift(L, luaL_checkunsigned(L, 1), -luaL_checkint(L, 2));
+  return b_shift(L, checkunsigned(L, 1), -luaL_checkinteger(L, 2));
 }
 
 
 static int b_arshift (lua_State *L) {
-  b_uint r = luaL_checkunsigned(L, 1);
-  int i = luaL_checkint(L, 2);
-  if (i < 0 || !(r & ((b_uint)1 << (LUA_NBITS - 1))))
+  lua_Unsigned r = checkunsigned(L, 1);
+  lua_Integer i = luaL_checkinteger(L, 2);
+  if (i < 0 || !(r & ((lua_Unsigned)1 << (LUA_NBITS - 1))))
     return b_shift(L, r, -i);
   else {  /* arithmetic shift for 'negative' number */
     if (i >= LUA_NBITS) r = ALLONES;
     else
-      r = trim((r >> i) | ~(~(b_uint)0 >> i));  /* add signal bit */
-    lua_pushunsigned(L, r);
+      r = trim((r >> i) | ~(trim(~(lua_Unsigned)0) >> i));  /* add signal bit */
+    pushunsigned(L, r);
     return 1;
   }
 }
 
 
-static int b_rot (lua_State *L, int i) {
-  b_uint r = luaL_checkunsigned(L, 1);
-  i &= (LUA_NBITS - 1);  /* i = i % NBITS */
+static int b_rot (lua_State *L, lua_Integer d) {
+  lua_Unsigned r = checkunsigned(L, 1);
+  int i = d & (LUA_NBITS - 1);  /* i = d % NBITS */
   r = trim(r);
   if (i != 0)  /* avoid undefined shift of LUA_NBITS when i == 0 */
     r = (r << i) | (r >> (LUA_NBITS - i));
-  lua_pushunsigned(L, trim(r));
+  pushunsigned(L, trim(r));
   return 1;
 }
 
 
 static int b_lrot (lua_State *L) {
-  return b_rot(L, luaL_checkint(L, 2));
+  return b_rot(L, luaL_checkinteger(L, 2));
 }
 
 
 static int b_rrot (lua_State *L) {
-  return b_rot(L, -luaL_checkint(L, 2));
+  return b_rot(L, -luaL_checkinteger(L, 2));
 }
 
 
@@ -153,36 +166,35 @@ static int b_rrot (lua_State *L) {
 ** 'width' being used uninitialized.)
 */
 static int fieldargs (lua_State *L, int farg, int *width) {
-  int f = luaL_checkint(L, farg);
-  int w = luaL_optint(L, farg + 1, 1);
+  lua_Integer f = luaL_checkinteger(L, farg);
+  lua_Integer w = luaL_optinteger(L, farg + 1, 1);
   luaL_argcheck(L, 0 <= f, farg, "field cannot be negative");
   luaL_argcheck(L, 0 < w, farg + 1, "width must be positive");
   if (f + w > LUA_NBITS)
     luaL_error(L, "trying to access non-existent bits");
-  *width = w;
-  return f;
+  *width = (int)w;
+  return (int)f;
 }
 
 
 static int b_extract (lua_State *L) {
   int w;
-  b_uint r = luaL_checkunsigned(L, 1);
+  lua_Unsigned r = trim(checkunsigned(L, 1));
   int f = fieldargs(L, 2, &w);
   r = (r >> f) & mask(w);
-  lua_pushunsigned(L, r);
+  pushunsigned(L, r);
   return 1;
 }
 
 
 static int b_replace (lua_State *L) {
   int w;
-  b_uint r = luaL_checkunsigned(L, 1);
-  b_uint v = luaL_checkunsigned(L, 2);
+  lua_Unsigned r = trim(checkunsigned(L, 1));
+  lua_Unsigned v = trim(checkunsigned(L, 2));
   int f = fieldargs(L, 3, &w);
-  int m = mask(w);
-  v &= m;  /* erase bits outside given width */
-  r = (r & ~(m << f)) | (v << f);
-  lua_pushunsigned(L, r);
+  lua_Unsigned m = mask(w);
+  r = (r & ~(m << f)) | ((v & m) << f);
+  pushunsigned(L, r);
   return 1;
 }
 
@@ -210,3 +222,12 @@ LUAMOD_API int luaopen_bit32 (lua_State *L) {
   return 1;
 }
 
+
+#else					/* }{ */
+
+
+LUAMOD_API int luaopen_bit32 (lua_State *L) {
+  return luaL_error(L, "library 'bit32' has been deprecated");
+}
+
+#endif					/* } */
diff --git a/lua/lcode.c b/lua/lcode.c
index 820b95c..7c6918f 100644
--- a/lua/lcode.c
+++ b/lua/lcode.c
@@ -1,15 +1,18 @@
 /*
-** $Id: lcode.c,v 2.62.1.1 2013/04/12 18:48:47 roberto Exp $
+** $Id: lcode.c,v 2.103 2015/11/19 19:16:22 roberto Exp $
 ** Code generator for Lua
 ** See Copyright Notice in lua.h
 */
 
-
-#include <stdlib.h>
-
 #define lcode_c
 #define LUA_CORE
 
+#include "lprefix.h"
+
+
+#include <math.h>
+#include <stdlib.h>
+
 #include "lua.h"
 
 #include "lcode.h"
@@ -26,11 +29,25 @@
 #include "lvm.h"
 
 
+/* Maximum number of registers in a Lua function (must fit in 8 bits) */
+#define MAXREGS		255
+
+
 #define hasjumps(e)	((e)->t != (e)->f)
 
 
-static int isnumeral(expdesc *e) {
-  return (e->k == VKNUM && e->t == NO_JUMP && e->f == NO_JUMP);
+static int tonumeral(expdesc *e, TValue *v) {
+  if (hasjumps(e))
+    return 0;  /* not a numeral */
+  switch (e->k) {
+    case VKINT:
+      if (v) setivalue(v, e->u.ival);
+      return 1;
+    case VKFLT:
+      if (v) setfltvalue(v, e->u.nval);
+      return 1;
+    default: return 0;
+  }
 }
 
 
@@ -88,7 +105,7 @@ static void fixjump (FuncState *fs, int pc, int dest) {
 
 
 /*
-** returns current `pc' and marks it as a jump target (to avoid wrong
+** returns current 'pc' and marks it as a jump target (to avoid wrong
 ** optimizations with consecutive instructions not in the same basic block).
 */
 int luaK_getlabel (FuncState *fs) {
@@ -176,7 +193,7 @@ void luaK_patchlist (FuncState *fs, int list, int target) {
 }
 
 
-LUAI_FUNC void luaK_patchclose (FuncState *fs, int list, int level) {
+void luaK_patchclose (FuncState *fs, int list, int level) {
   level++;  /* argument is +1 to reserve 0 as non-op */
   while (list != NO_JUMP) {
     int next = getjump(fs, list);
@@ -211,7 +228,7 @@ void luaK_concat (FuncState *fs, int *l1, int l2) {
 
 static int luaK_code (FuncState *fs, Instruction i) {
   Proto *f = fs->f;
-  dischargejpc(fs);  /* `pc' will change */
+  dischargejpc(fs);  /* 'pc' will change */
   /* put new instruction in code array */
   luaM_growvector(fs->ls->L, f->code, fs->pc, f->sizecode, Instruction,
                   MAX_INT, "opcodes");
@@ -261,8 +278,9 @@ int luaK_codek (FuncState *fs, int reg, int k) {
 void luaK_checkstack (FuncState *fs, int n) {
   int newstack = fs->freereg + n;
   if (newstack > fs->f->maxstacksize) {
-    if (newstack >= MAXSTACK)
-      luaX_syntaxerror(fs->ls, "function or expression too complex");
+    if (newstack >= MAXREGS)
+      luaX_syntaxerror(fs->ls,
+        "function or expression needs too many registers");
     fs->f->maxstacksize = cast_byte(newstack);
   }
 }
@@ -288,25 +306,28 @@ static void freeexp (FuncState *fs, expdesc *e) {
 }
 
 
+/*
+** Use scanner's table to cache position of constants in constant list
+** and try to reuse constants
+*/
 static int addk (FuncState *fs, TValue *key, TValue *v) {
   lua_State *L = fs->ls->L;
-  TValue *idx = luaH_set(L, fs->h, key);
   Proto *f = fs->f;
+  TValue *idx = luaH_set(L, fs->ls->h, key);  /* index scanner table */
   int k, oldsize;
-  if (ttisnumber(idx)) {
-    lua_Number n = nvalue(idx);
-    lua_number2int(k, n);
-    if (luaV_rawequalobj(&f->k[k], v))
-      return k;
-    /* else may be a collision (e.g., between 0.0 and "\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0");
-       go through and create a new entry for this value */
+  if (ttisinteger(idx)) {  /* is there an index there? */
+    k = cast_int(ivalue(idx));
+    /* correct value? (warning: must distinguish floats from integers!) */
+    if (k < fs->nk && ttype(&f->k[k]) == ttype(v) &&
+                      luaV_rawequalobj(&f->k[k], v))
+      return k;  /* reuse index */
   }
   /* constant not found; create a new entry */
   oldsize = f->sizek;
   k = fs->nk;
   /* numerical value does not need GC barrier;
      table has no metatable, so it does not need to invalidate cache */
-  setnvalue(idx, cast_num(k));
+  setivalue(idx, k);
   luaM_growvector(L, f->k, k, f->sizek, TValue, MAXARG_Ax, "constants");
   while (oldsize < f->sizek) setnilvalue(&f->k[oldsize++]);
   setobj(L, &f->k[k], v);
@@ -323,20 +344,23 @@ int luaK_stringK (FuncState *fs, TString *s) {
 }
 
 
-int luaK_numberK (FuncState *fs, lua_Number r) {
-  int n;
-  lua_State *L = fs->ls->L;
+/*
+** Integers use userdata as keys to avoid collision with floats with same
+** value; conversion to 'void*' used only for hashing, no "precision"
+** problems
+*/
+int luaK_intK (FuncState *fs, lua_Integer n) {
+  TValue k, o;
+  setpvalue(&k, cast(void*, cast(size_t, n)));
+  setivalue(&o, n);
+  return addk(fs, &k, &o);
+}
+
+
+static int luaK_numberK (FuncState *fs, lua_Number r) {
   TValue o;
-  setnvalue(&o, r);
-  if (r == 0 || luai_numisnan(NULL, r)) {  /* handle -0 and NaN */
-    /* use raw representation as key to avoid numeric problems */
-    setsvalue(L, L->top++, luaS_newlstr(L, (char *)&r, sizeof(r)));
-    n = addk(fs, L->top - 1, &o);
-    L->top--;
-  }
-  else
-    n = addk(fs, &o, &o);  /* regular case */
-  return n;
+  setfltvalue(&o, r);
+  return addk(fs, &o, &o);
 }
 
 
@@ -351,7 +375,7 @@ static int nilK (FuncState *fs) {
   TValue k, v;
   setnilvalue(&v);
   /* cannot use nil as key; instead use table itself to represent nil */
-  sethvalue(fs->ls->L, &k, fs->h);
+  sethvalue(fs->ls->L, &k, fs->ls->h);
   return addk(fs, &k, &v);
 }
 
@@ -433,10 +457,14 @@ static void discharge2reg (FuncState *fs, expdesc *e, int reg) {
       luaK_codek(fs, reg, e->u.info);
       break;
     }
-    case VKNUM: {
+    case VKFLT: {
       luaK_codek(fs, reg, luaK_numberK(fs, e->u.nval));
       break;
     }
+    case VKINT: {
+      luaK_codek(fs, reg, luaK_intK(fs, e->u.ival));
+      break;
+    }
     case VRELOCABLE: {
       Instruction *pc = &getcode(fs, e);
       SETARG_A(*pc, reg);
@@ -468,7 +496,7 @@ static void discharge2anyreg (FuncState *fs, expdesc *e) {
 static void exp2reg (FuncState *fs, expdesc *e, int reg) {
   discharge2reg(fs, e, reg);
   if (e->k == VJMP)
-    luaK_concat(fs, &e->t, e->u.info);  /* put this jump in `t' list */
+    luaK_concat(fs, &e->t, e->u.info);  /* put this jump in 't' list */
   if (hasjumps(e)) {
     int final;  /* position after whole expression */
     int p_f = NO_JUMP;  /* position of an eventual LOAD false */
@@ -538,13 +566,19 @@ int luaK_exp2RK (FuncState *fs, expdesc *e) {
       }
       else break;
     }
-    case VKNUM: {
+    case VKINT: {
+      e->u.info = luaK_intK(fs, e->u.ival);
+      e->k = VK;
+      goto vk;
+    }
+    case VKFLT: {
       e->u.info = luaK_numberK(fs, e->u.nval);
       e->k = VK;
-      /* go through */
     }
+    /* FALLTHROUGH */
     case VK: {
-      if (e->u.info <= MAXINDEXRK)  /* constant fits in argC? */
+     vk:
+      if (e->u.info <= MAXINDEXRK)  /* constant fits in 'argC'? */
         return RKASK(e->u.info);
       else break;
     }
@@ -627,7 +661,7 @@ void luaK_goiftrue (FuncState *fs, expdesc *e) {
       pc = e->u.info;
       break;
     }
-    case VK: case VKNUM: case VTRUE: {
+    case VK: case VKFLT: case VKINT: case VTRUE: {
       pc = NO_JUMP;  /* always true; do nothing */
       break;
     }
@@ -636,7 +670,7 @@ void luaK_goiftrue (FuncState *fs, expdesc *e) {
       break;
     }
   }
-  luaK_concat(fs, &e->f, pc);  /* insert last jump in `f' list */
+  luaK_concat(fs, &e->f, pc);  /* insert last jump in 'f' list */
   luaK_patchtohere(fs, e->t);
   e->t = NO_JUMP;
 }
@@ -659,7 +693,7 @@ void luaK_goiffalse (FuncState *fs, expdesc *e) {
       break;
     }
   }
-  luaK_concat(fs, &e->t, pc);  /* insert last jump in `t' list */
+  luaK_concat(fs, &e->t, pc);  /* insert last jump in 't' list */
   luaK_patchtohere(fs, e->f);
   e->f = NO_JUMP;
 }
@@ -672,7 +706,7 @@ static void codenot (FuncState *fs, expdesc *e) {
       e->k = VTRUE;
       break;
     }
-    case VK: case VKNUM: case VTRUE: {
+    case VK: case VKFLT: case VKINT: case VTRUE: {
       e->k = VFALSE;
       break;
     }
@@ -710,25 +744,70 @@ void luaK_indexed (FuncState *fs, expdesc *t, expdesc *k) {
 }
 
 
-static int constfolding (OpCode op, expdesc *e1, expdesc *e2) {
-  lua_Number r;
-  if (!isnumeral(e1) || !isnumeral(e2)) return 0;
-  if ((op == OP_DIV || op == OP_MOD) && e2->u.nval == 0)
-    return 0;  /* do not attempt to divide by 0 */
-  r = luaO_arith(op - OP_ADD + LUA_OPADD, e1->u.nval, e2->u.nval);
-  e1->u.nval = r;
+/*
+** return false if folding can raise an error
+*/
+static int validop (int op, TValue *v1, TValue *v2) {
+  switch (op) {
+    case LUA_OPBAND: case LUA_OPBOR: case LUA_OPBXOR:
+    case LUA_OPSHL: case LUA_OPSHR: case LUA_OPBNOT: {  /* conversion errors */
+      lua_Integer i;
+      return (tointeger(v1, &i) && tointeger(v2, &i));
+    }
+    case LUA_OPDIV: case LUA_OPIDIV: case LUA_OPMOD:  /* division by 0 */
+      return (nvalue(v2) != 0);
+    default: return 1;  /* everything else is valid */
+  }
+}
+
+
+/*
+** Try to "constant-fold" an operation; return 1 iff successful
+*/
+static int constfolding (FuncState *fs, int op, expdesc *e1, expdesc *e2) {
+  TValue v1, v2, res;
+  if (!tonumeral(e1, &v1) || !tonumeral(e2, &v2) || !validop(op, &v1, &v2))
+    return 0;  /* non-numeric operands or not safe to fold */
+  luaO_arith(fs->ls->L, op, &v1, &v2, &res);  /* does operation */
+  if (ttisinteger(&res)) {
+    e1->k = VKINT;
+    e1->u.ival = ivalue(&res);
+  }
+  else {  /* folds neither NaN nor 0.0 (to avoid collapsing with -0.0) */
+    lua_Number n = fltvalue(&res);
+    if (luai_numisnan(n) || n == 0)
+      return 0;
+    e1->k = VKFLT;
+    e1->u.nval = n;
+  }
   return 1;
 }
 
 
-static void codearith (FuncState *fs, OpCode op,
-                       expdesc *e1, expdesc *e2, int line) {
-  if (constfolding(op, e1, e2))
-    return;
+/*
+** Code for binary and unary expressions that "produce values"
+** (arithmetic operations, bitwise operations, concat, length). First
+** try to do constant folding (only for numeric [arithmetic and
+** bitwise] operations, which is what 'lua_arith' accepts).
+** Expression to produce final result will be encoded in 'e1'.
+*/
+static void codeexpval (FuncState *fs, OpCode op,
+                        expdesc *e1, expdesc *e2, int line) {
+  lua_assert(op >= OP_ADD);
+  if (op <= OP_BNOT && constfolding(fs, (op - OP_ADD) + LUA_OPADD, e1, e2))
+    return;  /* result has been folded */
   else {
-    int o2 = (op != OP_UNM && op != OP_LEN) ? luaK_exp2RK(fs, e2) : 0;
-    int o1 = luaK_exp2RK(fs, e1);
-    if (o1 > o2) {
+    int o1, o2;
+    /* move operands to registers (if needed) */
+    if (op == OP_UNM || op == OP_BNOT || op == OP_LEN) {  /* unary op? */
+      o2 = 0;  /* no second expression */
+      o1 = luaK_exp2anyreg(fs, e1);  /* cannot operate on constants */
+    }
+    else {  /* regular case (binary operators) */
+      o2 = luaK_exp2RK(fs, e2);  /* both operands are "RK" */
+      o1 = luaK_exp2RK(fs, e1);
+    }
+    if (o1 > o2) {  /* free registers in proper order */
       freeexp(fs, e1);
       freeexp(fs, e2);
     }
@@ -736,8 +815,8 @@ static void codearith (FuncState *fs, OpCode op,
       freeexp(fs, e2);
       freeexp(fs, e1);
     }
-    e1->u.info = luaK_codeABC(fs, op, 0, o1, o2);
-    e1->k = VRELOCABLE;
+    e1->u.info = luaK_codeABC(fs, op, 0, o1, o2);  /* generate opcode */
+    e1->k = VRELOCABLE;  /* all those operations are relocatable */
     luaK_fixline(fs, line);
   }
 }
@@ -750,7 +829,7 @@ static void codecomp (FuncState *fs, OpCode op, int cond, expdesc *e1,
   freeexp(fs, e2);
   freeexp(fs, e1);
   if (cond == 0 && op != OP_EQ) {
-    int temp;  /* exchange args to replace by `<' or `<=' */
+    int temp;  /* exchange args to replace by '<' or '<=' */
     temp = o1; o1 = o2; o2 = temp;  /* o1 <==> o2 */
     cond = 1;
   }
@@ -761,23 +840,13 @@ static void codecomp (FuncState *fs, OpCode op, int cond, expdesc *e1,
 
 void luaK_prefix (FuncState *fs, UnOpr op, expdesc *e, int line) {
   expdesc e2;
-  e2.t = e2.f = NO_JUMP; e2.k = VKNUM; e2.u.nval = 0;
+  e2.t = e2.f = NO_JUMP; e2.k = VKINT; e2.u.ival = 0;
   switch (op) {
-    case OPR_MINUS: {
-      if (isnumeral(e))  /* minus constant? */
-        e->u.nval = luai_numunm(NULL, e->u.nval);  /* fold it */
-      else {
-        luaK_exp2anyreg(fs, e);
-        codearith(fs, OP_UNM, e, &e2, line);
-      }
+    case OPR_MINUS: case OPR_BNOT: case OPR_LEN: {
+      codeexpval(fs, cast(OpCode, (op - OPR_MINUS) + OP_UNM), e, &e2, line);
       break;
     }
     case OPR_NOT: codenot(fs, e); break;
-    case OPR_LEN: {
-      luaK_exp2anyreg(fs, e);  /* cannot operate on constants */
-      codearith(fs, OP_LEN, e, &e2, line);
-      break;
-    }
     default: lua_assert(0);
   }
 }
@@ -794,12 +863,15 @@ void luaK_infix (FuncState *fs, BinOpr op, expdesc *v) {
       break;
     }
     case OPR_CONCAT: {
-      luaK_exp2nextreg(fs, v);  /* operand must be on the `stack' */
+      luaK_exp2nextreg(fs, v);  /* operand must be on the 'stack' */
       break;
     }
-    case OPR_ADD: case OPR_SUB: case OPR_MUL: case OPR_DIV:
-    case OPR_MOD: case OPR_POW: {
-      if (!isnumeral(v)) luaK_exp2RK(fs, v);
+    case OPR_ADD: case OPR_SUB:
+    case OPR_MUL: case OPR_DIV: case OPR_IDIV:
+    case OPR_MOD: case OPR_POW:
+    case OPR_BAND: case OPR_BOR: case OPR_BXOR:
+    case OPR_SHL: case OPR_SHR: {
+      if (!tonumeral(v, NULL)) luaK_exp2RK(fs, v);
       break;
     }
     default: {
@@ -837,21 +909,23 @@ void luaK_posfix (FuncState *fs, BinOpr op,
       }
       else {
         luaK_exp2nextreg(fs, e2);  /* operand must be on the 'stack' */
-        codearith(fs, OP_CONCAT, e1, e2, line);
+        codeexpval(fs, OP_CONCAT, e1, e2, line);
       }
       break;
     }
     case OPR_ADD: case OPR_SUB: case OPR_MUL: case OPR_DIV:
-    case OPR_MOD: case OPR_POW: {
-      codearith(fs, cast(OpCode, op - OPR_ADD + OP_ADD), e1, e2, line);
+    case OPR_IDIV: case OPR_MOD: case OPR_POW:
+    case OPR_BAND: case OPR_BOR: case OPR_BXOR:
+    case OPR_SHL: case OPR_SHR: {
+      codeexpval(fs, cast(OpCode, (op - OPR_ADD) + OP_ADD), e1, e2, line);
       break;
     }
     case OPR_EQ: case OPR_LT: case OPR_LE: {
-      codecomp(fs, cast(OpCode, op - OPR_EQ + OP_EQ), 1, e1, e2);
+      codecomp(fs, cast(OpCode, (op - OPR_EQ) + OP_EQ), 1, e1, e2);
       break;
     }
     case OPR_NE: case OPR_GT: case OPR_GE: {
-      codecomp(fs, cast(OpCode, op - OPR_NE + OP_EQ), 0, e1, e2);
+      codecomp(fs, cast(OpCode, (op - OPR_NE) + OP_EQ), 0, e1, e2);
       break;
     }
     default: lua_assert(0);
diff --git a/lua/lcode.h b/lua/lcode.h
index 6a1424c..43ab86d 100644
--- a/lua/lcode.h
+++ b/lua/lcode.h
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
-** $Id: lcode.h,v 1.58.1.1 2013/04/12 18:48:47 roberto Exp $
+** $Id: lcode.h,v 1.63 2013/12/30 20:47:58 roberto Exp $
 ** Code generator for Lua
 ** See Copyright Notice in lua.h
 */
@@ -24,7 +24,11 @@
 ** grep "ORDER OPR" if you change these enums  (ORDER OP)
 */
 typedef enum BinOpr {
-  OPR_ADD, OPR_SUB, OPR_MUL, OPR_DIV, OPR_MOD, OPR_POW,
+  OPR_ADD, OPR_SUB, OPR_MUL, OPR_MOD, OPR_POW,
+  OPR_DIV,
+  OPR_IDIV,
+  OPR_BAND, OPR_BOR, OPR_BXOR,
+  OPR_SHL, OPR_SHR,
   OPR_CONCAT,
   OPR_EQ, OPR_LT, OPR_LE,
   OPR_NE, OPR_GT, OPR_GE,
@@ -33,7 +37,7 @@ typedef enum BinOpr {
 } BinOpr;
 
 
-typedef enum UnOpr { OPR_MINUS, OPR_NOT, OPR_LEN, OPR_NOUNOPR } UnOpr;
+typedef enum UnOpr { OPR_MINUS, OPR_BNOT, OPR_NOT, OPR_LEN, OPR_NOUNOPR } UnOpr;
 
 
 #define getcode(fs,e)	((fs)->f->code[(e)->u.info])
@@ -52,7 +56,7 @@ LUAI_FUNC void luaK_nil (FuncState *fs, int from, int n);
 LUAI_FUNC void luaK_reserveregs (FuncState *fs, int n);
 LUAI_FUNC void luaK_checkstack (FuncState *fs, int n);
 LUAI_FUNC int luaK_stringK (FuncState *fs, TString *s);
-LUAI_FUNC int luaK_numberK (FuncState *fs, lua_Number r);
+LUAI_FUNC int luaK_intK (FuncState *fs, lua_Integer n);
 LUAI_FUNC void luaK_dischargevars (FuncState *fs, expdesc *e);
 LUAI_FUNC int luaK_exp2anyreg (FuncState *fs, expdesc *e);
 LUAI_FUNC void luaK_exp2anyregup (FuncState *fs, expdesc *e);
diff --git a/lua/lcorolib.c b/lua/lcorolib.c
index ce4f6ad..0c0b7fa 100644
--- a/lua/lcorolib.c
+++ b/lua/lcorolib.c
@@ -1,15 +1,16 @@
 /*
-** $Id: lcorolib.c,v 1.5.1.1 2013/04/12 18:48:47 roberto Exp $
+** $Id: lcorolib.c,v 1.9 2014/11/02 19:19:04 roberto Exp $
 ** Coroutine Library
 ** See Copyright Notice in lua.h
 */
 
+#define lcorolib_c
+#define LUA_LIB
 
-#include <stdlib.h>
+#include "lprefix.h"
 
 
-#define lcorolib_c
-#define LUA_LIB
+#include <stdlib.h>
 
 #include "lua.h"
 
@@ -17,6 +18,13 @@
 #include "lualib.h"
 
 
+static lua_State *getco (lua_State *L) {
+  lua_State *co = lua_tothread(L, 1);
+  luaL_argcheck(L, co, 1, "thread expected");
+  return co;
+}
+
+
 static int auxresume (lua_State *L, lua_State *co, int narg) {
   int status;
   if (!lua_checkstack(co, narg)) {
@@ -47,9 +55,8 @@ static int auxresume (lua_State *L, lua_State *co, int narg) {
 
 
 static int luaB_coresume (lua_State *L) {
-  lua_State *co = lua_tothread(L, 1);
+  lua_State *co = getco(L);
   int r;
-  luaL_argcheck(L, co, 1, "coroutine expected");
   r = auxresume(L, co, lua_gettop(L) - 1);
   if (r < 0) {
     lua_pushboolean(L, 0);
@@ -59,7 +66,7 @@ static int luaB_coresume (lua_State *L) {
   else {
     lua_pushboolean(L, 1);
     lua_insert(L, -(r + 1));
-    return r + 1;  /* return true + `resume' returns */
+    return r + 1;  /* return true + 'resume' returns */
   }
 }
 
@@ -102,8 +109,7 @@ static int luaB_yield (lua_State *L) {
 
 
 static int luaB_costatus (lua_State *L) {
-  lua_State *co = lua_tothread(L, 1);
-  luaL_argcheck(L, co, 1, "coroutine expected");
+  lua_State *co = getco(L);
   if (L == co) lua_pushliteral(L, "running");
   else {
     switch (lua_status(co)) {
@@ -129,6 +135,12 @@ static int luaB_costatus (lua_State *L) {
 }
 
 
+static int luaB_yieldable (lua_State *L) {
+  lua_pushboolean(L, lua_isyieldable(L));
+  return 1;
+}
+
+
 static int luaB_corunning (lua_State *L) {
   int ismain = lua_pushthread(L);
   lua_pushboolean(L, ismain);
@@ -143,6 +155,7 @@ static const luaL_Reg co_funcs[] = {
   {"status", luaB_costatus},
   {"wrap", luaB_cowrap},
   {"yield", luaB_yield},
+  {"isyieldable", luaB_yieldable},
   {NULL, NULL}
 };
 
diff --git a/lua/lctype.c b/lua/lctype.c
index 93f8cad..ae9367e 100644
--- a/lua/lctype.c
+++ b/lua/lctype.c
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
-** $Id: lctype.c,v 1.11.1.1 2013/04/12 18:48:47 roberto Exp $
+** $Id: lctype.c,v 1.12 2014/11/02 19:19:04 roberto Exp $
 ** 'ctype' functions for Lua
 ** See Copyright Notice in lua.h
 */
@@ -7,6 +7,9 @@
 #define lctype_c
 #define LUA_CORE
 
+#include "lprefix.h"
+
+
 #include "lctype.h"
 
 #if !LUA_USE_CTYPE	/* { */
diff --git a/lua/lctype.h b/lua/lctype.h
index b09b21a..99c7d12 100644
--- a/lua/lctype.h
+++ b/lua/lctype.h
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
-** $Id: lctype.h,v 1.12.1.1 2013/04/12 18:48:47 roberto Exp $
+** $Id: lctype.h,v 1.12 2011/07/15 12:50:29 roberto Exp $
 ** 'ctype' functions for Lua
 ** See Copyright Notice in lua.h
 */
diff --git a/lua/ldblib.c b/lua/ldblib.c
index 84fe3c7..786f6cd 100644
--- a/lua/ldblib.c
+++ b/lua/ldblib.c
@@ -1,26 +1,42 @@
 /*
-** $Id: ldblib.c,v 1.132.1.1 2013/04/12 18:48:47 roberto Exp $
+** $Id: ldblib.c,v 1.151 2015/11/23 11:29:43 roberto Exp $
 ** Interface from Lua to its debug API
 ** See Copyright Notice in lua.h
 */
 
+#define ldblib_c
+#define LUA_LIB
+
+#include "lprefix.h"
+
 
 #include <stdio.h>
 #include <stdlib.h>
 #include <string.h>
 
-#define ldblib_c
-#define LUA_LIB
-
 #include "lua.h"
 
 #include "lauxlib.h"
 #include "lualib.h"
 
 
-#define HOOKKEY		"_HKEY"
+/*
+** The hook table at registry[&HOOKKEY] maps threads to their current
+** hook function. (We only need the unique address of 'HOOKKEY'.)
+*/
+static const int HOOKKEY = 0;
 
 
+/*
+** If L1 != L, L1 can be in any state, and therefore there are no
+** guarantees about its stack space; any push in L1 must be
+** checked.
+*/
+static void checkstack (lua_State *L, lua_State *L1, int n) {
+  if (L != L1 && !lua_checkstack(L1, n))
+    luaL_error(L, "stack overflow");
+}
+
 
 static int db_getregistry (lua_State *L) {
   lua_pushvalue(L, LUA_REGISTRYINDEX);
@@ -57,35 +73,20 @@ static int db_getuservalue (lua_State *L) {
 
 
 static int db_setuservalue (lua_State *L) {
-  if (lua_type(L, 1) == LUA_TLIGHTUSERDATA)
-    luaL_argerror(L, 1, "full userdata expected, got light userdata");
   luaL_checktype(L, 1, LUA_TUSERDATA);
-  if (!lua_isnoneornil(L, 2))
-    luaL_checktype(L, 2, LUA_TTABLE);
+  luaL_checkany(L, 2);
   lua_settop(L, 2);
   lua_setuservalue(L, 1);
   return 1;
 }
 
 
-static void settabss (lua_State *L, const char *i, const char *v) {
-  lua_pushstring(L, v);
-  lua_setfield(L, -2, i);
-}
-
-
-static void settabsi (lua_State *L, const char *i, int v) {
-  lua_pushinteger(L, v);
-  lua_setfield(L, -2, i);
-}
-
-
-static void settabsb (lua_State *L, const char *i, int v) {
-  lua_pushboolean(L, v);
-  lua_setfield(L, -2, i);
-}
-
-
+/*
+** Auxiliary function used by several library functions: check for
+** an optional thread as function's first argument and set 'arg' with
+** 1 if this argument is present (so that functions can skip it to
+** access their other arguments)
+*/
 static lua_State *getthread (lua_State *L, int *arg) {
   if (lua_isthread(L, 1)) {
     *arg = 1;
@@ -93,44 +94,74 @@ static lua_State *getthread (lua_State *L, int *arg) {
   }
   else {
     *arg = 0;
-    return L;
+    return L;  /* function will operate over current thread */
   }
 }
 
 
+/*
+** Variations of 'lua_settable', used by 'db_getinfo' to put results
+** from 'lua_getinfo' into result table. Key is always a string;
+** value can be a string, an int, or a boolean.
+*/
+static void settabss (lua_State *L, const char *k, const char *v) {
+  lua_pushstring(L, v);
+  lua_setfield(L, -2, k);
+}
+
+static void settabsi (lua_State *L, const char *k, int v) {
+  lua_pushinteger(L, v);
+  lua_setfield(L, -2, k);
+}
+
+static void settabsb (lua_State *L, const char *k, int v) {
+  lua_pushboolean(L, v);
+  lua_setfield(L, -2, k);
+}
+
+
+/*
+** In function 'db_getinfo', the call to 'lua_getinfo' may push
+** results on the stack; later it creates the result table to put
+** these objects. Function 'treatstackoption' puts the result from
+** 'lua_getinfo' on top of the result table so that it can call
+** 'lua_setfield'.
+*/
 static void treatstackoption (lua_State *L, lua_State *L1, const char *fname) {
-  if (L == L1) {
-    lua_pushvalue(L, -2);
-    lua_remove(L, -3);
-  }
+  if (L == L1)
+    lua_rotate(L, -2, 1);  /* exchange object and table */
   else
-    lua_xmove(L1, L, 1);
-  lua_setfield(L, -2, fname);
+    lua_xmove(L1, L, 1);  /* move object to the "main" stack */
+  lua_setfield(L, -2, fname);  /* put object into table */
 }
 
 
+/*
+** Calls 'lua_getinfo' and collects all results in a new table.
+** L1 needs stack space for an optional input (function) plus
+** two optional outputs (function and line table) from function
+** 'lua_getinfo'.
+*/
 static int db_getinfo (lua_State *L) {
   lua_Debug ar;
   int arg;
   lua_State *L1 = getthread(L, &arg);
   const char *options = luaL_optstring(L, arg+2, "flnStu");
-  if (lua_isnumber(L, arg+1)) {
-    if (!lua_getstack(L1, (int)lua_tointeger(L, arg+1), &ar)) {
+  checkstack(L, L1, 3);
+  if (lua_isfunction(L, arg + 1)) {  /* info about a function? */
+    options = lua_pushfstring(L, ">%s", options);  /* add '>' to 'options' */
+    lua_pushvalue(L, arg + 1);  /* move function to 'L1' stack */
+    lua_xmove(L, L1, 1);
+  }
+  else {  /* stack level */
+    if (!lua_getstack(L1, (int)luaL_checkinteger(L, arg + 1), &ar)) {
       lua_pushnil(L);  /* level out of range */
       return 1;
     }
   }
-  else if (lua_isfunction(L, arg+1)) {
-    lua_pushfstring(L, ">%s", options);
-    options = lua_tostring(L, -1);
-    lua_pushvalue(L, arg+1);
-    lua_xmove(L, L1, 1);
-  }
-  else
-    return luaL_argerror(L, arg+1, "function or level expected");
   if (!lua_getinfo(L1, options, &ar))
     return luaL_argerror(L, arg+2, "invalid option");
-  lua_createtable(L, 0, 2);
+  lua_newtable(L);  /* table to collect results */
   if (strchr(options, 'S')) {
     settabss(L, "source", ar.source);
     settabss(L, "short_src", ar.short_src);
@@ -164,20 +195,22 @@ static int db_getlocal (lua_State *L) {
   lua_State *L1 = getthread(L, &arg);
   lua_Debug ar;
   const char *name;
-  int nvar = luaL_checkint(L, arg+2);  /* local-variable index */
+  int nvar = (int)luaL_checkinteger(L, arg + 2);  /* local-variable index */
   if (lua_isfunction(L, arg + 1)) {  /* function argument? */
     lua_pushvalue(L, arg + 1);  /* push function */
     lua_pushstring(L, lua_getlocal(L, NULL, nvar));  /* push local name */
-    return 1;
+    return 1;  /* return only name (there is no value) */
   }
   else {  /* stack-level argument */
-    if (!lua_getstack(L1, luaL_checkint(L, arg+1), &ar))  /* out of range? */
+    int level = (int)luaL_checkinteger(L, arg + 1);
+    if (!lua_getstack(L1, level, &ar))  /* out of range? */
       return luaL_argerror(L, arg+1, "level out of range");
+    checkstack(L, L1, 1);
     name = lua_getlocal(L1, &ar, nvar);
     if (name) {
-      lua_xmove(L1, L, 1);  /* push local value */
+      lua_xmove(L1, L, 1);  /* move local value */
       lua_pushstring(L, name);  /* push name */
-      lua_pushvalue(L, -2);  /* re-order */
+      lua_rotate(L, -2, 1);  /* re-order */
       return 2;
     }
     else {
@@ -190,26 +223,36 @@ static int db_getlocal (lua_State *L) {
 
 static int db_setlocal (lua_State *L) {
   int arg;
+  const char *name;
   lua_State *L1 = getthread(L, &arg);
   lua_Debug ar;
-  if (!lua_getstack(L1, luaL_checkint(L, arg+1), &ar))  /* out of range? */
+  int level = (int)luaL_checkinteger(L, arg + 1);
+  int nvar = (int)luaL_checkinteger(L, arg + 2);
+  if (!lua_getstack(L1, level, &ar))  /* out of range? */
     return luaL_argerror(L, arg+1, "level out of range");
   luaL_checkany(L, arg+3);
   lua_settop(L, arg+3);
+  checkstack(L, L1, 1);
   lua_xmove(L, L1, 1);
-  lua_pushstring(L, lua_setlocal(L1, &ar, luaL_checkint(L, arg+2)));
+  name = lua_setlocal(L1, &ar, nvar);
+  if (name == NULL)
+    lua_pop(L1, 1);  /* pop value (if not popped by 'lua_setlocal') */
+  lua_pushstring(L, name);
   return 1;
 }
 
 
+/*
+** get (if 'get' is true) or set an upvalue from a closure
+*/
 static int auxupvalue (lua_State *L, int get) {
   const char *name;
-  int n = luaL_checkint(L, 2);
-  luaL_checktype(L, 1, LUA_TFUNCTION);
+  int n = (int)luaL_checkinteger(L, 2);  /* upvalue index */
+  luaL_checktype(L, 1, LUA_TFUNCTION);  /* closure */
   name = get ? lua_getupvalue(L, 1, n) : lua_setupvalue(L, 1, n);
   if (name == NULL) return 0;
   lua_pushstring(L, name);
-  lua_insert(L, -(get+1));
+  lua_insert(L, -(get+1));  /* no-op if get is false */
   return get + 1;
 }
 
@@ -225,13 +268,15 @@ static int db_setupvalue (lua_State *L) {
 }
 
 
+/*
+** Check whether a given upvalue from a given closure exists and
+** returns its index
+*/
 static int checkupval (lua_State *L, int argf, int argnup) {
-  lua_Debug ar;
-  int nup = luaL_checkint(L, argnup);
-  luaL_checktype(L, argf, LUA_TFUNCTION);
-  lua_pushvalue(L, argf);
-  lua_getinfo(L, ">u", &ar);
-  luaL_argcheck(L, 1 <= nup && nup <= ar.nups, argnup, "invalid upvalue index");
+  int nup = (int)luaL_checkinteger(L, argnup);  /* upvalue index */
+  luaL_checktype(L, argf, LUA_TFUNCTION);  /* closure */
+  luaL_argcheck(L, (lua_getupvalue(L, argf, nup) != NULL), argnup,
+                   "invalid upvalue index");
   return nup;
 }
 
@@ -253,26 +298,29 @@ static int db_upvaluejoin (lua_State *L) {
 }
 
 
-#define gethooktable(L)	luaL_getsubtable(L, LUA_REGISTRYINDEX, HOOKKEY)
-
-
+/*
+** Call hook function registered at hook table for the current
+** thread (if there is one)
+*/
 static void hookf (lua_State *L, lua_Debug *ar) {
   static const char *const hooknames[] =
     {"call", "return", "line", "count", "tail call"};
-  gethooktable(L);
+  lua_rawgetp(L, LUA_REGISTRYINDEX, &HOOKKEY);
   lua_pushthread(L);
-  lua_rawget(L, -2);
-  if (lua_isfunction(L, -1)) {
-    lua_pushstring(L, hooknames[(int)ar->event]);
+  if (lua_rawget(L, -2) == LUA_TFUNCTION) {  /* is there a hook function? */
+    lua_pushstring(L, hooknames[(int)ar->event]);  /* push event name */
     if (ar->currentline >= 0)
-      lua_pushinteger(L, ar->currentline);
+      lua_pushinteger(L, ar->currentline);  /* push current line */
     else lua_pushnil(L);
     lua_assert(lua_getinfo(L, "lS", ar));
-    lua_call(L, 2, 0);
+    lua_call(L, 2, 0);  /* call hook function */
   }
 }
 
 
+/*
+** Convert a string mask (for 'sethook') into a bit mask
+*/
 static int makemask (const char *smask, int count) {
   int mask = 0;
   if (strchr(smask, 'c')) mask |= LUA_MASKCALL;
@@ -283,6 +331,9 @@ static int makemask (const char *smask, int count) {
 }
 
 
+/*
+** Convert a bit mask (for 'gethook') into a string mask
+*/
 static char *unmakemask (int mask, char *smask) {
   int i = 0;
   if (mask & LUA_MASKCALL) smask[i++] = 'c';
@@ -297,26 +348,30 @@ static int db_sethook (lua_State *L) {
   int arg, mask, count;
   lua_Hook func;
   lua_State *L1 = getthread(L, &arg);
-  if (lua_isnoneornil(L, arg+1)) {
+  if (lua_isnoneornil(L, arg+1)) {  /* no hook? */
     lua_settop(L, arg+1);
     func = NULL; mask = 0; count = 0;  /* turn off hooks */
   }
   else {
     const char *smask = luaL_checkstring(L, arg+2);
     luaL_checktype(L, arg+1, LUA_TFUNCTION);
-    count = luaL_optint(L, arg+3, 0);
+    count = (int)luaL_optinteger(L, arg + 3, 0);
     func = hookf; mask = makemask(smask, count);
   }
-  if (gethooktable(L) == 0) {  /* creating hook table? */
+  if (lua_rawgetp(L, LUA_REGISTRYINDEX, &HOOKKEY) == LUA_TNIL) {
+    lua_createtable(L, 0, 2);  /* create a hook table */
+    lua_pushvalue(L, -1);
+    lua_rawsetp(L, LUA_REGISTRYINDEX, &HOOKKEY);  /* set it in position */
     lua_pushstring(L, "k");
     lua_setfield(L, -2, "__mode");  /** hooktable.__mode = "k" */
     lua_pushvalue(L, -1);
     lua_setmetatable(L, -2);  /* setmetatable(hooktable) = hooktable */
   }
-  lua_pushthread(L1); lua_xmove(L1, L, 1);
-  lua_pushvalue(L, arg+1);
-  lua_rawset(L, -3);  /* set new hook */
-  lua_sethook(L1, func, mask, count);  /* set hooks */
+  checkstack(L, L1, 1);
+  lua_pushthread(L1); lua_xmove(L1, L, 1);  /* key (thread) */
+  lua_pushvalue(L, arg + 1);  /* value (hook function) */
+  lua_rawset(L, -3);  /* hooktable[L1] = new Lua hook */
+  lua_sethook(L1, func, mask, count);
   return 0;
 }
 
@@ -327,16 +382,19 @@ static int db_gethook (lua_State *L) {
   char buff[5];
   int mask = lua_gethookmask(L1);
   lua_Hook hook = lua_gethook(L1);
-  if (hook != NULL && hook != hookf)  /* external hook? */
+  if (hook == NULL)  /* no hook? */
+    lua_pushnil(L);
+  else if (hook != hookf)  /* external hook? */
     lua_pushliteral(L, "external hook");
-  else {
-    gethooktable(L);
+  else {  /* hook table must exist */
+    lua_rawgetp(L, LUA_REGISTRYINDEX, &HOOKKEY);
+    checkstack(L, L1, 1);
     lua_pushthread(L1); lua_xmove(L1, L, 1);
-    lua_rawget(L, -2);   /* get hook */
+    lua_rawget(L, -2);   /* 1st result = hooktable[L1] */
     lua_remove(L, -2);  /* remove hook table */
   }
-  lua_pushstring(L, unmakemask(mask, buff));
-  lua_pushinteger(L, lua_gethookcount(L1));
+  lua_pushstring(L, unmakemask(mask, buff));  /* 2nd result = mask */
+  lua_pushinteger(L, lua_gethookcount(L1));  /* 3rd result = count */
   return 3;
 }
 
@@ -344,13 +402,13 @@ static int db_gethook (lua_State *L) {
 static int db_debug (lua_State *L) {
   for (;;) {
     char buffer[250];
-    luai_writestringerror("%s", "lua_debug> ");
+    lua_writestringerror("%s", "lua_debug> ");
     if (fgets(buffer, sizeof(buffer), stdin) == 0 ||
         strcmp(buffer, "cont\n") == 0)
       return 0;
     if (luaL_loadbuffer(L, buffer, strlen(buffer), "=(debug command)") ||
         lua_pcall(L, 0, 0, 0))
-      luai_writestringerror("%s\n", lua_tostring(L, -1));
+      lua_writestringerror("%s\n", lua_tostring(L, -1));
     lua_settop(L, 0);  /* remove eventual returns */
   }
 }
@@ -363,7 +421,7 @@ static int db_traceback (lua_State *L) {
   if (msg == NULL && !lua_isnoneornil(L, arg + 1))  /* non-string 'msg'? */
     lua_pushvalue(L, arg + 1);  /* return it untouched */
   else {
-    int level = luaL_optint(L, arg + 2, (L == L1) ? 1 : 0);
+    int level = (int)luaL_optinteger(L, arg + 2, (L == L1) ? 1 : 0);
     luaL_traceback(L, L1, msg, level);
   }
   return 1;
diff --git a/lua/ldebug.c b/lua/ldebug.c
index 20d663e..9bd86d0 100644
--- a/lua/ldebug.c
+++ b/lua/ldebug.c
@@ -1,18 +1,19 @@
 /*
-** $Id: ldebug.c,v 2.90.1.3 2013/05/16 16:04:15 roberto Exp $
+** $Id: ldebug.c,v 2.117 2015/11/02 18:48:07 roberto Exp $
 ** Debug Interface
 ** See Copyright Notice in lua.h
 */
 
+#define ldebug_c
+#define LUA_CORE
+
+#include "lprefix.h"
+
 
 #include <stdarg.h>
 #include <stddef.h>
 #include <string.h>
 
-
-#define ldebug_c
-#define LUA_CORE
-
 #include "lua.h"
 
 #include "lapi.h"
@@ -33,6 +34,10 @@
 #define noLuaClosure(f)		((f) == NULL || (f)->c.tt == LUA_TCCL)
 
 
+/* Active Lua function (given call info) */
+#define ci_func(ci)		(clLvalue((ci)->func))
+
+
 static const char *getfuncname (lua_State *L, CallInfo *ci, const char **name);
 
 
@@ -48,9 +53,25 @@ static int currentline (CallInfo *ci) {
 
 
 /*
+** If function yielded, its 'func' can be in the 'extra' field. The
+** next function restores 'func' to its correct value for debugging
+** purposes. (It exchanges 'func' and 'extra'; so, when called again,
+** after debugging, it also "re-restores" ** 'func' to its altered value.
+*/
+static void swapextra (lua_State *L) {
+  if (L->status == LUA_YIELD) {
+    CallInfo *ci = L->ci;  /* get function that yielded */
+    StkId temp = ci->func;  /* exchange its 'func' and 'extra' values */
+    ci->func = restorestack(L, ci->extra);
+    ci->extra = savestack(L, temp);
+  }
+}
+
+
+/*
 ** this function can be called asynchronous (e.g. during a signal)
 */
-LUA_API int lua_sethook (lua_State *L, lua_Hook func, int mask, int count) {
+LUA_API void lua_sethook (lua_State *L, lua_Hook func, int mask, int count) {
   if (func == NULL || mask == 0) {  /* turn off hooks? */
     mask = 0;
     func = NULL;
@@ -61,7 +82,6 @@ LUA_API int lua_sethook (lua_State *L, lua_Hook func, int mask, int count) {
   L->basehookcount = count;
   resethookcount(L);
   L->hookmask = cast_byte(mask);
-  return 1;
 }
 
 
@@ -106,7 +126,7 @@ static const char *upvalname (Proto *p, int uv) {
 
 static const char *findvararg (CallInfo *ci, int n, StkId *pos) {
   int nparams = clLvalue(ci->func)->p->numparams;
-  if (n >= ci->u.l.base - ci->func - nparams)
+  if (n >= cast_int(ci->u.l.base - ci->func) - nparams)
     return NULL;  /* no such vararg */
   else {
     *pos = ci->func + nparams + n;
@@ -144,6 +164,7 @@ static const char *findlocal (lua_State *L, CallInfo *ci, int n,
 LUA_API const char *lua_getlocal (lua_State *L, const lua_Debug *ar, int n) {
   const char *name;
   lua_lock(L);
+  swapextra(L);
   if (ar == NULL) {  /* information about non-active function? */
     if (!isLfunction(L->top - 1))  /* not a Lua function? */
       name = NULL;
@@ -151,25 +172,30 @@ LUA_API const char *lua_getlocal (lua_State *L, const lua_Debug *ar, int n) {
       name = luaF_getlocalname(clLvalue(L->top - 1)->p, n, 0);
   }
   else {  /* active function; get information through 'ar' */
-    StkId pos = 0;  /* to avoid warnings */
+    StkId pos = NULL;  /* to avoid warnings */
     name = findlocal(L, ar->i_ci, n, &pos);
     if (name) {
       setobj2s(L, L->top, pos);
       api_incr_top(L);
     }
   }
+  swapextra(L);
   lua_unlock(L);
   return name;
 }
 
 
 LUA_API const char *lua_setlocal (lua_State *L, const lua_Debug *ar, int n) {
-  StkId pos = 0;  /* to avoid warnings */
-  const char *name = findlocal(L, ar->i_ci, n, &pos);
+  StkId pos = NULL;  /* to avoid warnings */
+  const char *name;
   lua_lock(L);
-  if (name)
+  swapextra(L);
+  name = findlocal(L, ar->i_ci, n, &pos);
+  if (name) {
     setobjs2s(L, pos, L->top - 1);
-  L->top--;  /* pop value */
+    L->top--;  /* pop value */
+  }
+  swapextra(L);
   lua_unlock(L);
   return name;
 }
@@ -269,6 +295,7 @@ LUA_API int lua_getinfo (lua_State *L, const char *what, lua_Debug *ar) {
   CallInfo *ci;
   StkId func;
   lua_lock(L);
+  swapextra(L);
   if (*what == '>') {
     ci = NULL;
     func = L->top - 1;
@@ -287,6 +314,7 @@ LUA_API int lua_getinfo (lua_State *L, const char *what, lua_Debug *ar) {
     setobjs2s(L, L->top, func);
     api_incr_top(L);
   }
+  swapextra(L);  /* correct before option 'L', which can raise a mem. error */
   if (strchr(what, 'L'))
     collectvalidlines(L, cl);
   lua_unlock(L);
@@ -366,18 +394,13 @@ static int findsetreg (Proto *p, int lastpc, int reg) {
       case OP_JMP: {
         int b = GETARG_sBx(i);
         int dest = pc + 1 + b;
-        /* jump is forward and do not skip `lastpc'? */
+        /* jump is forward and do not skip 'lastpc'? */
         if (pc < dest && dest <= lastpc) {
           if (dest > jmptarget)
             jmptarget = dest;  /* update 'jmptarget' */
         }
         break;
       }
-      case OP_TEST: {
-        if (reg == a)  /* jumped code can change 'a' */
-          setreg = filterpc(pc, jmptarget);
-        break;
-      }
       default:
         if (testAMode(op) && reg == a)  /* any instruction that set A */
           setreg = filterpc(pc, jmptarget);
@@ -443,10 +466,14 @@ static const char *getobjname (Proto *p, int lastpc, int reg,
 
 
 static const char *getfuncname (lua_State *L, CallInfo *ci, const char **name) {
-  TMS tm;
+  TMS tm = (TMS)0;  /* to avoid warnings */
   Proto *p = ci_func(ci)->p;  /* calling function */
   int pc = currentpc(ci);  /* calling instruction index */
   Instruction i = p->code[pc];  /* calling instruction */
+  if (ci->callstatus & CIST_HOOKED) {  /* was it called inside a hook? */
+    *name = "?";
+    return "hook";
+  }
   switch (GET_OPCODE(i)) {
     case OP_CALL:
     case OP_TAILCALL:  /* get function name */
@@ -456,25 +483,27 @@ static const char *getfuncname (lua_State *L, CallInfo *ci, const char **name) {
        return "for iterator";
     }
     /* all other instructions can call only through metamethods */
-    case OP_SELF:
-    case OP_GETTABUP:
-    case OP_GETTABLE: tm = TM_INDEX; break;
-    case OP_SETTABUP:
-    case OP_SETTABLE: tm = TM_NEWINDEX; break;
-    case OP_EQ: tm = TM_EQ; break;
-    case OP_ADD: tm = TM_ADD; break;
-    case OP_SUB: tm = TM_SUB; break;
-    case OP_MUL: tm = TM_MUL; break;
-    case OP_DIV: tm = TM_DIV; break;
-    case OP_MOD: tm = TM_MOD; break;
-    case OP_POW: tm = TM_POW; break;
+    case OP_SELF: case OP_GETTABUP: case OP_GETTABLE:
+      tm = TM_INDEX;
+      break;
+    case OP_SETTABUP: case OP_SETTABLE:
+      tm = TM_NEWINDEX;
+      break;
+    case OP_ADD: case OP_SUB: case OP_MUL: case OP_MOD:
+    case OP_POW: case OP_DIV: case OP_IDIV: case OP_BAND:
+    case OP_BOR: case OP_BXOR: case OP_SHL: case OP_SHR: {
+      int offset = cast_int(GET_OPCODE(i)) - cast_int(OP_ADD);  /* ORDER OP */
+      tm = cast(TMS, offset + cast_int(TM_ADD));  /* ORDER TM */
+      break;
+    }
     case OP_UNM: tm = TM_UNM; break;
+    case OP_BNOT: tm = TM_BNOT; break;
     case OP_LEN: tm = TM_LEN; break;
+    case OP_CONCAT: tm = TM_CONCAT; break;
+    case OP_EQ: tm = TM_EQ; break;
     case OP_LT: tm = TM_LT; break;
     case OP_LE: tm = TM_LE; break;
-    case OP_CONCAT: tm = TM_CONCAT; break;
-    default:
-      return NULL;  /* else no useful name can be found */
+    default: lua_assert(0);  /* other instructions cannot call a function */
   }
   *name = getstr(G(L)->tmname[tm]);
   return "metamethod";
@@ -485,17 +514,21 @@ static const char *getfuncname (lua_State *L, CallInfo *ci, const char **name) {
 
 
 /*
-** only ANSI way to check whether a pointer points to an array
-** (used only for error messages, so efficiency is not a big concern)
+** The subtraction of two potentially unrelated pointers is
+** not ISO C, but it should not crash a program; the subsequent
+** checks are ISO C and ensure a correct result.
 */
 static int isinstack (CallInfo *ci, const TValue *o) {
-  StkId p;
-  for (p = ci->u.l.base; p < ci->top; p++)
-    if (o == p) return 1;
-  return 0;
+  ptrdiff_t i = o - ci->u.l.base;
+  return (0 <= i && i < (ci->top - ci->u.l.base) && ci->u.l.base + i == o);
 }
 
 
+/*
+** Checks whether value 'o' came from an upvalue. (That can only happen
+** with instructions OP_GETTABUP/OP_SETTABUP, which operate directly on
+** upvalues.)
+*/
 static const char *getupvalname (CallInfo *ci, const TValue *o,
                                  const char **name) {
   LClosure *c = ci_func(ci);
@@ -510,10 +543,9 @@ static const char *getupvalname (CallInfo *ci, const TValue *o,
 }
 
 
-l_noret luaG_typeerror (lua_State *L, const TValue *o, const char *op) {
+static const char *varinfo (lua_State *L, const TValue *o) {
+  const char *name = NULL;  /* to avoid warnings */
   CallInfo *ci = L->ci;
-  const char *name = NULL;
-  const char *t = objtypename(o);
   const char *kind = NULL;
   if (isLua(ci)) {
     kind = getupvalname(ci, o, &name);  /* check whether 'o' is an upvalue */
@@ -521,26 +553,39 @@ l_noret luaG_typeerror (lua_State *L, const TValue *o, const char *op) {
       kind = getobjname(ci_func(ci)->p, currentpc(ci),
                         cast_int(o - ci->u.l.base), &name);
   }
-  if (kind)
-    luaG_runerror(L, "attempt to %s %s " LUA_QS " (a %s value)",
-                op, kind, name, t);
-  else
-    luaG_runerror(L, "attempt to %s a %s value", op, t);
+  return (kind) ? luaO_pushfstring(L, " (%s '%s')", kind, name) : "";
 }
 
 
-l_noret luaG_concaterror (lua_State *L, StkId p1, StkId p2) {
-  if (ttisstring(p1) || ttisnumber(p1)) p1 = p2;
-  lua_assert(!ttisstring(p1) && !ttisnumber(p1));
+l_noret luaG_typeerror (lua_State *L, const TValue *o, const char *op) {
+  const char *t = objtypename(o);
+  luaG_runerror(L, "attempt to %s a %s value%s", op, t, varinfo(L, o));
+}
+
+
+l_noret luaG_concaterror (lua_State *L, const TValue *p1, const TValue *p2) {
+  if (ttisstring(p1) || cvt2str(p1)) p1 = p2;
   luaG_typeerror(L, p1, "concatenate");
 }
 
 
-l_noret luaG_aritherror (lua_State *L, const TValue *p1, const TValue *p2) {
-  TValue temp;
-  if (luaV_tonumber(p1, &temp) == NULL)
-    p2 = p1;  /* first operand is wrong */
-  luaG_typeerror(L, p2, "perform arithmetic on");
+l_noret luaG_opinterror (lua_State *L, const TValue *p1,
+                         const TValue *p2, const char *msg) {
+  lua_Number temp;
+  if (!tonumber(p1, &temp))  /* first operand is wrong? */
+    p2 = p1;  /* now second is wrong */
+  luaG_typeerror(L, p2, msg);
+}
+
+
+/*
+** Error when both values are convertible to numbers, but not to integers
+*/
+l_noret luaG_tointerror (lua_State *L, const TValue *p1, const TValue *p2) {
+  lua_Integer temp;
+  if (!tointeger(p1, &temp))
+    p2 = p1;
+  luaG_runerror(L, "number%s has no integer representation", varinfo(L, p2));
 }
 
 
@@ -554,40 +599,75 @@ l_noret luaG_ordererror (lua_State *L, const TValue *p1, const TValue *p2) {
 }
 
 
-static void addinfo (lua_State *L, const char *msg) {
-  CallInfo *ci = L->ci;
-  if (isLua(ci)) {  /* is Lua code? */
-    char buff[LUA_IDSIZE];  /* add file:line information */
-    int line = currentline(ci);
-    TString *src = ci_func(ci)->p->source;
-    if (src)
-      luaO_chunkid(buff, getstr(src), LUA_IDSIZE);
-    else {  /* no source available; use "?" instead */
-      buff[0] = '?'; buff[1] = '\0';
-    }
-    luaO_pushfstring(L, "%s:%d: %s", buff, line, msg);
+/* add src:line information to 'msg' */
+const char *luaG_addinfo (lua_State *L, const char *msg, TString *src,
+                                        int line) {
+  char buff[LUA_IDSIZE];
+  if (src)
+    luaO_chunkid(buff, getstr(src), LUA_IDSIZE);
+  else {  /* no source available; use "?" instead */
+    buff[0] = '?'; buff[1] = '\0';
   }
+  return luaO_pushfstring(L, "%s:%d: %s", buff, line, msg);
 }
 
 
 l_noret luaG_errormsg (lua_State *L) {
   if (L->errfunc != 0) {  /* is there an error handling function? */
     StkId errfunc = restorestack(L, L->errfunc);
-    if (!ttisfunction(errfunc)) luaD_throw(L, LUA_ERRERR);
     setobjs2s(L, L->top, L->top - 1);  /* move argument */
     setobjs2s(L, L->top - 1, errfunc);  /* push function */
-    L->top++;
-    luaD_call(L, L->top - 2, 1, 0);  /* call it */
+    L->top++;  /* assume EXTRA_STACK */
+    luaD_callnoyield(L, L->top - 2, 1);  /* call it */
   }
   luaD_throw(L, LUA_ERRRUN);
 }
 
 
 l_noret luaG_runerror (lua_State *L, const char *fmt, ...) {
+  CallInfo *ci = L->ci;
+  const char *msg;
   va_list argp;
   va_start(argp, fmt);
-  addinfo(L, luaO_pushvfstring(L, fmt, argp));
+  msg = luaO_pushvfstring(L, fmt, argp);  /* format message */
   va_end(argp);
+  if (isLua(ci))  /* if Lua function, add source:line information */
+    luaG_addinfo(L, msg, ci_func(ci)->p->source, currentline(ci));
   luaG_errormsg(L);
 }
 
+
+void luaG_traceexec (lua_State *L) {
+  CallInfo *ci = L->ci;
+  lu_byte mask = L->hookmask;
+  int counthook = (--L->hookcount == 0 && (mask & LUA_MASKCOUNT));
+  if (counthook)
+    resethookcount(L);  /* reset count */
+  else if (!(mask & LUA_MASKLINE))
+    return;  /* no line hook and count != 0; nothing to be done */
+  if (ci->callstatus & CIST_HOOKYIELD) {  /* called hook last time? */
+    ci->callstatus &= ~CIST_HOOKYIELD;  /* erase mark */
+    return;  /* do not call hook again (VM yielded, so it did not move) */
+  }
+  if (counthook)
+    luaD_hook(L, LUA_HOOKCOUNT, -1);  /* call count hook */
+  if (mask & LUA_MASKLINE) {
+    Proto *p = ci_func(ci)->p;
+    int npc = pcRel(ci->u.l.savedpc, p);
+    int newline = getfuncline(p, npc);
+    if (npc == 0 ||  /* call linehook when enter a new function, */
+        ci->u.l.savedpc <= L->oldpc ||  /* when jump back (loop), or when */
+        newline != getfuncline(p, pcRel(L->oldpc, p)))  /* enter a new line */
+      luaD_hook(L, LUA_HOOKLINE, newline);  /* call line hook */
+  }
+  L->oldpc = ci->u.l.savedpc;
+  if (L->status == LUA_YIELD) {  /* did hook yield? */
+    if (counthook)
+      L->hookcount = 1;  /* undo decrement to zero */
+    ci->u.l.savedpc--;  /* undo increment (resume will increment it again) */
+    ci->callstatus |= CIST_HOOKYIELD;  /* mark that it yielded */
+    ci->func = L->top - 1;  /* protect stack below results */
+    luaD_throw(L, LUA_YIELD);
+  }
+}
+
diff --git a/lua/ldebug.h b/lua/ldebug.h
index 6445c76..0e31546 100644
--- a/lua/ldebug.h
+++ b/lua/ldebug.h
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
-** $Id: ldebug.h,v 2.7.1.1 2013/04/12 18:48:47 roberto Exp $
+** $Id: ldebug.h,v 2.14 2015/05/22 17:45:56 roberto Exp $
 ** Auxiliary functions from Debug Interface module
 ** See Copyright Notice in lua.h
 */
@@ -13,22 +13,27 @@
 
 #define pcRel(pc, p)	(cast(int, (pc) - (p)->code) - 1)
 
-#define getfuncline(f,pc)	(((f)->lineinfo) ? (f)->lineinfo[pc] : 0)
+#define getfuncline(f,pc)	(((f)->lineinfo) ? (f)->lineinfo[pc] : -1)
 
 #define resethookcount(L)	(L->hookcount = L->basehookcount)
 
-/* Active Lua function (given call info) */
-#define ci_func(ci)		(clLvalue((ci)->func))
-
 
 LUAI_FUNC l_noret luaG_typeerror (lua_State *L, const TValue *o,
                                                 const char *opname);
-LUAI_FUNC l_noret luaG_concaterror (lua_State *L, StkId p1, StkId p2);
-LUAI_FUNC l_noret luaG_aritherror (lua_State *L, const TValue *p1,
+LUAI_FUNC l_noret luaG_concaterror (lua_State *L, const TValue *p1,
+                                                  const TValue *p2);
+LUAI_FUNC l_noret luaG_opinterror (lua_State *L, const TValue *p1,
+                                                 const TValue *p2,
+                                                 const char *msg);
+LUAI_FUNC l_noret luaG_tointerror (lua_State *L, const TValue *p1,
                                                  const TValue *p2);
 LUAI_FUNC l_noret luaG_ordererror (lua_State *L, const TValue *p1,
                                                  const TValue *p2);
 LUAI_FUNC l_noret luaG_runerror (lua_State *L, const char *fmt, ...);
+LUAI_FUNC const char *luaG_addinfo (lua_State *L, const char *msg,
+                                                  TString *src, int line);
 LUAI_FUNC l_noret luaG_errormsg (lua_State *L);
+LUAI_FUNC void luaG_traceexec (lua_State *L);
+
 
 #endif
diff --git a/lua/ldo.c b/lua/ldo.c
index e9dd5fa..95efd56 100644
--- a/lua/ldo.c
+++ b/lua/ldo.c
@@ -1,17 +1,19 @@
 /*
-** $Id: ldo.c,v 2.108.1.3 2013/11/08 18:22:50 roberto Exp $
+** $Id: ldo.c,v 2.150 2015/11/19 19:16:22 roberto Exp $
 ** Stack and Call structure of Lua
 ** See Copyright Notice in lua.h
 */
 
+#define ldo_c
+#define LUA_CORE
+
+#include "lprefix.h"
+
 
 #include <setjmp.h>
 #include <stdlib.h>
 #include <string.h>
 
-#define ldo_c
-#define LUA_CORE
-
 #include "lua.h"
 
 #include "lapi.h"
@@ -33,6 +35,8 @@
 
 
 
+#define errorstatus(s)	((s) > LUA_YIELD)
+
 
 /*
 ** {======================================================
@@ -46,30 +50,33 @@
 ** C++ code, with _longjmp/_setjmp when asked to use them, and with
 ** longjmp/setjmp otherwise.
 */
-#if !defined(LUAI_THROW)
+#if !defined(LUAI_THROW)				/* { */
+
+#if defined(__cplusplus) && !defined(LUA_USE_LONGJMP)	/* { */
 
-#if defined(__cplusplus) && !defined(LUA_USE_LONGJMP)
 /* C++ exceptions */
 #define LUAI_THROW(L,c)		throw(c)
 #define LUAI_TRY(L,c,a) \
 	try { a } catch(...) { if ((c)->status == 0) (c)->status = -1; }
 #define luai_jmpbuf		int  /* dummy variable */
 
-#elif defined(LUA_USE_ULONGJMP)
-/* in Unix, try _longjmp/_setjmp (more efficient) */
+#elif defined(LUA_USE_POSIX)				/* }{ */
+
+/* in POSIX, try _longjmp/_setjmp (more efficient) */
 #define LUAI_THROW(L,c)		_longjmp((c)->b, 1)
 #define LUAI_TRY(L,c,a)		if (_setjmp((c)->b) == 0) { a }
 #define luai_jmpbuf		jmp_buf
 
-#else
-/* default handling with long jumps */
+#else							/* }{ */
+
+/* ISO C handling with long jumps */
 #define LUAI_THROW(L,c)		longjmp((c)->b, 1)
 #define LUAI_TRY(L,c,a)		if (setjmp((c)->b) == 0) { a }
 #define luai_jmpbuf		jmp_buf
 
-#endif
+#endif							/* } */
 
-#endif
+#endif							/* } */
 
 
 
@@ -106,15 +113,19 @@ l_noret luaD_throw (lua_State *L, int errcode) {
     LUAI_THROW(L, L->errorJmp);  /* jump to it */
   }
   else {  /* thread has no error handler */
+    global_State *g = G(L);
     L->status = cast_byte(errcode);  /* mark it as dead */
-    if (G(L)->mainthread->errorJmp) {  /* main thread has a handler? */
-      setobjs2s(L, G(L)->mainthread->top++, L->top - 1);  /* copy error obj. */
-      luaD_throw(G(L)->mainthread, errcode);  /* re-throw in main thread */
+    if (g->mainthread->errorJmp) {  /* main thread has a handler? */
+      setobjs2s(L, g->mainthread->top++, L->top - 1);  /* copy error obj. */
+      luaD_throw(g->mainthread, errcode);  /* re-throw in main thread */
     }
     else {  /* no handler at all; abort */
-      if (G(L)->panic) {  /* panic function? */
+      if (g->panic) {  /* panic function? */
+        seterrorobj(L, errcode, L->top);  /* assume EXTRA_STACK */
+        if (L->ci->top < L->top)
+          L->ci->top = L->top;  /* pushing msg. can break this invariant */
         lua_unlock(L);
-        G(L)->panic(L);  /* call it (last chance to jump out) */
+        g->panic(L);  /* call panic function (last chance to jump out) */
       }
       abort();
     }
@@ -139,12 +150,17 @@ int luaD_rawrunprotected (lua_State *L, Pfunc f, void *ud) {
 /* }====================================================== */
 
 
+/*
+** {==================================================================
+** Stack reallocation
+** ===================================================================
+*/
 static void correctstack (lua_State *L, TValue *oldstack) {
   CallInfo *ci;
-  GCObject *up;
+  UpVal *up;
   L->top = (L->top - oldstack) + L->stack;
-  for (up = L->openupval; up != NULL; up = up->gch.next)
-    gco2uv(up)->v = (gco2uv(up)->v - oldstack) + L->stack;
+  for (up = L->openupval; up != NULL; up = up->u.open.next)
+    up->v = (up->v - oldstack) + L->stack;
   for (ci = L->ci; ci != NULL; ci = ci->previous) {
     ci->top = (ci->top - oldstack) + L->stack;
     ci->func = (ci->func - oldstack) + L->stack;
@@ -206,14 +222,26 @@ void luaD_shrinkstack (lua_State *L) {
   int inuse = stackinuse(L);
   int goodsize = inuse + (inuse / 8) + 2*EXTRA_STACK;
   if (goodsize > LUAI_MAXSTACK) goodsize = LUAI_MAXSTACK;
-  if (inuse > LUAI_MAXSTACK ||  /* handling stack overflow? */
-      goodsize >= L->stacksize)  /* would grow instead of shrink? */
-    condmovestack(L);  /* don't change stack (change only for debugging) */
+  if (L->stacksize > LUAI_MAXSTACK)  /* was handling stack overflow? */
+    luaE_freeCI(L);  /* free all CIs (list grew because of an error) */
   else
+    luaE_shrinkCI(L);  /* shrink list */
+  if (inuse <= LUAI_MAXSTACK &&  /* not handling stack overflow? */
+      goodsize < L->stacksize)  /* trying to shrink? */
     luaD_reallocstack(L, goodsize);  /* shrink it */
+  else
+    condmovestack(L,,);  /* don't change stack (change only for debugging) */
 }
 
 
+void luaD_inctop (lua_State *L) {
+  luaD_checkstack(L, 1);
+  L->top++;
+}
+
+/* }================================================================== */
+
+
 void luaD_hook (lua_State *L, int event, int line) {
   lua_Hook hook = L->hook;
   if (hook && L->allowhook) {
@@ -258,31 +286,34 @@ static StkId adjust_varargs (lua_State *L, Proto *p, int actual) {
   int i;
   int nfixargs = p->numparams;
   StkId base, fixed;
-  lua_assert(actual >= nfixargs);
   /* move fixed parameters to final position */
-  luaD_checkstack(L, p->maxstacksize);  /* check again for new 'base' */
   fixed = L->top - actual;  /* first fixed argument */
   base = L->top;  /* final position of first argument */
-  for (i=0; i<nfixargs; i++) {
+  for (i = 0; i < nfixargs && i < actual; i++) {
     setobjs2s(L, L->top++, fixed + i);
-    setnilvalue(fixed + i);
+    setnilvalue(fixed + i);  /* erase original copy (for GC) */
   }
+  for (; i < nfixargs; i++)
+    setnilvalue(L->top++);  /* complete missing arguments */
   return base;
 }
 
 
-static StkId tryfuncTM (lua_State *L, StkId func) {
+/*
+** Check whether __call metafield of 'func' is a function. If so, put
+** it in stack below original 'func' so that 'luaD_precall' can call
+** it. Raise an error if __call metafield is not a function.
+*/
+static void tryfuncTM (lua_State *L, StkId func) {
   const TValue *tm = luaT_gettmbyobj(L, func, TM_CALL);
   StkId p;
-  ptrdiff_t funcr = savestack(L, func);
   if (!ttisfunction(tm))
     luaG_typeerror(L, func, "call");
-  /* Open a hole inside the stack at `func' */
-  for (p = L->top; p > func; p--) setobjs2s(L, p, p-1);
-  incr_top(L);
-  func = restorestack(L, funcr);  /* previous call may change stack */
+  /* Open a hole inside the stack at 'func' */
+  for (p = L->top; p > func; p--)
+    setobjs2s(L, p, p-1);
+  L->top++;  /* slot ensured by caller */
   setobj2s(L, func, tm);  /* tag method is the new function to be called */
-  return func;
 }
 
 
@@ -290,79 +321,133 @@ static StkId tryfuncTM (lua_State *L, StkId func) {
 #define next_ci(L) (L->ci = (L->ci->next ? L->ci->next : luaE_extendCI(L)))
 
 
+/* macro to check stack size, preserving 'p' */
+#define checkstackp(L,n,p)  \
+  luaD_checkstackaux(L, n, \
+    ptrdiff_t t__ = savestack(L, p);  /* save 'p' */ \
+    luaC_checkGC(L),  /* stack grow uses memory */ \
+    p = restorestack(L, t__))  /* 'pos' part: restore 'p' */
+
+
 /*
-** returns true if function has been executed (C function)
+** Prepares a function call: checks the stack, creates a new CallInfo
+** entry, fills in the relevant information, calls hook if needed.
+** If function is a C function, does the call, too. (Otherwise, leave
+** the execution ('luaV_execute') to the caller, to allow stackless
+** calls.) Returns true iff function has been executed (C function).
 */
 int luaD_precall (lua_State *L, StkId func, int nresults) {
   lua_CFunction f;
   CallInfo *ci;
-  int n;  /* number of arguments (Lua) or returns (C) */
-  ptrdiff_t funcr = savestack(L, func);
   switch (ttype(func)) {
+    case LUA_TCCL:  /* C closure */
+      f = clCvalue(func)->f;
+      goto Cfunc;
     case LUA_TLCF:  /* light C function */
       f = fvalue(func);
-      goto Cfunc;
-    case LUA_TCCL: {  /* C closure */
-      f = clCvalue(func)->f;
-     Cfunc:
-      luaD_checkstack(L, LUA_MINSTACK);  /* ensure minimum stack size */
+     Cfunc: {
+      int n;  /* number of returns */
+      checkstackp(L, LUA_MINSTACK, func);  /* ensure minimum stack size */
       ci = next_ci(L);  /* now 'enter' new function */
       ci->nresults = nresults;
-      ci->func = restorestack(L, funcr);
+      ci->func = func;
       ci->top = L->top + LUA_MINSTACK;
       lua_assert(ci->top <= L->stack_last);
       ci->callstatus = 0;
-      luaC_checkGC(L);  /* stack grow uses memory */
       if (L->hookmask & LUA_MASKCALL)
         luaD_hook(L, LUA_HOOKCALL, -1);
       lua_unlock(L);
       n = (*f)(L);  /* do the actual call */
       lua_lock(L);
       api_checknelems(L, n);
-      luaD_poscall(L, L->top - n);
+      luaD_poscall(L, ci, L->top - n, n);
       return 1;
     }
     case LUA_TLCL: {  /* Lua function: prepare its call */
       StkId base;
       Proto *p = clLvalue(func)->p;
-      n = cast_int(L->top - func) - 1;  /* number of real arguments */
-      luaD_checkstack(L, p->maxstacksize);
-      for (; n < p->numparams; n++)
-        setnilvalue(L->top++);  /* complete missing arguments */
-      if (!p->is_vararg) {
-        func = restorestack(L, funcr);
+      int n = cast_int(L->top - func) - 1;  /* number of real arguments */
+      int fsize = p->maxstacksize;  /* frame size */
+      checkstackp(L, fsize, func);
+      if (p->is_vararg != 1) {  /* do not use vararg? */
+        for (; n < p->numparams; n++)
+          setnilvalue(L->top++);  /* complete missing arguments */
         base = func + 1;
       }
-      else {
+      else
         base = adjust_varargs(L, p, n);
-        func = restorestack(L, funcr);  /* previous call can change stack */
-      }
       ci = next_ci(L);  /* now 'enter' new function */
       ci->nresults = nresults;
       ci->func = func;
       ci->u.l.base = base;
-      ci->top = base + p->maxstacksize;
+      L->top = ci->top = base + fsize;
       lua_assert(ci->top <= L->stack_last);
       ci->u.l.savedpc = p->code;  /* starting point */
       ci->callstatus = CIST_LUA;
-      L->top = ci->top;
-      luaC_checkGC(L);  /* stack grow uses memory */
       if (L->hookmask & LUA_MASKCALL)
         callhook(L, ci);
       return 0;
     }
     default: {  /* not a function */
-      func = tryfuncTM(L, func);  /* retry with 'function' tag method */
+      checkstackp(L, 1, func);  /* ensure space for metamethod */
+      tryfuncTM(L, func);  /* try to get '__call' metamethod */
       return luaD_precall(L, func, nresults);  /* now it must be a function */
     }
   }
 }
 
 
-int luaD_poscall (lua_State *L, StkId firstResult) {
+/*
+** Given 'nres' results at 'firstResult', move 'wanted' of them to 'res'.
+** Handle most typical cases (zero results for commands, one result for
+** expressions, multiple results for tail calls/single parameters)
+** separated.
+*/
+static int moveresults (lua_State *L, const TValue *firstResult, StkId res,
+                                      int nres, int wanted) {
+  switch (wanted) {  /* handle typical cases separately */
+    case 0: break;  /* nothing to move */
+    case 1: {  /* one result needed */
+      if (nres == 0)   /* no results? */
+        firstResult = luaO_nilobject;  /* adjust with nil */
+      setobjs2s(L, res, firstResult);  /* move it to proper place */
+      break;
+    }
+    case LUA_MULTRET: {
+      int i;
+      for (i = 0; i < nres; i++)  /* move all results to correct place */
+        setobjs2s(L, res + i, firstResult + i);
+      L->top = res + nres;
+      return 0;  /* wanted == LUA_MULTRET */
+    }
+    default: {
+      int i;
+      if (wanted <= nres) {  /* enough results? */
+        for (i = 0; i < wanted; i++)  /* move wanted results to correct place */
+          setobjs2s(L, res + i, firstResult + i);
+      }
+      else {  /* not enough results; use all of them plus nils */
+        for (i = 0; i < nres; i++)  /* move all results to correct place */
+          setobjs2s(L, res + i, firstResult + i);
+        for (; i < wanted; i++)  /* complete wanted number of results */
+          setnilvalue(res + i);
+      }
+      break;
+    }
+  }
+  L->top = res + wanted;  /* top points after the last result */
+  return 1;
+}
+
+
+/*
+** Finishes a function call: calls hook if necessary, removes CallInfo,
+** moves current number of results to proper place; returns 0 iff call
+** wanted multiple (variable number of) results.
+*/
+int luaD_poscall (lua_State *L, CallInfo *ci, StkId firstResult, int nres) {
   StkId res;
-  int wanted, i;
-  CallInfo *ci = L->ci;
+  int wanted = ci->nresults;
   if (L->hookmask & (LUA_MASKRET | LUA_MASKLINE)) {
     if (L->hookmask & LUA_MASKRET) {
       ptrdiff_t fr = savestack(L, firstResult);  /* hook may change stack */
@@ -372,15 +457,24 @@ int luaD_poscall (lua_State *L, StkId firstResult) {
     L->oldpc = ci->previous->u.l.savedpc;  /* 'oldpc' for caller function */
   }
   res = ci->func;  /* res == final position of 1st result */
-  wanted = ci->nresults;
-  L->ci = ci = ci->previous;  /* back to caller */
-  /* move results to correct place */
-  for (i = wanted; i != 0 && firstResult < L->top; i--)
-    setobjs2s(L, res++, firstResult++);
-  while (i-- > 0)
-    setnilvalue(res++);
-  L->top = res;
-  return (wanted - LUA_MULTRET);  /* 0 iff wanted == LUA_MULTRET */
+  L->ci = ci->previous;  /* back to caller */
+  /* move results to proper place */
+  return moveresults(L, firstResult, res, nres, wanted);
+}
+
+
+/*
+** Check appropriate error for stack overflow ("regular" overflow or
+** overflow while handling stack overflow). If 'nCalls' is larger than
+** LUAI_MAXCCALLS (which means it is handling a "regular" overflow) but
+** smaller than 9/8 of LUAI_MAXCCALLS, does not report an error (to
+** allow overflow handling to work)
+*/
+static void stackerror (lua_State *L) {
+  if (L->nCcalls == LUAI_MAXCCALLS)
+    luaG_runerror(L, "C stack overflow");
+  else if (L->nCcalls >= (LUAI_MAXCCALLS + (LUAI_MAXCCALLS>>3)))
+    luaD_throw(L, LUA_ERRERR);  /* error while handing stack error */
 }
 
 
@@ -390,53 +484,67 @@ int luaD_poscall (lua_State *L, StkId firstResult) {
 ** When returns, all the results are on the stack, starting at the original
 ** function position.
 */
-void luaD_call (lua_State *L, StkId func, int nResults, int allowyield) {
-  if (++L->nCcalls >= LUAI_MAXCCALLS) {
-    if (L->nCcalls == LUAI_MAXCCALLS)
-      luaG_runerror(L, "C stack overflow");
-    else if (L->nCcalls >= (LUAI_MAXCCALLS + (LUAI_MAXCCALLS>>3)))
-      luaD_throw(L, LUA_ERRERR);  /* error while handing stack error */
-  }
-  if (!allowyield) L->nny++;
+void luaD_call (lua_State *L, StkId func, int nResults) {
+  if (++L->nCcalls >= LUAI_MAXCCALLS)
+    stackerror(L);
   if (!luaD_precall(L, func, nResults))  /* is a Lua function? */
     luaV_execute(L);  /* call it */
-  if (!allowyield) L->nny--;
   L->nCcalls--;
 }
 
 
-static void finishCcall (lua_State *L) {
+/*
+** Similar to 'luaD_call', but does not allow yields during the call
+*/
+void luaD_callnoyield (lua_State *L, StkId func, int nResults) {
+  L->nny++;
+  luaD_call(L, func, nResults);
+  L->nny--;
+}
+
+
+/*
+** Completes the execution of an interrupted C function, calling its
+** continuation function.
+*/
+static void finishCcall (lua_State *L, int status) {
   CallInfo *ci = L->ci;
   int n;
-  lua_assert(ci->u.c.k != NULL);  /* must have a continuation */
-  lua_assert(L->nny == 0);
+  /* must have a continuation and must be able to call it */
+  lua_assert(ci->u.c.k != NULL && L->nny == 0);
+  /* error status can only happen in a protected call */
+  lua_assert((ci->callstatus & CIST_YPCALL) || status == LUA_YIELD);
   if (ci->callstatus & CIST_YPCALL) {  /* was inside a pcall? */
     ci->callstatus &= ~CIST_YPCALL;  /* finish 'lua_pcall' */
     L->errfunc = ci->u.c.old_errfunc;
   }
-  /* finish 'lua_callk'/'lua_pcall' */
+  /* finish 'lua_callk'/'lua_pcall'; CIST_YPCALL and 'errfunc' already
+     handled */
   adjustresults(L, ci->nresults);
   /* call continuation function */
-  if (!(ci->callstatus & CIST_STAT))  /* no call status? */
-    ci->u.c.status = LUA_YIELD;  /* 'default' status */
-  lua_assert(ci->u.c.status != LUA_OK);
-  ci->callstatus = (ci->callstatus & ~(CIST_YPCALL | CIST_STAT)) | CIST_YIELDED;
   lua_unlock(L);
-  n = (*ci->u.c.k)(L);
+  n = (*ci->u.c.k)(L, status, ci->u.c.ctx);
   lua_lock(L);
   api_checknelems(L, n);
   /* finish 'luaD_precall' */
-  luaD_poscall(L, L->top - n);
+  luaD_poscall(L, ci, L->top - n, n);
 }
 
 
+/*
+** Executes "full continuation" (everything in the stack) of a
+** previously interrupted coroutine until the stack is empty (or another
+** interruption long-jumps out of the loop). If the coroutine is
+** recovering from an error, 'ud' points to the error status, which must
+** be passed to the first continuation function (otherwise the default
+** status is LUA_YIELD).
+*/
 static void unroll (lua_State *L, void *ud) {
-  UNUSED(ud);
-  for (;;) {
-    if (L->ci == &L->base_ci)  /* stack is empty? */
-      return;  /* coroutine finished normally */
+  if (ud != NULL)  /* error status? */
+    finishCcall(L, *(int *)ud);  /* finish 'lua_pcallk' callee */
+  while (L->ci != &L->base_ci) {  /* something in the stack */
     if (!isLua(L->ci))  /* C function? */
-      finishCcall(L);
+      finishCcall(L, LUA_YIELD);  /* complete its execution */
     else {  /* Lua function */
       luaV_finishOp(L);  /* finish interrupted instruction */
       luaV_execute(L);  /* execute down to higher C 'boundary' */
@@ -446,7 +554,8 @@ static void unroll (lua_State *L, void *ud) {
 
 
 /*
-** check whether thread has a suspended protected call
+** Try to find a suspended protected call (a "recover point") for the
+** given thread.
 */
 static CallInfo *findpcall (lua_State *L) {
   CallInfo *ci;
@@ -458,6 +567,11 @@ static CallInfo *findpcall (lua_State *L) {
 }
 
 
+/*
+** Recovers from an error in a coroutine. Finds a recover point (if
+** there is one) and completes the execution of the interrupted
+** 'luaD_pcall'. If there is no recover point, returns zero.
+*/
 static int recover (lua_State *L, int status) {
   StkId oldtop;
   CallInfo *ci = findpcall(L);
@@ -467,12 +581,10 @@ static int recover (lua_State *L, int status) {
   luaF_close(L, oldtop);
   seterrorobj(L, status, oldtop);
   L->ci = ci;
-  L->allowhook = ci->u.c.old_allowhook;
+  L->allowhook = getoah(ci->callstatus);  /* restore original 'allowhook' */
   L->nny = 0;  /* should be zero to be yieldable */
   luaD_shrinkstack(L);
   L->errfunc = ci->u.c.old_errfunc;
-  ci->callstatus |= CIST_STAT;  /* call has error status */
-  ci->u.c.status = status;  /* (here it is) */
   return 1;  /* continue running the coroutine */
 }
 
@@ -491,11 +603,16 @@ static l_noret resume_error (lua_State *L, const char *msg, StkId firstArg) {
 
 
 /*
-** do the work for 'lua_resume' in protected mode
+** Do the work for 'lua_resume' in protected mode. Most of the work
+** depends on the status of the coroutine: initial state, suspended
+** inside a hook, or regularly suspended (optionally with a continuation
+** function), plus erroneous cases: non-suspended coroutine or dead
+** coroutine.
 */
 static void resume (lua_State *L, void *ud) {
   int nCcalls = L->nCcalls;
-  StkId firstArg = cast(StkId, ud);
+  int n = *(cast(int*, ud));  /* number of arguments */
+  StkId firstArg = L->top - n;  /* first argument */
   CallInfo *ci = L->ci;
   if (nCcalls >= LUAI_MAXCCALLS)
     resume_error(L, "C stack overflow", firstArg);
@@ -509,24 +626,21 @@ static void resume (lua_State *L, void *ud) {
   else if (L->status != LUA_YIELD)
     resume_error(L, "cannot resume dead coroutine", firstArg);
   else {  /* resuming from previous yield */
-    L->status = LUA_OK;
+    L->status = LUA_OK;  /* mark that it is running (again) */
     ci->func = restorestack(L, ci->extra);
     if (isLua(ci))  /* yielded inside a hook? */
       luaV_execute(L);  /* just continue running Lua code */
     else {  /* 'common' yield */
-      if (ci->u.c.k != NULL) {  /* does it have a continuation? */
-        int n;
-        ci->u.c.status = LUA_YIELD;  /* 'default' status */
-        ci->callstatus |= CIST_YIELDED;
+      if (ci->u.c.k != NULL) {  /* does it have a continuation function? */
         lua_unlock(L);
-        n = (*ci->u.c.k)(L);  /* call continuation */
+        n = (*ci->u.c.k)(L, LUA_YIELD, ci->u.c.ctx); /* call continuation */
         lua_lock(L);
         api_checknelems(L, n);
         firstArg = L->top - n;  /* yield results come from continuation */
       }
-      luaD_poscall(L, firstArg);  /* finish 'luaD_precall' */
+      luaD_poscall(L, ci, firstArg, n);  /* finish 'luaD_precall' */
     }
-    unroll(L, NULL);
+    unroll(L, NULL);  /* run continuation */
   }
   lua_assert(nCcalls == L->nCcalls);
 }
@@ -534,27 +648,26 @@ static void resume (lua_State *L, void *ud) {
 
 LUA_API int lua_resume (lua_State *L, lua_State *from, int nargs) {
   int status;
-  int oldnny = L->nny;  /* save 'nny' */
+  unsigned short oldnny = L->nny;  /* save "number of non-yieldable" calls */
   lua_lock(L);
   luai_userstateresume(L, nargs);
   L->nCcalls = (from) ? from->nCcalls + 1 : 1;
   L->nny = 0;  /* allow yields */
   api_checknelems(L, (L->status == LUA_OK) ? nargs + 1 : nargs);
-  status = luaD_rawrunprotected(L, resume, L->top - nargs);
+  status = luaD_rawrunprotected(L, resume, &nargs);
   if (status == -1)  /* error calling 'lua_resume'? */
     status = LUA_ERRRUN;
-  else {  /* yield or regular error */
-    while (status != LUA_OK && status != LUA_YIELD) {  /* error? */
-      if (recover(L, status))  /* recover point? */
-        status = luaD_rawrunprotected(L, unroll, NULL);  /* run continuation */
-      else {  /* unrecoverable error */
-        L->status = cast_byte(status);  /* mark thread as `dead' */
-        seterrorobj(L, status, L->top);
-        L->ci->top = L->top;
-        break;
-      }
+  else {  /* continue running after recoverable errors */
+    while (errorstatus(status) && recover(L, status)) {
+      /* unroll continuation */
+      status = luaD_rawrunprotected(L, unroll, &status);
     }
-    lua_assert(status == L->status);
+    if (errorstatus(status)) {  /* unrecoverable error? */
+      L->status = cast_byte(status);  /* mark thread as 'dead' */
+      seterrorobj(L, status, L->top);  /* push error message */
+      L->ci->top = L->top;
+    }
+    else lua_assert(status == L->status);  /* normal end or yield */
   }
   L->nny = oldnny;  /* restore 'nny' */
   L->nCcalls--;
@@ -564,7 +677,13 @@ LUA_API int lua_resume (lua_State *L, lua_State *from, int nargs) {
 }
 
 
-LUA_API int lua_yieldk (lua_State *L, int nresults, int ctx, lua_CFunction k) {
+LUA_API int lua_isyieldable (lua_State *L) {
+  return (L->nny == 0);
+}
+
+
+LUA_API int lua_yieldk (lua_State *L, int nresults, lua_KContext ctx,
+                        lua_KFunction k) {
   CallInfo *ci = L->ci;
   luai_userstateyield(L, nresults);
   lua_lock(L);
@@ -619,7 +738,7 @@ int luaD_pcall (lua_State *L, Pfunc func, void *u,
 /*
 ** Execute a protected parser.
 */
-struct SParser {  /* data to `f_parser' */
+struct SParser {  /* data to 'f_parser' */
   ZIO *z;
   Mbuffer buff;  /* dynamic structure used by the scanner */
   Dyndata dyd;  /* dynamic structures used by the parser */
@@ -631,31 +750,26 @@ struct SParser {  /* data to `f_parser' */
 static void checkmode (lua_State *L, const char *mode, const char *x) {
   if (mode && strchr(mode, x[0]) == NULL) {
     luaO_pushfstring(L,
-       "attempt to load a %s chunk (mode is " LUA_QS ")", x, mode);
+       "attempt to load a %s chunk (mode is '%s')", x, mode);
     luaD_throw(L, LUA_ERRSYNTAX);
   }
 }
 
 
 static void f_parser (lua_State *L, void *ud) {
-  int i;
-  Closure *cl;
+  LClosure *cl;
   struct SParser *p = cast(struct SParser *, ud);
   int c = zgetc(p->z);  /* read first character */
   if (c == LUA_SIGNATURE[0]) {
     checkmode(L, p->mode, "binary");
-    cl = luaU_undump(L, p->z, &p->buff, p->name);
+    cl = luaU_undump(L, p->z, p->name);
   }
   else {
     checkmode(L, p->mode, "text");
     cl = luaY_parser(L, p->z, &p->buff, &p->dyd, p->name, c);
   }
-  lua_assert(cl->l.nupvalues == cl->l.p->sizeupvalues);
-  for (i = 0; i < cl->l.nupvalues; i++) {  /* initialize upvalues */
-    UpVal *up = luaF_newupval(L);
-    cl->l.upvals[i] = up;
-    luaC_objbarrier(L, cl, up);
-  }
+  lua_assert(cl->nupvalues == cl->p->sizeupvalues);
+  luaF_initupvals(L, cl);
 }
 
 
diff --git a/lua/ldo.h b/lua/ldo.h
index d3d3082..80582dc 100644
--- a/lua/ldo.h
+++ b/lua/ldo.h
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
-** $Id: ldo.h,v 2.20.1.1 2013/04/12 18:48:47 roberto Exp $
+** $Id: ldo.h,v 2.28 2015/11/23 11:29:43 roberto Exp $
 ** Stack and Call structure of Lua
 ** See Copyright Notice in lua.h
 */
@@ -13,31 +13,43 @@
 #include "lzio.h"
 
 
-#define luaD_checkstack(L,n)	if (L->stack_last - L->top <= (n)) \
-				    luaD_growstack(L, n); else condmovestack(L);
+/*
+** Macro to check stack size and grow stack if needed.  Parameters
+** 'pre'/'pos' allow the macro to preserve a pointer into the
+** stack across reallocations, doing the work only when needed.
+** 'condmovestack' is used in heavy tests to force a stack reallocation
+** at every check.
+*/
+#define luaD_checkstackaux(L,n,pre,pos)  \
+	if (L->stack_last - L->top <= (n)) \
+	  { pre; luaD_growstack(L, n); pos; } else { condmovestack(L,pre,pos); }
+
+/* In general, 'pre'/'pos' are empty (nothing to save) */
+#define luaD_checkstack(L,n)	luaD_checkstackaux(L,n,,)
 
 
-#define incr_top(L) {L->top++; luaD_checkstack(L,0);}
 
 #define savestack(L,p)		((char *)(p) - (char *)L->stack)
 #define restorestack(L,n)	((TValue *)((char *)L->stack + (n)))
 
 
-/* type of protected functions, to be ran by `runprotected' */
+/* type of protected functions, to be ran by 'runprotected' */
 typedef void (*Pfunc) (lua_State *L, void *ud);
 
 LUAI_FUNC int luaD_protectedparser (lua_State *L, ZIO *z, const char *name,
                                                   const char *mode);
 LUAI_FUNC void luaD_hook (lua_State *L, int event, int line);
 LUAI_FUNC int luaD_precall (lua_State *L, StkId func, int nresults);
-LUAI_FUNC void luaD_call (lua_State *L, StkId func, int nResults,
-                                        int allowyield);
+LUAI_FUNC void luaD_call (lua_State *L, StkId func, int nResults);
+LUAI_FUNC void luaD_callnoyield (lua_State *L, StkId func, int nResults);
 LUAI_FUNC int luaD_pcall (lua_State *L, Pfunc func, void *u,
                                         ptrdiff_t oldtop, ptrdiff_t ef);
-LUAI_FUNC int luaD_poscall (lua_State *L, StkId firstResult);
+LUAI_FUNC int luaD_poscall (lua_State *L, CallInfo *ci, StkId firstResult,
+                                          int nres);
 LUAI_FUNC void luaD_reallocstack (lua_State *L, int newsize);
 LUAI_FUNC void luaD_growstack (lua_State *L, int n);
 LUAI_FUNC void luaD_shrinkstack (lua_State *L);
+LUAI_FUNC void luaD_inctop (lua_State *L);
 
 LUAI_FUNC l_noret luaD_throw (lua_State *L, int errcode);
 LUAI_FUNC int luaD_rawrunprotected (lua_State *L, Pfunc f, void *ud);
diff --git a/lua/ldump.c b/lua/ldump.c
index 61fa2cd..016e300 100644
--- a/lua/ldump.c
+++ b/lua/ldump.c
@@ -1,173 +1,215 @@
 /*
-** $Id: ldump.c,v 2.17.1.1 2013/04/12 18:48:47 roberto Exp $
+** $Id: ldump.c,v 2.37 2015/10/08 15:53:49 roberto Exp $
 ** save precompiled Lua chunks
 ** See Copyright Notice in lua.h
 */
 
-#include <stddef.h>
-
 #define ldump_c
 #define LUA_CORE
 
+#include "lprefix.h"
+
+
+#include <stddef.h>
+
 #include "lua.h"
 
 #include "lobject.h"
 #include "lstate.h"
 #include "lundump.h"
 
+
 typedef struct {
- lua_State* L;
- lua_Writer writer;
- void* data;
- int strip;
- int status;
+  lua_State *L;
+  lua_Writer writer;
+  void *data;
+  int strip;
+  int status;
 } DumpState;
 
-#define DumpMem(b,n,size,D)	DumpBlock(b,(n)*(size),D)
-#define DumpVar(x,D)		DumpMem(&x,1,sizeof(x),D)
-
-static void DumpBlock(const void* b, size_t size, DumpState* D)
-{
- if (D->status==0)
- {
-  lua_unlock(D->L);
-  D->status=(*D->writer)(D->L,b,size,D->data);
-  lua_lock(D->L);
- }
+
+/*
+** All high-level dumps go through DumpVector; you can change it to
+** change the endianness of the result
+*/
+#define DumpVector(v,n,D)	DumpBlock(v,(n)*sizeof((v)[0]),D)
+
+#define DumpLiteral(s,D)	DumpBlock(s, sizeof(s) - sizeof(char), D)
+
+
+static void DumpBlock (const void *b, size_t size, DumpState *D) {
+  if (D->status == 0 && size > 0) {
+    lua_unlock(D->L);
+    D->status = (*D->writer)(D->L, b, size, D->data);
+    lua_lock(D->L);
+  }
 }
 
-static void DumpChar(int y, DumpState* D)
-{
- char x=(char)y;
- DumpVar(x,D);
+
+#define DumpVar(x,D)		DumpVector(&x,1,D)
+
+
+static void DumpByte (int y, DumpState *D) {
+  lu_byte x = (lu_byte)y;
+  DumpVar(x, D);
 }
 
-static void DumpInt(int x, DumpState* D)
-{
- DumpVar(x,D);
+
+static void DumpInt (int x, DumpState *D) {
+  DumpVar(x, D);
 }
 
-static void DumpNumber(lua_Number x, DumpState* D)
-{
- DumpVar(x,D);
+
+static void DumpNumber (lua_Number x, DumpState *D) {
+  DumpVar(x, D);
 }
 
-static void DumpVector(const void* b, int n, size_t size, DumpState* D)
-{
- DumpInt(n,D);
- DumpMem(b,n,size,D);
+
+static void DumpInteger (lua_Integer x, DumpState *D) {
+  DumpVar(x, D);
 }
 
-static void DumpString(const TString* s, DumpState* D)
-{
- if (s==NULL)
- {
-  size_t size=0;
-  DumpVar(size,D);
- }
- else
- {
-  size_t size=s->tsv.len+1;		/* include trailing '\0' */
-  DumpVar(size,D);
-  DumpBlock(getstr(s),size*sizeof(char),D);
- }
+
+static void DumpString (const TString *s, DumpState *D) {
+  if (s == NULL)
+    DumpByte(0, D);
+  else {
+    size_t size = tsslen(s) + 1;  /* include trailing '\0' */
+    const char *str = getstr(s);
+    if (size < 0xFF)
+      DumpByte(cast_int(size), D);
+    else {
+      DumpByte(0xFF, D);
+      DumpVar(size, D);
+    }
+    DumpVector(str, size - 1, D);  /* no need to save '\0' */
+  }
 }
 
-#define DumpCode(f,D)	 DumpVector(f->code,f->sizecode,sizeof(Instruction),D)
-
-static void DumpFunction(const Proto* f, DumpState* D);
-
-static void DumpConstants(const Proto* f, DumpState* D)
-{
- int i,n=f->sizek;
- DumpInt(n,D);
- for (i=0; i<n; i++)
- {
-  const TValue* o=&f->k[i];
-  DumpChar(ttypenv(o),D);
-  switch (ttypenv(o))
-  {
-   case LUA_TNIL:
-	break;
-   case LUA_TBOOLEAN:
-	DumpChar(bvalue(o),D);
-	break;
-   case LUA_TNUMBER:
-	DumpNumber(nvalue(o),D);
-	break;
-   case LUA_TSTRING:
-	DumpString(rawtsvalue(o),D);
-	break;
-    default: lua_assert(0);
+
+static void DumpCode (const Proto *f, DumpState *D) {
+  DumpInt(f->sizecode, D);
+  DumpVector(f->code, f->sizecode, D);
+}
+
+
+static void DumpFunction(const Proto *f, TString *psource, DumpState *D);
+
+static void DumpConstants (const Proto *f, DumpState *D) {
+  int i;
+  int n = f->sizek;
+  DumpInt(n, D);
+  for (i = 0; i < n; i++) {
+    const TValue *o = &f->k[i];
+    DumpByte(ttype(o), D);
+    switch (ttype(o)) {
+    case LUA_TNIL:
+      break;
+    case LUA_TBOOLEAN:
+      DumpByte(bvalue(o), D);
+      break;
+    case LUA_TNUMFLT:
+      DumpNumber(fltvalue(o), D);
+      break;
+    case LUA_TNUMINT:
+      DumpInteger(ivalue(o), D);
+      break;
+    case LUA_TSHRSTR:
+    case LUA_TLNGSTR:
+      DumpString(tsvalue(o), D);
+      break;
+    default:
+      lua_assert(0);
+    }
   }
- }
- n=f->sizep;
- DumpInt(n,D);
- for (i=0; i<n; i++) DumpFunction(f->p[i],D);
 }
 
-static void DumpUpvalues(const Proto* f, DumpState* D)
-{
- int i,n=f->sizeupvalues;
- DumpInt(n,D);
- for (i=0; i<n; i++)
- {
-  DumpChar(f->upvalues[i].instack,D);
-  DumpChar(f->upvalues[i].idx,D);
- }
+
+static void DumpProtos (const Proto *f, DumpState *D) {
+  int i;
+  int n = f->sizep;
+  DumpInt(n, D);
+  for (i = 0; i < n; i++)
+    DumpFunction(f->p[i], f->source, D);
+}
+
+
+static void DumpUpvalues (const Proto *f, DumpState *D) {
+  int i, n = f->sizeupvalues;
+  DumpInt(n, D);
+  for (i = 0; i < n; i++) {
+    DumpByte(f->upvalues[i].instack, D);
+    DumpByte(f->upvalues[i].idx, D);
+  }
 }
 
-static void DumpDebug(const Proto* f, DumpState* D)
-{
- int i,n;
- DumpString((D->strip) ? NULL : f->source,D);
- n= (D->strip) ? 0 : f->sizelineinfo;
- DumpVector(f->lineinfo,n,sizeof(int),D);
- n= (D->strip) ? 0 : f->sizelocvars;
- DumpInt(n,D);
- for (i=0; i<n; i++)
- {
-  DumpString(f->locvars[i].varname,D);
-  DumpInt(f->locvars[i].startpc,D);
-  DumpInt(f->locvars[i].endpc,D);
- }
- n= (D->strip) ? 0 : f->sizeupvalues;
- DumpInt(n,D);
- for (i=0; i<n; i++) DumpString(f->upvalues[i].name,D);
+
+static void DumpDebug (const Proto *f, DumpState *D) {
+  int i, n;
+  n = (D->strip) ? 0 : f->sizelineinfo;
+  DumpInt(n, D);
+  DumpVector(f->lineinfo, n, D);
+  n = (D->strip) ? 0 : f->sizelocvars;
+  DumpInt(n, D);
+  for (i = 0; i < n; i++) {
+    DumpString(f->locvars[i].varname, D);
+    DumpInt(f->locvars[i].startpc, D);
+    DumpInt(f->locvars[i].endpc, D);
+  }
+  n = (D->strip) ? 0 : f->sizeupvalues;
+  DumpInt(n, D);
+  for (i = 0; i < n; i++)
+    DumpString(f->upvalues[i].name, D);
 }
 
-static void DumpFunction(const Proto* f, DumpState* D)
-{
- DumpInt(f->linedefined,D);
- DumpInt(f->lastlinedefined,D);
- DumpChar(f->numparams,D);
- DumpChar(f->is_vararg,D);
- DumpChar(f->maxstacksize,D);
- DumpCode(f,D);
- DumpConstants(f,D);
- DumpUpvalues(f,D);
- DumpDebug(f,D);
+
+static void DumpFunction (const Proto *f, TString *psource, DumpState *D) {
+  if (D->strip || f->source == psource)
+    DumpString(NULL, D);  /* no debug info or same source as its parent */
+  else
+    DumpString(f->source, D);
+  DumpInt(f->linedefined, D);
+  DumpInt(f->lastlinedefined, D);
+  DumpByte(f->numparams, D);
+  DumpByte(f->is_vararg, D);
+  DumpByte(f->maxstacksize, D);
+  DumpCode(f, D);
+  DumpConstants(f, D);
+  DumpUpvalues(f, D);
+  DumpProtos(f, D);
+  DumpDebug(f, D);
 }
 
-static void DumpHeader(DumpState* D)
-{
- lu_byte h[LUAC_HEADERSIZE];
- luaU_header(h);
- DumpBlock(h,LUAC_HEADERSIZE,D);
+
+static void DumpHeader (DumpState *D) {
+  DumpLiteral(LUA_SIGNATURE, D);
+  DumpByte(LUAC_VERSION, D);
+  DumpByte(LUAC_FORMAT, D);
+  DumpLiteral(LUAC_DATA, D);
+  DumpByte(sizeof(int), D);
+  DumpByte(sizeof(size_t), D);
+  DumpByte(sizeof(Instruction), D);
+  DumpByte(sizeof(lua_Integer), D);
+  DumpByte(sizeof(lua_Number), D);
+  DumpInteger(LUAC_INT, D);
+  DumpNumber(LUAC_NUM, D);
 }
 
+
 /*
 ** dump Lua function as precompiled chunk
 */
-int luaU_dump (lua_State* L, const Proto* f, lua_Writer w, void* data, int strip)
-{
- DumpState D;
- D.L=L;
- D.writer=w;
- D.data=data;
- D.strip=strip;
- D.status=0;
- DumpHeader(&D);
- DumpFunction(f,&D);
- return D.status;
+int luaU_dump(lua_State *L, const Proto *f, lua_Writer w, void *data,
+              int strip) {
+  DumpState D;
+  D.L = L;
+  D.writer = w;
+  D.data = data;
+  D.strip = strip;
+  D.status = 0;
+  DumpHeader(&D);
+  DumpByte(f->sizeupvalues, &D);
+  DumpFunction(f, NULL, &D);
+  return D.status;
 }
+
diff --git a/lua/lfunc.c b/lua/lfunc.c
index e90e152..67967da 100644
--- a/lua/lfunc.c
+++ b/lua/lfunc.c
@@ -1,15 +1,17 @@
 /*
-** $Id: lfunc.c,v 2.30.1.1 2013/04/12 18:48:47 roberto Exp $
+** $Id: lfunc.c,v 2.45 2014/11/02 19:19:04 roberto Exp $
 ** Auxiliary functions to manipulate prototypes and closures
 ** See Copyright Notice in lua.h
 */
 
-
-#include <stddef.h>
-
 #define lfunc_c
 #define LUA_CORE
 
+#include "lprefix.h"
+
+
+#include <stddef.h>
+
 #include "lua.h"
 
 #include "lfunc.h"
@@ -20,95 +22,83 @@
 
 
 
-Closure *luaF_newCclosure (lua_State *L, int n) {
-  Closure *c = &luaC_newobj(L, LUA_TCCL, sizeCclosure(n), NULL, 0)->cl;
-  c->c.nupvalues = cast_byte(n);
+CClosure *luaF_newCclosure (lua_State *L, int n) {
+  GCObject *o = luaC_newobj(L, LUA_TCCL, sizeCclosure(n));
+  CClosure *c = gco2ccl(o);
+  c->nupvalues = cast_byte(n);
   return c;
 }
 
 
-Closure *luaF_newLclosure (lua_State *L, int n) {
-  Closure *c = &luaC_newobj(L, LUA_TLCL, sizeLclosure(n), NULL, 0)->cl;
-  c->l.p = NULL;
-  c->l.nupvalues = cast_byte(n);
-  while (n--) c->l.upvals[n] = NULL;
+LClosure *luaF_newLclosure (lua_State *L, int n) {
+  GCObject *o = luaC_newobj(L, LUA_TLCL, sizeLclosure(n));
+  LClosure *c = gco2lcl(o);
+  c->p = NULL;
+  c->nupvalues = cast_byte(n);
+  while (n--) c->upvals[n] = NULL;
   return c;
 }
 
-
-UpVal *luaF_newupval (lua_State *L) {
-  UpVal *uv = &luaC_newobj(L, LUA_TUPVAL, sizeof(UpVal), NULL, 0)->uv;
-  uv->v = &uv->u.value;
-  setnilvalue(uv->v);
-  return uv;
+/*
+** fill a closure with new closed upvalues
+*/
+void luaF_initupvals (lua_State *L, LClosure *cl) {
+  int i;
+  for (i = 0; i < cl->nupvalues; i++) {
+    UpVal *uv = luaM_new(L, UpVal);
+    uv->refcount = 1;
+    uv->v = &uv->u.value;  /* make it closed */
+    setnilvalue(uv->v);
+    cl->upvals[i] = uv;
+  }
 }
 
 
 UpVal *luaF_findupval (lua_State *L, StkId level) {
-  global_State *g = G(L);
-  GCObject **pp = &L->openupval;
+  UpVal **pp = &L->openupval;
   UpVal *p;
   UpVal *uv;
-  while (*pp != NULL && (p = gco2uv(*pp))->v >= level) {
-    GCObject *o = obj2gco(p);
-    lua_assert(p->v != &p->u.value);
-    lua_assert(!isold(o) || isold(obj2gco(L)));
-    if (p->v == level) {  /* found a corresponding upvalue? */
-      if (isdead(g, o))  /* is it dead? */
-        changewhite(o);  /* resurrect it */
-      return p;
-    }
-    pp = &p->next;
+  lua_assert(isintwups(L) || L->openupval == NULL);
+  while (*pp != NULL && (p = *pp)->v >= level) {
+    lua_assert(upisopen(p));
+    if (p->v == level)  /* found a corresponding upvalue? */
+      return p;  /* return it */
+    pp = &p->u.open.next;
   }
-  /* not found: create a new one */
-  uv = &luaC_newobj(L, LUA_TUPVAL, sizeof(UpVal), pp, 0)->uv;
+  /* not found: create a new upvalue */
+  uv = luaM_new(L, UpVal);
+  uv->refcount = 0;
+  uv->u.open.next = *pp;  /* link it to list of open upvalues */
+  uv->u.open.touched = 1;
+  *pp = uv;
   uv->v = level;  /* current value lives in the stack */
-  uv->u.l.prev = &g->uvhead;  /* double link it in `uvhead' list */
-  uv->u.l.next = g->uvhead.u.l.next;
-  uv->u.l.next->u.l.prev = uv;
-  g->uvhead.u.l.next = uv;
-  lua_assert(uv->u.l.next->u.l.prev == uv && uv->u.l.prev->u.l.next == uv);
+  if (!isintwups(L)) {  /* thread not in list of threads with upvalues? */
+    L->twups = G(L)->twups;  /* link it to the list */
+    G(L)->twups = L;
+  }
   return uv;
 }
 
 
-static void unlinkupval (UpVal *uv) {
-  lua_assert(uv->u.l.next->u.l.prev == uv && uv->u.l.prev->u.l.next == uv);
-  uv->u.l.next->u.l.prev = uv->u.l.prev;  /* remove from `uvhead' list */
-  uv->u.l.prev->u.l.next = uv->u.l.next;
-}
-
-
-void luaF_freeupval (lua_State *L, UpVal *uv) {
-  if (uv->v != &uv->u.value)  /* is it open? */
-    unlinkupval(uv);  /* remove from open list */
-  luaM_free(L, uv);  /* free upvalue */
-}
-
-
 void luaF_close (lua_State *L, StkId level) {
   UpVal *uv;
-  global_State *g = G(L);
-  while (L->openupval != NULL && (uv = gco2uv(L->openupval))->v >= level) {
-    GCObject *o = obj2gco(uv);
-    lua_assert(!isblack(o) && uv->v != &uv->u.value);
-    L->openupval = uv->next;  /* remove from `open' list */
-    if (isdead(g, o))
-      luaF_freeupval(L, uv);  /* free upvalue */
+  while (L->openupval != NULL && (uv = L->openupval)->v >= level) {
+    lua_assert(upisopen(uv));
+    L->openupval = uv->u.open.next;  /* remove from 'open' list */
+    if (uv->refcount == 0)  /* no references? */
+      luaM_free(L, uv);  /* free upvalue */
     else {
-      unlinkupval(uv);  /* remove upvalue from 'uvhead' list */
       setobj(L, &uv->u.value, uv->v);  /* move value to upvalue slot */
       uv->v = &uv->u.value;  /* now current value lives here */
-      gch(o)->next = g->allgc;  /* link upvalue into 'allgc' list */
-      g->allgc = o;
-      luaC_checkupvalcolor(g, uv);
+      luaC_upvalbarrier(L, uv);
     }
   }
 }
 
 
 Proto *luaF_newproto (lua_State *L) {
-  Proto *f = &luaC_newobj(L, LUA_TPROTO, sizeof(Proto), NULL, 0)->p;
+  GCObject *o = luaC_newobj(L, LUA_TPROTO, sizeof(Proto));
+  Proto *f = gco2p(o);
   f->k = NULL;
   f->sizek = 0;
   f->p = NULL;
@@ -144,7 +134,7 @@ void luaF_freeproto (lua_State *L, Proto *f) {
 
 
 /*
-** Look for n-th local variable at line `line' in function `func'.
+** Look for n-th local variable at line 'line' in function 'func'.
 ** Returns NULL if not found.
 */
 const char *luaF_getlocalname (const Proto *f, int local_number, int pc) {
diff --git a/lua/lfunc.h b/lua/lfunc.h
index ca0d3a3..2eeb0d5 100644
--- a/lua/lfunc.h
+++ b/lua/lfunc.h
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
-** $Id: lfunc.h,v 2.8.1.1 2013/04/12 18:48:47 roberto Exp $
+** $Id: lfunc.h,v 2.15 2015/01/13 15:49:11 roberto Exp $
 ** Auxiliary functions to manipulate prototypes and closures
 ** See Copyright Notice in lua.h
 */
@@ -18,14 +18,42 @@
                          cast(int, sizeof(TValue *)*((n)-1)))
 
 
+/* test whether thread is in 'twups' list */
+#define isintwups(L)	(L->twups != L)
+
+
+/*
+** maximum number of upvalues in a closure (both C and Lua). (Value
+** must fit in a VM register.)
+*/
+#define MAXUPVAL	255
+
+
+/*
+** Upvalues for Lua closures
+*/
+struct UpVal {
+  TValue *v;  /* points to stack or to its own value */
+  lu_mem refcount;  /* reference counter */
+  union {
+    struct {  /* (when open) */
+      UpVal *next;  /* linked list */
+      int touched;  /* mark to avoid cycles with dead threads */
+    } open;
+    TValue value;  /* the value (when closed) */
+  } u;
+};
+
+#define upisopen(up)	((up)->v != &(up)->u.value)
+
+
 LUAI_FUNC Proto *luaF_newproto (lua_State *L);
-LUAI_FUNC Closure *luaF_newCclosure (lua_State *L, int nelems);
-LUAI_FUNC Closure *luaF_newLclosure (lua_State *L, int nelems);
-LUAI_FUNC UpVal *luaF_newupval (lua_State *L);
+LUAI_FUNC CClosure *luaF_newCclosure (lua_State *L, int nelems);
+LUAI_FUNC LClosure *luaF_newLclosure (lua_State *L, int nelems);
+LUAI_FUNC void luaF_initupvals (lua_State *L, LClosure *cl);
 LUAI_FUNC UpVal *luaF_findupval (lua_State *L, StkId level);
 LUAI_FUNC void luaF_close (lua_State *L, StkId level);
 LUAI_FUNC void luaF_freeproto (lua_State *L, Proto *f);
-LUAI_FUNC void luaF_freeupval (lua_State *L, UpVal *uv);
 LUAI_FUNC const char *luaF_getlocalname (const Proto *func, int local_number,
                                          int pc);
 
diff --git a/lua/lgc.c b/lua/lgc.c
index 52460dc..49d8ecb 100644
--- a/lua/lgc.c
+++ b/lua/lgc.c
@@ -1,14 +1,17 @@
 /*
-** $Id: lgc.c,v 2.140.1.2 2013/04/26 18:22:05 roberto Exp $
+** $Id: lgc.c,v 2.210 2015/11/03 18:10:44 roberto Exp $
 ** Garbage Collector
 ** See Copyright Notice in lua.h
 */
 
-#include <string.h>
-
 #define lgc_c
 #define LUA_CORE
 
+#include "lprefix.h"
+
+
+#include <string.h>
+
 #include "lua.h"
 
 #include "ldebug.h"
@@ -23,6 +26,11 @@
 #include "ltm.h"
 
 
+/*
+** internal state for collector while inside the atomic phase. The
+** collector should never be in this state while running regular code.
+*/
+#define GCSinsideatomic		(GCSpause + 1)
 
 /*
 ** cost of sweeping one element (the size of a small object divided
@@ -33,8 +41,8 @@
 /* maximum number of elements to sweep in each single step */
 #define GCSWEEPMAX	(cast_int((GCSTEPSIZE / GCSWEEPCOST) / 4))
 
-/* maximum number of finalizers to call in each GC step */
-#define GCFINALIZENUM	4
+/* cost of calling one finalizer */
+#define GCFINALIZECOST	GCSWEEPCOST
 
 
 /*
@@ -52,18 +60,18 @@
 
 
 /*
-** 'makewhite' erases all color bits plus the old bit and then
-** sets only the current white bit
+** 'makewhite' erases all color bits then sets only the current white
+** bit
 */
-#define maskcolors	(~(bit2mask(BLACKBIT, OLDBIT) | WHITEBITS))
+#define maskcolors	(~(bitmask(BLACKBIT) | WHITEBITS))
 #define makewhite(g,x)	\
- (gch(x)->marked = cast_byte((gch(x)->marked & maskcolors) | luaC_white(g)))
+ (x->marked = cast_byte((x->marked & maskcolors) | luaC_white(g)))
 
-#define white2gray(x)	resetbits(gch(x)->marked, WHITEBITS)
-#define black2gray(x)	resetbit(gch(x)->marked, BLACKBIT)
+#define white2gray(x)	resetbits(x->marked, WHITEBITS)
+#define black2gray(x)	resetbit(x->marked, BLACKBIT)
 
 
-#define isfinalized(x)		testbit(gch(x)->marked, FINALIZEDBIT)
+#define valiswhite(x)   (iscollectable(x) && iswhite(gcvalue(x)))
 
 #define checkdeadkey(n)	lua_assert(!ttisdeadkey(gkey(n)) || ttisnil(gval(n)))
 
@@ -75,8 +83,13 @@
 #define markvalue(g,o) { checkconsistency(o); \
   if (valiswhite(o)) reallymarkobject(g,gcvalue(o)); }
 
-#define markobject(g,t) { if ((t) && iswhite(obj2gco(t))) \
-		reallymarkobject(g, obj2gco(t)); }
+#define markobject(g,t)	{ if (iswhite(t)) reallymarkobject(g, obj2gco(t)); }
+
+/*
+** mark an object that can be NULL (either because it is really optional,
+** or it was stripped as debug info, or inside an uncompleted structure)
+*/
+#define markobjectN(g,t)	{ if (t) markobject(g,t); }
 
 static void reallymarkobject (global_State *g, GCObject *o);
 
@@ -95,33 +108,38 @@ static void reallymarkobject (global_State *g, GCObject *o);
 
 
 /*
-** link table 'h' into list pointed by 'p'
+** link collectable object 'o' into list pointed by 'p'
 */
-#define linktable(h,p)	((h)->gclist = *(p), *(p) = obj2gco(h))
+#define linkgclist(o,p)	((o)->gclist = (p), (p) = obj2gco(o))
 
 
 /*
-** if key is not marked, mark its entry as dead (therefore removing it
-** from the table)
+** If key is not marked, mark its entry as dead. This allows key to be
+** collected, but keeps its entry in the table.  A dead node is needed
+** when Lua looks up for a key (it may be part of a chain) and when
+** traversing a weak table (key might be removed from the table during
+** traversal). Other places never manipulate dead keys, because its
+** associated nil value is enough to signal that the entry is logically
+** empty.
 */
 static void removeentry (Node *n) {
   lua_assert(ttisnil(gval(n)));
   if (valiswhite(gkey(n)))
-    setdeadvalue(gkey(n));  /* unused and unmarked key; remove it */
+    setdeadvalue(wgkey(n));  /* unused and unmarked key; remove it */
 }
 
 
 /*
 ** tells whether a key or value can be cleared from a weak
 ** table. Non-collectable objects are never removed from weak
-** tables. Strings behave as `values', so are never removed too. for
+** tables. Strings behave as 'values', so are never removed too. for
 ** other objects: if really collected, cannot keep them; for objects
 ** being finalized, keep them in keys, but not in values
 */
 static int iscleared (global_State *g, const TValue *o) {
   if (!iscollectable(o)) return 0;
   else if (ttisstring(o)) {
-    markobject(g, rawtsvalue(o));  /* strings are `values', so are never weak */
+    markobject(g, tsvalue(o));  /* strings are 'values', so are never weak */
     return 0;
   }
   else return iswhite(gcvalue(o));
@@ -130,14 +148,14 @@ static int iscleared (global_State *g, const TValue *o) {
 
 /*
 ** barrier that moves collector forward, that is, mark the white object
-** being pointed by a black object.
+** being pointed by a black object. (If in sweep phase, clear the black
+** object to white [sweep it] to avoid other barrier calls for this
+** same object.)
 */
 void luaC_barrier_ (lua_State *L, GCObject *o, GCObject *v) {
   global_State *g = G(L);
   lua_assert(isblack(o) && iswhite(v) && !isdead(g, v) && !isdead(g, o));
-  lua_assert(g->gcstate != GCSpause);
-  lua_assert(gch(o)->tt != LUA_TTABLE);
-  if (keepinvariantout(g))  /* must keep invariant? */
+  if (keepinvariant(g))  /* must keep invariant? */
     reallymarkobject(g, v);  /* restore invariant */
   else {  /* sweep phase */
     lua_assert(issweepphase(g));
@@ -148,78 +166,52 @@ void luaC_barrier_ (lua_State *L, GCObject *o, GCObject *v) {
 
 /*
 ** barrier that moves collector backward, that is, mark the black object
-** pointing to a white object as gray again. (Current implementation
-** only works for tables; access to 'gclist' is not uniform across
-** different types.)
+** pointing to a white object as gray again.
 */
-void luaC_barrierback_ (lua_State *L, GCObject *o) {
+void luaC_barrierback_ (lua_State *L, Table *t) {
   global_State *g = G(L);
-  lua_assert(isblack(o) && !isdead(g, o) && gch(o)->tt == LUA_TTABLE);
-  black2gray(o);  /* make object gray (again) */
-  gco2t(o)->gclist = g->grayagain;
-  g->grayagain = o;
+  lua_assert(isblack(t) && !isdead(g, t));
+  black2gray(t);  /* make table gray (again) */
+  linkgclist(t, g->grayagain);
 }
 
 
 /*
-** barrier for prototypes. When creating first closure (cache is
-** NULL), use a forward barrier; this may be the only closure of the
-** prototype (if it is a "regular" function, with a single instance)
-** and the prototype may be big, so it is better to avoid traversing
-** it again. Otherwise, use a backward barrier, to avoid marking all
-** possible instances.
+** barrier for assignments to closed upvalues. Because upvalues are
+** shared among closures, it is impossible to know the color of all
+** closures pointing to it. So, we assume that the object being assigned
+** must be marked.
 */
-LUAI_FUNC void luaC_barrierproto_ (lua_State *L, Proto *p, Closure *c) {
+void luaC_upvalbarrier_ (lua_State *L, UpVal *uv) {
   global_State *g = G(L);
-  lua_assert(isblack(obj2gco(p)));
-  if (p->cache == NULL) {  /* first time? */
-    luaC_objbarrier(L, p, c);
-  }
-  else {  /* use a backward barrier */
-    black2gray(obj2gco(p));  /* make prototype gray (again) */
-    p->gclist = g->grayagain;
-    g->grayagain = obj2gco(p);
-  }
+  GCObject *o = gcvalue(uv->v);
+  lua_assert(!upisopen(uv));  /* ensured by macro luaC_upvalbarrier */
+  if (keepinvariant(g))
+    markobject(g, o);
 }
 
 
-/*
-** check color (and invariants) for an upvalue that was closed,
-** i.e., moved into the 'allgc' list
-*/
-void luaC_checkupvalcolor (global_State *g, UpVal *uv) {
-  GCObject *o = obj2gco(uv);
-  lua_assert(!isblack(o));  /* open upvalues are never black */
-  if (isgray(o)) {
-    if (keepinvariant(g)) {
-      resetoldbit(o);  /* see MOVE OLD rule */
-      gray2black(o);  /* it is being visited now */
-      markvalue(g, uv->v);
-    }
-    else {
-      lua_assert(issweepphase(g));
-      makewhite(g, o);
-    }
-  }
+void luaC_fix (lua_State *L, GCObject *o) {
+  global_State *g = G(L);
+  lua_assert(g->allgc == o);  /* object must be 1st in 'allgc' list! */
+  white2gray(o);  /* they will be gray forever */
+  g->allgc = o->next;  /* remove object from 'allgc' list */
+  o->next = g->fixedgc;  /* link it to 'fixedgc' list */
+  g->fixedgc = o;
 }
 
 
 /*
 ** create a new collectable object (with given type and size) and link
-** it to '*list'. 'offset' tells how many bytes to allocate before the
-** object itself (used only by states).
+** it to 'allgc' list.
 */
-GCObject *luaC_newobj (lua_State *L, int tt, size_t sz, GCObject **list,
-                       int offset) {
+GCObject *luaC_newobj (lua_State *L, int tt, size_t sz) {
   global_State *g = G(L);
-  char *raw = cast(char *, luaM_newobject(L, novariant(tt), sz));
-  GCObject *o = obj2gco(raw + offset);
-  if (list == NULL)
-    list = &g->allgc;  /* standard list for collectable objects */
-  gch(o)->marked = luaC_white(g);
-  gch(o)->tt = tt;
-  gch(o)->next = *list;
-  *list = o;
+  GCObject *o = cast(GCObject *, luaM_newobject(L, novariant(tt), sz));
+  o->marked = luaC_white(g);
+  o->tt = tt;
+  o->next = g->allgc;
+  g->allgc = o;
   return o;
 }
 
@@ -241,57 +233,53 @@ GCObject *luaC_newobj (lua_State *L, int tt, size_t sz, GCObject **list,
 ** upvalues are already linked in 'headuv' list.)
 */
 static void reallymarkobject (global_State *g, GCObject *o) {
-  lu_mem size;
+ reentry:
   white2gray(o);
-  switch (gch(o)->tt) {
-    case LUA_TSHRSTR:
-    case LUA_TLNGSTR: {
-      size = sizestring(gco2ts(o));
-      break;  /* nothing else to mark; make it black */
+  switch (o->tt) {
+    case LUA_TSHRSTR: {
+      gray2black(o);
+      g->GCmemtrav += sizelstring(gco2ts(o)->shrlen);
+      break;
     }
-    case LUA_TUSERDATA: {
-      Table *mt = gco2u(o)->metatable;
-      markobject(g, mt);
-      markobject(g, gco2u(o)->env);
-      size = sizeudata(gco2u(o));
+    case LUA_TLNGSTR: {
+      gray2black(o);
+      g->GCmemtrav += sizelstring(gco2ts(o)->u.lnglen);
       break;
     }
-    case LUA_TUPVAL: {
-      UpVal *uv = gco2uv(o);
-      markvalue(g, uv->v);
-      if (uv->v != &uv->u.value)  /* open? */
-        return;  /* open upvalues remain gray */
-      size = sizeof(UpVal);
+    case LUA_TUSERDATA: {
+      TValue uvalue;
+      markobjectN(g, gco2u(o)->metatable);  /* mark its metatable */
+      gray2black(o);
+      g->GCmemtrav += sizeudata(gco2u(o));
+      getuservalue(g->mainthread, gco2u(o), &uvalue);
+      if (valiswhite(&uvalue)) {  /* markvalue(g, &uvalue); */
+        o = gcvalue(&uvalue);
+        goto reentry;
+      }
       break;
     }
     case LUA_TLCL: {
-      gco2lcl(o)->gclist = g->gray;
-      g->gray = o;
-      return;
+      linkgclist(gco2lcl(o), g->gray);
+      break;
     }
     case LUA_TCCL: {
-      gco2ccl(o)->gclist = g->gray;
-      g->gray = o;
-      return;
+      linkgclist(gco2ccl(o), g->gray);
+      break;
     }
     case LUA_TTABLE: {
-      linktable(gco2t(o), &g->gray);
-      return;
+      linkgclist(gco2t(o), g->gray);
+      break;
     }
     case LUA_TTHREAD: {
-      gco2th(o)->gclist = g->gray;
-      g->gray = o;
-      return;
+      linkgclist(gco2th(o), g->gray);
+      break;
     }
     case LUA_TPROTO: {
-      gco2p(o)->gclist = g->gray;
-      g->gray = o;
-      return;
+      linkgclist(gco2p(o), g->gray);
+      break;
     }
-    default: lua_assert(0); return;
+    default: lua_assert(0); break;
   }
-  gray2black(o);
-  g->GCmemtrav += size;
 }
 
 
@@ -301,7 +289,7 @@ static void reallymarkobject (global_State *g, GCObject *o) {
 static void markmt (global_State *g) {
   int i;
   for (i=0; i < LUA_NUMTAGS; i++)
-    markobject(g, g->mt[i]);
+    markobjectN(g, g->mt[i]);
 }
 
 
@@ -310,29 +298,41 @@ static void markmt (global_State *g) {
 */
 static void markbeingfnz (global_State *g) {
   GCObject *o;
-  for (o = g->tobefnz; o != NULL; o = gch(o)->next) {
-    makewhite(g, o);
-    reallymarkobject(g, o);
-  }
+  for (o = g->tobefnz; o != NULL; o = o->next)
+    markobject(g, o);
 }
 
 
 /*
-** mark all values stored in marked open upvalues. (See comment in
-** 'lstate.h'.)
+** Mark all values stored in marked open upvalues from non-marked threads.
+** (Values from marked threads were already marked when traversing the
+** thread.) Remove from the list threads that no longer have upvalues and
+** not-marked threads.
 */
 static void remarkupvals (global_State *g) {
-  UpVal *uv;
-  for (uv = g->uvhead.u.l.next; uv != &g->uvhead; uv = uv->u.l.next) {
-    if (isgray(obj2gco(uv)))
-      markvalue(g, uv->v);
+  lua_State *thread;
+  lua_State **p = &g->twups;
+  while ((thread = *p) != NULL) {
+    lua_assert(!isblack(thread));  /* threads are never black */
+    if (isgray(thread) && thread->openupval != NULL)
+      p = &thread->twups;  /* keep marked thread with upvalues in the list */
+    else {  /* thread is not marked or without upvalues */
+      UpVal *uv;
+      *p = thread->twups;  /* remove thread from the list */
+      thread->twups = thread;  /* mark that it is out of list */
+      for (uv = thread->openupval; uv != NULL; uv = uv->u.open.next) {
+        if (uv->u.open.touched) {
+          markvalue(g, uv->v);  /* remark upvalue's value */
+          uv->u.open.touched = 0;
+        }
+      }
+    }
   }
 }
 
 
 /*
-** mark root set and reset all gray lists, to start a new
-** incremental (or full) collection
+** mark root set and reset all gray lists, to start a new collection
 */
 static void restartcollection (global_State *g) {
   g->gray = g->grayagain = NULL;
@@ -352,12 +352,18 @@ static void restartcollection (global_State *g) {
 ** =======================================================
 */
 
+/*
+** Traverse a table with weak values and link it to proper list. During
+** propagate phase, keep it in 'grayagain' list, to be revisited in the
+** atomic phase. In the atomic phase, if table has any white value,
+** put it in 'weak' list, to be cleared.
+*/
 static void traverseweakvalue (global_State *g, Table *h) {
   Node *n, *limit = gnodelast(h);
-  /* if there is array part, assume it may have white values (do not
-     traverse it just to check) */
+  /* if there is array part, assume it may have white values (it is not
+     worth traversing it now just to check) */
   int hasclears = (h->sizearray > 0);
-  for (n = gnode(h, 0); n < limit; n++) {
+  for (n = gnode(h, 0); n < limit; n++) {  /* traverse hash part */
     checkdeadkey(n);
     if (ttisnil(gval(n)))  /* entry is empty? */
       removeentry(n);  /* remove it */
@@ -368,20 +374,30 @@ static void traverseweakvalue (global_State *g, Table *h) {
         hasclears = 1;  /* table will have to be cleared */
     }
   }
-  if (hasclears)
-    linktable(h, &g->weak);  /* has to be cleared later */
-  else  /* no white values */
-    linktable(h, &g->grayagain);  /* no need to clean */
+  if (g->gcstate == GCSpropagate)
+    linkgclist(h, g->grayagain);  /* must retraverse it in atomic phase */
+  else if (hasclears)
+    linkgclist(h, g->weak);  /* has to be cleared later */
 }
 
 
+/*
+** Traverse an ephemeron table and link it to proper list. Returns true
+** iff any object was marked during this traversal (which implies that
+** convergence has to continue). During propagation phase, keep table
+** in 'grayagain' list, to be visited again in the atomic phase. In
+** the atomic phase, if table has any white->white entry, it has to
+** be revisited during ephemeron convergence (as that key may turn
+** black). Otherwise, if it has any white key, table has to be cleared
+** (in the atomic phase).
+*/
 static int traverseephemeron (global_State *g, Table *h) {
   int marked = 0;  /* true if an object is marked in this traversal */
   int hasclears = 0;  /* true if table has white keys */
-  int prop = 0;  /* true if table has entry "white-key -> white-value" */
+  int hasww = 0;  /* true if table has entry "white-key -> white-value" */
   Node *n, *limit = gnodelast(h);
-  int i;
-  /* traverse array part (numeric keys are 'strong') */
+  unsigned int i;
+  /* traverse array part */
   for (i = 0; i < h->sizearray; i++) {
     if (valiswhite(&h->array[i])) {
       marked = 1;
@@ -396,26 +412,27 @@ static int traverseephemeron (global_State *g, Table *h) {
     else if (iscleared(g, gkey(n))) {  /* key is not marked (yet)? */
       hasclears = 1;  /* table must be cleared */
       if (valiswhite(gval(n)))  /* value not marked yet? */
-        prop = 1;  /* must propagate again */
+        hasww = 1;  /* white-white entry */
     }
     else if (valiswhite(gval(n))) {  /* value not marked yet? */
       marked = 1;
       reallymarkobject(g, gcvalue(gval(n)));  /* mark it now */
     }
   }
-  if (prop)
-    linktable(h, &g->ephemeron);  /* have to propagate again */
-  else if (hasclears)  /* does table have white keys? */
-    linktable(h, &g->allweak);  /* may have to clean white keys */
-  else  /* no white keys */
-    linktable(h, &g->grayagain);  /* no need to clean */
+  /* link table into proper list */
+  if (g->gcstate == GCSpropagate)
+    linkgclist(h, g->grayagain);  /* must retraverse it in atomic phase */
+  else if (hasww)  /* table has white->white entries? */
+    linkgclist(h, g->ephemeron);  /* have to propagate again */
+  else if (hasclears)  /* table has white keys? */
+    linkgclist(h, g->allweak);  /* may have to clean white keys */
   return marked;
 }
 
 
 static void traversestrongtable (global_State *g, Table *h) {
   Node *n, *limit = gnodelast(h);
-  int i;
+  unsigned int i;
   for (i = 0; i < h->sizearray; i++)  /* traverse array part */
     markvalue(g, &h->array[i]);
   for (n = gnode(h, 0); n < limit; n++) {  /* traverse hash part */
@@ -434,18 +451,18 @@ static void traversestrongtable (global_State *g, Table *h) {
 static lu_mem traversetable (global_State *g, Table *h) {
   const char *weakkey, *weakvalue;
   const TValue *mode = gfasttm(g, h->metatable, TM_MODE);
-  markobject(g, h->metatable);
+  markobjectN(g, h->metatable);
   if (mode && ttisstring(mode) &&  /* is there a weak mode? */
       ((weakkey = strchr(svalue(mode), 'k')),
        (weakvalue = strchr(svalue(mode), 'v')),
        (weakkey || weakvalue))) {  /* is really weak? */
-    black2gray(obj2gco(h));  /* keep table gray */
+    black2gray(h);  /* keep table gray */
     if (!weakkey)  /* strong keys? */
       traverseweakvalue(g, h);
     else if (!weakvalue)  /* strong values? */
       traverseephemeron(g, h);
     else  /* all weak */
-      linktable(h, &g->allweak);  /* nothing to traverse now */
+      linkgclist(h, g->allweak);  /* nothing to traverse now */
   }
   else  /* not weak */
     traversestrongtable(g, h);
@@ -454,19 +471,24 @@ static lu_mem traversetable (global_State *g, Table *h) {
 }
 
 
+/*
+** Traverse a prototype. (While a prototype is being build, its
+** arrays can be larger than needed; the extra slots are filled with
+** NULL, so the use of 'markobjectN')
+*/
 static int traverseproto (global_State *g, Proto *f) {
   int i;
-  if (f->cache && iswhite(obj2gco(f->cache)))
+  if (f->cache && iswhite(f->cache))
     f->cache = NULL;  /* allow cache to be collected */
-  markobject(g, f->source);
+  markobjectN(g, f->source);
   for (i = 0; i < f->sizek; i++)  /* mark literals */
     markvalue(g, &f->k[i]);
   for (i = 0; i < f->sizeupvalues; i++)  /* mark upvalue names */
-    markobject(g, f->upvalues[i].name);
+    markobjectN(g, f->upvalues[i].name);
   for (i = 0; i < f->sizep; i++)  /* mark nested protos */
-    markobject(g, f->p[i]);
+    markobjectN(g, f->p[i]);
   for (i = 0; i < f->sizelocvars; i++)  /* mark local-variable names */
-    markobject(g, f->locvars[i].varname);
+    markobjectN(g, f->locvars[i].varname);
   return sizeof(Proto) + sizeof(Instruction) * f->sizecode +
                          sizeof(Proto *) * f->sizep +
                          sizeof(TValue) * f->sizek +
@@ -483,34 +505,50 @@ static lu_mem traverseCclosure (global_State *g, CClosure *cl) {
   return sizeCclosure(cl->nupvalues);
 }
 
+/*
+** open upvalues point to values in a thread, so those values should
+** be marked when the thread is traversed except in the atomic phase
+** (because then the value cannot be changed by the thread and the
+** thread may not be traversed again)
+*/
 static lu_mem traverseLclosure (global_State *g, LClosure *cl) {
   int i;
-  markobject(g, cl->p);  /* mark its prototype */
-  for (i = 0; i < cl->nupvalues; i++)  /* mark its upvalues */
-    markobject(g, cl->upvals[i]);
+  markobjectN(g, cl->p);  /* mark its prototype */
+  for (i = 0; i < cl->nupvalues; i++) {  /* mark its upvalues */
+    UpVal *uv = cl->upvals[i];
+    if (uv != NULL) {
+      if (upisopen(uv) && g->gcstate != GCSinsideatomic)
+        uv->u.open.touched = 1;  /* can be marked in 'remarkupvals' */
+      else
+        markvalue(g, uv->v);
+    }
+  }
   return sizeLclosure(cl->nupvalues);
 }
 
 
-static lu_mem traversestack (global_State *g, lua_State *th) {
-  int n = 0;
+static lu_mem traversethread (global_State *g, lua_State *th) {
   StkId o = th->stack;
   if (o == NULL)
     return 1;  /* stack not completely built yet */
+  lua_assert(g->gcstate == GCSinsideatomic ||
+             th->openupval == NULL || isintwups(th));
   for (; o < th->top; o++)  /* mark live elements in the stack */
     markvalue(g, o);
-  if (g->gcstate == GCSatomic) {  /* final traversal? */
+  if (g->gcstate == GCSinsideatomic) {  /* final traversal? */
     StkId lim = th->stack + th->stacksize;  /* real end of stack */
     for (; o < lim; o++)  /* clear not-marked stack slice */
       setnilvalue(o);
+    /* 'remarkupvals' may have removed thread from 'twups' list */ 
+    if (!isintwups(th) && th->openupval != NULL) {
+      th->twups = g->twups;  /* link it back to the list */
+      g->twups = th;
+    }
   }
-  else {  /* count call infos to compute size */
-    CallInfo *ci;
-    for (ci = &th->base_ci; ci != th->ci; ci = ci->next)
-      n++;
-  }
-  return sizeof(lua_State) + sizeof(TValue) * th->stacksize +
-         sizeof(CallInfo) * n;
+  else if (g->gckind != KGC_EMERGENCY)
+    luaD_shrinkstack(th); /* do not change stack in emergency cycle */
+  return (sizeof(lua_State) + sizeof(TValue) * th->stacksize +
+          sizeof(CallInfo) * th->nci);
 }
 
 
@@ -523,7 +561,7 @@ static void propagatemark (global_State *g) {
   GCObject *o = g->gray;
   lua_assert(isgray(o));
   gray2black(o);
-  switch (gch(o)->tt) {
+  switch (o->tt) {
     case LUA_TTABLE: {
       Table *h = gco2t(o);
       g->gray = h->gclist;  /* remove from 'gray' list */
@@ -545,10 +583,9 @@ static void propagatemark (global_State *g) {
     case LUA_TTHREAD: {
       lua_State *th = gco2th(o);
       g->gray = th->gclist;  /* remove from 'gray' list */
-      th->gclist = g->grayagain;
-      g->grayagain = o;  /* insert into 'grayagain' list */
+      linkgclist(th, g->grayagain);  /* insert into 'grayagain' list */
       black2gray(o);
-      size = traversestack(g, th);
+      size = traversethread(g, th);
       break;
     }
     case LUA_TPROTO: {
@@ -568,35 +605,12 @@ static void propagateall (global_State *g) {
 }
 
 
-static void propagatelist (global_State *g, GCObject *l) {
-  lua_assert(g->gray == NULL);  /* no grays left */
-  g->gray = l;
-  propagateall(g);  /* traverse all elements from 'l' */
-}
-
-/*
-** retraverse all gray lists. Because tables may be reinserted in other
-** lists when traversed, traverse the original lists to avoid traversing
-** twice the same table (which is not wrong, but inefficient)
-*/
-static void retraversegrays (global_State *g) {
-  GCObject *weak = g->weak;  /* save original lists */
-  GCObject *grayagain = g->grayagain;
-  GCObject *ephemeron = g->ephemeron;
-  g->weak = g->grayagain = g->ephemeron = NULL;
-  propagateall(g);  /* traverse main gray list */
-  propagatelist(g, grayagain);
-  propagatelist(g, weak);
-  propagatelist(g, ephemeron);
-}
-
-
 static void convergeephemerons (global_State *g) {
   int changed;
   do {
     GCObject *w;
     GCObject *next = g->ephemeron;  /* get ephemeron list */
-    g->ephemeron = NULL;  /* tables will return to this list when traversed */
+    g->ephemeron = NULL;  /* tables may return to this list when traversed */
     changed = 0;
     while ((w = next) != NULL) {
       next = gco2t(w)->gclist;
@@ -644,7 +658,7 @@ static void clearvalues (global_State *g, GCObject *l, GCObject *f) {
   for (; l != f; l = gco2t(l)->gclist) {
     Table *h = gco2t(l);
     Node *n, *limit = gnodelast(h);
-    int i;
+    unsigned int i;
     for (i = 0; i < h->sizearray; i++) {
       TValue *o = &h->array[i];
       if (iscleared(g, o))  /* value was collected? */
@@ -660,26 +674,45 @@ static void clearvalues (global_State *g, GCObject *l, GCObject *f) {
 }
 
 
+void luaC_upvdeccount (lua_State *L, UpVal *uv) {
+  lua_assert(uv->refcount > 0);
+  uv->refcount--;
+  if (uv->refcount == 0 && !upisopen(uv))
+    luaM_free(L, uv);
+}
+
+
+static void freeLclosure (lua_State *L, LClosure *cl) {
+  int i;
+  for (i = 0; i < cl->nupvalues; i++) {
+    UpVal *uv = cl->upvals[i];
+    if (uv)
+      luaC_upvdeccount(L, uv);
+  }
+  luaM_freemem(L, cl, sizeLclosure(cl->nupvalues));
+}
+
+
 static void freeobj (lua_State *L, GCObject *o) {
-  switch (gch(o)->tt) {
+  switch (o->tt) {
     case LUA_TPROTO: luaF_freeproto(L, gco2p(o)); break;
     case LUA_TLCL: {
-      luaM_freemem(L, o, sizeLclosure(gco2lcl(o)->nupvalues));
+      freeLclosure(L, gco2lcl(o));
       break;
     }
     case LUA_TCCL: {
       luaM_freemem(L, o, sizeCclosure(gco2ccl(o)->nupvalues));
       break;
     }
-    case LUA_TUPVAL: luaF_freeupval(L, gco2uv(o)); break;
     case LUA_TTABLE: luaH_free(L, gco2t(o)); break;
     case LUA_TTHREAD: luaE_freethread(L, gco2th(o)); break;
     case LUA_TUSERDATA: luaM_freemem(L, o, sizeudata(gco2u(o))); break;
     case LUA_TSHRSTR:
-      G(L)->strt.nuse--;
-      /* go through */
+      luaS_remove(L, gco2ts(o));  /* remove it from hash table */
+      luaM_freemem(L, o, sizelstring(gco2ts(o)->shrlen));
+      break;
     case LUA_TLNGSTR: {
-      luaM_freemem(L, o, sizestring(gco2ts(o)));
+      luaM_freemem(L, o, sizelstring(gco2ts(o)->u.lnglen));
       break;
     }
     default: lua_assert(0);
@@ -692,60 +725,26 @@ static GCObject **sweeplist (lua_State *L, GCObject **p, lu_mem count);
 
 
 /*
-** sweep the (open) upvalues of a thread and resize its stack and
-** list of call-info structures.
-*/
-static void sweepthread (lua_State *L, lua_State *L1) {
-  if (L1->stack == NULL) return;  /* stack not completely built yet */
-  sweepwholelist(L, &L1->openupval);  /* sweep open upvalues */
-  luaE_freeCI(L1);  /* free extra CallInfo slots */
-  /* should not change the stack during an emergency gc cycle */
-  if (G(L)->gckind != KGC_EMERGENCY)
-    luaD_shrinkstack(L1);
-}
-
-
-/*
 ** sweep at most 'count' elements from a list of GCObjects erasing dead
-** objects, where a dead (not alive) object is one marked with the "old"
-** (non current) white and not fixed.
-** In non-generational mode, change all non-dead objects back to white,
-** preparing for next collection cycle.
-** In generational mode, keep black objects black, and also mark them as
-** old; stop when hitting an old object, as all objects after that
-** one will be old too.
-** When object is a thread, sweep its list of open upvalues too.
+** objects, where a dead object is one marked with the old (non current)
+** white; change all non-dead objects back to white, preparing for next
+** collection cycle. Return where to continue the traversal or NULL if
+** list is finished.
 */
 static GCObject **sweeplist (lua_State *L, GCObject **p, lu_mem count) {
   global_State *g = G(L);
   int ow = otherwhite(g);
-  int toclear, toset;  /* bits to clear and to set in all live objects */
-  int tostop;  /* stop sweep when this is true */
-  if (isgenerational(g)) {  /* generational mode? */
-    toclear = ~0;  /* clear nothing */
-    toset = bitmask(OLDBIT);  /* set the old bit of all surviving objects */
-    tostop = bitmask(OLDBIT);  /* do not sweep old generation */
-  }
-  else {  /* normal mode */
-    toclear = maskcolors;  /* clear all color bits + old bit */
-    toset = luaC_white(g);  /* make object white */
-    tostop = 0;  /* do not stop */
-  }
+  int white = luaC_white(g);  /* current white */
   while (*p != NULL && count-- > 0) {
     GCObject *curr = *p;
-    int marked = gch(curr)->marked;
+    int marked = curr->marked;
     if (isdeadm(ow, marked)) {  /* is 'curr' dead? */
-      *p = gch(curr)->next;  /* remove 'curr' from list */
+      *p = curr->next;  /* remove 'curr' from list */
       freeobj(L, curr);  /* erase 'curr' */
     }
-    else {
-      if (testbits(marked, tostop))
-        return NULL;  /* stop sweeping this list */
-      if (gch(curr)->tt == LUA_TTHREAD)
-        sweepthread(L, gco2th(curr));  /* sweep thread's upvalues */
-      /* update marks */
-      gch(curr)->marked = cast_byte((marked & toclear) | toset);
-      p = &gch(curr)->next;  /* go to next element */
+    else {  /* change mark to 'white' */
+      curr->marked = cast_byte((marked & maskcolors) | white);
+      p = &curr->next;  /* go to next element */
     }
   }
   return (*p == NULL) ? NULL : p;
@@ -756,7 +755,7 @@ static GCObject **sweeplist (lua_State *L, GCObject **p, lu_mem count) {
 ** sweep a list until a live object (or end of list)
 */
 static GCObject **sweeptolive (lua_State *L, GCObject **p, int *n) {
-  GCObject ** old = p;
+  GCObject **old = p;
   int i = 0;
   do {
     i++;
@@ -775,26 +774,27 @@ static GCObject **sweeptolive (lua_State *L, GCObject **p, int *n) {
 ** =======================================================
 */
 
-static void checkSizes (lua_State *L) {
-  global_State *g = G(L);
-  if (g->gckind != KGC_EMERGENCY) {  /* do not change sizes in emergency */
-    int hs = g->strt.size / 2;  /* half the size of the string table */
-    if (g->strt.nuse < cast(lu_int32, hs))  /* using less than that half? */
-      luaS_resize(L, hs);  /* halve its size */
-    luaZ_freebuffer(L, &g->buff);  /* free concatenation buffer */
+/*
+** If possible, shrink string table
+*/
+static void checkSizes (lua_State *L, global_State *g) {
+  if (g->gckind != KGC_EMERGENCY) {
+    l_mem olddebt = g->GCdebt;
+    if (g->strt.nuse < g->strt.size / 4)  /* string table too big? */
+      luaS_resize(L, g->strt.size / 2);  /* shrink it a little */
+    g->GCestimate += g->GCdebt - olddebt;  /* update estimate */
   }
 }
 
 
 static GCObject *udata2finalize (global_State *g) {
   GCObject *o = g->tobefnz;  /* get first element */
-  lua_assert(isfinalized(o));
-  g->tobefnz = gch(o)->next;  /* remove it from 'tobefnz' list */
-  gch(o)->next = g->allgc;  /* return it to 'allgc' list */
+  lua_assert(tofinalize(o));
+  g->tobefnz = o->next;  /* remove it from 'tobefnz' list */
+  o->next = g->allgc;  /* return it to 'allgc' list */
   g->allgc = o;
-  resetbit(gch(o)->marked, SEPARATED);  /* mark that it is not in 'tobefnz' */
-  lua_assert(!isold(o));  /* see MOVE OLD rule */
-  if (!keepinvariantout(g))  /* not keeping invariant? */
+  resetbit(o->marked, FINALIZEDBIT);  /* object is "normal" again */
+  if (issweepphase(g))
     makewhite(g, o);  /* "sweep" object */
   return o;
 }
@@ -802,7 +802,7 @@ static GCObject *udata2finalize (global_State *g) {
 
 static void dothecall (lua_State *L, void *ud) {
   UNUSED(ud);
-  luaD_call(L, L->top - 2, 0, 0);
+  luaD_callnoyield(L, L->top - 2, 0);
 }
 
 
@@ -839,28 +839,57 @@ static void GCTM (lua_State *L, int propagateerrors) {
 
 
 /*
+** call a few (up to 'g->gcfinnum') finalizers
+*/
+static int runafewfinalizers (lua_State *L) {
+  global_State *g = G(L);
+  unsigned int i;
+  lua_assert(!g->tobefnz || g->gcfinnum > 0);
+  for (i = 0; g->tobefnz && i < g->gcfinnum; i++)
+    GCTM(L, 1);  /* call one finalizer */
+  g->gcfinnum = (!g->tobefnz) ? 0  /* nothing more to finalize? */
+                    : g->gcfinnum * 2;  /* else call a few more next time */
+  return i;
+}
+
+
+/*
+** call all pending finalizers
+*/
+static void callallpendingfinalizers (lua_State *L, int propagateerrors) {
+  global_State *g = G(L);
+  while (g->tobefnz)
+    GCTM(L, propagateerrors);
+}
+
+
+/*
+** find last 'next' field in list 'p' list (to add elements in its end)
+*/
+static GCObject **findlast (GCObject **p) {
+  while (*p != NULL)
+    p = &(*p)->next;
+  return p;
+}
+
+
+/*
 ** move all unreachable objects (or 'all' objects) that need
 ** finalization from list 'finobj' to list 'tobefnz' (to be finalized)
 */
-static void separatetobefnz (lua_State *L, int all) {
-  global_State *g = G(L);
-  GCObject **p = &g->finobj;
+static void separatetobefnz (global_State *g, int all) {
   GCObject *curr;
-  GCObject **lastnext = &g->tobefnz;
-  /* find last 'next' field in 'tobefnz' list (to add elements in its end) */
-  while (*lastnext != NULL)
-    lastnext = &gch(*lastnext)->next;
+  GCObject **p = &g->finobj;
+  GCObject **lastnext = findlast(&g->tobefnz);
   while ((curr = *p) != NULL) {  /* traverse all finalizable objects */
-    lua_assert(!isfinalized(curr));
-    lua_assert(testbit(gch(curr)->marked, SEPARATED));
+    lua_assert(tofinalize(curr));
     if (!(iswhite(curr) || all))  /* not being collected? */
-      p = &gch(curr)->next;  /* don't bother with it */
+      p = &curr->next;  /* don't bother with it */
     else {
-      l_setbit(gch(curr)->marked, FINALIZEDBIT); /* won't be finalized again */
-      *p = gch(curr)->next;  /* remove 'curr' from 'finobj' list */
-      gch(curr)->next = *lastnext;  /* link at the end of 'tobefnz' list */
+      *p = curr->next;  /* remove 'curr' from 'finobj' list */
+      curr->next = *lastnext;  /* link at the end of 'tobefnz' list */
       *lastnext = curr;
-      lastnext = &gch(curr)->next;
+      lastnext = &curr->next;
     }
   }
 }
@@ -872,33 +901,29 @@ static void separatetobefnz (lua_State *L, int all) {
 */
 void luaC_checkfinalizer (lua_State *L, GCObject *o, Table *mt) {
   global_State *g = G(L);
-  if (testbit(gch(o)->marked, SEPARATED) || /* obj. is already separated... */
-      isfinalized(o) ||                           /* ... or is finalized... */
-      gfasttm(g, mt, TM_GC) == NULL)                /* or has no finalizer? */
+  if (tofinalize(o) ||                 /* obj. is already marked... */
+      gfasttm(g, mt, TM_GC) == NULL)   /* or has no finalizer? */
     return;  /* nothing to be done */
   else {  /* move 'o' to 'finobj' list */
     GCObject **p;
-    GCheader *ho = gch(o);
-    if (g->sweepgc == &ho->next) {  /* avoid removing current sweep object */
-      lua_assert(issweepphase(g));
-      g->sweepgc = sweeptolive(L, g->sweepgc, NULL);
+    if (issweepphase(g)) {
+      makewhite(g, o);  /* "sweep" object 'o' */
+      if (g->sweepgc == &o->next)  /* should not remove 'sweepgc' object */
+        g->sweepgc = sweeptolive(L, g->sweepgc, NULL);  /* change 'sweepgc' */
     }
     /* search for pointer pointing to 'o' */
-    for (p = &g->allgc; *p != o; p = &gch(*p)->next) { /* empty */ }
-    *p = ho->next;  /* remove 'o' from root list */
-    ho->next = g->finobj;  /* link it in list 'finobj' */
+    for (p = &g->allgc; *p != o; p = &(*p)->next) { /* empty */ }
+    *p = o->next;  /* remove 'o' from 'allgc' list */
+    o->next = g->finobj;  /* link it in 'finobj' list */
     g->finobj = o;
-    l_setbit(ho->marked, SEPARATED);  /* mark it as such */
-    if (!keepinvariantout(g))  /* not keeping invariant? */
-      makewhite(g, o);  /* "sweep" object */
-    else
-      resetoldbit(o);  /* see MOVE OLD rule */
+    l_setbit(o->marked, FINALIZEDBIT);  /* mark it as such */
   }
 }
 
 /* }====================================================== */
 
 
+
 /*
 ** {======================================================
 ** GC control
@@ -907,195 +932,168 @@ void luaC_checkfinalizer (lua_State *L, GCObject *o, Table *mt) {
 
 
 /*
-** set a reasonable "time" to wait before starting a new GC cycle;
-** cycle will start when memory use hits threshold
+** Set a reasonable "time" to wait before starting a new GC cycle; cycle
+** will start when memory use hits threshold. (Division by 'estimate'
+** should be OK: it cannot be zero (because Lua cannot even start with
+** less than PAUSEADJ bytes).
 */
-static void setpause (global_State *g, l_mem estimate) {
-  l_mem debt, threshold;
-  estimate = estimate / PAUSEADJ;  /* adjust 'estimate' */
+static void setpause (global_State *g) {
+  l_mem threshold, debt;
+  l_mem estimate = g->GCestimate / PAUSEADJ;  /* adjust 'estimate' */
+  lua_assert(estimate > 0);
   threshold = (g->gcpause < MAX_LMEM / estimate)  /* overflow? */
             ? estimate * g->gcpause  /* no overflow */
             : MAX_LMEM;  /* overflow; truncate to maximum */
-  debt = -cast(l_mem, threshold - gettotalbytes(g));
+  debt = gettotalbytes(g) - threshold;
   luaE_setdebt(g, debt);
 }
 
 
-#define sweepphases  \
-	(bitmask(GCSsweepstring) | bitmask(GCSsweepudata) | bitmask(GCSsweep))
-
-
 /*
-** enter first sweep phase (strings) and prepare pointers for other
-** sweep phases.  The calls to 'sweeptolive' make pointers point to an
-** object inside the list (instead of to the header), so that the real
-** sweep do not need to skip objects created between "now" and the start
-** of the real sweep.
+** Enter first sweep phase.
+** The call to 'sweeptolive' makes pointer point to an object inside
+** the list (instead of to the header), so that the real sweep do not
+** need to skip objects created between "now" and the start of the real
+** sweep.
 ** Returns how many objects it swept.
 */
 static int entersweep (lua_State *L) {
   global_State *g = G(L);
   int n = 0;
-  g->gcstate = GCSsweepstring;
-  lua_assert(g->sweepgc == NULL && g->sweepfin == NULL);
-  /* prepare to sweep strings, finalizable objects, and regular objects */
-  g->sweepstrgc = 0;
-  g->sweepfin = sweeptolive(L, &g->finobj, &n);
+  g->gcstate = GCSswpallgc;
+  lua_assert(g->sweepgc == NULL);
   g->sweepgc = sweeptolive(L, &g->allgc, &n);
   return n;
 }
 
 
-/*
-** change GC mode
-*/
-void luaC_changemode (lua_State *L, int mode) {
-  global_State *g = G(L);
-  if (mode == g->gckind) return;  /* nothing to change */
-  if (mode == KGC_GEN) {  /* change to generational mode */
-    /* make sure gray lists are consistent */
-    luaC_runtilstate(L, bitmask(GCSpropagate));
-    g->GCestimate = gettotalbytes(g);
-    g->gckind = KGC_GEN;
-  }
-  else {  /* change to incremental mode */
-    /* sweep all objects to turn them back to white
-       (as white has not changed, nothing extra will be collected) */
-    g->gckind = KGC_NORMAL;
-    entersweep(L);
-    luaC_runtilstate(L, ~sweepphases);
-  }
-}
-
-
-/*
-** call all pending finalizers
-*/
-static void callallpendingfinalizers (lua_State *L, int propagateerrors) {
-  global_State *g = G(L);
-  while (g->tobefnz) {
-    resetoldbit(g->tobefnz);
-    GCTM(L, propagateerrors);
-  }
-}
-
-
 void luaC_freeallobjects (lua_State *L) {
   global_State *g = G(L);
-  int i;
-  separatetobefnz(L, 1);  /* separate all objects with finalizers */
+  separatetobefnz(g, 1);  /* separate all objects with finalizers */
   lua_assert(g->finobj == NULL);
   callallpendingfinalizers(L, 0);
+  lua_assert(g->tobefnz == NULL);
   g->currentwhite = WHITEBITS; /* this "white" makes all objects look dead */
   g->gckind = KGC_NORMAL;
-  sweepwholelist(L, &g->finobj);  /* finalizers can create objs. in 'finobj' */
+  sweepwholelist(L, &g->finobj);
   sweepwholelist(L, &g->allgc);
-  for (i = 0; i < g->strt.size; i++)  /* free all string lists */
-    sweepwholelist(L, &g->strt.hash[i]);
+  sweepwholelist(L, &g->fixedgc);  /* collect fixed objects */
   lua_assert(g->strt.nuse == 0);
 }
 
 
 static l_mem atomic (lua_State *L) {
   global_State *g = G(L);
-  l_mem work = -cast(l_mem, g->GCmemtrav);  /* start counting work */
+  l_mem work;
   GCObject *origweak, *origall;
-  lua_assert(!iswhite(obj2gco(g->mainthread)));
+  GCObject *grayagain = g->grayagain;  /* save original list */
+  lua_assert(g->ephemeron == NULL && g->weak == NULL);
+  lua_assert(!iswhite(g->mainthread));
+  g->gcstate = GCSinsideatomic;
+  g->GCmemtrav = 0;  /* start counting work */
   markobject(g, L);  /* mark running thread */
   /* registry and global metatables may be changed by API */
   markvalue(g, &g->l_registry);
-  markmt(g);  /* mark basic metatables */
+  markmt(g);  /* mark global metatables */
   /* remark occasional upvalues of (maybe) dead threads */
   remarkupvals(g);
   propagateall(g);  /* propagate changes */
-  work += g->GCmemtrav;  /* stop counting (do not (re)count grays) */
-  /* traverse objects caught by write barrier and by 'remarkupvals' */
-  retraversegrays(g);
-  work -= g->GCmemtrav;  /* restart counting */
+  work = g->GCmemtrav;  /* stop counting (do not recount 'grayagain') */
+  g->gray = grayagain;
+  propagateall(g);  /* traverse 'grayagain' list */
+  g->GCmemtrav = 0;  /* restart counting */
   convergeephemerons(g);
   /* at this point, all strongly accessible objects are marked. */
-  /* clear values from weak tables, before checking finalizers */
+  /* Clear values from weak tables, before checking finalizers */
   clearvalues(g, g->weak, NULL);
   clearvalues(g, g->allweak, NULL);
   origweak = g->weak; origall = g->allweak;
   work += g->GCmemtrav;  /* stop counting (objects being finalized) */
-  separatetobefnz(L, 0);  /* separate objects to be finalized */
+  separatetobefnz(g, 0);  /* separate objects to be finalized */
+  g->gcfinnum = 1;  /* there may be objects to be finalized */
   markbeingfnz(g);  /* mark objects that will be finalized */
-  propagateall(g);  /* remark, to propagate `preserveness' */
-  work -= g->GCmemtrav;  /* restart counting */
+  propagateall(g);  /* remark, to propagate 'resurrection' */
+  g->GCmemtrav = 0;  /* restart counting */
   convergeephemerons(g);
   /* at this point, all resurrected objects are marked. */
   /* remove dead objects from weak tables */
   clearkeys(g, g->ephemeron, NULL);  /* clear keys from all ephemeron tables */
-  clearkeys(g, g->allweak, NULL);  /* clear keys from all allweak tables */
+  clearkeys(g, g->allweak, NULL);  /* clear keys from all 'allweak' tables */
   /* clear values from resurrected weak tables */
   clearvalues(g, g->weak, origweak);
   clearvalues(g, g->allweak, origall);
+  luaS_clearcache(g);
   g->currentwhite = cast_byte(otherwhite(g));  /* flip current white */
   work += g->GCmemtrav;  /* complete counting */
   return work;  /* estimate of memory marked by 'atomic' */
 }
 
 
+static lu_mem sweepstep (lua_State *L, global_State *g,
+                         int nextstate, GCObject **nextlist) {
+  if (g->sweepgc) {
+    l_mem olddebt = g->GCdebt;
+    g->sweepgc = sweeplist(L, g->sweepgc, GCSWEEPMAX);
+    g->GCestimate += g->GCdebt - olddebt;  /* update estimate */
+    if (g->sweepgc)  /* is there still something to sweep? */
+      return (GCSWEEPMAX * GCSWEEPCOST);
+  }
+  /* else enter next state */
+  g->gcstate = nextstate;
+  g->sweepgc = nextlist;
+  return 0;
+}
+
+
 static lu_mem singlestep (lua_State *L) {
   global_State *g = G(L);
   switch (g->gcstate) {
     case GCSpause: {
-      /* start to count memory traversed */
       g->GCmemtrav = g->strt.size * sizeof(GCObject*);
-      lua_assert(!isgenerational(g));
       restartcollection(g);
       g->gcstate = GCSpropagate;
       return g->GCmemtrav;
     }
     case GCSpropagate: {
-      if (g->gray) {
-        lu_mem oldtrav = g->GCmemtrav;
-        propagatemark(g);
-        return g->GCmemtrav - oldtrav;  /* memory traversed in this step */
-      }
-      else {  /* no more `gray' objects */
-        lu_mem work;
-        int sw;
-        g->gcstate = GCSatomic;  /* finish mark phase */
-        g->GCestimate = g->GCmemtrav;  /* save what was counted */;
-        work = atomic(L);  /* add what was traversed by 'atomic' */
-        g->GCestimate += work;  /* estimate of total memory traversed */ 
-        sw = entersweep(L);
-        return work + sw * GCSWEEPCOST;
-      }
+      g->GCmemtrav = 0;
+      lua_assert(g->gray);
+      propagatemark(g);
+       if (g->gray == NULL)  /* no more gray objects? */
+        g->gcstate = GCSatomic;  /* finish propagate phase */
+      return g->GCmemtrav;  /* memory traversed in this step */
     }
-    case GCSsweepstring: {
-      int i;
-      for (i = 0; i < GCSWEEPMAX && g->sweepstrgc + i < g->strt.size; i++)
-        sweepwholelist(L, &g->strt.hash[g->sweepstrgc + i]);
-      g->sweepstrgc += i;
-      if (g->sweepstrgc >= g->strt.size)  /* no more strings to sweep? */
-        g->gcstate = GCSsweepudata;
-      return i * GCSWEEPCOST;
+    case GCSatomic: {
+      lu_mem work;
+      int sw;
+      propagateall(g);  /* make sure gray list is empty */
+      work = atomic(L);  /* work is what was traversed by 'atomic' */
+      sw = entersweep(L);
+      g->GCestimate = gettotalbytes(g);  /* first estimate */;
+      return work + sw * GCSWEEPCOST;
     }
-    case GCSsweepudata: {
-      if (g->sweepfin) {
-        g->sweepfin = sweeplist(L, g->sweepfin, GCSWEEPMAX);
-        return GCSWEEPMAX*GCSWEEPCOST;
-      }
-      else {
-        g->gcstate = GCSsweep;
-        return 0;
-      }
+    case GCSswpallgc: {  /* sweep "regular" objects */
+      return sweepstep(L, g, GCSswpfinobj, &g->finobj);
     }
-    case GCSsweep: {
-      if (g->sweepgc) {
-        g->sweepgc = sweeplist(L, g->sweepgc, GCSWEEPMAX);
-        return GCSWEEPMAX*GCSWEEPCOST;
+    case GCSswpfinobj: {  /* sweep objects with finalizers */
+      return sweepstep(L, g, GCSswptobefnz, &g->tobefnz);
+    }
+    case GCSswptobefnz: {  /* sweep objects to be finalized */
+      return sweepstep(L, g, GCSswpend, NULL);
+    }
+    case GCSswpend: {  /* finish sweeps */
+      makewhite(g, g->mainthread);  /* sweep main thread */
+      checkSizes(L, g);
+      g->gcstate = GCScallfin;
+      return 0;
+    }
+    case GCScallfin: {  /* call remaining finalizers */
+      if (g->tobefnz && g->gckind != KGC_EMERGENCY) {
+        int n = runafewfinalizers(L);
+        return (n * GCFINALIZECOST);
       }
-      else {
-        /* sweep main thread */
-        GCObject *mt = obj2gco(g->mainthread);
-        sweeplist(L, &mt, 1);
-        checkSizes(L);
+      else {  /* emergency mode or no more finalizers */
         g->gcstate = GCSpause;  /* finish collection */
-        return GCSWEEPCOST;
+        return 0;
       }
     }
     default: lua_assert(0); return 0;
@@ -1114,105 +1112,70 @@ void luaC_runtilstate (lua_State *L, int statesmask) {
 }
 
 
-static void generationalcollection (lua_State *L) {
-  global_State *g = G(L);
-  lua_assert(g->gcstate == GCSpropagate);
-  if (g->GCestimate == 0) {  /* signal for another major collection? */
-    luaC_fullgc(L, 0);  /* perform a full regular collection */
-    g->GCestimate = gettotalbytes(g);  /* update control */
-  }
+/*
+** get GC debt and convert it from Kb to 'work units' (avoid zero debt
+** and overflows)
+*/
+static l_mem getdebt (global_State *g) {
+  l_mem debt = g->GCdebt;
+  int stepmul = g->gcstepmul;
+  if (debt <= 0) return 0;  /* minimal debt */
   else {
-    lu_mem estimate = g->GCestimate;
-    luaC_runtilstate(L, bitmask(GCSpause));  /* run complete (minor) cycle */
-    g->gcstate = GCSpropagate;  /* skip restart */
-    if (gettotalbytes(g) > (estimate / 100) * g->gcmajorinc)
-      g->GCestimate = 0;  /* signal for a major collection */
-    else
-      g->GCestimate = estimate;  /* keep estimate from last major coll. */
-
+    debt = (debt / STEPMULADJ) + 1;
+    debt = (debt < MAX_LMEM / stepmul) ? debt * stepmul : MAX_LMEM;
+    return debt;
   }
-  setpause(g, gettotalbytes(g));
-  lua_assert(g->gcstate == GCSpropagate);
 }
 
-
-static void incstep (lua_State *L) {
+/*
+** performs a basic GC step when collector is running
+*/
+void luaC_step (lua_State *L) {
   global_State *g = G(L);
-  l_mem debt = g->GCdebt;
-  int stepmul = g->gcstepmul;
-  if (stepmul < 40) stepmul = 40;  /* avoid ridiculous low values (and 0) */
-  /* convert debt from Kb to 'work units' (avoid zero debt and overflows) */
-  debt = (debt / STEPMULADJ) + 1;
-  debt = (debt < MAX_LMEM / stepmul) ? debt * stepmul : MAX_LMEM;
-  do {  /* always perform at least one single step */
-    lu_mem work = singlestep(L);  /* do some work */
+  l_mem debt = getdebt(g);  /* GC deficit (be paid now) */
+  if (!g->gcrunning) {  /* not running? */
+    luaE_setdebt(g, -GCSTEPSIZE * 10);  /* avoid being called too often */
+    return;
+  }
+  do {  /* repeat until pause or enough "credit" (negative debt) */
+    lu_mem work = singlestep(L);  /* perform one single step */
     debt -= work;
   } while (debt > -GCSTEPSIZE && g->gcstate != GCSpause);
   if (g->gcstate == GCSpause)
-    setpause(g, g->GCestimate);  /* pause until next cycle */
+    setpause(g);  /* pause until next cycle */
   else {
-    debt = (debt / stepmul) * STEPMULADJ;  /* convert 'work units' to Kb */
+    debt = (debt / g->gcstepmul) * STEPMULADJ;  /* convert 'work units' to Kb */
     luaE_setdebt(g, debt);
+    runafewfinalizers(L);
   }
 }
 
 
 /*
-** performs a basic GC step
-*/
-void luaC_forcestep (lua_State *L) {
-  global_State *g = G(L);
-  int i;
-  if (isgenerational(g)) generationalcollection(L);
-  else incstep(L);
-  /* run a few finalizers (or all of them at the end of a collect cycle) */
-  for (i = 0; g->tobefnz && (i < GCFINALIZENUM || g->gcstate == GCSpause); i++)
-    GCTM(L, 1);  /* call one finalizer */
-}
-
-
-/*
-** performs a basic GC step only if collector is running
-*/
-void luaC_step (lua_State *L) {
-  global_State *g = G(L);
-  if (g->gcrunning) luaC_forcestep(L);
-  else luaE_setdebt(g, -GCSTEPSIZE);  /* avoid being called too often */
-}
-
-
-
-/*
-** performs a full GC cycle; if "isemergency", does not call
-** finalizers (which could change stack positions)
+** Performs a full GC cycle; if 'isemergency', set a flag to avoid
+** some operations which could change the interpreter state in some
+** unexpected ways (running finalizers and shrinking some structures).
+** Before running the collection, check 'keepinvariant'; if it is true,
+** there may be some objects marked as black, so the collector has
+** to sweep all objects to turn them back to white (as white has not
+** changed, nothing will be collected).
 */
 void luaC_fullgc (lua_State *L, int isemergency) {
   global_State *g = G(L);
-  int origkind = g->gckind;
-  lua_assert(origkind != KGC_EMERGENCY);
-  if (isemergency)  /* do not run finalizers during emergency GC */
-    g->gckind = KGC_EMERGENCY;
-  else {
-    g->gckind = KGC_NORMAL;
-    callallpendingfinalizers(L, 1);
-  }
-  if (keepinvariant(g)) {  /* may there be some black objects? */
-    /* must sweep all objects to turn them back to white
-       (as white has not changed, nothing will be collected) */
-    entersweep(L);
+  lua_assert(g->gckind == KGC_NORMAL);
+  if (isemergency) g->gckind = KGC_EMERGENCY;  /* set flag */
+  if (keepinvariant(g)) {  /* black objects? */
+    entersweep(L); /* sweep everything to turn them back to white */
   }
   /* finish any pending sweep phase to start a new cycle */
   luaC_runtilstate(L, bitmask(GCSpause));
   luaC_runtilstate(L, ~bitmask(GCSpause));  /* start new collection */
-  luaC_runtilstate(L, bitmask(GCSpause));  /* run entire collection */
-  if (origkind == KGC_GEN) {  /* generational mode? */
-    /* generational mode must be kept in propagate phase */
-    luaC_runtilstate(L, bitmask(GCSpropagate));
-  }
-  g->gckind = origkind;
-  setpause(g, gettotalbytes(g));
-  if (!isemergency)   /* do not run finalizers during emergency GC */
-    callallpendingfinalizers(L, 1);
+  luaC_runtilstate(L, bitmask(GCScallfin));  /* run up to finalizers */
+  /* estimate must be correct after a full GC cycle */
+  lua_assert(g->GCestimate == gettotalbytes(g));
+  luaC_runtilstate(L, bitmask(GCSpause));  /* finish collection */
+  g->gckind = KGC_NORMAL;
+  setpause(g);
 }
 
 /* }====================================================== */
diff --git a/lua/lgc.h b/lua/lgc.h
index 84bb1cd..1775ca4 100644
--- a/lua/lgc.h
+++ b/lua/lgc.h
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
-** $Id: lgc.h,v 2.58.1.1 2013/04/12 18:48:47 roberto Exp $
+** $Id: lgc.h,v 2.90 2015/10/21 18:15:15 roberto Exp $
 ** Garbage Collector
 ** See Copyright Notice in lua.h
 */
@@ -38,36 +38,27 @@
 */
 #define GCSpropagate	0
 #define GCSatomic	1
-#define GCSsweepstring	2
-#define GCSsweepudata	3
-#define GCSsweep	4
-#define GCSpause	5
+#define GCSswpallgc	2
+#define GCSswpfinobj	3
+#define GCSswptobefnz	4
+#define GCSswpend	5
+#define GCScallfin	6
+#define GCSpause	7
 
 
 #define issweepphase(g)  \
-	(GCSsweepstring <= (g)->gcstate && (g)->gcstate <= GCSsweep)
+	(GCSswpallgc <= (g)->gcstate && (g)->gcstate <= GCSswpend)
 
-#define isgenerational(g)	((g)->gckind == KGC_GEN)
 
 /*
-** macros to tell when main invariant (white objects cannot point to black
-** ones) must be kept. During a non-generational collection, the sweep
+** macro to tell when main invariant (white objects cannot point to black
+** ones) must be kept. During a collection, the sweep
 ** phase may break the invariant, as objects turned white may point to
 ** still-black objects. The invariant is restored when sweep ends and
-** all objects are white again. During a generational collection, the
-** invariant must be kept all times.
+** all objects are white again.
 */
 
-#define keepinvariant(g)	(isgenerational(g) || g->gcstate <= GCSatomic)
-
-
-/*
-** Outside the collector, the state in generational mode is kept in
-** 'propagate', so 'keepinvariant' is always true.
-*/
-#define keepinvariantout(g)  \
-  check_exp(g->gcstate == GCSpropagate || !isgenerational(g),  \
-            g->gcstate <= GCSatomic)
+#define keepinvariant(g)	((g)->gcstate <= GCSatomic)
 
 
 /*
@@ -83,75 +74,74 @@
 #define testbit(x,b)		testbits(x, bitmask(b))
 
 
-/* Layout for bit use in `marked' field: */
+/* Layout for bit use in 'marked' field: */
 #define WHITE0BIT	0  /* object is white (type 0) */
 #define WHITE1BIT	1  /* object is white (type 1) */
 #define BLACKBIT	2  /* object is black */
-#define FINALIZEDBIT	3  /* object has been separated for finalization */
-#define SEPARATED	4  /* object is in 'finobj' list or in 'tobefnz' */
-#define FIXEDBIT	5  /* object is fixed (should not be collected) */
-#define OLDBIT		6  /* object is old (only in generational mode) */
+#define FINALIZEDBIT	3  /* object has been marked for finalization */
 /* bit 7 is currently used by tests (luaL_checkmemory) */
 
 #define WHITEBITS	bit2mask(WHITE0BIT, WHITE1BIT)
 
 
-#define iswhite(x)      testbits((x)->gch.marked, WHITEBITS)
-#define isblack(x)      testbit((x)->gch.marked, BLACKBIT)
+#define iswhite(x)      testbits((x)->marked, WHITEBITS)
+#define isblack(x)      testbit((x)->marked, BLACKBIT)
 #define isgray(x)  /* neither white nor black */  \
-	(!testbits((x)->gch.marked, WHITEBITS | bitmask(BLACKBIT)))
-
-#define isold(x)	testbit((x)->gch.marked, OLDBIT)
+	(!testbits((x)->marked, WHITEBITS | bitmask(BLACKBIT)))
 
-/* MOVE OLD rule: whenever an object is moved to the beginning of
-   a GC list, its old bit must be cleared */
-#define resetoldbit(o)	resetbit((o)->gch.marked, OLDBIT)
+#define tofinalize(x)	testbit((x)->marked, FINALIZEDBIT)
 
-#define otherwhite(g)	(g->currentwhite ^ WHITEBITS)
+#define otherwhite(g)	((g)->currentwhite ^ WHITEBITS)
 #define isdeadm(ow,m)	(!(((m) ^ WHITEBITS) & (ow)))
-#define isdead(g,v)	isdeadm(otherwhite(g), (v)->gch.marked)
+#define isdead(g,v)	isdeadm(otherwhite(g), (v)->marked)
 
-#define changewhite(x)	((x)->gch.marked ^= WHITEBITS)
-#define gray2black(x)	l_setbit((x)->gch.marked, BLACKBIT)
-
-#define valiswhite(x)	(iscollectable(x) && iswhite(gcvalue(x)))
+#define changewhite(x)	((x)->marked ^= WHITEBITS)
+#define gray2black(x)	l_setbit((x)->marked, BLACKBIT)
 
 #define luaC_white(g)	cast(lu_byte, (g)->currentwhite & WHITEBITS)
 
 
-#define luaC_condGC(L,c) \
-	{if (G(L)->GCdebt > 0) {c;}; condchangemem(L);}
-#define luaC_checkGC(L)		luaC_condGC(L, luaC_step(L);)
+/*
+** Does one step of collection when debt becomes positive. 'pre'/'pos'
+** allows some adjustments to be done only when needed. macro
+** 'condchangemem' is used only for heavy tests (forcing a full
+** GC cycle on every opportunity)
+*/
+#define luaC_condGC(L,pre,pos) \
+	{ if (G(L)->GCdebt > 0) { pre; luaC_step(L); pos;}; \
+	  condchangemem(L,pre,pos); }
 
+/* more often than not, 'pre'/'pos' are empty */
+#define luaC_checkGC(L)		luaC_condGC(L,,)
 
-#define luaC_barrier(L,p,v) { if (valiswhite(v) && isblack(obj2gco(p)))  \
-	luaC_barrier_(L,obj2gco(p),gcvalue(v)); }
 
-#define luaC_barrierback(L,p,v) { if (valiswhite(v) && isblack(obj2gco(p)))  \
-	luaC_barrierback_(L,p); }
+#define luaC_barrier(L,p,v) (  \
+	(iscollectable(v) && isblack(p) && iswhite(gcvalue(v))) ?  \
+	luaC_barrier_(L,obj2gco(p),gcvalue(v)) : cast_void(0))
 
-#define luaC_objbarrier(L,p,o)  \
-	{ if (iswhite(obj2gco(o)) && isblack(obj2gco(p))) \
-		luaC_barrier_(L,obj2gco(p),obj2gco(o)); }
+#define luaC_barrierback(L,p,v) (  \
+	(iscollectable(v) && isblack(p) && iswhite(gcvalue(v))) ? \
+	luaC_barrierback_(L,p) : cast_void(0))
 
-#define luaC_objbarrierback(L,p,o)  \
-   { if (iswhite(obj2gco(o)) && isblack(obj2gco(p))) luaC_barrierback_(L,p); }
+#define luaC_objbarrier(L,p,o) (  \
+	(isblack(p) && iswhite(o)) ? \
+	luaC_barrier_(L,obj2gco(p),obj2gco(o)) : cast_void(0))
 
-#define luaC_barrierproto(L,p,c) \
-   { if (isblack(obj2gco(p))) luaC_barrierproto_(L,p,c); }
+#define luaC_upvalbarrier(L,uv) ( \
+	(iscollectable((uv)->v) && !upisopen(uv)) ? \
+         luaC_upvalbarrier_(L,uv) : cast_void(0))
 
+LUAI_FUNC void luaC_fix (lua_State *L, GCObject *o);
 LUAI_FUNC void luaC_freeallobjects (lua_State *L);
 LUAI_FUNC void luaC_step (lua_State *L);
-LUAI_FUNC void luaC_forcestep (lua_State *L);
 LUAI_FUNC void luaC_runtilstate (lua_State *L, int statesmask);
 LUAI_FUNC void luaC_fullgc (lua_State *L, int isemergency);
-LUAI_FUNC GCObject *luaC_newobj (lua_State *L, int tt, size_t sz,
-                                 GCObject **list, int offset);
+LUAI_FUNC GCObject *luaC_newobj (lua_State *L, int tt, size_t sz);
 LUAI_FUNC void luaC_barrier_ (lua_State *L, GCObject *o, GCObject *v);
-LUAI_FUNC void luaC_barrierback_ (lua_State *L, GCObject *o);
-LUAI_FUNC void luaC_barrierproto_ (lua_State *L, Proto *p, Closure *c);
+LUAI_FUNC void luaC_barrierback_ (lua_State *L, Table *o);
+LUAI_FUNC void luaC_upvalbarrier_ (lua_State *L, UpVal *uv);
 LUAI_FUNC void luaC_checkfinalizer (lua_State *L, GCObject *o, Table *mt);
-LUAI_FUNC void luaC_checkupvalcolor (global_State *g, UpVal *uv);
-LUAI_FUNC void luaC_changemode (lua_State *L, int mode);
+LUAI_FUNC void luaC_upvdeccount (lua_State *L, UpVal *uv);
+
 
 #endif
diff --git a/lua/linit.c b/lua/linit.c
index c1a3830..8ce94cc 100644
--- a/lua/linit.c
+++ b/lua/linit.c
@@ -1,20 +1,33 @@
 /*
-** $Id: linit.c,v 1.32.1.1 2013/04/12 18:48:47 roberto Exp $
+** $Id: linit.c,v 1.38 2015/01/05 13:48:33 roberto Exp $
 ** Initialization of libraries for lua.c and other clients
 ** See Copyright Notice in lua.h
 */
 
 
+#define linit_c
+#define LUA_LIB
+
 /*
 ** If you embed Lua in your program and need to open the standard
 ** libraries, call luaL_openlibs in your program. If you need a
 ** different set of libraries, copy this file to your project and edit
 ** it to suit your needs.
+**
+** You can also *preload* libraries, so that a later 'require' can
+** open the library, which is already linked to the application.
+** For that, do the following code:
+**
+**  luaL_getsubtable(L, LUA_REGISTRYINDEX, "_PRELOAD");
+**  lua_pushcfunction(L, luaopen_modname);
+**  lua_setfield(L, -2, modname);
+**  lua_pop(L, 1);  // remove _PRELOAD table
 */
 
+#include "lprefix.h"
 
-#define linit_c
-#define LUA_LIB
+
+#include <stddef.h>
 
 #include "lua.h"
 
@@ -34,34 +47,22 @@ static const luaL_Reg loadedlibs[] = {
   {LUA_IOLIBNAME, luaopen_io},
   {LUA_OSLIBNAME, luaopen_os},
   {LUA_STRLIBNAME, luaopen_string},
-  {LUA_BITLIBNAME, luaopen_bit32},
   {LUA_MATHLIBNAME, luaopen_math},
+  {LUA_UTF8LIBNAME, luaopen_utf8},
   {LUA_DBLIBNAME, luaopen_debug},
-  {NULL, NULL}
-};
-
-
-/*
-** these libs are preloaded and must be required before used
-*/
-static const luaL_Reg preloadedlibs[] = {
+#if defined(LUA_COMPAT_BITLIB)
+  {LUA_BITLIBNAME, luaopen_bit32},
+#endif
   {NULL, NULL}
 };
 
 
 LUALIB_API void luaL_openlibs (lua_State *L) {
   const luaL_Reg *lib;
-  /* call open functions from 'loadedlibs' and set results to global table */
+  /* "require" functions from 'loadedlibs' and set results to global table */
   for (lib = loadedlibs; lib->func; lib++) {
     luaL_requiref(L, lib->name, lib->func, 1);
     lua_pop(L, 1);  /* remove lib */
   }
-  /* add open functions from 'preloadedlibs' into 'package.preload' table */
-  luaL_getsubtable(L, LUA_REGISTRYINDEX, "_PRELOAD");
-  for (lib = preloadedlibs; lib->func; lib++) {
-    lua_pushcfunction(L, lib->func);
-    lua_setfield(L, -2, lib->name);
-  }
-  lua_pop(L, 1);  /* remove _PRELOAD table */
 }
 
diff --git a/lua/liolib.c b/lua/liolib.c
index 2a4ec4a..a91ba39 100644
--- a/lua/liolib.c
+++ b/lua/liolib.c
@@ -1,120 +1,139 @@
 /*
-** $Id: liolib.c,v 2.112.1.1 2013/04/12 18:48:47 roberto Exp $
+** $Id: liolib.c,v 2.148 2015/11/23 11:36:11 roberto Exp $
 ** Standard I/O (and system) library
 ** See Copyright Notice in lua.h
 */
 
+#define liolib_c
+#define LUA_LIB
 
-/*
-** This definition must come before the inclusion of 'stdio.h'; it
-** should not affect non-POSIX systems
-*/
-#if !defined(_FILE_OFFSET_BITS)
-#define	_LARGEFILE_SOURCE	1
-#define _FILE_OFFSET_BITS	64
-#endif
+#include "lprefix.h"
 
 
+#include <ctype.h>
 #include <errno.h>
+#include <locale.h>
 #include <stdio.h>
 #include <stdlib.h>
 #include <string.h>
 
-#define liolib_c
-#define LUA_LIB
-
 #include "lua.h"
 
 #include "lauxlib.h"
 #include "lualib.h"
 
 
-#if !defined(lua_checkmode)
+
 
 /*
-** Check whether 'mode' matches '[rwa]%+?b?'.
 ** Change this macro to accept other modes for 'fopen' besides
 ** the standard ones.
 */
-#define lua_checkmode(mode) \
+#if !defined(l_checkmode)
+
+/* accepted extensions to 'mode' in 'fopen' */
+#if !defined(L_MODEEXT)
+#define L_MODEEXT	"b"
+#endif
+
+/* Check whether 'mode' matches '[rwa]%+?[L_MODEEXT]*' */
+#define l_checkmode(mode) \
 	(*mode != '\0' && strchr("rwa", *(mode++)) != NULL &&	\
-	(*mode != '+' || ++mode) &&  /* skip if char is '+' */	\
-	(*mode != 'b' || ++mode) &&  /* skip if char is 'b' */	\
-	(*mode == '\0'))
+	(*mode != '+' || (++mode, 1)) &&  /* skip if char is '+' */	\
+	(strspn(mode, L_MODEEXT) == strlen(mode)))
 
 #endif
 
 /*
 ** {======================================================
-** lua_popen spawns a new process connected to the current
+** l_popen spawns a new process connected to the current
 ** one through the file streams.
 ** =======================================================
 */
 
-#if !defined(lua_popen)	/* { */
-
-#if defined(LUA_USE_POPEN)	/* { */
+#if !defined(l_popen)		/* { */
 
-#define lua_popen(L,c,m)	((void)L, fflush(NULL), popen(c,m))
-#define lua_pclose(L,file)	((void)L, pclose(file))
+#if defined(LUA_USE_POSIX)	/* { */
 
-#elif defined(LUA_WIN)		/* }{ */
+#define l_popen(L,c,m)		(fflush(NULL), popen(c,m))
+#define l_pclose(L,file)	(pclose(file))
 
-#define lua_popen(L,c,m)		((void)L, _popen(c,m))
-#define lua_pclose(L,file)		((void)L, _pclose(file))
+#elif defined(LUA_USE_WINDOWS)	/* }{ */
 
+#define l_popen(L,c,m)		(_popen(c,m))
+#define l_pclose(L,file)	(_pclose(file))
 
 #else				/* }{ */
 
-#define lua_popen(L,c,m)		((void)((void)c, m),  \
-		luaL_error(L, LUA_QL("popen") " not supported"), (FILE*)0)
-#define lua_pclose(L,file)		((void)((void)L, file), -1)
-
+/* ISO C definitions */
+#define l_popen(L,c,m)  \
+	  ((void)((void)c, m), \
+	  luaL_error(L, "'popen' not supported"), \
+	  (FILE*)0)
+#define l_pclose(L,file)		((void)L, (void)file, -1)
 
 #endif				/* } */
 
-#endif			/* } */
+#endif				/* } */
 
 /* }====================================================== */
 
 
+#if !defined(l_getc)		/* { */
+
+#if defined(LUA_USE_POSIX)
+#define l_getc(f)		getc_unlocked(f)
+#define l_lockfile(f)		flockfile(f)
+#define l_unlockfile(f)		funlockfile(f)
+#else
+#define l_getc(f)		getc(f)
+#define l_lockfile(f)		((void)0)
+#define l_unlockfile(f)		((void)0)
+#endif
+
+#endif				/* } */
+
+
 /*
 ** {======================================================
-** lua_fseek: configuration for longer offsets
+** l_fseek: configuration for longer offsets
 ** =======================================================
 */
 
-#if !defined(lua_fseek)	&& !defined(LUA_ANSI)	/* { */
+#if !defined(l_fseek)		/* { */
 
 #if defined(LUA_USE_POSIX)	/* { */
 
+#include <sys/types.h>
+
 #define l_fseek(f,o,w)		fseeko(f,o,w)
 #define l_ftell(f)		ftello(f)
 #define l_seeknum		off_t
 
-#elif defined(LUA_WIN) && !defined(_CRTIMP_TYPEINFO) \
+#elif defined(LUA_USE_WINDOWS) && !defined(_CRTIMP_TYPEINFO) \
    && defined(_MSC_VER) && (_MSC_VER >= 1400)	/* }{ */
-/* Windows (but not DDK) and Visual C++ 2005 or higher */
 
+/* Windows (but not DDK) and Visual C++ 2005 or higher */
 #define l_fseek(f,o,w)		_fseeki64(f,o,w)
 #define l_ftell(f)		_ftelli64(f)
 #define l_seeknum		__int64
 
-#endif	/* } */
-
-#endif			/* } */
-
+#else				/* }{ */
 
-#if !defined(l_fseek)		/* default definitions */
+/* ISO C definitions */
 #define l_fseek(f,o,w)		fseek(f,o,w)
 #define l_ftell(f)		ftell(f)
 #define l_seeknum		long
-#endif
+
+#endif				/* } */
+
+#endif				/* } */
 
 /* }====================================================== */
 
 
 #define IO_PREFIX	"_IO_"
+#define IOPREF_LEN	(sizeof(IO_PREFIX)/sizeof(char) - 1)
 #define IO_INPUT	(IO_PREFIX "input")
 #define IO_OUTPUT	(IO_PREFIX "output")
 
@@ -161,9 +180,9 @@ static FILE *tofile (lua_State *L) {
 
 
 /*
-** When creating file handles, always creates a `closed' file handle
+** When creating file handles, always creates a 'closed' file handle
 ** before opening the actual file; so, if there is a memory error, the
-** file is not left opened.
+** handle is in a consistent state.
 */
 static LStream *newprefile (lua_State *L) {
   LStream *p = (LStream *)lua_newuserdata(L, sizeof(LStream));
@@ -173,9 +192,14 @@ static LStream *newprefile (lua_State *L) {
 }
 
 
+/*
+** Calls the 'close' function from a file handle. The 'volatile' avoids
+** a bug in some versions of the Clang compiler (e.g., clang 3.0 for
+** 32 bits).
+*/
 static int aux_close (lua_State *L) {
   LStream *p = tolstream(L);
-  lua_CFunction cf = p->closef;
+  volatile lua_CFunction cf = p->closef;
   p->closef = NULL;  /* mark stream as closed */
   return (*cf)(L);  /* close it */
 }
@@ -219,7 +243,7 @@ static void opencheck (lua_State *L, const char *fname, const char *mode) {
   LStream *p = newfile(L);
   p->f = fopen(fname, mode);
   if (p->f == NULL)
-    luaL_error(L, "cannot open file " LUA_QS " (%s)", fname, strerror(errno));
+    luaL_error(L, "cannot open file '%s' (%s)", fname, strerror(errno));
 }
 
 
@@ -228,7 +252,7 @@ static int io_open (lua_State *L) {
   const char *mode = luaL_optstring(L, 2, "r");
   LStream *p = newfile(L);
   const char *md = mode;  /* to traverse/check mode */
-  luaL_argcheck(L, lua_checkmode(md), 2, "invalid mode");
+  luaL_argcheck(L, l_checkmode(md), 2, "invalid mode");
   p->f = fopen(filename, mode);
   return (p->f == NULL) ? luaL_fileresult(L, 0, filename) : 1;
 }
@@ -239,7 +263,7 @@ static int io_open (lua_State *L) {
 */
 static int io_pclose (lua_State *L) {
   LStream *p = tolstream(L);
-  return luaL_execresult(L, lua_pclose(L, p->f));
+  return luaL_execresult(L, l_pclose(L, p->f));
 }
 
 
@@ -247,7 +271,7 @@ static int io_popen (lua_State *L) {
   const char *filename = luaL_checkstring(L, 1);
   const char *mode = luaL_optstring(L, 2, "r");
   LStream *p = newprefile(L);
-  p->f = lua_popen(L, filename, mode);
+  p->f = l_popen(L, filename, mode);
   p->closef = &io_pclose;
   return (p->f == NULL) ? luaL_fileresult(L, 0, filename) : 1;
 }
@@ -265,7 +289,7 @@ static FILE *getiofile (lua_State *L, const char *findex) {
   lua_getfield(L, LUA_REGISTRYINDEX, findex);
   p = (LStream *)lua_touserdata(L, -1);
   if (isclosed(p))
-    luaL_error(L, "standard %s file is closed", findex + strlen(IO_PREFIX));
+    luaL_error(L, "standard %s file is closed", findex + IOPREF_LEN);
   return p->f;
 }
 
@@ -300,15 +324,18 @@ static int io_output (lua_State *L) {
 static int io_readline (lua_State *L);
 
 
+/*
+** maximum number of arguments to 'f:lines'/'io.lines' (it + 3 must fit
+** in the limit for upvalues of a closure)
+*/
+#define MAXARGLINE	250
+
 static void aux_lines (lua_State *L, int toclose) {
-  int i;
   int n = lua_gettop(L) - 1;  /* number of arguments to read */
-  /* ensure that arguments will fit here and into 'io_readline' stack */
-  luaL_argcheck(L, n <= LUA_MINSTACK - 3, LUA_MINSTACK - 3, "too many options");
-  lua_pushvalue(L, 1);  /* file handle */
+  luaL_argcheck(L, n <= MAXARGLINE, MAXARGLINE + 2, "too many arguments");
   lua_pushinteger(L, n);  /* number of arguments to read */
   lua_pushboolean(L, toclose);  /* close/not close file when finished */
-  for (i = 1; i <= n; i++) lua_pushvalue(L, i + 1);  /* copy arguments */
+  lua_rotate(L, 2, 2);  /* move 'n' and 'toclose' to their positions */
   lua_pushcclosure(L, io_readline, 3 + n);
 }
 
@@ -347,13 +374,88 @@ static int io_lines (lua_State *L) {
 */
 
 
-static int read_number (lua_State *L, FILE *f) {
-  lua_Number d;
-  if (fscanf(f, LUA_NUMBER_SCAN, &d) == 1) {
-    lua_pushnumber(L, d);
-    return 1;
+/* maximum length of a numeral */
+#define MAXRN		200
+
+/* auxiliary structure used by 'read_number' */
+typedef struct {
+  FILE *f;  /* file being read */
+  int c;  /* current character (look ahead) */
+  int n;  /* number of elements in buffer 'buff' */
+  char buff[MAXRN + 1];  /* +1 for ending '\0' */
+} RN;
+
+
+/*
+** Add current char to buffer (if not out of space) and read next one
+*/
+static int nextc (RN *rn) {
+  if (rn->n >= MAXRN) {  /* buffer overflow? */
+    rn->buff[0] = '\0';  /* invalidate result */
+    return 0;  /* fail */
   }
   else {
+    rn->buff[rn->n++] = rn->c;  /* save current char */
+    rn->c = l_getc(rn->f);  /* read next one */
+    return 1;
+  }
+}
+
+
+/*
+** Accept current char if it is in 'set' (of size 1 or 2)
+*/
+static int test2 (RN *rn, const char *set) {
+  if (rn->c == set[0] || (rn->c == set[1] && rn->c != '\0'))
+    return nextc(rn);
+  else return 0;
+}
+
+
+/*
+** Read a sequence of (hex)digits
+*/
+static int readdigits (RN *rn, int hex) {
+  int count = 0;
+  while ((hex ? isxdigit(rn->c) : isdigit(rn->c)) && nextc(rn))
+    count++;
+  return count;
+}
+
+
+/*
+** Read a number: first reads a valid prefix of a numeral into a buffer.
+** Then it calls 'lua_stringtonumber' to check whether the format is
+** correct and to convert it to a Lua number
+*/
+static int read_number (lua_State *L, FILE *f) {
+  RN rn;
+  int count = 0;
+  int hex = 0;
+  char decp[2];
+  rn.f = f; rn.n = 0;
+  decp[0] = lua_getlocaledecpoint();  /* get decimal point from locale */
+  decp[1] = '\0';
+  l_lockfile(rn.f);
+  do { rn.c = l_getc(rn.f); } while (isspace(rn.c));  /* skip spaces */
+  test2(&rn, "-+");  /* optional signal */
+  if (test2(&rn, "0")) {
+    if (test2(&rn, "xX")) hex = 1;  /* numeral is hexadecimal */
+    else count = 1;  /* count initial '0' as a valid digit */
+  }
+  count += readdigits(&rn, hex);  /* integral part */
+  if (test2(&rn, decp))  /* decimal point? */
+    count += readdigits(&rn, hex);  /* fractional part */
+  if (count > 0 && test2(&rn, (hex ? "pP" : "eE"))) {  /* exponent mark? */
+    test2(&rn, "-+");  /* exponent signal */
+    readdigits(&rn, 0);  /* exponent digits */
+  }
+  ungetc(rn.c, rn.f);  /* unread look-ahead char */
+  l_unlockfile(rn.f);
+  rn.buff[rn.n] = '\0';  /* finish string */
+  if (lua_stringtonumber(L, rn.buff))  /* is this a valid number? */
+    return 1;  /* ok */
+  else {  /* invalid format */
    lua_pushnil(L);  /* "result" to be removed */
    return 0;  /* read fails */
   }
@@ -362,48 +464,42 @@ static int read_number (lua_State *L, FILE *f) {
 
 static int test_eof (lua_State *L, FILE *f) {
   int c = getc(f);
-  ungetc(c, f);
-  lua_pushlstring(L, NULL, 0);
+  ungetc(c, f);  /* no-op when c == EOF */
+  lua_pushliteral(L, "");
   return (c != EOF);
 }
 
 
 static int read_line (lua_State *L, FILE *f, int chop) {
   luaL_Buffer b;
+  int c = '\0';
   luaL_buffinit(L, &b);
-  for (;;) {
-    size_t l;
-    char *p = luaL_prepbuffer(&b);
-    if (fgets(p, LUAL_BUFFERSIZE, f) == NULL) {  /* eof? */
-      luaL_pushresult(&b);  /* close buffer */
-      return (lua_rawlen(L, -1) > 0);  /* check whether read something */
-    }
-    l = strlen(p);
-    if (l == 0 || p[l-1] != '\n')
-      luaL_addsize(&b, l);
-    else {
-      luaL_addsize(&b, l - chop);  /* chop 'eol' if needed */
-      luaL_pushresult(&b);  /* close buffer */
-      return 1;  /* read at least an `eol' */
-    }
+  while (c != EOF && c != '\n') {  /* repeat until end of line */
+    char *buff = luaL_prepbuffer(&b);  /* preallocate buffer */
+    int i = 0;
+    l_lockfile(f);  /* no memory errors can happen inside the lock */
+    while (i < LUAL_BUFFERSIZE && (c = l_getc(f)) != EOF && c != '\n')
+      buff[i++] = c;
+    l_unlockfile(f);
+    luaL_addsize(&b, i);
   }
+  if (!chop && c == '\n')  /* want a newline and have one? */
+    luaL_addchar(&b, c);  /* add ending newline to result */
+  luaL_pushresult(&b);  /* close buffer */
+  /* return ok if read something (either a newline or something else) */
+  return (c == '\n' || lua_rawlen(L, -1) > 0);
 }
 
 
-#define MAX_SIZE_T	(~(size_t)0)
-
 static void read_all (lua_State *L, FILE *f) {
-  size_t rlen = LUAL_BUFFERSIZE;  /* how much to read in each cycle */
+  size_t nr;
   luaL_Buffer b;
   luaL_buffinit(L, &b);
-  for (;;) {
-    char *p = luaL_prepbuffsize(&b, rlen);
-    size_t nr = fread(p, sizeof(char), rlen, f);
+  do {  /* read file in chunks of LUAL_BUFFERSIZE bytes */
+    char *p = luaL_prepbuffer(&b);
+    nr = fread(p, sizeof(char), LUAL_BUFFERSIZE, f);
     luaL_addsize(&b, nr);
-    if (nr < rlen) break;  /* eof? */
-    else if (rlen <= (MAX_SIZE_T / 4))  /* avoid buffers too large */
-      rlen *= 2;  /* double buffer size at each iteration */
-  }
+  } while (nr == LUAL_BUFFERSIZE);
   luaL_pushresult(&b);  /* close buffer */
 }
 
@@ -435,13 +531,13 @@ static int g_read (lua_State *L, FILE *f, int first) {
     success = 1;
     for (n = first; nargs-- && success; n++) {
       if (lua_type(L, n) == LUA_TNUMBER) {
-        size_t l = (size_t)lua_tointeger(L, n);
+        size_t l = (size_t)luaL_checkinteger(L, n);
         success = (l == 0) ? test_eof(L, f) : read_chars(L, f, l);
       }
       else {
-        const char *p = lua_tostring(L, n);
-        luaL_argcheck(L, p && p[0] == '*', n, "invalid option");
-        switch (p[1]) {
+        const char *p = luaL_checkstring(L, n);
+        if (*p == '*') p++;  /* skip optional '*' (for compatibility) */
+        switch (*p) {
           case 'n':  /* number */
             success = read_number(L, f);
             break;
@@ -488,11 +584,12 @@ static int io_readline (lua_State *L) {
   if (isclosed(p))  /* file is already closed? */
     return luaL_error(L, "file is already closed");
   lua_settop(L , 1);
+  luaL_checkstack(L, n, "too many arguments");
   for (i = 1; i <= n; i++)  /* push arguments to 'g_read' */
     lua_pushvalue(L, lua_upvalueindex(3 + i));
   n = g_read(L, p->f, 2);  /* 'n' is number of results */
   lua_assert(n > 0);  /* should return at least a nil */
-  if (!lua_isnil(L, -n))  /* read at least one value? */
+  if (lua_toboolean(L, -n))  /* read at least one value? */
     return n;  /* return them */
   else {  /* first result is nil: EOF or error */
     if (n > 1) {  /* is there error information? */
@@ -517,8 +614,10 @@ static int g_write (lua_State *L, FILE *f, int arg) {
   for (; nargs--; arg++) {
     if (lua_type(L, arg) == LUA_TNUMBER) {
       /* optimization: could be done exactly as for strings */
-      status = status &&
-          fprintf(f, LUA_NUMBER_FMT, lua_tonumber(L, arg)) > 0;
+      int len = lua_isinteger(L, arg)
+                ? fprintf(f, LUA_INTEGER_FMT, lua_tointeger(L, arg))
+                : fprintf(f, LUA_NUMBER_FMT, lua_tonumber(L, arg));
+      status = status && (len > 0);
     }
     else {
       size_t l;
@@ -548,15 +647,15 @@ static int f_seek (lua_State *L) {
   static const char *const modenames[] = {"set", "cur", "end", NULL};
   FILE *f = tofile(L);
   int op = luaL_checkoption(L, 2, "cur", modenames);
-  lua_Number p3 = luaL_optnumber(L, 3, 0);
+  lua_Integer p3 = luaL_optinteger(L, 3, 0);
   l_seeknum offset = (l_seeknum)p3;
-  luaL_argcheck(L, (lua_Number)offset == p3, 3,
+  luaL_argcheck(L, (lua_Integer)offset == p3, 3,
                   "not an integer in proper range");
   op = l_fseek(f, offset, mode[op]);
   if (op)
     return luaL_fileresult(L, 0, NULL);  /* error */
   else {
-    lua_pushnumber(L, (lua_Number)l_ftell(f));
+    lua_pushinteger(L, (lua_Integer)l_ftell(f));
     return 1;
   }
 }
@@ -568,7 +667,7 @@ static int f_setvbuf (lua_State *L) {
   FILE *f = tofile(L);
   int op = luaL_checkoption(L, 2, NULL, modenames);
   lua_Integer sz = luaL_optinteger(L, 3, LUAL_BUFFERSIZE);
-  int res = setvbuf(f, NULL, mode[op], sz);
+  int res = setvbuf(f, NULL, mode[op], (size_t)sz);
   return luaL_fileresult(L, res == 0, NULL);
 }
 
diff --git a/lua/llex.c b/lua/llex.c
index c4b820e..16ea3eb 100644
--- a/lua/llex.c
+++ b/lua/llex.c
@@ -1,20 +1,24 @@
 /*
-** $Id: llex.c,v 2.63.1.2 2013/08/30 15:49:41 roberto Exp $
+** $Id: llex.c,v 2.95 2015/11/19 19:16:22 roberto Exp $
 ** Lexical Analyzer
 ** See Copyright Notice in lua.h
 */
 
+#define llex_c
+#define LUA_CORE
+
+#include "lprefix.h"
+
 
 #include <locale.h>
 #include <string.h>
 
-#define llex_c
-#define LUA_CORE
-
 #include "lua.h"
 
 #include "lctype.h"
+#include "ldebug.h"
 #include "ldo.h"
+#include "lgc.h"
 #include "llex.h"
 #include "lobject.h"
 #include "lparser.h"
@@ -38,8 +42,9 @@ static const char *const luaX_tokens [] = {
     "end", "false", "for", "function", "goto", "if",
     "in", "local", "nil", "not", "or", "repeat",
     "return", "then", "true", "until", "while",
-    "..", "...", "==", ">=", "<=", "~=", "::", "<eof>",
-    "<number>", "<name>", "<string>"
+    "//", "..", "...", "==", ">=", "<=", "~=",
+    "<<", ">>", "::", "<eof>",
+    "<number>", "<integer>", "<name>", "<string>"
 };
 
 
@@ -53,7 +58,7 @@ static void save (LexState *ls, int c) {
   Mbuffer *b = ls->buff;
   if (luaZ_bufflen(b) + 1 > luaZ_sizebuffer(b)) {
     size_t newsize;
-    if (luaZ_sizebuffer(b) >= MAX_SIZET/2)
+    if (luaZ_sizebuffer(b) >= MAX_SIZE/2)
       lexerror(ls, "lexical element too long", 0);
     newsize = luaZ_sizebuffer(b) * 2;
     luaZ_resizebuffer(ls->L, b, newsize);
@@ -64,24 +69,25 @@ static void save (LexState *ls, int c) {
 
 void luaX_init (lua_State *L) {
   int i;
+  TString *e = luaS_newliteral(L, LUA_ENV);  /* create env name */
+  luaC_fix(L, obj2gco(e));  /* never collect this name */
   for (i=0; i<NUM_RESERVED; i++) {
     TString *ts = luaS_new(L, luaX_tokens[i]);
-    luaS_fix(ts);  /* reserved words are never collected */
-    ts->tsv.extra = cast_byte(i+1);  /* reserved word */
+    luaC_fix(L, obj2gco(ts));  /* reserved words are never collected */
+    ts->extra = cast_byte(i+1);  /* reserved word */
   }
 }
 
 
 const char *luaX_token2str (LexState *ls, int token) {
   if (token < FIRST_RESERVED) {  /* single-byte symbols? */
-    lua_assert(token == cast(unsigned char, token));
-    return (lisprint(token)) ? luaO_pushfstring(ls->L, LUA_QL("%c"), token) :
-                              luaO_pushfstring(ls->L, "char(%d)", token);
+    lua_assert(token == cast_uchar(token));
+    return luaO_pushfstring(ls->L, "'%c'", token);
   }
   else {
     const char *s = luaX_tokens[token - FIRST_RESERVED];
     if (token < TK_EOS)  /* fixed format (symbols and reserved words)? */
-      return luaO_pushfstring(ls->L, LUA_QS, s);
+      return luaO_pushfstring(ls->L, "'%s'", s);
     else  /* names, strings, and numerals */
       return s;
   }
@@ -90,11 +96,10 @@ const char *luaX_token2str (LexState *ls, int token) {
 
 static const char *txtToken (LexState *ls, int token) {
   switch (token) {
-    case TK_NAME:
-    case TK_STRING:
-    case TK_NUMBER:
+    case TK_NAME: case TK_STRING:
+    case TK_FLT: case TK_INT:
       save(ls, '\0');
-      return luaO_pushfstring(ls->L, LUA_QS, luaZ_buffer(ls->buff));
+      return luaO_pushfstring(ls->L, "'%s'", luaZ_buffer(ls->buff));
     default:
       return luaX_token2str(ls, token);
   }
@@ -102,9 +107,7 @@ static const char *txtToken (LexState *ls, int token) {
 
 
 static l_noret lexerror (LexState *ls, const char *msg, int token) {
-  char buff[LUA_IDSIZE];
-  luaO_chunkid(buff, getstr(ls->source), LUA_IDSIZE);
-  msg = luaO_pushfstring(ls->L, "%s:%d: %s", buff, ls->linenumber, msg);
+  msg = luaG_addinfo(ls->L, msg, ls->source, ls->linenumber);
   if (token)
     luaO_pushfstring(ls->L, "%s near %s", msg, txtToken(ls, token));
   luaD_throw(ls->L, LUA_ERRSYNTAX);
@@ -117,24 +120,24 @@ l_noret luaX_syntaxerror (LexState *ls, const char *msg) {
 
 
 /*
-** creates a new string and anchors it in function's table so that
-** it will not be collected until the end of the function's compilation
-** (by that time it should be anchored in function's prototype)
+** creates a new string and anchors it in scanner's table so that
+** it will not be collected until the end of the compilation
+** (by that time it should be anchored somewhere)
 */
 TString *luaX_newstring (LexState *ls, const char *str, size_t l) {
   lua_State *L = ls->L;
-  TValue *o;  /* entry for `str' */
+  TValue *o;  /* entry for 'str' */
   TString *ts = luaS_newlstr(L, str, l);  /* create new string */
   setsvalue2s(L, L->top++, ts);  /* temporarily anchor it in stack */
-  o = luaH_set(L, ls->fs->h, L->top - 1);
-  if (ttisnil(o)) {  /* not in use yet? (see 'addK') */
+  o = luaH_set(L, ls->h, L->top - 1);
+  if (ttisnil(o)) {  /* not in use yet? */
     /* boolean value does not need GC barrier;
        table has no metatable, so it does not need to invalidate cache */
     setbvalue(o, 1);  /* t[string] = true */
     luaC_checkGC(L);
   }
   else {  /* string already present */
-    ts = rawtsvalue(keyfromval(o));  /* re-use value previously stored */
+    ts = tsvalue(keyfromval(o));  /* re-use value previously stored */
   }
   L->top--;  /* remove string from stack */
   return ts;
@@ -148,16 +151,17 @@ TString *luaX_newstring (LexState *ls, const char *str, size_t l) {
 static void inclinenumber (LexState *ls) {
   int old = ls->current;
   lua_assert(currIsNewline(ls));
-  next(ls);  /* skip `\n' or `\r' */
+  next(ls);  /* skip '\n' or '\r' */
   if (currIsNewline(ls) && ls->current != old)
-    next(ls);  /* skip `\n\r' or `\r\n' */
+    next(ls);  /* skip '\n\r' or '\r\n' */
   if (++ls->linenumber >= MAX_INT)
-    luaX_syntaxerror(ls, "chunk has too many lines");
+    lexerror(ls, "chunk has too many lines", 0);
 }
 
 
 void luaX_setinput (lua_State *L, LexState *ls, ZIO *z, TString *source,
                     int firstchar) {
+  ls->t.token = 0;
   ls->decpoint = '.';
   ls->L = L;
   ls->current = firstchar;
@@ -167,8 +171,7 @@ void luaX_setinput (lua_State *L, LexState *ls, ZIO *z, TString *source,
   ls->linenumber = 1;
   ls->lastline = 1;
   ls->source = source;
-  ls->envn = luaS_new(L, LUA_ENV);  /* create env name */
-  luaS_fix(ls->envn);  /* never collect this name */
+  ls->envn = luaS_newliteral(L, LUA_ENV);  /* get env name */
   luaZ_resizebuffer(ls->L, ls->buff, LUA_MINBUFFER);  /* initialize buffer */
 }
 
@@ -181,12 +184,26 @@ void luaX_setinput (lua_State *L, LexState *ls, ZIO *z, TString *source,
 */
 
 
+static int check_next1 (LexState *ls, int c) {
+  if (ls->current == c) {
+    next(ls);
+    return 1;
+  }
+  else return 0;
+}
+
 
-static int check_next (LexState *ls, const char *set) {
-  if (ls->current == '\0' || !strchr(set, ls->current))
-    return 0;
-  save_and_next(ls);
-  return 1;
+/*
+** Check whether current char is in set 'set' (with two chars) and
+** saves it
+*/
+static int check_next2 (LexState *ls, const char *set) {
+  lua_assert(set[2] == '\0');
+  if (ls->current == set[0] || ls->current == set[1]) {
+    save_and_next(ls);
+    return 1;
+  }
+  else return 0;
 }
 
 
@@ -194,65 +211,73 @@ static int check_next (LexState *ls, const char *set) {
 ** change all characters 'from' in buffer to 'to'
 */
 static void buffreplace (LexState *ls, char from, char to) {
-  size_t n = luaZ_bufflen(ls->buff);
-  char *p = luaZ_buffer(ls->buff);
-  while (n--)
-    if (p[n] == from) p[n] = to;
+  if (from != to) {
+    size_t n = luaZ_bufflen(ls->buff);
+    char *p = luaZ_buffer(ls->buff);
+    while (n--)
+      if (p[n] == from) p[n] = to;
+  }
 }
 
 
-#if !defined(getlocaledecpoint)
-#define getlocaledecpoint()	(localeconv()->decimal_point[0])
-#endif
-
-
-#define buff2d(b,e)	luaO_str2d(luaZ_buffer(b), luaZ_bufflen(b) - 1, e)
-
 /*
 ** in case of format error, try to change decimal point separator to
 ** the one defined in the current locale and check again
 */
-static void trydecpoint (LexState *ls, SemInfo *seminfo) {
+static void trydecpoint (LexState *ls, TValue *o) {
   char old = ls->decpoint;
-  ls->decpoint = getlocaledecpoint();
+  ls->decpoint = lua_getlocaledecpoint();
   buffreplace(ls, old, ls->decpoint);  /* try new decimal separator */
-  if (!buff2d(ls->buff, &seminfo->r)) {
+  if (luaO_str2num(luaZ_buffer(ls->buff), o) == 0) {
     /* format error with correct decimal point: no more options */
     buffreplace(ls, ls->decpoint, '.');  /* undo change (for error message) */
-    lexerror(ls, "malformed number", TK_NUMBER);
+    lexerror(ls, "malformed number", TK_FLT);
   }
 }
 
 
 /* LUA_NUMBER */
 /*
-** this function is quite liberal in what it accepts, as 'luaO_str2d'
+** this function is quite liberal in what it accepts, as 'luaO_str2num'
 ** will reject ill-formed numerals.
 */
-static void read_numeral (LexState *ls, SemInfo *seminfo) {
+static int read_numeral (LexState *ls, SemInfo *seminfo) {
+  TValue obj;
   const char *expo = "Ee";
   int first = ls->current;
   lua_assert(lisdigit(ls->current));
   save_and_next(ls);
-  if (first == '0' && check_next(ls, "Xx"))  /* hexadecimal? */
+  if (first == '0' && check_next2(ls, "xX"))  /* hexadecimal? */
     expo = "Pp";
   for (;;) {
-    if (check_next(ls, expo))  /* exponent part? */
-      check_next(ls, "+-");  /* optional exponent sign */
-    if (lisxdigit(ls->current) || ls->current == '.')
+    if (check_next2(ls, expo))  /* exponent part? */
+      check_next2(ls, "-+");  /* optional exponent sign */
+    if (lisxdigit(ls->current))
+      save_and_next(ls);
+    else if (ls->current == '.')
       save_and_next(ls);
-    else  break;
+    else break;
   }
   save(ls, '\0');
   buffreplace(ls, '.', ls->decpoint);  /* follow locale for decimal point */
-  if (!buff2d(ls->buff, &seminfo->r))  /* format error? */
-    trydecpoint(ls, seminfo); /* try to update decimal point separator */
+  if (luaO_str2num(luaZ_buffer(ls->buff), &obj) == 0)  /* format error? */
+    trydecpoint(ls, &obj); /* try to update decimal point separator */
+  if (ttisinteger(&obj)) {
+    seminfo->i = ivalue(&obj);
+    return TK_INT;
+  }
+  else {
+    lua_assert(ttisfloat(&obj));
+    seminfo->r = fltvalue(&obj);
+    return TK_FLT;
+  }
 }
 
 
 /*
-** skip a sequence '[=*[' or ']=*]' and return its number of '='s or
-** -1 if sequence is malformed
+** skip a sequence '[=*[' or ']=*]'; if sequence is well formed, return
+** its number of '='s; otherwise, return a negative number (-1 iff there
+** are no '='s after initial bracket)
 */
 static int skip_sep (LexState *ls) {
   int count = 0;
@@ -268,18 +293,22 @@ static int skip_sep (LexState *ls) {
 
 
 static void read_long_string (LexState *ls, SemInfo *seminfo, int sep) {
-  save_and_next(ls);  /* skip 2nd `[' */
+  int line = ls->linenumber;  /* initial line (for error message) */
+  save_and_next(ls);  /* skip 2nd '[' */
   if (currIsNewline(ls))  /* string starts with a newline? */
     inclinenumber(ls);  /* skip it */
   for (;;) {
     switch (ls->current) {
-      case EOZ:
-        lexerror(ls, (seminfo) ? "unfinished long string" :
-                                 "unfinished long comment", TK_EOS);
+      case EOZ: {  /* error */
+        const char *what = (seminfo ? "string" : "comment");
+        const char *msg = luaO_pushfstring(ls->L,
+                     "unfinished long %s (starting at line %d)", what, line);
+        lexerror(ls, msg, TK_EOS);
         break;  /* to avoid warnings */
+      }
       case ']': {
         if (skip_sep(ls) == sep) {
-          save_and_next(ls);  /* skip 2nd `]' */
+          save_and_next(ls);  /* skip 2nd ']' */
           goto endloop;
         }
         break;
@@ -302,40 +331,65 @@ static void read_long_string (LexState *ls, SemInfo *seminfo, int sep) {
 }
 
 
-static void escerror (LexState *ls, int *c, int n, const char *msg) {
-  int i;
-  luaZ_resetbuffer(ls->buff);  /* prepare error message */
-  save(ls, '\\');
-  for (i = 0; i < n && c[i] != EOZ; i++)
-    save(ls, c[i]);
-  lexerror(ls, msg, TK_STRING);
+static void esccheck (LexState *ls, int c, const char *msg) {
+  if (!c) {
+    if (ls->current != EOZ)
+      save_and_next(ls);  /* add current to buffer for error message */
+    lexerror(ls, msg, TK_STRING);
+  }
+}
+
+
+static int gethexa (LexState *ls) {
+  save_and_next(ls);
+  esccheck (ls, lisxdigit(ls->current), "hexadecimal digit expected");
+  return luaO_hexavalue(ls->current);
 }
 
 
 static int readhexaesc (LexState *ls) {
-  int c[3], i;  /* keep input for error message */
-  int r = 0;  /* result accumulator */
-  c[0] = 'x';  /* for error message */
-  for (i = 1; i < 3; i++) {  /* read two hexadecimal digits */
-    c[i] = next(ls);
-    if (!lisxdigit(c[i]))
-      escerror(ls, c, i + 1, "hexadecimal digit expected");
-    r = (r << 4) + luaO_hexavalue(c[i]);
+  int r = gethexa(ls);
+  r = (r << 4) + gethexa(ls);
+  luaZ_buffremove(ls->buff, 2);  /* remove saved chars from buffer */
+  return r;
+}
+
+
+static unsigned long readutf8esc (LexState *ls) {
+  unsigned long r;
+  int i = 4;  /* chars to be removed: '\', 'u', '{', and first digit */
+  save_and_next(ls);  /* skip 'u' */
+  esccheck(ls, ls->current == '{', "missing '{'");
+  r = gethexa(ls);  /* must have at least one digit */
+  while ((save_and_next(ls), lisxdigit(ls->current))) {
+    i++;
+    r = (r << 4) + luaO_hexavalue(ls->current);
+    esccheck(ls, r <= 0x10FFFF, "UTF-8 value too large");
   }
+  esccheck(ls, ls->current == '}', "missing '}'");
+  next(ls);  /* skip '}' */
+  luaZ_buffremove(ls->buff, i);  /* remove saved chars from buffer */
   return r;
 }
 
 
+static void utf8esc (LexState *ls) {
+  char buff[UTF8BUFFSZ];
+  int n = luaO_utf8esc(buff, readutf8esc(ls));
+  for (; n > 0; n--)  /* add 'buff' to string */
+    save(ls, buff[UTF8BUFFSZ - n]);
+}
+
+
 static int readdecesc (LexState *ls) {
-  int c[3], i;
+  int i;
   int r = 0;  /* result accumulator */
   for (i = 0; i < 3 && lisdigit(ls->current); i++) {  /* read up to 3 digits */
-    c[i] = ls->current;
-    r = 10*r + c[i] - '0';
-    next(ls);
+    r = 10*r + ls->current - '0';
+    save_and_next(ls);
   }
-  if (r > UCHAR_MAX)
-    escerror(ls, c, i, "decimal escape too large");
+  esccheck(ls, r <= UCHAR_MAX, "decimal escape too large");
+  luaZ_buffremove(ls->buff, i);  /* remove read digits from buffer */
   return r;
 }
 
@@ -353,7 +407,7 @@ static void read_string (LexState *ls, int del, SemInfo *seminfo) {
         break;  /* to avoid warnings */
       case '\\': {  /* escape sequences */
         int c;  /* final character to be saved */
-        next(ls);  /* do not save the `\' */
+        save_and_next(ls);  /* keep '\\' for error messages */
         switch (ls->current) {
           case 'a': c = '\a'; goto read_save;
           case 'b': c = '\b'; goto read_save;
@@ -363,12 +417,14 @@ static void read_string (LexState *ls, int del, SemInfo *seminfo) {
           case 't': c = '\t'; goto read_save;
           case 'v': c = '\v'; goto read_save;
           case 'x': c = readhexaesc(ls); goto read_save;
+          case 'u': utf8esc(ls);  goto no_save;
           case '\n': case '\r':
             inclinenumber(ls); c = '\n'; goto only_save;
           case '\\': case '\"': case '\'':
             c = ls->current; goto read_save;
           case EOZ: goto no_save;  /* will raise an error next loop */
           case 'z': {  /* zap following span of spaces */
+            luaZ_buffremove(ls->buff, 1);  /* remove '\\' */
             next(ls);  /* skip the 'z' */
             while (lisspace(ls->current)) {
               if (currIsNewline(ls)) inclinenumber(ls);
@@ -377,15 +433,18 @@ static void read_string (LexState *ls, int del, SemInfo *seminfo) {
             goto no_save;
           }
           default: {
-            if (!lisdigit(ls->current))
-              escerror(ls, &ls->current, 1, "invalid escape sequence");
-            /* digital escape \ddd */
-            c = readdecesc(ls);
+            esccheck(ls, lisdigit(ls->current), "invalid escape sequence");
+            c = readdecesc(ls);  /* digital escape '\ddd' */
             goto only_save;
           }
         }
-       read_save: next(ls);  /* read next character */
-       only_save: save(ls, c);  /* save 'c' */
+       read_save:
+         next(ls);
+         /* go through */
+       only_save:
+         luaZ_buffremove(ls->buff, 1);  /* remove '\\' */
+         save(ls, c);
+         /* go through */
        no_save: break;
       }
       default:
@@ -417,7 +476,7 @@ static int llex (LexState *ls, SemInfo *seminfo) {
         next(ls);
         if (ls->current == '[') {  /* long comment? */
           int sep = skip_sep(ls);
-          luaZ_resetbuffer(ls->buff);  /* `skip_sep' may dirty the buffer */
+          luaZ_resetbuffer(ls->buff);  /* 'skip_sep' may dirty the buffer */
           if (sep >= 0) {
             read_long_string(ls, NULL, sep);  /* skip long comment */
             luaZ_resetbuffer(ls->buff);  /* previous call may dirty the buff. */
@@ -435,33 +494,41 @@ static int llex (LexState *ls, SemInfo *seminfo) {
           read_long_string(ls, seminfo, sep);
           return TK_STRING;
         }
-        else if (sep == -1) return '[';
-        else lexerror(ls, "invalid long string delimiter", TK_STRING);
+        else if (sep != -1)  /* '[=...' missing second bracket */
+          lexerror(ls, "invalid long string delimiter", TK_STRING);
+        return '[';
       }
       case '=': {
         next(ls);
-        if (ls->current != '=') return '=';
-        else { next(ls); return TK_EQ; }
+        if (check_next1(ls, '=')) return TK_EQ;
+        else return '=';
       }
       case '<': {
         next(ls);
-        if (ls->current != '=') return '<';
-        else { next(ls); return TK_LE; }
+        if (check_next1(ls, '=')) return TK_LE;
+        else if (check_next1(ls, '<')) return TK_SHL;
+        else return '<';
       }
       case '>': {
         next(ls);
-        if (ls->current != '=') return '>';
-        else { next(ls); return TK_GE; }
+        if (check_next1(ls, '=')) return TK_GE;
+        else if (check_next1(ls, '>')) return TK_SHR;
+        else return '>';
+      }
+      case '/': {
+        next(ls);
+        if (check_next1(ls, '/')) return TK_IDIV;
+        else return '/';
       }
       case '~': {
         next(ls);
-        if (ls->current != '=') return '~';
-        else { next(ls); return TK_NE; }
+        if (check_next1(ls, '=')) return TK_NE;
+        else return '~';
       }
       case ':': {
         next(ls);
-        if (ls->current != ':') return ':';
-        else { next(ls); return TK_DBCOLON; }
+        if (check_next1(ls, ':')) return TK_DBCOLON;
+        else return ':';
       }
       case '"': case '\'': {  /* short literal strings */
         read_string(ls, ls->current, seminfo);
@@ -469,18 +536,17 @@ static int llex (LexState *ls, SemInfo *seminfo) {
       }
       case '.': {  /* '.', '..', '...', or number */
         save_and_next(ls);
-        if (check_next(ls, ".")) {
-          if (check_next(ls, "."))
+        if (check_next1(ls, '.')) {
+          if (check_next1(ls, '.'))
             return TK_DOTS;   /* '...' */
           else return TK_CONCAT;   /* '..' */
         }
         else if (!lisdigit(ls->current)) return '.';
-        /* else go through */
+        else return read_numeral(ls, seminfo);
       }
       case '0': case '1': case '2': case '3': case '4':
       case '5': case '6': case '7': case '8': case '9': {
-        read_numeral(ls, seminfo);
-        return TK_NUMBER;
+        return read_numeral(ls, seminfo);
       }
       case EOZ: {
         return TK_EOS;
@@ -495,7 +561,7 @@ static int llex (LexState *ls, SemInfo *seminfo) {
                                   luaZ_bufflen(ls->buff));
           seminfo->ts = ts;
           if (isreserved(ts))  /* reserved word? */
-            return ts->tsv.extra - 1 + FIRST_RESERVED;
+            return ts->extra - 1 + FIRST_RESERVED;
           else {
             return TK_NAME;
           }
diff --git a/lua/llex.h b/lua/llex.h
index a4acdd3..afb40b5 100644
--- a/lua/llex.h
+++ b/lua/llex.h
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
-** $Id: llex.h,v 1.72.1.1 2013/04/12 18:48:47 roberto Exp $
+** $Id: llex.h,v 1.78 2014/10/29 15:38:24 roberto Exp $
 ** Lexical Analyzer
 ** See Copyright Notice in lua.h
 */
@@ -14,6 +14,10 @@
 #define FIRST_RESERVED	257
 
 
+#if !defined(LUA_ENV)
+#define LUA_ENV		"_ENV"
+#endif
+
 
 /*
 * WARNING: if you change the order of this enumeration,
@@ -26,8 +30,10 @@ enum RESERVED {
   TK_GOTO, TK_IF, TK_IN, TK_LOCAL, TK_NIL, TK_NOT, TK_OR, TK_REPEAT,
   TK_RETURN, TK_THEN, TK_TRUE, TK_UNTIL, TK_WHILE,
   /* other terminal symbols */
-  TK_CONCAT, TK_DOTS, TK_EQ, TK_GE, TK_LE, TK_NE, TK_DBCOLON, TK_EOS,
-  TK_NUMBER, TK_NAME, TK_STRING
+  TK_IDIV, TK_CONCAT, TK_DOTS, TK_EQ, TK_GE, TK_LE, TK_NE,
+  TK_SHL, TK_SHR,
+  TK_DBCOLON, TK_EOS,
+  TK_FLT, TK_INT, TK_NAME, TK_STRING
 };
 
 /* number of reserved words */
@@ -36,6 +42,7 @@ enum RESERVED {
 
 typedef union {
   lua_Number r;
+  lua_Integer i;
   TString *ts;
 } SemInfo;  /* semantics information */
 
@@ -51,13 +58,14 @@ typedef struct Token {
 typedef struct LexState {
   int current;  /* current character (charint) */
   int linenumber;  /* input line counter */
-  int lastline;  /* line of last token `consumed' */
+  int lastline;  /* line of last token 'consumed' */
   Token t;  /* current token */
   Token lookahead;  /* look ahead token */
   struct FuncState *fs;  /* current function (parser) */
   struct lua_State *L;
   ZIO *z;  /* input stream */
   Mbuffer *buff;  /* buffer for tokens */
+  Table *h;  /* to avoid collection/reuse strings */
   struct Dyndata *dyd;  /* dynamic structures used by the parser */
   TString *source;  /* current source name */
   TString *envn;  /* environment variable name */
diff --git a/lua/llimits.h b/lua/llimits.h
index 152dd05..f21377f 100644
--- a/lua/llimits.h
+++ b/lua/llimits.h
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 /*
-** $Id: llimits.h,v 1.103.1.1 2013/04/12 18:48:47 roberto Exp $
-** Limits, basic types, and some other `installation-dependent' definitions
+** $Id: llimits.h,v 1.141 2015/11/19 19:16:22 roberto Exp $
+** Limits, basic types, and some other 'installation-dependent' definitions
 ** See Copyright Notice in lua.h
 */
 
@@ -14,54 +14,77 @@
 
 #include "lua.h"
 
-
-typedef unsigned LUA_INT32 lu_int32;
-
+/*
+** 'lu_mem' and 'l_mem' are unsigned/signed integers big enough to count
+** the total memory used by Lua (in bytes). Usually, 'size_t' and
+** 'ptrdiff_t' should work, but we use 'long' for 16-bit machines.
+*/
+#if defined(LUAI_MEM)		/* { external definitions? */
 typedef LUAI_UMEM lu_mem;
-
 typedef LUAI_MEM l_mem;
+#elif LUAI_BITSINT >= 32	/* }{ */
+typedef size_t lu_mem;
+typedef ptrdiff_t l_mem;
+#else  /* 16-bit ints */	/* }{ */
+typedef unsigned long lu_mem;
+typedef long l_mem;
+#endif				/* } */
 
 
-
-/* chars used as small naturals (so that `char' is reserved for characters) */
+/* chars used as small naturals (so that 'char' is reserved for characters) */
 typedef unsigned char lu_byte;
 
 
-#define MAX_SIZET	((size_t)(~(size_t)0)-2)
+/* maximum value for size_t */
+#define MAX_SIZET	((size_t)(~(size_t)0))
+
+/* maximum size visible for Lua (must be representable in a lua_Integer */
+#define MAX_SIZE	(sizeof(size_t) < sizeof(lua_Integer) ? MAX_SIZET \
+                          : (size_t)(LUA_MAXINTEGER))
+
 
-#define MAX_LUMEM	((lu_mem)(~(lu_mem)0)-2)
+#define MAX_LUMEM	((lu_mem)(~(lu_mem)0))
 
-#define MAX_LMEM	((l_mem) ((MAX_LUMEM >> 1) - 2))
+#define MAX_LMEM	((l_mem)(MAX_LUMEM >> 1))
 
 
-#define MAX_INT (INT_MAX-2)  /* maximum value of an int (-2 for safety) */
+#define MAX_INT		INT_MAX  /* maximum value of an int */
+
 
 /*
-** conversion of pointer to integer
+** conversion of pointer to unsigned integer:
 ** this is for hashing only; there is no problem if the integer
 ** cannot hold the whole pointer value
 */
-#define IntPoint(p)  ((unsigned int)(lu_mem)(p))
+#define point2uint(p)	((unsigned int)((size_t)(p) & UINT_MAX))
 
 
 
 /* type to ensure maximum alignment */
-#if !defined(LUAI_USER_ALIGNMENT_T)
-#define LUAI_USER_ALIGNMENT_T	union { double u; void *s; long l; }
+#if defined(LUAI_USER_ALIGNMENT_T)
+typedef LUAI_USER_ALIGNMENT_T L_Umaxalign;
+#else
+typedef union {
+  lua_Number n;
+  double u;
+  void *s;
+  lua_Integer i;
+  long l;
+} L_Umaxalign;
 #endif
 
-typedef LUAI_USER_ALIGNMENT_T L_Umaxalign;
 
 
-/* result of a `usual argument conversion' over lua_Number */
+/* types of 'usual argument conversions' for lua_Number and lua_Integer */
 typedef LUAI_UACNUMBER l_uacNumber;
+typedef LUAI_UACINT l_uacInt;
 
 
 /* internal assertions for in-house debugging */
 #if defined(lua_assert)
 #define check_exp(c,e)		(lua_assert(c), (e))
 /* to avoid problems with conditions too long */
-#define lua_longassert(c)	{ if (!(c)) lua_assert(0); }
+#define lua_longassert(c)	((c) ? (void)0 : lua_assert(0))
 #else
 #define lua_assert(c)		((void)0)
 #define check_exp(c,e)		(e)
@@ -72,38 +95,49 @@ typedef LUAI_UACNUMBER l_uacNumber;
 ** assertion for checking API calls
 */
 #if !defined(luai_apicheck)
-
-#if defined(LUA_USE_APICHECK)
-#include <assert.h>
-#define luai_apicheck(L,e)	assert(e)
-#else
-#define luai_apicheck(L,e)	lua_assert(e)
-#endif
-
+#define luai_apicheck(l,e)	lua_assert(e)
 #endif
 
 #define api_check(l,e,msg)	luai_apicheck(l,(e) && msg)
 
 
+/* macro to avoid warnings about unused variables */
 #if !defined(UNUSED)
-#define UNUSED(x)	((void)(x))	/* to avoid warnings */
+#define UNUSED(x)	((void)(x))
 #endif
 
 
+/* type casts (a macro highlights casts in the code) */
 #define cast(t, exp)	((t)(exp))
 
+#define cast_void(i)	cast(void, (i))
 #define cast_byte(i)	cast(lu_byte, (i))
 #define cast_num(i)	cast(lua_Number, (i))
 #define cast_int(i)	cast(int, (i))
 #define cast_uchar(i)	cast(unsigned char, (i))
 
 
+/* cast a signed lua_Integer to lua_Unsigned */
+#if !defined(l_castS2U)
+#define l_castS2U(i)	((lua_Unsigned)(i))
+#endif
+
+/*
+** cast a lua_Unsigned to a signed lua_Integer; this cast is
+** not strict ISO C, but two-complement architectures should
+** work fine.
+*/
+#if !defined(l_castU2S)
+#define l_castU2S(i)	((lua_Integer)(i))
+#endif
+
+
 /*
 ** non-return type
 */
 #if defined(__GNUC__)
 #define l_noret		void __attribute__((noreturn))
-#elif defined(_MSC_VER)
+#elif defined(_MSC_VER) && _MSC_VER >= 1200
 #define l_noret		void __declspec(noreturn)
 #else
 #define l_noret		void
@@ -119,29 +153,50 @@ typedef LUAI_UACNUMBER l_uacNumber;
 #define LUAI_MAXCCALLS		200
 #endif
 
-/*
-** maximum number of upvalues in a closure (both C and Lua). (Value
-** must fit in an unsigned char.)
-*/
-#define MAXUPVAL	UCHAR_MAX
 
 
 /*
-** type for virtual-machine instructions
+** type for virtual-machine instructions;
 ** must be an unsigned with (at least) 4 bytes (see details in lopcodes.h)
 */
-typedef lu_int32 Instruction;
-
+#if LUAI_BITSINT >= 32
+typedef unsigned int Instruction;
+#else
+typedef unsigned long Instruction;
+#endif
 
 
-/* maximum stack for a Lua function */
-#define MAXSTACK	250
 
+/*
+** Maximum length for short strings, that is, strings that are
+** internalized. (Cannot be smaller than reserved words or tags for
+** metamethods, as these strings must be internalized;
+** #("function") = 8, #("__newindex") = 10.)
+*/
+#if !defined(LUAI_MAXSHORTLEN)
+#define LUAI_MAXSHORTLEN	40
+#endif
 
 
-/* minimum size for the string table (must be power of 2) */
+/*
+** Initial size for the string table (must be power of 2).
+** The Lua core alone registers ~50 strings (reserved words +
+** metaevent keys + a few others). Libraries would typically add
+** a few dozens more.
+*/
 #if !defined(MINSTRTABSIZE)
-#define MINSTRTABSIZE	32
+#define MINSTRTABSIZE	128
+#endif
+
+
+/*
+** Size of cache for strings in the API. 'N' is the number of
+** sets (better be a prime) and "M" is the size of each set (M == 1
+** makes a direct cache.)
+*/
+#if !defined(STRCACHE_N)
+#define STRCACHE_N		53
+#define STRCACHE_M		2
 #endif
 
 
@@ -151,13 +206,21 @@ typedef lu_int32 Instruction;
 #endif
 
 
+/*
+** macros that are executed whenever program enters the Lua core
+** ('lua_lock') and leaves the core ('lua_unlock')
+*/
 #if !defined(lua_lock)
-#define lua_lock(L)     ((void) 0)
-#define lua_unlock(L)   ((void) 0)
+#define lua_lock(L)	((void) 0)
+#define lua_unlock(L)	((void) 0)
 #endif
 
+/*
+** macro executed during Lua functions at points where the
+** function can yield.
+*/
 #if !defined(luai_threadyield)
-#define luai_threadyield(L)     {lua_unlock(L); lua_lock(L);}
+#define luai_threadyield(L)	{lua_unlock(L); lua_lock(L);}
 #endif
 
 
@@ -183,127 +246,78 @@ typedef lu_int32 Instruction;
 #endif
 
 #if !defined(luai_userstateresume)
-#define luai_userstateresume(L,n)       ((void)L)
+#define luai_userstateresume(L,n)	((void)L)
 #endif
 
 #if !defined(luai_userstateyield)
-#define luai_userstateyield(L,n)        ((void)L)
+#define luai_userstateyield(L,n)	((void)L)
 #endif
 
-/*
-** lua_number2int is a macro to convert lua_Number to int.
-** lua_number2integer is a macro to convert lua_Number to lua_Integer.
-** lua_number2unsigned is a macro to convert a lua_Number to a lua_Unsigned.
-** lua_unsigned2number is a macro to convert a lua_Unsigned to a lua_Number.
-** luai_hashnum is a macro to hash a lua_Number value into an integer.
-** The hash must be deterministic and give reasonable values for
-** both small and large values (outside the range of integers).
-*/
-
-#if defined(MS_ASMTRICK) || defined(LUA_MSASMTRICK)	/* { */
-/* trick with Microsoft assembler for X86 */
-
-#define lua_number2int(i,n)  __asm {__asm fld n   __asm fistp i}
-#define lua_number2integer(i,n)		lua_number2int(i, n)
-#define lua_number2unsigned(i,n)  \
-  {__int64 l; __asm {__asm fld n   __asm fistp l} i = (unsigned int)l;}
-
-
-#elif defined(LUA_IEEE754TRICK)		/* }{ */
-/* the next trick should work on any machine using IEEE754 with
-   a 32-bit int type */
-
-union luai_Cast { double l_d; LUA_INT32 l_p[2]; };
-
-#if !defined(LUA_IEEEENDIAN)	/* { */
-#define LUAI_EXTRAIEEE	\
-  static const union luai_Cast ieeeendian = {-(33.0 + 6755399441055744.0)};
-#define LUA_IEEEENDIANLOC	(ieeeendian.l_p[1] == 33)
-#else
-#define LUA_IEEEENDIANLOC	LUA_IEEEENDIAN
-#define LUAI_EXTRAIEEE		/* empty */
-#endif				/* } */
 
-#define lua_number2int32(i,n,t) \
-  { LUAI_EXTRAIEEE \
-    volatile union luai_Cast u; u.l_d = (n) + 6755399441055744.0; \
-    (i) = (t)u.l_p[LUA_IEEEENDIANLOC]; }
 
-#define luai_hashnum(i,n)  \
-  { volatile union luai_Cast u; u.l_d = (n) + 1.0;  /* avoid -0 */ \
-    (i) = u.l_p[0]; (i) += u.l_p[1]; }  /* add double bits for his hash */
-
-#define lua_number2int(i,n)		lua_number2int32(i, n, int)
-#define lua_number2unsigned(i,n)	lua_number2int32(i, n, lua_Unsigned)
+/*
+** The luai_num* macros define the primitive operations over numbers.
+*/
 
-/* the trick can be expanded to lua_Integer when it is a 32-bit value */
-#if defined(LUA_IEEELL)
-#define lua_number2integer(i,n)		lua_number2int32(i, n, lua_Integer)
+/* floor division (defined as 'floor(a/b)') */
+#if !defined(luai_numidiv)
+#define luai_numidiv(L,a,b)     ((void)L, l_floor(luai_numdiv(L,a,b)))
 #endif
 
-#endif				/* } */
-
-
-/* the following definitions always work, but may be slow */
-
-#if !defined(lua_number2int)
-#define lua_number2int(i,n)	((i)=(int)(n))
+/* float division */
+#if !defined(luai_numdiv)
+#define luai_numdiv(L,a,b)      ((a)/(b))
 #endif
 
-#if !defined(lua_number2integer)
-#define lua_number2integer(i,n)	((i)=(lua_Integer)(n))
+/*
+** modulo: defined as 'a - floor(a/b)*b'; this definition gives NaN when
+** 'b' is huge, but the result should be 'a'. 'fmod' gives the result of
+** 'a - trunc(a/b)*b', and therefore must be corrected when 'trunc(a/b)
+** ~= floor(a/b)'. That happens when the division has a non-integer
+** negative result, which is equivalent to the test below.
+*/
+#if !defined(luai_nummod)
+#define luai_nummod(L,a,b,m)  \
+  { (m) = l_mathop(fmod)(a,b); if ((m)*(b) < 0) (m) += (b); }
 #endif
 
-#if !defined(lua_number2unsigned)	/* { */
-/* the following definition assures proper modulo behavior */
-#if defined(LUA_NUMBER_DOUBLE) || defined(LUA_NUMBER_FLOAT)
-#include <math.h>
-#define SUPUNSIGNED	((lua_Number)(~(lua_Unsigned)0) + 1)
-#define lua_number2unsigned(i,n)  \
-	((i)=(lua_Unsigned)((n) - floor((n)/SUPUNSIGNED)*SUPUNSIGNED))
-#else
-#define lua_number2unsigned(i,n)	((i)=(lua_Unsigned)(n))
+/* exponentiation */
+#if !defined(luai_numpow)
+#define luai_numpow(L,a,b)      ((void)L, l_mathop(pow)(a,b))
 #endif
-#endif				/* } */
 
-
-#if !defined(lua_unsigned2number)
-/* on several machines, coercion from unsigned to double is slow,
-   so it may be worth to avoid */
-#define lua_unsigned2number(u)  \
-    (((u) <= (lua_Unsigned)INT_MAX) ? (lua_Number)(int)(u) : (lua_Number)(u))
+/* the others are quite standard operations */
+#if !defined(luai_numadd)
+#define luai_numadd(L,a,b)      ((a)+(b))
+#define luai_numsub(L,a,b)      ((a)-(b))
+#define luai_nummul(L,a,b)      ((a)*(b))
+#define luai_numunm(L,a)        (-(a))
+#define luai_numeq(a,b)         ((a)==(b))
+#define luai_numlt(a,b)         ((a)<(b))
+#define luai_numle(a,b)         ((a)<=(b))
+#define luai_numisnan(a)        (!luai_numeq((a), (a)))
 #endif
 
 
 
-#if defined(ltable_c) && !defined(luai_hashnum)
-
-#include <float.h>
-#include <math.h>
-
-#define luai_hashnum(i,n) { int e;  \
-  n = l_mathop(frexp)(n, &e) * (lua_Number)(INT_MAX - DBL_MAX_EXP);  \
-  lua_number2int(i, n); i += e; }
-
-#endif
-
 
 
 /*
 ** macro to control inclusion of some hard tests on stack reallocation
 */
 #if !defined(HARDSTACKTESTS)
-#define condmovestack(L)	((void)0)
+#define condmovestack(L,pre,pos)	((void)0)
 #else
 /* realloc stack keeping its size */
-#define condmovestack(L)	luaD_reallocstack((L), (L)->stacksize)
+#define condmovestack(L,pre,pos)  \
+	{ int sz_ = (L)->stacksize; pre; luaD_reallocstack((L), sz_); pos; }
 #endif
 
 #if !defined(HARDMEMTESTS)
-#define condchangemem(L)	condmovestack(L)
+#define condchangemem(L,pre,pos)	((void)0)
 #else
-#define condchangemem(L)  \
-	((void)(!(G(L)->gcrunning) || (luaC_fullgc(L, 0), 1)))
+#define condchangemem(L,pre,pos)  \
+	{ if (G(L)->gcrunning) { pre; luaC_fullgc(L, 0); pos; } }
 #endif
 
 #endif
diff --git a/lua/lmathlib.c b/lua/lmathlib.c
index fe9fc54..94815f1 100644
--- a/lua/lmathlib.c
+++ b/lua/lmathlib.c
@@ -1,16 +1,18 @@
 /*
-** $Id: lmathlib.c,v 1.83.1.1 2013/04/12 18:48:47 roberto Exp $
+** $Id: lmathlib.c,v 1.117 2015/10/02 15:39:23 roberto Exp $
 ** Standard mathematical library
 ** See Copyright Notice in lua.h
 */
 
+#define lmathlib_c
+#define LUA_LIB
+
+#include "lprefix.h"
+
 
 #include <stdlib.h>
 #include <math.h>
 
-#define lmathlib_c
-#define LUA_LIB
-
 #include "lua.h"
 
 #include "lauxlib.h"
@@ -18,13 +20,30 @@
 
 
 #undef PI
-#define PI	((lua_Number)(3.1415926535897932384626433832795))
-#define RADIANS_PER_DEGREE	((lua_Number)(PI/180.0))
-
+#define PI	(l_mathop(3.141592653589793238462643383279502884))
+
+
+#if !defined(l_rand)		/* { */
+#if defined(LUA_USE_POSIX)
+#define l_rand()	random()
+#define l_srand(x)	srandom(x)
+#define L_RANDMAX	2147483647	/* (2^31 - 1), following POSIX */
+#else
+#define l_rand()	rand()
+#define l_srand(x)	srand(x)
+#define L_RANDMAX	RAND_MAX
+#endif
+#endif				/* } */
 
 
 static int math_abs (lua_State *L) {
-  lua_pushnumber(L, l_mathop(fabs)(luaL_checknumber(L, 1)));
+  if (lua_isinteger(L, 1)) {
+    lua_Integer n = lua_tointeger(L, 1);
+    if (n < 0) n = (lua_Integer)(0u - (lua_Unsigned)n);
+    lua_pushinteger(L, n);
+  }
+  else
+    lua_pushnumber(L, l_mathop(fabs)(luaL_checknumber(L, 1)));
   return 1;
 }
 
@@ -33,31 +52,16 @@ static int math_sin (lua_State *L) {
   return 1;
 }
 
-static int math_sinh (lua_State *L) {
-  lua_pushnumber(L, l_mathop(sinh)(luaL_checknumber(L, 1)));
-  return 1;
-}
-
 static int math_cos (lua_State *L) {
   lua_pushnumber(L, l_mathop(cos)(luaL_checknumber(L, 1)));
   return 1;
 }
 
-static int math_cosh (lua_State *L) {
-  lua_pushnumber(L, l_mathop(cosh)(luaL_checknumber(L, 1)));
-  return 1;
-}
-
 static int math_tan (lua_State *L) {
   lua_pushnumber(L, l_mathop(tan)(luaL_checknumber(L, 1)));
   return 1;
 }
 
-static int math_tanh (lua_State *L) {
-  lua_pushnumber(L, l_mathop(tanh)(luaL_checknumber(L, 1)));
-  return 1;
-}
-
 static int math_asin (lua_State *L) {
   lua_pushnumber(L, l_mathop(asin)(luaL_checknumber(L, 1)));
   return 1;
@@ -69,49 +73,106 @@ static int math_acos (lua_State *L) {
 }
 
 static int math_atan (lua_State *L) {
-  lua_pushnumber(L, l_mathop(atan)(luaL_checknumber(L, 1)));
+  lua_Number y = luaL_checknumber(L, 1);
+  lua_Number x = luaL_optnumber(L, 2, 1);
+  lua_pushnumber(L, l_mathop(atan2)(y, x));
   return 1;
 }
 
-static int math_atan2 (lua_State *L) {
-  lua_pushnumber(L, l_mathop(atan2)(luaL_checknumber(L, 1),
-                                luaL_checknumber(L, 2)));
+
+static int math_toint (lua_State *L) {
+  int valid;
+  lua_Integer n = lua_tointegerx(L, 1, &valid);
+  if (valid)
+    lua_pushinteger(L, n);
+  else {
+    luaL_checkany(L, 1);
+    lua_pushnil(L);  /* value is not convertible to integer */
+  }
   return 1;
 }
 
-static int math_ceil (lua_State *L) {
-  lua_pushnumber(L, l_mathop(ceil)(luaL_checknumber(L, 1)));
-  return 1;
+
+static void pushnumint (lua_State *L, lua_Number d) {
+  lua_Integer n;
+  if (lua_numbertointeger(d, &n))  /* does 'd' fit in an integer? */
+    lua_pushinteger(L, n);  /* result is integer */
+  else
+    lua_pushnumber(L, d);  /* result is float */
 }
 
+
 static int math_floor (lua_State *L) {
-  lua_pushnumber(L, l_mathop(floor)(luaL_checknumber(L, 1)));
+  if (lua_isinteger(L, 1))
+    lua_settop(L, 1);  /* integer is its own floor */
+  else {
+    lua_Number d = l_mathop(floor)(luaL_checknumber(L, 1));
+    pushnumint(L, d);
+  }
+  return 1;
+}
+
+
+static int math_ceil (lua_State *L) {
+  if (lua_isinteger(L, 1))
+    lua_settop(L, 1);  /* integer is its own ceil */
+  else {
+    lua_Number d = l_mathop(ceil)(luaL_checknumber(L, 1));
+    pushnumint(L, d);
+  }
   return 1;
 }
 
+
 static int math_fmod (lua_State *L) {
-  lua_pushnumber(L, l_mathop(fmod)(luaL_checknumber(L, 1),
-                               luaL_checknumber(L, 2)));
+  if (lua_isinteger(L, 1) && lua_isinteger(L, 2)) {
+    lua_Integer d = lua_tointeger(L, 2);
+    if ((lua_Unsigned)d + 1u <= 1u) {  /* special cases: -1 or 0 */
+      luaL_argcheck(L, d != 0, 2, "zero");
+      lua_pushinteger(L, 0);  /* avoid overflow with 0x80000... / -1 */
+    }
+    else
+      lua_pushinteger(L, lua_tointeger(L, 1) % d);
+  }
+  else
+    lua_pushnumber(L, l_mathop(fmod)(luaL_checknumber(L, 1),
+                                     luaL_checknumber(L, 2)));
   return 1;
 }
 
+
+/*
+** next function does not use 'modf', avoiding problems with 'double*'
+** (which is not compatible with 'float*') when lua_Number is not
+** 'double'.
+*/
 static int math_modf (lua_State *L) {
-  lua_Number ip;
-  lua_Number fp = l_mathop(modf)(luaL_checknumber(L, 1), &ip);
-  lua_pushnumber(L, ip);
-  lua_pushnumber(L, fp);
+  if (lua_isinteger(L ,1)) {
+    lua_settop(L, 1);  /* number is its own integer part */
+    lua_pushnumber(L, 0);  /* no fractional part */
+  }
+  else {
+    lua_Number n = luaL_checknumber(L, 1);
+    /* integer part (rounds toward zero) */
+    lua_Number ip = (n < 0) ? l_mathop(ceil)(n) : l_mathop(floor)(n);
+    pushnumint(L, ip);
+    /* fractional part (test needed for inf/-inf) */
+    lua_pushnumber(L, (n == ip) ? l_mathop(0.0) : (n - ip));
+  }
   return 2;
 }
 
+
 static int math_sqrt (lua_State *L) {
   lua_pushnumber(L, l_mathop(sqrt)(luaL_checknumber(L, 1)));
   return 1;
 }
 
-static int math_pow (lua_State *L) {
-  lua_Number x = luaL_checknumber(L, 1);
-  lua_Number y = luaL_checknumber(L, 2);
-  lua_pushnumber(L, l_mathop(pow)(x, y));
+
+static int math_ult (lua_State *L) {
+  lua_Integer a = luaL_checkinteger(L, 1);
+  lua_Integer b = luaL_checkinteger(L, 2);
+  lua_pushboolean(L, (lua_Unsigned)a < (lua_Unsigned)b);
   return 1;
 }
 
@@ -122,145 +183,208 @@ static int math_log (lua_State *L) {
     res = l_mathop(log)(x);
   else {
     lua_Number base = luaL_checknumber(L, 2);
-    if (base == (lua_Number)10.0) res = l_mathop(log10)(x);
+#if !defined(LUA_USE_C89)
+    if (base == 2.0) res = l_mathop(log2)(x); else
+#endif
+    if (base == 10.0) res = l_mathop(log10)(x);
     else res = l_mathop(log)(x)/l_mathop(log)(base);
   }
   lua_pushnumber(L, res);
   return 1;
 }
 
-#if defined(LUA_COMPAT_LOG10)
-static int math_log10 (lua_State *L) {
-  lua_pushnumber(L, l_mathop(log10)(luaL_checknumber(L, 1)));
-  return 1;
-}
-#endif
-
 static int math_exp (lua_State *L) {
   lua_pushnumber(L, l_mathop(exp)(luaL_checknumber(L, 1)));
   return 1;
 }
 
 static int math_deg (lua_State *L) {
-  lua_pushnumber(L, luaL_checknumber(L, 1)/RADIANS_PER_DEGREE);
+  lua_pushnumber(L, luaL_checknumber(L, 1) * (l_mathop(180.0) / PI));
   return 1;
 }
 
 static int math_rad (lua_State *L) {
-  lua_pushnumber(L, luaL_checknumber(L, 1)*RADIANS_PER_DEGREE);
-  return 1;
-}
-
-static int math_frexp (lua_State *L) {
-  int e;
-  lua_pushnumber(L, l_mathop(frexp)(luaL_checknumber(L, 1), &e));
-  lua_pushinteger(L, e);
-  return 2;
-}
-
-static int math_ldexp (lua_State *L) {
-  lua_Number x = luaL_checknumber(L, 1);
-  int ep = luaL_checkint(L, 2);
-  lua_pushnumber(L, l_mathop(ldexp)(x, ep));
+  lua_pushnumber(L, luaL_checknumber(L, 1) * (PI / l_mathop(180.0)));
   return 1;
 }
 
 
-
 static int math_min (lua_State *L) {
   int n = lua_gettop(L);  /* number of arguments */
-  lua_Number dmin = luaL_checknumber(L, 1);
+  int imin = 1;  /* index of current minimum value */
   int i;
-  for (i=2; i<=n; i++) {
-    lua_Number d = luaL_checknumber(L, i);
-    if (d < dmin)
-      dmin = d;
+  luaL_argcheck(L, n >= 1, 1, "value expected");
+  for (i = 2; i <= n; i++) {
+    if (lua_compare(L, i, imin, LUA_OPLT))
+      imin = i;
   }
-  lua_pushnumber(L, dmin);
+  lua_pushvalue(L, imin);
   return 1;
 }
 
 
 static int math_max (lua_State *L) {
   int n = lua_gettop(L);  /* number of arguments */
-  lua_Number dmax = luaL_checknumber(L, 1);
+  int imax = 1;  /* index of current maximum value */
   int i;
-  for (i=2; i<=n; i++) {
-    lua_Number d = luaL_checknumber(L, i);
-    if (d > dmax)
-      dmax = d;
+  luaL_argcheck(L, n >= 1, 1, "value expected");
+  for (i = 2; i <= n; i++) {
+    if (lua_compare(L, imax, i, LUA_OPLT))
+      imax = i;
   }
-  lua_pushnumber(L, dmax);
+  lua_pushvalue(L, imax);
   return 1;
 }
 
-
+/*
+** This function uses 'double' (instead of 'lua_Number') to ensure that
+** all bits from 'l_rand' can be represented, and that 'RANDMAX + 1.0'
+** will keep full precision (ensuring that 'r' is always less than 1.0.)
+*/
 static int math_random (lua_State *L) {
-  /* the `%' avoids the (rare) case of r==1, and is needed also because on
-     some systems (SunOS!) `rand()' may return a value larger than RAND_MAX */
-  lua_Number r = (lua_Number)(rand()%RAND_MAX) / (lua_Number)RAND_MAX;
+  lua_Integer low, up;
+  double r = (double)l_rand() * (1.0 / ((double)L_RANDMAX + 1.0));
   switch (lua_gettop(L)) {  /* check number of arguments */
     case 0: {  /* no arguments */
-      lua_pushnumber(L, r);  /* Number between 0 and 1 */
-      break;
+      lua_pushnumber(L, (lua_Number)r);  /* Number between 0 and 1 */
+      return 1;
     }
     case 1: {  /* only upper limit */
-      lua_Number u = luaL_checknumber(L, 1);
-      luaL_argcheck(L, (lua_Number)1.0 <= u, 1, "interval is empty");
-      lua_pushnumber(L, l_mathop(floor)(r*u) + (lua_Number)(1.0));  /* [1, u] */
+      low = 1;
+      up = luaL_checkinteger(L, 1);
       break;
     }
     case 2: {  /* lower and upper limits */
-      lua_Number l = luaL_checknumber(L, 1);
-      lua_Number u = luaL_checknumber(L, 2);
-      luaL_argcheck(L, l <= u, 2, "interval is empty");
-      lua_pushnumber(L, l_mathop(floor)(r*(u-l+1)) + l);  /* [l, u] */
+      low = luaL_checkinteger(L, 1);
+      up = luaL_checkinteger(L, 2);
       break;
     }
     default: return luaL_error(L, "wrong number of arguments");
   }
+  /* random integer in the interval [low, up] */
+  luaL_argcheck(L, low <= up, 1, "interval is empty"); 
+  luaL_argcheck(L, low >= 0 || up <= LUA_MAXINTEGER + low, 1,
+                   "interval too large");
+  r *= (double)(up - low) + 1.0;
+  lua_pushinteger(L, (lua_Integer)r + low);
   return 1;
 }
 
 
 static int math_randomseed (lua_State *L) {
-  srand(luaL_checkunsigned(L, 1));
-  (void)rand(); /* discard first value to avoid undesirable correlations */
+  l_srand((unsigned int)(lua_Integer)luaL_checknumber(L, 1));
+  (void)l_rand(); /* discard first value to avoid undesirable correlations */
   return 0;
 }
 
 
+static int math_type (lua_State *L) {
+  if (lua_type(L, 1) == LUA_TNUMBER) {
+      if (lua_isinteger(L, 1))
+        lua_pushliteral(L, "integer"); 
+      else
+        lua_pushliteral(L, "float"); 
+  }
+  else {
+    luaL_checkany(L, 1);
+    lua_pushnil(L);
+  }
+  return 1;
+}
+
+
+/*
+** {==================================================================
+** Deprecated functions (for compatibility only)
+** ===================================================================
+*/
+#if defined(LUA_COMPAT_MATHLIB)
+
+static int math_cosh (lua_State *L) {
+  lua_pushnumber(L, l_mathop(cosh)(luaL_checknumber(L, 1)));
+  return 1;
+}
+
+static int math_sinh (lua_State *L) {
+  lua_pushnumber(L, l_mathop(sinh)(luaL_checknumber(L, 1)));
+  return 1;
+}
+
+static int math_tanh (lua_State *L) {
+  lua_pushnumber(L, l_mathop(tanh)(luaL_checknumber(L, 1)));
+  return 1;
+}
+
+static int math_pow (lua_State *L) {
+  lua_Number x = luaL_checknumber(L, 1);
+  lua_Number y = luaL_checknumber(L, 2);
+  lua_pushnumber(L, l_mathop(pow)(x, y));
+  return 1;
+}
+
+static int math_frexp (lua_State *L) {
+  int e;
+  lua_pushnumber(L, l_mathop(frexp)(luaL_checknumber(L, 1), &e));
+  lua_pushinteger(L, e);
+  return 2;
+}
+
+static int math_ldexp (lua_State *L) {
+  lua_Number x = luaL_checknumber(L, 1);
+  int ep = (int)luaL_checkinteger(L, 2);
+  lua_pushnumber(L, l_mathop(ldexp)(x, ep));
+  return 1;
+}
+
+static int math_log10 (lua_State *L) {
+  lua_pushnumber(L, l_mathop(log10)(luaL_checknumber(L, 1)));
+  return 1;
+}
+
+#endif
+/* }================================================================== */
+
+
+
 static const luaL_Reg mathlib[] = {
   {"abs",   math_abs},
   {"acos",  math_acos},
   {"asin",  math_asin},
-  {"atan2", math_atan2},
   {"atan",  math_atan},
   {"ceil",  math_ceil},
-  {"cosh",   math_cosh},
   {"cos",   math_cos},
   {"deg",   math_deg},
   {"exp",   math_exp},
+  {"tointeger", math_toint},
   {"floor", math_floor},
   {"fmod",   math_fmod},
-  {"frexp", math_frexp},
-  {"ldexp", math_ldexp},
-#if defined(LUA_COMPAT_LOG10)
-  {"log10", math_log10},
-#endif
+  {"ult",   math_ult},
   {"log",   math_log},
   {"max",   math_max},
   {"min",   math_min},
   {"modf",   math_modf},
-  {"pow",   math_pow},
   {"rad",   math_rad},
   {"random",     math_random},
   {"randomseed", math_randomseed},
-  {"sinh",   math_sinh},
   {"sin",   math_sin},
   {"sqrt",  math_sqrt},
-  {"tanh",   math_tanh},
   {"tan",   math_tan},
+  {"type", math_type},
+#if defined(LUA_COMPAT_MATHLIB)
+  {"atan2", math_atan},
+  {"cosh",   math_cosh},
+  {"sinh",   math_sinh},
+  {"tanh",   math_tanh},
+  {"pow",   math_pow},
+  {"frexp", math_frexp},
+  {"ldexp", math_ldexp},
+  {"log10", math_log10},
+#endif
+  /* placeholders */
+  {"pi", NULL},
+  {"huge", NULL},
+  {"maxinteger", NULL},
+  {"mininteger", NULL},
   {NULL, NULL}
 };
 
@@ -272,8 +396,12 @@ LUAMOD_API int luaopen_math (lua_State *L) {
   luaL_newlib(L, mathlib);
   lua_pushnumber(L, PI);
   lua_setfield(L, -2, "pi");
-  lua_pushnumber(L, HUGE_VAL);
+  lua_pushnumber(L, (lua_Number)HUGE_VAL);
   lua_setfield(L, -2, "huge");
+  lua_pushinteger(L, LUA_MAXINTEGER);
+  lua_setfield(L, -2, "maxinteger");
+  lua_pushinteger(L, LUA_MININTEGER);
+  lua_setfield(L, -2, "mininteger");
   return 1;
 }
 
diff --git a/lua/lmem.c b/lua/lmem.c
index ee343e3..0a0476c 100644
--- a/lua/lmem.c
+++ b/lua/lmem.c
@@ -1,15 +1,17 @@
 /*
-** $Id: lmem.c,v 1.84.1.1 2013/04/12 18:48:47 roberto Exp $
+** $Id: lmem.c,v 1.91 2015/03/06 19:45:54 roberto Exp $
 ** Interface to Memory Manager
 ** See Copyright Notice in lua.h
 */
 
-
-#include <stddef.h>
-
 #define lmem_c
 #define LUA_CORE
 
+#include "lprefix.h"
+
+
+#include <stddef.h>
+
 #include "lua.h"
 
 #include "ldebug.h"
@@ -24,15 +26,15 @@
 /*
 ** About the realloc function:
 ** void * frealloc (void *ud, void *ptr, size_t osize, size_t nsize);
-** (`osize' is the old size, `nsize' is the new size)
+** ('osize' is the old size, 'nsize' is the new size)
 **
-** * frealloc(ud, NULL, x, s) creates a new block of size `s' (no
+** * frealloc(ud, NULL, x, s) creates a new block of size 's' (no
 ** matter 'x').
 **
-** * frealloc(ud, p, x, 0) frees the block `p'
+** * frealloc(ud, p, x, 0) frees the block 'p'
 ** (in this specific case, frealloc must return NULL);
 ** particularly, frealloc(ud, NULL, 0, 0) does nothing
-** (which is equivalent to free(NULL) in ANSI C)
+** (which is equivalent to free(NULL) in ISO C)
 **
 ** frealloc returns NULL if it cannot create or reallocate the area
 ** (any reallocation to an equal or smaller size cannot fail!)
@@ -83,9 +85,8 @@ void *luaM_realloc_ (lua_State *L, void *block, size_t osize, size_t nsize) {
 #endif
   newblock = (*g->frealloc)(g->ud, block, osize, nsize);
   if (newblock == NULL && nsize > 0) {
-    api_check(L, nsize > realosize,
-                 "realloc cannot fail when shrinking a block");
-    if (g->gcrunning) {
+    lua_assert(nsize > realosize);  /* cannot fail when shrinking a block */
+    if (g->version) {  /* is state fully built? */
       luaC_fullgc(L, 1);  /* try to free some memory... */
       newblock = (*g->frealloc)(g->ud, block, osize, nsize);  /* try again */
     }
diff --git a/lua/lmem.h b/lua/lmem.h
index bd4f4e0..30f4848 100644
--- a/lua/lmem.h
+++ b/lua/lmem.h
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
-** $Id: lmem.h,v 1.40.1.1 2013/04/12 18:48:47 roberto Exp $
+** $Id: lmem.h,v 1.43 2014/12/19 17:26:14 roberto Exp $
 ** Interface to Memory Manager
 ** See Copyright Notice in lua.h
 */
@@ -15,20 +15,32 @@
 
 
 /*
-** This macro avoids the runtime division MAX_SIZET/(e), as 'e' is
-** always constant.
-** The macro is somewhat complex to avoid warnings:
-** +1 avoids warnings of "comparison has constant result";
-** cast to 'void' avoids warnings of "value unused".
+** This macro reallocs a vector 'b' from 'on' to 'n' elements, where
+** each element has size 'e'. In case of arithmetic overflow of the
+** product 'n'*'e', it raises an error (calling 'luaM_toobig'). Because
+** 'e' is always constant, it avoids the runtime division MAX_SIZET/(e).
+**
+** (The macro is somewhat complex to avoid warnings:  The 'sizeof'
+** comparison avoids a runtime comparison when overflow cannot occur.
+** The compiler should be able to optimize the real test by itself, but
+** when it does it, it may give a warning about "comparison is always
+** false due to limited range of data type"; the +1 tricks the compiler,
+** avoiding this warning but also this optimization.)
 */
 #define luaM_reallocv(L,b,on,n,e) \
-  (cast(void, \
-     (cast(size_t, (n)+1) > MAX_SIZET/(e)) ? (luaM_toobig(L), 0) : 0), \
+  (((sizeof(n) >= sizeof(size_t) && cast(size_t, (n)) + 1 > MAX_SIZET/(e)) \
+      ? luaM_toobig(L) : cast_void(0)) , \
    luaM_realloc_(L, (b), (on)*(e), (n)*(e)))
 
+/*
+** Arrays of chars do not need any test
+*/
+#define luaM_reallocvchar(L,b,on,n)  \
+    cast(char *, luaM_realloc_(L, (b), (on)*sizeof(char), (n)*sizeof(char)))
+
 #define luaM_freemem(L, b, s)	luaM_realloc_(L, (b), (s), 0)
 #define luaM_free(L, b)		luaM_realloc_(L, (b), sizeof(*(b)), 0)
-#define luaM_freearray(L, b, n)   luaM_reallocv(L, (b), n, 0, sizeof((b)[0]))
+#define luaM_freearray(L, b, n)   luaM_realloc_(L, (b), (n)*sizeof(*(b)), 0)
 
 #define luaM_malloc(L,s)	luaM_realloc_(L, NULL, 0, (s))
 #define luaM_new(L,t)		cast(t *, luaM_malloc(L, sizeof(t)))
diff --git a/lua/loadlib.c b/lua/loadlib.c
index bedbea3..7911928 100644
--- a/lua/loadlib.c
+++ b/lua/loadlib.c
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
-** $Id: loadlib.c,v 1.111.1.1 2013/04/12 18:48:47 roberto Exp $
+** $Id: loadlib.c,v 1.127 2015/11/23 11:30:45 roberto Exp $
 ** Dynamic library loader for Lua
 ** See Copyright Notice in lua.h
 **
@@ -8,22 +8,16 @@
 ** systems.
 */
 
+#define loadlib_c
+#define LUA_LIB
 
-/*
-** if needed, includes windows header before everything else
-*/
-#if defined(_WIN32)
-#include <windows.h>
-#endif
+#include "lprefix.h"
 
 
+#include <stdio.h>
 #include <stdlib.h>
 #include <string.h>
 
-
-#define loadlib_c
-#define LUA_LIB
-
 #include "lua.h"
 
 #include "lauxlib.h"
@@ -31,21 +25,21 @@
 
 
 /*
-** LUA_PATH and LUA_CPATH are the names of the environment
+** LUA_PATH_VAR and LUA_CPATH_VAR are the names of the environment
 ** variables that Lua check to set its paths.
 */
-#if !defined(LUA_PATH)
-#define LUA_PATH	"LUA_PATH"
+#if !defined(LUA_PATH_VAR)
+#define LUA_PATH_VAR	"LUA_PATH"
 #endif
 
-#if !defined(LUA_CPATH)
-#define LUA_CPATH	"LUA_CPATH"
+#if !defined(LUA_CPATH_VAR)
+#define LUA_CPATH_VAR	"LUA_CPATH"
 #endif
 
 #define LUA_PATHSUFFIX		"_" LUA_VERSION_MAJOR "_" LUA_VERSION_MINOR
 
-#define LUA_PATHVERSION		LUA_PATH LUA_PATHSUFFIX
-#define LUA_CPATHVERSION	LUA_CPATH LUA_PATHSUFFIX
+#define LUA_PATHVARVERSION		LUA_PATH_VAR LUA_PATHSUFFIX
+#define LUA_CPATHVARVERSION		LUA_CPATH_VAR LUA_PATHSUFFIX
 
 /*
 ** LUA_PATH_SEP is the character that separates templates in a path.
@@ -92,29 +86,45 @@
 #define LUA_OFSEP	"_"
 
 
-/* table (in the registry) that keeps handles for all loaded C libraries */
-#define CLIBS		"_CLIBS"
+/*
+** unique key for table in the registry that keeps handles
+** for all loaded C libraries
+*/
+static const int CLIBS = 0;
 
 #define LIB_FAIL	"open"
 
-
-/* error codes for ll_loadfunc */
-#define ERRLIB		1
-#define ERRFUNC		2
-
 #define setprogdir(L)		((void)0)
 
 
 /*
 ** system-dependent functions
 */
-static void ll_unloadlib (void *lib);
-static void *ll_load (lua_State *L, const char *path, int seeglb);
-static lua_CFunction ll_sym (lua_State *L, void *lib, const char *sym);
 
+/*
+** unload library 'lib'
+*/
+static void lsys_unloadlib (void *lib);
+
+/*
+** load C library in file 'path'. If 'seeglb', load with all names in
+** the library global.
+** Returns the library; in case of error, returns NULL plus an
+** error string in the stack.
+*/
+static void *lsys_load (lua_State *L, const char *path, int seeglb);
+
+/*
+** Try to find a function named 'sym' in library 'lib'.
+** Returns the function; in case of error, returns NULL plus an
+** error string in the stack.
+*/
+static lua_CFunction lsys_sym (lua_State *L, void *lib, const char *sym);
 
 
-#if defined(LUA_USE_DLOPEN)
+
+
+#if defined(LUA_USE_DLOPEN)	/* { */
 /*
 ** {========================================================================
 ** This is an implementation of loadlib based on the dlfcn interface.
@@ -126,20 +136,32 @@ static lua_CFunction ll_sym (lua_State *L, void *lib, const char *sym);
 
 #include <dlfcn.h>
 
-static void ll_unloadlib (void *lib) {
+/*
+** Macro to convert pointer-to-void* to pointer-to-function. This cast
+** is undefined according to ISO C, but POSIX assumes that it works.
+** (The '__extension__' in gnu compilers is only to avoid warnings.)
+*/
+#if defined(__GNUC__)
+#define cast_func(p) (__extension__ (lua_CFunction)(p))
+#else
+#define cast_func(p) ((lua_CFunction)(p))
+#endif
+
+
+static void lsys_unloadlib (void *lib) {
   dlclose(lib);
 }
 
 
-static void *ll_load (lua_State *L, const char *path, int seeglb) {
+static void *lsys_load (lua_State *L, const char *path, int seeglb) {
   void *lib = dlopen(path, RTLD_NOW | (seeglb ? RTLD_GLOBAL : RTLD_LOCAL));
   if (lib == NULL) lua_pushstring(L, dlerror());
   return lib;
 }
 
 
-static lua_CFunction ll_sym (lua_State *L, void *lib, const char *sym) {
-  lua_CFunction f = (lua_CFunction)dlsym(lib, sym);
+static lua_CFunction lsys_sym (lua_State *L, void *lib, const char *sym) {
+  lua_CFunction f = cast_func(dlsym(lib, sym));
   if (f == NULL) lua_pushstring(L, dlerror());
   return f;
 }
@@ -148,13 +170,15 @@ static lua_CFunction ll_sym (lua_State *L, void *lib, const char *sym) {
 
 
 
-#elif defined(LUA_DL_DLL)
+#elif defined(LUA_DL_DLL)	/* }{ */
 /*
 ** {======================================================================
 ** This is an implementation of loadlib for Windows using native functions.
 ** =======================================================================
 */
 
+#include <windows.h>
+
 #undef setprogdir
 
 /*
@@ -190,12 +214,12 @@ static void pusherror (lua_State *L) {
     lua_pushfstring(L, "system error %d\n", error);
 }
 
-static void ll_unloadlib (void *lib) {
+static void lsys_unloadlib (void *lib) {
   FreeLibrary((HMODULE)lib);
 }
 
 
-static void *ll_load (lua_State *L, const char *path, int seeglb) {
+static void *lsys_load (lua_State *L, const char *path, int seeglb) {
   HMODULE lib = LoadLibraryExA(path, NULL, LUA_LLE_FLAGS);
   (void)(seeglb);  /* not used: symbols are 'global' by default */
   if (lib == NULL) pusherror(L);
@@ -203,7 +227,7 @@ static void *ll_load (lua_State *L, const char *path, int seeglb) {
 }
 
 
-static lua_CFunction ll_sym (lua_State *L, void *lib, const char *sym) {
+static lua_CFunction lsys_sym (lua_State *L, void *lib, const char *sym) {
   lua_CFunction f = (lua_CFunction)GetProcAddress((HMODULE)lib, sym);
   if (f == NULL) pusherror(L);
   return f;
@@ -212,7 +236,7 @@ static lua_CFunction ll_sym (lua_State *L, void *lib, const char *sym) {
 /* }====================================================== */
 
 
-#else
+#else				/* }{ */
 /*
 ** {======================================================
 ** Fallback for other systems
@@ -226,31 +250,34 @@ static lua_CFunction ll_sym (lua_State *L, void *lib, const char *sym) {
 #define DLMSG	"dynamic libraries not enabled; check your Lua installation"
 
 
-static void ll_unloadlib (void *lib) {
+static void lsys_unloadlib (void *lib) {
   (void)(lib);  /* not used */
 }
 
 
-static void *ll_load (lua_State *L, const char *path, int seeglb) {
+static void *lsys_load (lua_State *L, const char *path, int seeglb) {
   (void)(path); (void)(seeglb);  /* not used */
   lua_pushliteral(L, DLMSG);
   return NULL;
 }
 
 
-static lua_CFunction ll_sym (lua_State *L, void *lib, const char *sym) {
+static lua_CFunction lsys_sym (lua_State *L, void *lib, const char *sym) {
   (void)(lib); (void)(sym);  /* not used */
   lua_pushliteral(L, DLMSG);
   return NULL;
 }
 
 /* }====================================================== */
-#endif
+#endif				/* } */
 
 
-static void *ll_checkclib (lua_State *L, const char *path) {
+/*
+** return registry.CLIBS[path]
+*/
+static void *checkclib (lua_State *L, const char *path) {
   void *plib;
-  lua_getfield(L, LUA_REGISTRYINDEX, CLIBS);
+  lua_rawgetp(L, LUA_REGISTRYINDEX, &CLIBS);
   lua_getfield(L, -1, path);
   plib = lua_touserdata(L, -1);  /* plib = CLIBS[path] */
   lua_pop(L, 2);  /* pop CLIBS table and 'plib' */
@@ -258,8 +285,12 @@ static void *ll_checkclib (lua_State *L, const char *path) {
 }
 
 
-static void ll_addtoclib (lua_State *L, const char *path, void *plib) {
-  lua_getfield(L, LUA_REGISTRYINDEX, CLIBS);
+/*
+** registry.CLIBS[path] = plib        -- for queries
+** registry.CLIBS[#CLIBS + 1] = plib  -- also keep a list of all libraries
+*/
+static void addtoclib (lua_State *L, const char *path, void *plib) {
+  lua_rawgetp(L, LUA_REGISTRYINDEX, &CLIBS);
   lua_pushlightuserdata(L, plib);
   lua_pushvalue(L, -1);
   lua_setfield(L, -3, path);  /* CLIBS[path] = plib */
@@ -269,33 +300,49 @@ static void ll_addtoclib (lua_State *L, const char *path, void *plib) {
 
 
 /*
-** __gc tag method for CLIBS table: calls 'll_unloadlib' for all lib
+** __gc tag method for CLIBS table: calls 'lsys_unloadlib' for all lib
 ** handles in list CLIBS
 */
 static int gctm (lua_State *L) {
-  int n = luaL_len(L, 1);
+  lua_Integer n = luaL_len(L, 1);
   for (; n >= 1; n--) {  /* for each handle, in reverse order */
     lua_rawgeti(L, 1, n);  /* get handle CLIBS[n] */
-    ll_unloadlib(lua_touserdata(L, -1));
+    lsys_unloadlib(lua_touserdata(L, -1));
     lua_pop(L, 1);  /* pop handle */
   }
   return 0;
 }
 
 
-static int ll_loadfunc (lua_State *L, const char *path, const char *sym) {
-  void *reg = ll_checkclib(L, path);  /* check loaded C libraries */
+
+/* error codes for 'lookforfunc' */
+#define ERRLIB		1
+#define ERRFUNC		2
+
+/*
+** Look for a C function named 'sym' in a dynamically loaded library
+** 'path'.
+** First, check whether the library is already loaded; if not, try
+** to load it.
+** Then, if 'sym' is '*', return true (as library has been loaded).
+** Otherwise, look for symbol 'sym' in the library and push a
+** C function with that symbol.
+** Return 0 and 'true' or a function in the stack; in case of
+** errors, return an error code and an error message in the stack.
+*/
+static int lookforfunc (lua_State *L, const char *path, const char *sym) {
+  void *reg = checkclib(L, path);  /* check loaded C libraries */
   if (reg == NULL) {  /* must load library? */
-    reg = ll_load(L, path, *sym == '*');
+    reg = lsys_load(L, path, *sym == '*');  /* global symbols if 'sym'=='*' */
     if (reg == NULL) return ERRLIB;  /* unable to load library */
-    ll_addtoclib(L, path, reg);
+    addtoclib(L, path, reg);
   }
   if (*sym == '*') {  /* loading only library (no function)? */
     lua_pushboolean(L, 1);  /* return 'true' */
     return 0;  /* no errors */
   }
   else {
-    lua_CFunction f = ll_sym(L, reg, sym);
+    lua_CFunction f = lsys_sym(L, reg, sym);
     if (f == NULL)
       return ERRFUNC;  /* unable to find function */
     lua_pushcfunction(L, f);  /* else create new function */
@@ -307,7 +354,7 @@ static int ll_loadfunc (lua_State *L, const char *path, const char *sym) {
 static int ll_loadlib (lua_State *L) {
   const char *path = luaL_checkstring(L, 1);
   const char *init = luaL_checkstring(L, 2);
-  int stat = ll_loadfunc(L, path, init);
+  int stat = lookforfunc(L, path, init);
   if (stat == 0)  /* no errors? */
     return 1;  /* return the loaded function */
   else {  /* error; error message is on stack top */
@@ -360,7 +407,7 @@ static const char *searchpath (lua_State *L, const char *name,
     lua_remove(L, -2);  /* remove path template */
     if (readable(filename))  /* does file exist and is readable? */
       return filename;  /* return that file name */
-    lua_pushfstring(L, "\n\tno file " LUA_QS, filename);
+    lua_pushfstring(L, "\n\tno file '%s'", filename);
     lua_remove(L, -2);  /* remove file name */
     luaL_addvalue(&msg);  /* concatenate error msg. entry */
   }
@@ -390,7 +437,7 @@ static const char *findfile (lua_State *L, const char *name,
   lua_getfield(L, lua_upvalueindex(1), pname);
   path = lua_tostring(L, -1);
   if (path == NULL)
-    luaL_error(L, LUA_QL("package.%s") " must be a string", pname);
+    luaL_error(L, "'package.%s' must be a string", pname);
   return searchpath(L, name, path, ".", dirsep);
 }
 
@@ -401,8 +448,7 @@ static int checkload (lua_State *L, int stat, const char *filename) {
     return 2;  /* return open function and file name */
   }
   else
-    return luaL_error(L, "error loading module " LUA_QS
-                         " from file " LUA_QS ":\n\t%s",
+    return luaL_error(L, "error loading module '%s' from file '%s':\n\t%s",
                           lua_tostring(L, 1), filename, lua_tostring(L, -1));
 }
 
@@ -416,21 +462,29 @@ static int searcher_Lua (lua_State *L) {
 }
 
 
+/*
+** Try to find a load function for module 'modname' at file 'filename'.
+** First, change '.' to '_' in 'modname'; then, if 'modname' has
+** the form X-Y (that is, it has an "ignore mark"), build a function
+** name "luaopen_X" and look for it. (For compatibility, if that
+** fails, it also tries "luaopen_Y".) If there is no ignore mark,
+** look for a function named "luaopen_modname".
+*/
 static int loadfunc (lua_State *L, const char *filename, const char *modname) {
-  const char *funcname;
+  const char *openfunc;
   const char *mark;
   modname = luaL_gsub(L, modname, ".", LUA_OFSEP);
   mark = strchr(modname, *LUA_IGMARK);
   if (mark) {
     int stat;
-    funcname = lua_pushlstring(L, modname, mark - modname);
-    funcname = lua_pushfstring(L, LUA_POF"%s", funcname);
-    stat = ll_loadfunc(L, filename, funcname);
+    openfunc = lua_pushlstring(L, modname, mark - modname);
+    openfunc = lua_pushfstring(L, LUA_POF"%s", openfunc);
+    stat = lookforfunc(L, filename, openfunc);
     if (stat != ERRFUNC) return stat;
     modname = mark + 1;  /* else go ahead and try old-style name */
   }
-  funcname = lua_pushfstring(L, LUA_POF"%s", modname);
-  return ll_loadfunc(L, filename, funcname);
+  openfunc = lua_pushfstring(L, LUA_POF"%s", modname);
+  return lookforfunc(L, filename, openfunc);
 }
 
 
@@ -455,8 +509,7 @@ static int searcher_Croot (lua_State *L) {
     if (stat != ERRFUNC)
       return checkload(L, 0, filename);  /* real error */
     else {  /* open function not found */
-      lua_pushfstring(L, "\n\tno module " LUA_QS " in file " LUA_QS,
-                         name, filename);
+      lua_pushfstring(L, "\n\tno module '%s' in file '%s'", name, filename);
       return 1;
     }
   }
@@ -468,8 +521,7 @@ static int searcher_Croot (lua_State *L) {
 static int searcher_preload (lua_State *L) {
   const char *name = luaL_checkstring(L, 1);
   lua_getfield(L, LUA_REGISTRYINDEX, "_PRELOAD");
-  lua_getfield(L, -1, name);
-  if (lua_isnil(L, -1))  /* not found? */
+  if (lua_getfield(L, -1, name) == LUA_TNIL)  /* not found? */
     lua_pushfstring(L, "\n\tno field package.preload['%s']", name);
   return 1;
 }
@@ -479,17 +531,15 @@ static void findloader (lua_State *L, const char *name) {
   int i;
   luaL_Buffer msg;  /* to build error message */
   luaL_buffinit(L, &msg);
-  lua_getfield(L, lua_upvalueindex(1), "searchers");  /* will be at index 3 */
-  if (!lua_istable(L, 3))
-    luaL_error(L, LUA_QL("package.searchers") " must be a table");
+  /* push 'package.searchers' to index 3 in the stack */
+  if (lua_getfield(L, lua_upvalueindex(1), "searchers") != LUA_TTABLE)
+    luaL_error(L, "'package.searchers' must be a table");
   /*  iterate over available searchers to find a loader */
   for (i = 1; ; i++) {
-    lua_rawgeti(L, 3, i);  /* get a searcher */
-    if (lua_isnil(L, -1)) {  /* no more searchers? */
+    if (lua_rawgeti(L, 3, i) == LUA_TNIL) {  /* no more searchers? */
       lua_pop(L, 1);  /* remove nil */
       luaL_pushresult(&msg);  /* create error message */
-      luaL_error(L, "module " LUA_QS " not found:%s",
-                    name, lua_tostring(L, -1));
+      luaL_error(L, "module '%s' not found:%s", name, lua_tostring(L, -1));
     }
     lua_pushstring(L, name);
     lua_call(L, 1, 2);  /* call it */
@@ -520,8 +570,7 @@ static int ll_require (lua_State *L) {
   lua_call(L, 2, 1);  /* run loader to load module */
   if (!lua_isnil(L, -1))  /* non-nil return? */
     lua_setfield(L, 2, name);  /* _LOADED[name] = returned value */
-  lua_getfield(L, 2, name);
-  if (lua_isnil(L, -1)) {   /* module did not set a value? */
+  if (lua_getfield(L, 2, name) == LUA_TNIL) {   /* module set no value? */
     lua_pushboolean(L, 1);  /* use true as result */
     lua_pushvalue(L, -1);  /* extra copy to be returned */
     lua_setfield(L, 2, name);  /* _LOADED[name] = true */
@@ -548,7 +597,7 @@ static void set_env (lua_State *L) {
   if (lua_getstack(L, 1, &ar) == 0 ||
       lua_getinfo(L, "f", &ar) == 0 ||  /* get calling function */
       lua_iscfunction(L, -1))
-    luaL_error(L, LUA_QL("module") " not called from a Lua function");
+    luaL_error(L, "'module' not called from a Lua function");
   lua_pushvalue(L, -2);  /* copy new environment table to top */
   lua_setupvalue(L, -2, 1);
   lua_pop(L, 1);  /* remove function */
@@ -587,9 +636,8 @@ static int ll_module (lua_State *L) {
   int lastarg = lua_gettop(L);  /* last parameter */
   luaL_pushmodule(L, modname, 1);  /* get/create module table */
   /* check whether table already has a _NAME field */
-  lua_getfield(L, -1, "_NAME");
-  if (!lua_isnil(L, -1))  /* is table an initialized module? */
-    lua_pop(L, 1);
+  if (lua_getfield(L, -1, "_NAME") != LUA_TNIL)
+    lua_pop(L, 1);  /* table is an initialized module */
   else {  /* no; initialize it */
     lua_pop(L, 1);
     modinit(L, modname);
@@ -659,6 +707,12 @@ static const luaL_Reg pk_funcs[] = {
 #if defined(LUA_COMPAT_MODULE)
   {"seeall", ll_seeall},
 #endif
+  /* placeholders */
+  {"preload", NULL},
+  {"cpath", NULL},
+  {"path", NULL},
+  {"searchers", NULL},
+  {"loaded", NULL},
   {NULL, NULL}
 };
 
@@ -678,42 +732,50 @@ static void createsearcherstable (lua_State *L) {
   int i;
   /* create 'searchers' table */
   lua_createtable(L, sizeof(searchers)/sizeof(searchers[0]) - 1, 0);
-  /* fill it with pre-defined searchers */
+  /* fill it with predefined searchers */
   for (i=0; searchers[i] != NULL; i++) {
     lua_pushvalue(L, -2);  /* set 'package' as upvalue for all searchers */
     lua_pushcclosure(L, searchers[i], 1);
     lua_rawseti(L, -2, i+1);
   }
+#if defined(LUA_COMPAT_LOADERS)
+  lua_pushvalue(L, -1);  /* make a copy of 'searchers' table */
+  lua_setfield(L, -3, "loaders");  /* put it in field 'loaders' */
+#endif
+  lua_setfield(L, -2, "searchers");  /* put it in field 'searchers' */
 }
 
 
-LUAMOD_API int luaopen_package (lua_State *L) {
-  /* create table CLIBS to keep track of loaded C libraries */
-  luaL_getsubtable(L, LUA_REGISTRYINDEX, CLIBS);
-  lua_createtable(L, 0, 1);  /* metatable for CLIBS */
+/*
+** create table CLIBS to keep track of loaded C libraries,
+** setting a finalizer to close all libraries when closing state.
+*/
+static void createclibstable (lua_State *L) {
+  lua_newtable(L);  /* create CLIBS table */
+  lua_createtable(L, 0, 1);  /* create metatable for CLIBS */
   lua_pushcfunction(L, gctm);
   lua_setfield(L, -2, "__gc");  /* set finalizer for CLIBS table */
   lua_setmetatable(L, -2);
-  /* create `package' table */
-  luaL_newlib(L, pk_funcs);
+  lua_rawsetp(L, LUA_REGISTRYINDEX, &CLIBS);  /* set CLIBS table in registry */
+}
+
+
+LUAMOD_API int luaopen_package (lua_State *L) {
+  createclibstable(L);
+  luaL_newlib(L, pk_funcs);  /* create 'package' table */
   createsearcherstable(L);
-#if defined(LUA_COMPAT_LOADERS)
-  lua_pushvalue(L, -1);  /* make a copy of 'searchers' table */
-  lua_setfield(L, -3, "loaders");  /* put it in field `loaders' */
-#endif
-  lua_setfield(L, -2, "searchers");  /* put it in field 'searchers' */
   /* set field 'path' */
-  setpath(L, "path", LUA_PATHVERSION, LUA_PATH, LUA_PATH_DEFAULT);
+  setpath(L, "path", LUA_PATHVARVERSION, LUA_PATH_VAR, LUA_PATH_DEFAULT);
   /* set field 'cpath' */
-  setpath(L, "cpath", LUA_CPATHVERSION, LUA_CPATH, LUA_CPATH_DEFAULT);
+  setpath(L, "cpath", LUA_CPATHVARVERSION, LUA_CPATH_VAR, LUA_CPATH_DEFAULT);
   /* store config information */
   lua_pushliteral(L, LUA_DIRSEP "\n" LUA_PATH_SEP "\n" LUA_PATH_MARK "\n"
                      LUA_EXEC_DIR "\n" LUA_IGMARK "\n");
   lua_setfield(L, -2, "config");
-  /* set field `loaded' */
+  /* set field 'loaded' */
   luaL_getsubtable(L, LUA_REGISTRYINDEX, "_LOADED");
   lua_setfield(L, -2, "loaded");
-  /* set field `preload' */
+  /* set field 'preload' */
   luaL_getsubtable(L, LUA_REGISTRYINDEX, "_PRELOAD");
   lua_setfield(L, -2, "preload");
   lua_pushglobaltable(L);
diff --git a/lua/lobject.c b/lua/lobject.c
index 882d994..e24723f 100644
--- a/lua/lobject.c
+++ b/lua/lobject.c
@@ -1,17 +1,22 @@
 /*
-** $Id: lobject.c,v 2.58.1.1 2013/04/12 18:48:47 roberto Exp $
+** $Id: lobject.c,v 2.108 2015/11/02 16:09:30 roberto Exp $
 ** Some generic functions over Lua objects
 ** See Copyright Notice in lua.h
 */
 
+#define lobject_c
+#define LUA_CORE
+
+#include "lprefix.h"
+
+
+#include <locale.h>
+#include <math.h>
 #include <stdarg.h>
 #include <stdio.h>
 #include <stdlib.h>
 #include <string.h>
 
-#define lobject_c
-#define LUA_CORE
-
 #include "lua.h"
 
 #include "lctype.h"
@@ -36,8 +41,12 @@ LUAI_DDEF const TValue luaO_nilobject_ = {NILCONSTANT};
 int luaO_int2fb (unsigned int x) {
   int e = 0;  /* exponent */
   if (x < 8) return x;
-  while (x >= 0x10) {
-    x = (x+1) >> 1;
+  while (x >= (8 << 4)) {  /* coarse steps */
+    x = (x + 0xf) >> 4;  /* x = ceil(x / 16) */
+    e += 4;
+  }
+  while (x >= (8 << 1)) {  /* fine steps */
+    x = (x + 1) >> 1;  /* x = ceil(x / 2) */
     e++;
   }
   return ((e+1) << 3) | (cast_int(x) - 8);
@@ -46,14 +55,15 @@ int luaO_int2fb (unsigned int x) {
 
 /* converts back */
 int luaO_fb2int (int x) {
-  int e = (x >> 3) & 0x1f;
-  if (e == 0) return x;
-  else return ((x & 7) + 8) << (e - 1);
+  return (x < 8) ? x : ((x & 7) + 8) << ((x >> 3) - 1);
 }
 
 
+/*
+** Computes ceil(log2(x))
+*/
 int luaO_ceillog2 (unsigned int x) {
-  static const lu_byte log_2[256] = {
+  static const lu_byte log_2[256] = {  /* log_2[i] = ceil(log2(i - 1)) */
     0,1,2,2,3,3,3,3,4,4,4,4,4,4,4,4,5,5,5,5,5,5,5,5,5,5,5,5,5,5,5,5,
     6,6,6,6,6,6,6,6,6,6,6,6,6,6,6,6,6,6,6,6,6,6,6,6,6,6,6,6,6,6,6,6,
     7,7,7,7,7,7,7,7,7,7,7,7,7,7,7,7,7,7,7,7,7,7,7,7,7,7,7,7,7,7,7,7,
@@ -70,29 +80,90 @@ int luaO_ceillog2 (unsigned int x) {
 }
 
 
-lua_Number luaO_arith (int op, lua_Number v1, lua_Number v2) {
+static lua_Integer intarith (lua_State *L, int op, lua_Integer v1,
+                                                   lua_Integer v2) {
   switch (op) {
-    case LUA_OPADD: return luai_numadd(NULL, v1, v2);
-    case LUA_OPSUB: return luai_numsub(NULL, v1, v2);
-    case LUA_OPMUL: return luai_nummul(NULL, v1, v2);
-    case LUA_OPDIV: return luai_numdiv(NULL, v1, v2);
-    case LUA_OPMOD: return luai_nummod(NULL, v1, v2);
-    case LUA_OPPOW: return luai_numpow(NULL, v1, v2);
-    case LUA_OPUNM: return luai_numunm(NULL, v1);
+    case LUA_OPADD: return intop(+, v1, v2);
+    case LUA_OPSUB:return intop(-, v1, v2);
+    case LUA_OPMUL:return intop(*, v1, v2);
+    case LUA_OPMOD: return luaV_mod(L, v1, v2);
+    case LUA_OPIDIV: return luaV_div(L, v1, v2);
+    case LUA_OPBAND: return intop(&, v1, v2);
+    case LUA_OPBOR: return intop(|, v1, v2);
+    case LUA_OPBXOR: return intop(^, v1, v2);
+    case LUA_OPSHL: return luaV_shiftl(v1, v2);
+    case LUA_OPSHR: return luaV_shiftl(v1, -v2);
+    case LUA_OPUNM: return intop(-, 0, v1);
+    case LUA_OPBNOT: return intop(^, ~l_castS2U(0), v1);
     default: lua_assert(0); return 0;
   }
 }
 
 
-int luaO_hexavalue (int c) {
-  if (lisdigit(c)) return c - '0';
-  else return ltolower(c) - 'a' + 10;
+static lua_Number numarith (lua_State *L, int op, lua_Number v1,
+                                                  lua_Number v2) {
+  switch (op) {
+    case LUA_OPADD: return luai_numadd(L, v1, v2);
+    case LUA_OPSUB: return luai_numsub(L, v1, v2);
+    case LUA_OPMUL: return luai_nummul(L, v1, v2);
+    case LUA_OPDIV: return luai_numdiv(L, v1, v2);
+    case LUA_OPPOW: return luai_numpow(L, v1, v2);
+    case LUA_OPIDIV: return luai_numidiv(L, v1, v2);
+    case LUA_OPUNM: return luai_numunm(L, v1);
+    case LUA_OPMOD: {
+      lua_Number m;
+      luai_nummod(L, v1, v2, m);
+      return m;
+    }
+    default: lua_assert(0); return 0;
+  }
 }
 
 
-#if !defined(lua_strx2number)
+void luaO_arith (lua_State *L, int op, const TValue *p1, const TValue *p2,
+                 TValue *res) {
+  switch (op) {
+    case LUA_OPBAND: case LUA_OPBOR: case LUA_OPBXOR:
+    case LUA_OPSHL: case LUA_OPSHR:
+    case LUA_OPBNOT: {  /* operate only on integers */
+      lua_Integer i1; lua_Integer i2;
+      if (tointeger(p1, &i1) && tointeger(p2, &i2)) {
+        setivalue(res, intarith(L, op, i1, i2));
+        return;
+      }
+      else break;  /* go to the end */
+    }
+    case LUA_OPDIV: case LUA_OPPOW: {  /* operate only on floats */
+      lua_Number n1; lua_Number n2;
+      if (tonumber(p1, &n1) && tonumber(p2, &n2)) {
+        setfltvalue(res, numarith(L, op, n1, n2));
+        return;
+      }
+      else break;  /* go to the end */
+    }
+    default: {  /* other operations */
+      lua_Number n1; lua_Number n2;
+      if (ttisinteger(p1) && ttisinteger(p2)) {
+        setivalue(res, intarith(L, op, ivalue(p1), ivalue(p2)));
+        return;
+      }
+      else if (tonumber(p1, &n1) && tonumber(p2, &n2)) {
+        setfltvalue(res, numarith(L, op, n1, n2));
+        return;
+      }
+      else break;  /* go to the end */
+    }
+  }
+  /* could not perform raw operation; try metamethod */
+  lua_assert(L != NULL);  /* should not fail when folding (compile time) */
+  luaT_trybinTM(L, p1, p2, res, cast(TMS, (op - LUA_OPADD) + TM_ADD));
+}
 
-#include <math.h>
+
+int luaO_hexavalue (int c) {
+  if (lisdigit(c)) return c - '0';
+  else return (ltolower(c) - 'a') + 10;
+}
 
 
 static int isneg (const char **s) {
@@ -102,86 +173,191 @@ static int isneg (const char **s) {
 }
 
 
-static lua_Number readhexa (const char **s, lua_Number r, int *count) {
-  for (; lisxdigit(cast_uchar(**s)); (*s)++) {  /* read integer part */
-    r = (r * cast_num(16.0)) + cast_num(luaO_hexavalue(cast_uchar(**s)));
-    (*count)++;
-  }
-  return r;
-}
 
+/*
+** {==================================================================
+** Lua's implementation for 'lua_strx2number'
+** ===================================================================
+*/
+
+#if !defined(lua_strx2number)
+
+/* maximum number of significant digits to read (to avoid overflows
+   even with single floats) */
+#define MAXSIGDIG	30
 
 /*
 ** convert an hexadecimal numeric string to a number, following
 ** C99 specification for 'strtod'
 */
 static lua_Number lua_strx2number (const char *s, char **endptr) {
-  lua_Number r = 0.0;
-  int e = 0, i = 0;
-  int neg = 0;  /* 1 if number is negative */
+  int dot = lua_getlocaledecpoint();
+  lua_Number r = 0.0;  /* result (accumulator) */
+  int sigdig = 0;  /* number of significant digits */
+  int nosigdig = 0;  /* number of non-significant digits */
+  int e = 0;  /* exponent correction */
+  int neg;  /* 1 if number is negative */
+  int hasdot = 0;  /* true after seen a dot */
   *endptr = cast(char *, s);  /* nothing is valid yet */
   while (lisspace(cast_uchar(*s))) s++;  /* skip initial spaces */
   neg = isneg(&s);  /* check signal */
   if (!(*s == '0' && (*(s + 1) == 'x' || *(s + 1) == 'X')))  /* check '0x' */
     return 0.0;  /* invalid format (no '0x') */
-  s += 2;  /* skip '0x' */
-  r = readhexa(&s, r, &i);  /* read integer part */
-  if (*s == '.') {
-    s++;  /* skip dot */
-    r = readhexa(&s, r, &e);  /* read fractional part */
+  for (s += 2; ; s++) {  /* skip '0x' and read numeral */
+    if (*s == dot) {
+      if (hasdot) break;  /* second dot? stop loop */
+      else hasdot = 1;
+    }
+    else if (lisxdigit(cast_uchar(*s))) {
+      if (sigdig == 0 && *s == '0')  /* non-significant digit (zero)? */
+        nosigdig++;
+      else if (++sigdig <= MAXSIGDIG)  /* can read it without overflow? */
+          r = (r * cast_num(16.0)) + luaO_hexavalue(*s);
+      else e++; /* too many digits; ignore, but still count for exponent */
+      if (hasdot) e--;  /* decimal digit? correct exponent */
+    }
+    else break;  /* neither a dot nor a digit */
   }
-  if (i == 0 && e == 0)
-    return 0.0;  /* invalid format (no digit) */
-  e *= -4;  /* each fractional digit divides value by 2^-4 */
+  if (nosigdig + sigdig == 0)  /* no digits? */
+    return 0.0;  /* invalid format */
   *endptr = cast(char *, s);  /* valid up to here */
+  e *= 4;  /* each digit multiplies/divides value by 2^4 */
   if (*s == 'p' || *s == 'P') {  /* exponent part? */
-    int exp1 = 0;
-    int neg1;
+    int exp1 = 0;  /* exponent value */
+    int neg1;  /* exponent signal */
     s++;  /* skip 'p' */
     neg1 = isneg(&s);  /* signal */
     if (!lisdigit(cast_uchar(*s)))
-      goto ret;  /* must have at least one digit */
+      return 0.0;  /* invalid; must have at least one digit */
     while (lisdigit(cast_uchar(*s)))  /* read exponent */
       exp1 = exp1 * 10 + *(s++) - '0';
     if (neg1) exp1 = -exp1;
     e += exp1;
+    *endptr = cast(char *, s);  /* valid up to here */
   }
-  *endptr = cast(char *, s);  /* valid up to here */
- ret:
   if (neg) r = -r;
   return l_mathop(ldexp)(r, e);
 }
 
 #endif
+/* }====================================================== */
 
 
-int luaO_str2d (const char *s, size_t len, lua_Number *result) {
+static const char *l_str2d (const char *s, lua_Number *result) {
   char *endptr;
   if (strpbrk(s, "nN"))  /* reject 'inf' and 'nan' */
-    return 0;
-  else if (strpbrk(s, "xX"))  /* hexa? */
+    return NULL;
+  else if (strpbrk(s, "xX"))  /* hex? */
     *result = lua_strx2number(s, &endptr);
   else
     *result = lua_str2number(s, &endptr);
-  if (endptr == s) return 0;  /* nothing recognized */
+  if (endptr == s) return NULL;  /* nothing recognized */
   while (lisspace(cast_uchar(*endptr))) endptr++;
-  return (endptr == s + len);  /* OK if no trailing characters */
+  return (*endptr == '\0' ? endptr : NULL);  /* OK if no trailing characters */
+}
+
+
+static const char *l_str2int (const char *s, lua_Integer *result) {
+  lua_Unsigned a = 0;
+  int empty = 1;
+  int neg;
+  while (lisspace(cast_uchar(*s))) s++;  /* skip initial spaces */
+  neg = isneg(&s);
+  if (s[0] == '0' &&
+      (s[1] == 'x' || s[1] == 'X')) {  /* hex? */
+    s += 2;  /* skip '0x' */
+    for (; lisxdigit(cast_uchar(*s)); s++) {
+      a = a * 16 + luaO_hexavalue(*s);
+      empty = 0;
+    }
+  }
+  else {  /* decimal */
+    for (; lisdigit(cast_uchar(*s)); s++) {
+      a = a * 10 + *s - '0';
+      empty = 0;
+    }
+  }
+  while (lisspace(cast_uchar(*s))) s++;  /* skip trailing spaces */
+  if (empty || *s != '\0') return NULL;  /* something wrong in the numeral */
+  else {
+    *result = l_castU2S((neg) ? 0u - a : a);
+    return s;
+  }
+}
+
+
+size_t luaO_str2num (const char *s, TValue *o) {
+  lua_Integer i; lua_Number n;
+  const char *e;
+  if ((e = l_str2int(s, &i)) != NULL) {  /* try as an integer */
+    setivalue(o, i);
+  }
+  else if ((e = l_str2d(s, &n)) != NULL) {  /* else try as a float */
+    setfltvalue(o, n);
+  }
+  else
+    return 0;  /* conversion failed */
+  return (e - s) + 1;  /* success; return string size */
+}
+
+
+int luaO_utf8esc (char *buff, unsigned long x) {
+  int n = 1;  /* number of bytes put in buffer (backwards) */
+  lua_assert(x <= 0x10FFFF);
+  if (x < 0x80)  /* ascii? */
+    buff[UTF8BUFFSZ - 1] = cast(char, x);
+  else {  /* need continuation bytes */
+    unsigned int mfb = 0x3f;  /* maximum that fits in first byte */
+    do {  /* add continuation bytes */
+      buff[UTF8BUFFSZ - (n++)] = cast(char, 0x80 | (x & 0x3f));
+      x >>= 6;  /* remove added bits */
+      mfb >>= 1;  /* now there is one less bit available in first byte */
+    } while (x > mfb);  /* still needs continuation byte? */
+    buff[UTF8BUFFSZ - n] = cast(char, (~mfb << 1) | x);  /* add first byte */
+  }
+  return n;
 }
 
 
+/* maximum length of the conversion of a number to a string */
+#define MAXNUMBER2STR	50
+
+
+/*
+** Convert a number object to a string
+*/
+void luaO_tostring (lua_State *L, StkId obj) {
+  char buff[MAXNUMBER2STR];
+  size_t len;
+  lua_assert(ttisnumber(obj));
+  if (ttisinteger(obj))
+    len = lua_integer2str(buff, sizeof(buff), ivalue(obj));
+  else {
+    len = lua_number2str(buff, sizeof(buff), fltvalue(obj));
+#if !defined(LUA_COMPAT_FLOATSTRING)
+    if (buff[strspn(buff, "-0123456789")] == '\0') {  /* looks like an int? */
+      buff[len++] = lua_getlocaledecpoint();
+      buff[len++] = '0';  /* adds '.0' to result */
+    }
+#endif
+  }
+  setsvalue2s(L, obj, luaS_newlstr(L, buff, len));
+}
+
 
 static void pushstr (lua_State *L, const char *str, size_t l) {
-  setsvalue2s(L, L->top++, luaS_newlstr(L, str, l));
+  setsvalue2s(L, L->top, luaS_newlstr(L, str, l));
+  luaD_inctop(L);
 }
 
 
-/* this function handles only `%d', `%c', %f, %p, and `%s' formats */
+/* this function handles only '%d', '%c', '%f', '%p', and '%s' 
+   conventional formats, plus Lua-specific '%I' and '%U' */
 const char *luaO_pushvfstring (lua_State *L, const char *fmt, va_list argp) {
   int n = 0;
   for (;;) {
     const char *e = strchr(fmt, '%');
     if (e == NULL) break;
-    luaD_checkstack(L, 2);  /* fmt + item */
     pushstr(L, fmt, e - fmt);
     switch (*(e+1)) {
       case 's': {
@@ -191,33 +367,47 @@ const char *luaO_pushvfstring (lua_State *L, const char *fmt, va_list argp) {
         break;
       }
       case 'c': {
-        char buff;
-        buff = cast(char, va_arg(argp, int));
-        pushstr(L, &buff, 1);
+        char buff = cast(char, va_arg(argp, int));
+        if (lisprint(cast_uchar(buff)))
+          pushstr(L, &buff, 1);
+        else  /* non-printable character; print its code */
+          luaO_pushfstring(L, "<\\%d>", cast_uchar(buff));
         break;
       }
       case 'd': {
-        setnvalue(L->top++, cast_num(va_arg(argp, int)));
-        break;
+        setivalue(L->top, va_arg(argp, int));
+        goto top2str;
+      }
+      case 'I': {
+        setivalue(L->top, cast(lua_Integer, va_arg(argp, l_uacInt)));
+        goto top2str;
       }
       case 'f': {
-        setnvalue(L->top++, cast_num(va_arg(argp, l_uacNumber)));
+        setfltvalue(L->top, cast_num(va_arg(argp, l_uacNumber)));
+      top2str:
+        luaD_inctop(L);
+        luaO_tostring(L, L->top - 1);
         break;
       }
       case 'p': {
-        char buff[4*sizeof(void *) + 8]; /* should be enough space for a `%p' */
-        int l = sprintf(buff, "%p", va_arg(argp, void *));
+        char buff[4*sizeof(void *) + 8]; /* should be enough space for a '%p' */
+        int l = l_sprintf(buff, sizeof(buff), "%p", va_arg(argp, void *));
         pushstr(L, buff, l);
         break;
       }
+      case 'U': {
+        char buff[UTF8BUFFSZ];
+        int l = luaO_utf8esc(buff, cast(long, va_arg(argp, long)));
+        pushstr(L, buff + UTF8BUFFSZ - l, l);
+        break;
+      }
       case '%': {
         pushstr(L, "%", 1);
         break;
       }
       default: {
-        luaG_runerror(L,
-            "invalid option " LUA_QL("%%%c") " to " LUA_QL("lua_pushfstring"),
-            *(e + 1));
+        luaG_runerror(L, "invalid option '%%%c' to 'lua_pushfstring'",
+                         *(e + 1));
       }
     }
     n += 2;
diff --git a/lua/lobject.h b/lua/lobject.h
index 3a630b9..2d52b41 100644
--- a/lua/lobject.h
+++ b/lua/lobject.h
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
-** $Id: lobject.h,v 2.71.1.1 2013/04/12 18:48:47 roberto Exp $
+** $Id: lobject.h,v 2.116 2015/11/03 18:33:10 roberto Exp $
 ** Type definitions for Lua objects
 ** See Copyright Notice in lua.h
 */
@@ -19,14 +19,13 @@
 /*
 ** Extra tags for non-values
 */
-#define LUA_TPROTO	LUA_NUMTAGS
-#define LUA_TUPVAL	(LUA_NUMTAGS+1)
-#define LUA_TDEADKEY	(LUA_NUMTAGS+2)
+#define LUA_TPROTO	LUA_NUMTAGS		/* function prototypes */
+#define LUA_TDEADKEY	(LUA_NUMTAGS+1)		/* removed keys in tables */
 
 /*
 ** number of all possible tags (including LUA_TNONE but excluding DEADKEY)
 */
-#define LUA_TOTALTAGS	(LUA_TUPVAL+2)
+#define LUA_TOTALTAGS	(LUA_TPROTO + 2)
 
 
 /*
@@ -36,8 +35,6 @@
 ** bit 6: whether value is collectable
 */
 
-#define VARBITS		(3 << 4)
-
 
 /*
 ** LUA_TFUNCTION variants:
@@ -57,6 +54,11 @@
 #define LUA_TLNGSTR	(LUA_TSTRING | (1 << 4))  /* long strings */
 
 
+/* Variant tags for numbers */
+#define LUA_TNUMFLT	(LUA_TNUMBER | (0 << 4))  /* float numbers */
+#define LUA_TNUMINT	(LUA_TNUMBER | (1 << 4))  /* integer numbers */
+
+
 /* Bit mark for collectable types */
 #define BIT_ISCOLLECTABLE	(1 << 6)
 
@@ -65,9 +67,9 @@
 
 
 /*
-** Union of all collectable objects
+** Common type for all collectable objects
 */
-typedef union GCObject GCObject;
+typedef struct GCObject GCObject;
 
 
 /*
@@ -78,21 +80,12 @@ typedef union GCObject GCObject;
 
 
 /*
-** Common header in struct form
+** Common type has only the common header
 */
-typedef struct GCheader {
+struct GCObject {
   CommonHeader;
-} GCheader;
-
-
-
-/*
-** Union of all Lua values
-*/
-typedef union Value Value;
-
+};
 
-#define numfield	lua_Number n;    /* numbers */
 
 
 
@@ -101,9 +94,26 @@ typedef union Value Value;
 ** an actual value plus a tag with its type.
 */
 
+/*
+** Union of all Lua values
+*/
+typedef union Value {
+  GCObject *gc;    /* collectable objects */
+  void *p;         /* light userdata */
+  int b;           /* booleans */
+  lua_CFunction f; /* light C functions */
+  lua_Integer i;   /* integer numbers */
+  lua_Number n;    /* float numbers */
+} Value;
+
+
 #define TValuefields	Value value_; int tt_
 
-typedef struct lua_TValue TValue;
+
+typedef struct lua_TValue {
+  TValuefields;
+} TValue;
+
 
 
 /* macro defining a nil value */
@@ -111,7 +121,6 @@ typedef struct lua_TValue TValue;
 
 
 #define val_(o)		((o)->value_)
-#define num_(o)		(val_(o).n)
 
 
 /* raw type tag of a TValue */
@@ -124,13 +133,15 @@ typedef struct lua_TValue TValue;
 #define ttype(o)	(rttype(o) & 0x3F)
 
 /* type tag of a TValue with no variants (bits 0-3) */
-#define ttypenv(o)	(novariant(rttype(o)))
+#define ttnov(o)	(novariant(rttype(o)))
 
 
 /* Macros to test type */
 #define checktag(o,t)		(rttype(o) == (t))
-#define checktype(o,t)		(ttypenv(o) == (t))
-#define ttisnumber(o)		checktag((o), LUA_TNUMBER)
+#define checktype(o,t)		(ttnov(o) == (t))
+#define ttisnumber(o)		checktype((o), LUA_TNUMBER)
+#define ttisfloat(o)		checktag((o), LUA_TNUMFLT)
+#define ttisinteger(o)		checktag((o), LUA_TNUMINT)
 #define ttisnil(o)		checktag((o), LUA_TNIL)
 #define ttisboolean(o)		checktag((o), LUA_TBOOLEAN)
 #define ttislightuserdata(o)	checktag((o), LUA_TLIGHTUSERDATA)
@@ -143,27 +154,27 @@ typedef struct lua_TValue TValue;
 #define ttisCclosure(o)		checktag((o), ctb(LUA_TCCL))
 #define ttisLclosure(o)		checktag((o), ctb(LUA_TLCL))
 #define ttislcf(o)		checktag((o), LUA_TLCF)
-#define ttisuserdata(o)		checktag((o), ctb(LUA_TUSERDATA))
+#define ttisfulluserdata(o)	checktag((o), ctb(LUA_TUSERDATA))
 #define ttisthread(o)		checktag((o), ctb(LUA_TTHREAD))
 #define ttisdeadkey(o)		checktag((o), LUA_TDEADKEY)
 
-#define ttisequal(o1,o2)	(rttype(o1) == rttype(o2))
 
 /* Macros to access values */
-#define nvalue(o)	check_exp(ttisnumber(o), num_(o))
+#define ivalue(o)	check_exp(ttisinteger(o), val_(o).i)
+#define fltvalue(o)	check_exp(ttisfloat(o), val_(o).n)
+#define nvalue(o)	check_exp(ttisnumber(o), \
+	(ttisinteger(o) ? cast_num(ivalue(o)) : fltvalue(o)))
 #define gcvalue(o)	check_exp(iscollectable(o), val_(o).gc)
 #define pvalue(o)	check_exp(ttislightuserdata(o), val_(o).p)
-#define rawtsvalue(o)	check_exp(ttisstring(o), &val_(o).gc->ts)
-#define tsvalue(o)	(&rawtsvalue(o)->tsv)
-#define rawuvalue(o)	check_exp(ttisuserdata(o), &val_(o).gc->u)
-#define uvalue(o)	(&rawuvalue(o)->uv)
-#define clvalue(o)	check_exp(ttisclosure(o), &val_(o).gc->cl)
-#define clLvalue(o)	check_exp(ttisLclosure(o), &val_(o).gc->cl.l)
-#define clCvalue(o)	check_exp(ttisCclosure(o), &val_(o).gc->cl.c)
+#define tsvalue(o)	check_exp(ttisstring(o), gco2ts(val_(o).gc))
+#define uvalue(o)	check_exp(ttisfulluserdata(o), gco2u(val_(o).gc))
+#define clvalue(o)	check_exp(ttisclosure(o), gco2cl(val_(o).gc))
+#define clLvalue(o)	check_exp(ttisLclosure(o), gco2lcl(val_(o).gc))
+#define clCvalue(o)	check_exp(ttisCclosure(o), gco2ccl(val_(o).gc))
 #define fvalue(o)	check_exp(ttislcf(o), val_(o).f)
-#define hvalue(o)	check_exp(ttistable(o), &val_(o).gc->h)
+#define hvalue(o)	check_exp(ttistable(o), gco2t(val_(o).gc))
 #define bvalue(o)	check_exp(ttisboolean(o), val_(o).b)
-#define thvalue(o)	check_exp(ttisthread(o), &val_(o).gc->th)
+#define thvalue(o)	check_exp(ttisthread(o), gco2th(val_(o).gc))
 /* a dead value may get the 'gc' field, but cannot access its contents */
 #define deadvalue(o)	check_exp(ttisdeadkey(o), cast(void *, val_(o).gc))
 
@@ -174,18 +185,27 @@ typedef struct lua_TValue TValue;
 
 
 /* Macros for internal tests */
-#define righttt(obj)		(ttype(obj) == gcvalue(obj)->gch.tt)
+#define righttt(obj)		(ttype(obj) == gcvalue(obj)->tt)
 
-#define checkliveness(g,obj) \
+#define checkliveness(L,obj) \
 	lua_longassert(!iscollectable(obj) || \
-			(righttt(obj) && !isdead(g,gcvalue(obj))))
+		(righttt(obj) && (L == NULL || !isdead(G(L),gcvalue(obj)))))
 
 
 /* Macros to set values */
 #define settt_(o,t)	((o)->tt_=(t))
 
-#define setnvalue(obj,x) \
-  { TValue *io=(obj); num_(io)=(x); settt_(io, LUA_TNUMBER); }
+#define setfltvalue(obj,x) \
+  { TValue *io=(obj); val_(io).n=(x); settt_(io, LUA_TNUMFLT); }
+
+#define chgfltvalue(obj,x) \
+  { TValue *io=(obj); lua_assert(ttisfloat(io)); val_(io).n=(x); }
+
+#define setivalue(obj,x) \
+  { TValue *io=(obj); val_(io).i=(x); settt_(io, LUA_TNUMINT); }
+
+#define chgivalue(obj,x) \
+  { TValue *io=(obj); lua_assert(ttisinteger(io)); val_(io).i=(x); }
 
 #define setnilvalue(obj) settt_(obj, LUA_TNIL)
 
@@ -199,48 +219,46 @@ typedef struct lua_TValue TValue;
   { TValue *io=(obj); val_(io).b=(x); settt_(io, LUA_TBOOLEAN); }
 
 #define setgcovalue(L,obj,x) \
-  { TValue *io=(obj); GCObject *i_g=(x); \
-    val_(io).gc=i_g; settt_(io, ctb(gch(i_g)->tt)); }
+  { TValue *io = (obj); GCObject *i_g=(x); \
+    val_(io).gc = i_g; settt_(io, ctb(i_g->tt)); }
 
 #define setsvalue(L,obj,x) \
-  { TValue *io=(obj); \
-    TString *x_ = (x); \
-    val_(io).gc=cast(GCObject *, x_); settt_(io, ctb(x_->tsv.tt)); \
-    checkliveness(G(L),io); }
+  { TValue *io = (obj); TString *x_ = (x); \
+    val_(io).gc = obj2gco(x_); settt_(io, ctb(x_->tt)); \
+    checkliveness(L,io); }
 
 #define setuvalue(L,obj,x) \
-  { TValue *io=(obj); \
-    val_(io).gc=cast(GCObject *, (x)); settt_(io, ctb(LUA_TUSERDATA)); \
-    checkliveness(G(L),io); }
+  { TValue *io = (obj); Udata *x_ = (x); \
+    val_(io).gc = obj2gco(x_); settt_(io, ctb(LUA_TUSERDATA)); \
+    checkliveness(L,io); }
 
 #define setthvalue(L,obj,x) \
-  { TValue *io=(obj); \
-    val_(io).gc=cast(GCObject *, (x)); settt_(io, ctb(LUA_TTHREAD)); \
-    checkliveness(G(L),io); }
+  { TValue *io = (obj); lua_State *x_ = (x); \
+    val_(io).gc = obj2gco(x_); settt_(io, ctb(LUA_TTHREAD)); \
+    checkliveness(L,io); }
 
 #define setclLvalue(L,obj,x) \
-  { TValue *io=(obj); \
-    val_(io).gc=cast(GCObject *, (x)); settt_(io, ctb(LUA_TLCL)); \
-    checkliveness(G(L),io); }
+  { TValue *io = (obj); LClosure *x_ = (x); \
+    val_(io).gc = obj2gco(x_); settt_(io, ctb(LUA_TLCL)); \
+    checkliveness(L,io); }
 
 #define setclCvalue(L,obj,x) \
-  { TValue *io=(obj); \
-    val_(io).gc=cast(GCObject *, (x)); settt_(io, ctb(LUA_TCCL)); \
-    checkliveness(G(L),io); }
+  { TValue *io = (obj); CClosure *x_ = (x); \
+    val_(io).gc = obj2gco(x_); settt_(io, ctb(LUA_TCCL)); \
+    checkliveness(L,io); }
 
 #define sethvalue(L,obj,x) \
-  { TValue *io=(obj); \
-    val_(io).gc=cast(GCObject *, (x)); settt_(io, ctb(LUA_TTABLE)); \
-    checkliveness(G(L),io); }
+  { TValue *io = (obj); Table *x_ = (x); \
+    val_(io).gc = obj2gco(x_); settt_(io, ctb(LUA_TTABLE)); \
+    checkliveness(L,io); }
 
 #define setdeadvalue(obj)	settt_(obj, LUA_TDEADKEY)
 
 
 
 #define setobj(L,obj1,obj2) \
-	{ const TValue *io2=(obj2); TValue *io1=(obj1); \
-	  io1->value_ = io2->value_; io1->tt_ = io2->tt_; \
-	  checkliveness(G(L),io1); }
+	{ TValue *io1=(obj1); *io1 = *(obj2); \
+	  (void)L; checkliveness(L,io1); }
 
 
 /*
@@ -256,188 +274,110 @@ typedef struct lua_TValue TValue;
 #define setptvalue2s	setptvalue
 /* from table to same table */
 #define setobjt2t	setobj
-/* to table */
-#define setobj2t	setobj
 /* to new object */
 #define setobj2n	setobj
 #define setsvalue2n	setsvalue
 
+/* to table (define it as an expression to be used in macros) */
+#define setobj2t(L,o1,o2)  ((void)L, *(o1)=*(o2), checkliveness(L,(o1)))
+
 
-/* check whether a number is valid (useful only for NaN trick) */
-#define luai_checknum(L,o,c)	{ /* empty */ }
 
 
 /*
 ** {======================================================
-** NaN Trick
+** types and prototypes
 ** =======================================================
 */
-#if defined(LUA_NANTRICK)
-
-/*
-** numbers are represented in the 'd_' field. All other values have the
-** value (NNMARK | tag) in 'tt__'. A number with such pattern would be
-** a "signaled NaN", which is never generated by regular operations by
-** the CPU (nor by 'strtod')
-*/
-
-/* allows for external implementation for part of the trick */
-#if !defined(NNMARK)	/* { */
-
-
-#if !defined(LUA_IEEEENDIAN)
-#error option 'LUA_NANTRICK' needs 'LUA_IEEEENDIAN'
-#endif
-
-
-#define NNMARK		0x7FF7A500
-#define NNMASK		0x7FFFFF00
-
-#undef TValuefields
-#undef NILCONSTANT
-
-#if (LUA_IEEEENDIAN == 0)	/* { */
-
-/* little endian */
-#define TValuefields  \
-	union { struct { Value v__; int tt__; } i; double d__; } u
-#define NILCONSTANT	{{{NULL}, tag2tt(LUA_TNIL)}}
-/* field-access macros */
-#define v_(o)		((o)->u.i.v__)
-#define d_(o)		((o)->u.d__)
-#define tt_(o)		((o)->u.i.tt__)
-
-#else				/* }{ */
-
-/* big endian */
-#define TValuefields  \
-	union { struct { int tt__; Value v__; } i; double d__; } u
-#define NILCONSTANT	{{tag2tt(LUA_TNIL), {NULL}}}
-/* field-access macros */
-#define v_(o)		((o)->u.i.v__)
-#define d_(o)		((o)->u.d__)
-#define tt_(o)		((o)->u.i.tt__)
-
-#endif				/* } */
-
-#endif			/* } */
 
 
-/* correspondence with standard representation */
-#undef val_
-#define val_(o)		v_(o)
-#undef num_
-#define num_(o)		d_(o)
-
-
-#undef numfield
-#define numfield	/* no such field; numbers are the entire struct */
-
-/* basic check to distinguish numbers from non-numbers */
-#undef ttisnumber
-#define ttisnumber(o)	((tt_(o) & NNMASK) != NNMARK)
-
-#define tag2tt(t)	(NNMARK | (t))
-
-#undef rttype
-#define rttype(o)	(ttisnumber(o) ? LUA_TNUMBER : tt_(o) & 0xff)
-
-#undef settt_
-#define settt_(o,t)	(tt_(o) = tag2tt(t))
+typedef TValue *StkId;  /* index to stack elements */
 
-#undef setnvalue
-#define setnvalue(obj,x) \
-	{ TValue *io_=(obj); num_(io_)=(x); lua_assert(ttisnumber(io_)); }
 
-#undef setobj
-#define setobj(L,obj1,obj2) \
-	{ const TValue *o2_=(obj2); TValue *o1_=(obj1); \
-	  o1_->u = o2_->u; \
-	  checkliveness(G(L),o1_); }
 
 
 /*
-** these redefinitions are not mandatory, but these forms are more efficient
+** Header for string value; string bytes follow the end of this structure
+** (aligned according to 'UTString'; see next).
 */
-
-#undef checktag
-#undef checktype
-#define checktag(o,t)	(tt_(o) == tag2tt(t))
-#define checktype(o,t)	(ctb(tt_(o) | VARBITS) == ctb(tag2tt(t) | VARBITS))
-
-#undef ttisequal
-#define ttisequal(o1,o2)  \
-	(ttisnumber(o1) ? ttisnumber(o2) : (tt_(o1) == tt_(o2)))
-
-
-#undef luai_checknum
-#define luai_checknum(L,o,c)	{ if (!ttisnumber(o)) c; }
-
-#endif
-/* }====================================================== */
-
+typedef struct TString {
+  CommonHeader;
+  lu_byte extra;  /* reserved words for short strings; "has hash" for longs */
+  lu_byte shrlen;  /* length for short strings */
+  unsigned int hash;
+  union {
+    size_t lnglen;  /* length for long strings */
+    struct TString *hnext;  /* linked list for hash table */
+  } u;
+} TString;
 
 
 /*
-** {======================================================
-** types and prototypes
-** =======================================================
+** Ensures that address after this type is always fully aligned.
 */
+typedef union UTString {
+  L_Umaxalign dummy;  /* ensures maximum alignment for strings */
+  TString tsv;
+} UTString;
 
 
-union Value {
-  GCObject *gc;    /* collectable objects */
-  void *p;         /* light userdata */
-  int b;           /* booleans */
-  lua_CFunction f; /* light C functions */
-  numfield         /* numbers */
-};
-
-
-struct lua_TValue {
-  TValuefields;
-};
+/*
+** Get the actual string (array of bytes) from a 'TString'.
+** (Access to 'extra' ensures that value is really a 'TString'.)
+*/
+#define getstr(ts)  \
+  check_exp(sizeof((ts)->extra), cast(char *, (ts)) + sizeof(UTString))
 
 
-typedef TValue *StkId;  /* index to stack elements */
+/* get the actual string (array of bytes) from a Lua value */
+#define svalue(o)       getstr(tsvalue(o))
 
+/* get string length from 'TString *s' */
+#define tsslen(s)	((s)->tt == LUA_TSHRSTR ? (s)->shrlen : (s)->u.lnglen)
 
+/* get string length from 'TValue *o' */
+#define vslen(o)	tsslen(tsvalue(o))
 
 
 /*
-** Header for string value; string bytes follow the end of this structure
+** Header for userdata; memory area follows the end of this structure
+** (aligned according to 'UUdata'; see next).
 */
-typedef union TString {
-  L_Umaxalign dummy;  /* ensures maximum alignment for strings */
-  struct {
-    CommonHeader;
-    lu_byte extra;  /* reserved words for short strings; "has hash" for longs */
-    unsigned int hash;
-    size_t len;  /* number of characters in string */
-  } tsv;
-} TString;
-
+typedef struct Udata {
+  CommonHeader;
+  lu_byte ttuv_;  /* user value's tag */
+  struct Table *metatable;
+  size_t len;  /* number of bytes */
+  union Value user_;  /* user value */
+} Udata;
 
-/* get the actual string (array of bytes) from a TString */
-#define getstr(ts)	cast(const char *, (ts) + 1)
 
-/* get the actual string (array of bytes) from a Lua value */
-#define svalue(o)       getstr(rawtsvalue(o))
+/*
+** Ensures that address after this type is always fully aligned.
+*/
+typedef union UUdata {
+  L_Umaxalign dummy;  /* ensures maximum alignment for 'local' udata */
+  Udata uv;
+} UUdata;
 
 
 /*
-** Header for userdata; memory area follows the end of this structure
+**  Get the address of memory block inside 'Udata'.
+** (Access to 'ttuv_' ensures that value is really a 'Udata'.)
 */
-typedef union Udata {
-  L_Umaxalign dummy;  /* ensures maximum alignment for `local' udata */
-  struct {
-    CommonHeader;
-    struct Table *metatable;
-    struct Table *env;
-    size_t len;  /* number of bytes */
-  } uv;
-} Udata;
+#define getudatamem(u)  \
+  check_exp(sizeof((u)->ttuv_), (cast(char*, (u)) + sizeof(UUdata)))
+
+#define setuservalue(L,u,o) \
+	{ const TValue *io=(o); Udata *iu = (u); \
+	  iu->user_ = io->value_; iu->ttuv_ = rttype(io); \
+	  checkliveness(L,io); }
+
 
+#define getuservalue(L,u,o) \
+	{ TValue *io=(o); const Udata *iu = (u); \
+	  io->value_ = iu->user_; settt_(io, iu->ttuv_); \
+	  checkliveness(L,io); }
 
 
 /*
@@ -445,7 +385,7 @@ typedef union Udata {
 */
 typedef struct Upvaldesc {
   TString *name;  /* upvalue name (for debug information) */
-  lu_byte instack;  /* whether it is in stack */
+  lu_byte instack;  /* whether it is in stack (register) */
   lu_byte idx;  /* index of upvalue (in stack or in outer function's list) */
 } Upvaldesc;
 
@@ -466,26 +406,26 @@ typedef struct LocVar {
 */
 typedef struct Proto {
   CommonHeader;
+  lu_byte numparams;  /* number of fixed parameters */
+  lu_byte is_vararg;  /* 2: declared vararg; 1: uses vararg */
+  lu_byte maxstacksize;  /* number of registers needed by this function */
+  int sizeupvalues;  /* size of 'upvalues' */
+  int sizek;  /* size of 'k' */
+  int sizecode;
+  int sizelineinfo;
+  int sizep;  /* size of 'p' */
+  int sizelocvars;
+  int linedefined;  /* debug information  */
+  int lastlinedefined;  /* debug information  */
   TValue *k;  /* constants used by the function */
-  Instruction *code;
+  Instruction *code;  /* opcodes */
   struct Proto **p;  /* functions defined inside the function */
   int *lineinfo;  /* map from opcodes to source lines (debug information) */
   LocVar *locvars;  /* information about local variables (debug information) */
   Upvaldesc *upvalues;  /* upvalue information */
-  union Closure *cache;  /* last created closure with this prototype */
+  struct LClosure *cache;  /* last-created closure with this prototype */
   TString  *source;  /* used for debug information */
-  int sizeupvalues;  /* size of 'upvalues' */
-  int sizek;  /* size of `k' */
-  int sizecode;
-  int sizelineinfo;
-  int sizep;  /* size of `p' */
-  int sizelocvars;
-  int linedefined;
-  int lastlinedefined;
   GCObject *gclist;
-  lu_byte numparams;  /* number of fixed parameters */
-  lu_byte is_vararg;
-  lu_byte maxstacksize;  /* maximum stack used by this function */
 } Proto;
 
 
@@ -493,17 +433,7 @@ typedef struct Proto {
 /*
 ** Lua Upvalues
 */
-typedef struct UpVal {
-  CommonHeader;
-  TValue *v;  /* points to stack or to its own value */
-  union {
-    TValue value;  /* the value (when closed) */
-    struct {  /* double linked list (when open) */
-      struct UpVal *prev;
-      struct UpVal *next;
-    } l;
-  } u;
-} UpVal;
+typedef struct UpVal UpVal;
 
 
 /*
@@ -545,12 +475,19 @@ typedef union Closure {
 typedef union TKey {
   struct {
     TValuefields;
-    struct Node *next;  /* for chaining */
+    int next;  /* for chaining (offset for next node) */
   } nk;
   TValue tvk;
 } TKey;
 
 
+/* copy a value into a key without messing up field 'next' */
+#define setnodekey(L,key,obj) \
+	{ TKey *k_=(key); const TValue *io_=(obj); \
+	  k_->nk.value_ = io_->value_; k_->nk.tt_ = io_->tt_; \
+	  (void)L; checkliveness(L,io_); }
+
+
 typedef struct Node {
   TValue i_val;
   TKey i_key;
@@ -560,19 +497,19 @@ typedef struct Node {
 typedef struct Table {
   CommonHeader;
   lu_byte flags;  /* 1<<p means tagmethod(p) is not present */
-  lu_byte lsizenode;  /* log2 of size of `node' array */
-  struct Table *metatable;
+  lu_byte lsizenode;  /* log2 of size of 'node' array */
+  unsigned int sizearray;  /* size of 'array' array */
   TValue *array;  /* array part */
   Node *node;
   Node *lastfree;  /* any free position is before this position */
+  struct Table *metatable;
   GCObject *gclist;
-  int sizearray;  /* size of `array' array */
 } Table;
 
 
 
 /*
-** `module' operation for hashing (size is always a power of 2)
+** 'module' operation for hashing (size is always a power of 2)
 */
 #define lmod(s,size) \
 	(check_exp((size&(size-1))==0, (cast(int, (s) & ((size)-1)))))
@@ -590,13 +527,18 @@ typedef struct Table {
 
 LUAI_DDEC const TValue luaO_nilobject_;
 
+/* size of buffer for 'luaO_utf8esc' function */
+#define UTF8BUFFSZ	8
 
 LUAI_FUNC int luaO_int2fb (unsigned int x);
 LUAI_FUNC int luaO_fb2int (int x);
+LUAI_FUNC int luaO_utf8esc (char *buff, unsigned long x);
 LUAI_FUNC int luaO_ceillog2 (unsigned int x);
-LUAI_FUNC lua_Number luaO_arith (int op, lua_Number v1, lua_Number v2);
-LUAI_FUNC int luaO_str2d (const char *s, size_t len, lua_Number *result);
+LUAI_FUNC void luaO_arith (lua_State *L, int op, const TValue *p1,
+                           const TValue *p2, TValue *res);
+LUAI_FUNC size_t luaO_str2num (const char *s, TValue *o);
 LUAI_FUNC int luaO_hexavalue (int c);
+LUAI_FUNC void luaO_tostring (lua_State *L, StkId obj);
 LUAI_FUNC const char *luaO_pushvfstring (lua_State *L, const char *fmt,
                                                        va_list argp);
 LUAI_FUNC const char *luaO_pushfstring (lua_State *L, const char *fmt, ...);
diff --git a/lua/lopcodes.c b/lua/lopcodes.c
index 4190dc7..a1cbef8 100644
--- a/lua/lopcodes.c
+++ b/lua/lopcodes.c
@@ -1,13 +1,16 @@
 /*
-** $Id: lopcodes.c,v 1.49.1.1 2013/04/12 18:48:47 roberto Exp $
+** $Id: lopcodes.c,v 1.55 2015/01/05 13:48:33 roberto Exp $
 ** Opcodes for Lua virtual machine
 ** See Copyright Notice in lua.h
 */
 
-
 #define lopcodes_c
 #define LUA_CORE
 
+#include "lprefix.h"
+
+
+#include <stddef.h>
 
 #include "lopcodes.h"
 
@@ -31,10 +34,17 @@ LUAI_DDEF const char *const luaP_opnames[NUM_OPCODES+1] = {
   "ADD",
   "SUB",
   "MUL",
-  "DIV",
   "MOD",
   "POW",
+  "DIV",
+  "IDIV",
+  "BAND",
+  "BOR",
+  "BXOR",
+  "SHL",
+  "SHR",
   "UNM",
+  "BNOT",
   "NOT",
   "LEN",
   "CONCAT",
@@ -79,10 +89,17 @@ LUAI_DDEF const lu_byte luaP_opmodes[NUM_OPCODES] = {
  ,opmode(0, 1, OpArgK, OpArgK, iABC)		/* OP_ADD */
  ,opmode(0, 1, OpArgK, OpArgK, iABC)		/* OP_SUB */
  ,opmode(0, 1, OpArgK, OpArgK, iABC)		/* OP_MUL */
- ,opmode(0, 1, OpArgK, OpArgK, iABC)		/* OP_DIV */
  ,opmode(0, 1, OpArgK, OpArgK, iABC)		/* OP_MOD */
  ,opmode(0, 1, OpArgK, OpArgK, iABC)		/* OP_POW */
+ ,opmode(0, 1, OpArgK, OpArgK, iABC)		/* OP_DIV */
+ ,opmode(0, 1, OpArgK, OpArgK, iABC)		/* OP_IDIV */
+ ,opmode(0, 1, OpArgK, OpArgK, iABC)		/* OP_BAND */
+ ,opmode(0, 1, OpArgK, OpArgK, iABC)		/* OP_BOR */
+ ,opmode(0, 1, OpArgK, OpArgK, iABC)		/* OP_BXOR */
+ ,opmode(0, 1, OpArgK, OpArgK, iABC)		/* OP_SHL */
+ ,opmode(0, 1, OpArgK, OpArgK, iABC)		/* OP_SHR */
  ,opmode(0, 1, OpArgR, OpArgN, iABC)		/* OP_UNM */
+ ,opmode(0, 1, OpArgR, OpArgN, iABC)		/* OP_BNOT */
  ,opmode(0, 1, OpArgR, OpArgN, iABC)		/* OP_NOT */
  ,opmode(0, 1, OpArgR, OpArgN, iABC)		/* OP_LEN */
  ,opmode(0, 1, OpArgR, OpArgR, iABC)		/* OP_CONCAT */
diff --git a/lua/lopcodes.h b/lua/lopcodes.h
index 51f5791..864b8e4 100644
--- a/lua/lopcodes.h
+++ b/lua/lopcodes.h
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
-** $Id: lopcodes.h,v 1.142.1.1 2013/04/12 18:48:47 roberto Exp $
+** $Id: lopcodes.h,v 1.148 2014/10/25 11:50:46 roberto Exp $
 ** Opcodes for Lua virtual machine
 ** See Copyright Notice in lua.h
 */
@@ -14,12 +14,12 @@
   We assume that instructions are unsigned numbers.
   All instructions have an opcode in the first 6 bits.
   Instructions can have the following fields:
-	`A' : 8 bits
-	`B' : 9 bits
-	`C' : 9 bits
+	'A' : 8 bits
+	'B' : 9 bits
+	'C' : 9 bits
 	'Ax' : 26 bits ('A', 'B', and 'C' together)
-	`Bx' : 18 bits (`B' and `C' together)
-	`sBx' : signed Bx
+	'Bx' : 18 bits ('B' and 'C' together)
+	'sBx' : signed Bx
 
   A signed argument is represented in excess K; that is, the number
   value is the unsigned value minus K. K is exactly the maximum value
@@ -58,7 +58,7 @@ enum OpMode {iABC, iABx, iAsBx, iAx};  /* basic instruction format */
 */
 #if SIZE_Bx < LUAI_BITSINT-1
 #define MAXARG_Bx        ((1<<SIZE_Bx)-1)
-#define MAXARG_sBx        (MAXARG_Bx>>1)         /* `sBx' is signed */
+#define MAXARG_sBx        (MAXARG_Bx>>1)         /* 'sBx' is signed */
 #else
 #define MAXARG_Bx        MAX_INT
 #define MAXARG_sBx        MAX_INT
@@ -76,10 +76,10 @@ enum OpMode {iABC, iABx, iAsBx, iAx};  /* basic instruction format */
 #define MAXARG_C        ((1<<SIZE_C)-1)
 
 
-/* creates a mask with `n' 1 bits at position `p' */
+/* creates a mask with 'n' 1 bits at position 'p' */
 #define MASK1(n,p)	((~((~(Instruction)0)<<(n)))<<(p))
 
-/* creates a mask with `n' 0 bits at position `p' */
+/* creates a mask with 'n' 0 bits at position 'p' */
 #define MASK0(n,p)	(~MASK1(n,p))
 
 /*
@@ -187,16 +187,23 @@ OP_SELF,/*	A B C	R(A+1) := R(B); R(A) := R(B)[RK(C)]		*/
 OP_ADD,/*	A B C	R(A) := RK(B) + RK(C)				*/
 OP_SUB,/*	A B C	R(A) := RK(B) - RK(C)				*/
 OP_MUL,/*	A B C	R(A) := RK(B) * RK(C)				*/
-OP_DIV,/*	A B C	R(A) := RK(B) / RK(C)				*/
 OP_MOD,/*	A B C	R(A) := RK(B) % RK(C)				*/
 OP_POW,/*	A B C	R(A) := RK(B) ^ RK(C)				*/
+OP_DIV,/*	A B C	R(A) := RK(B) / RK(C)				*/
+OP_IDIV,/*	A B C	R(A) := RK(B) // RK(C)				*/
+OP_BAND,/*	A B C	R(A) := RK(B) & RK(C)				*/
+OP_BOR,/*	A B C	R(A) := RK(B) | RK(C)				*/
+OP_BXOR,/*	A B C	R(A) := RK(B) ~ RK(C)				*/
+OP_SHL,/*	A B C	R(A) := RK(B) << RK(C)				*/
+OP_SHR,/*	A B C	R(A) := RK(B) >> RK(C)				*/
 OP_UNM,/*	A B	R(A) := -R(B)					*/
+OP_BNOT,/*	A B	R(A) := ~R(B)					*/
 OP_NOT,/*	A B	R(A) := not R(B)				*/
 OP_LEN,/*	A B	R(A) := length of R(B)				*/
 
 OP_CONCAT,/*	A B C	R(A) := R(B).. ... ..R(C)			*/
 
-OP_JMP,/*	A sBx	pc+=sBx; if (A) close all upvalues >= R(A) + 1	*/
+OP_JMP,/*	A sBx	pc+=sBx; if (A) close all upvalues >= R(A - 1)	*/
 OP_EQ,/*	A B C	if ((RK(B) == RK(C)) ~= A) then pc++		*/
 OP_LT,/*	A B C	if ((RK(B) <  RK(C)) ~= A) then pc++		*/
 OP_LE,/*	A B C	if ((RK(B) <= RK(C)) ~= A) then pc++		*/
@@ -231,16 +238,16 @@ OP_EXTRAARG/*	Ax	extra (larger) argument for previous opcode	*/
 
 /*===========================================================================
   Notes:
-  (*) In OP_CALL, if (B == 0) then B = top. If (C == 0), then `top' is
+  (*) In OP_CALL, if (B == 0) then B = top. If (C == 0), then 'top' is
   set to last_result+1, so next open instruction (OP_CALL, OP_RETURN,
-  OP_SETLIST) may use `top'.
+  OP_SETLIST) may use 'top'.
 
   (*) In OP_VARARG, if (B == 0) then use actual number of varargs and
   set top (like in OP_CALL with C == 0).
 
-  (*) In OP_RETURN, if (B == 0) then return up to `top'.
+  (*) In OP_RETURN, if (B == 0) then return up to 'top'.
 
-  (*) In OP_SETLIST, if (B == 0) then B = `top'; if (C == 0) then next
+  (*) In OP_SETLIST, if (B == 0) then B = 'top'; if (C == 0) then next
   'instruction' is EXTRAARG(real C).
 
   (*) In OP_LOADKX, the next 'instruction' is always EXTRAARG.
@@ -248,7 +255,7 @@ OP_EXTRAARG/*	Ax	extra (larger) argument for previous opcode	*/
   (*) For comparisons, A specifies what condition the test should accept
   (true or false).
 
-  (*) All `skips' (pc++) assume that next instruction is a jump.
+  (*) All 'skips' (pc++) assume that next instruction is a jump.
 
 ===========================================================================*/
 
diff --git a/lua/loslib.c b/lua/loslib.c
index 052ba17..7dae533 100644
--- a/lua/loslib.c
+++ b/lua/loslib.c
@@ -1,9 +1,14 @@
 /*
-** $Id: loslib.c,v 1.40.1.1 2013/04/12 18:48:47 roberto Exp $
+** $Id: loslib.c,v 1.60 2015/11/19 19:16:22 roberto Exp $
 ** Standard Operating System library
 ** See Copyright Notice in lua.h
 */
 
+#define loslib_c
+#define LUA_LIB
+
+#include "lprefix.h"
+
 
 #include <errno.h>
 #include <locale.h>
@@ -11,9 +16,6 @@
 #include <string.h>
 #include <time.h>
 
-#define loslib_c
-#define LUA_LIB
-
 #include "lua.h"
 
 #include "lauxlib.h"
@@ -21,60 +23,108 @@
 
 
 /*
+** {==================================================================
 ** list of valid conversion specifiers for the 'strftime' function
+** ===================================================================
 */
-#if !defined(LUA_STRFTIMEOPTIONS)
+#if !defined(LUA_STRFTIMEOPTIONS)	/* { */
 
-#if !defined(LUA_USE_POSIX)
+#if defined(LUA_USE_C89)
 #define LUA_STRFTIMEOPTIONS	{ "aAbBcdHIjmMpSUwWxXyYz%", "" }
-#else
+#else  /* C99 specification */
 #define LUA_STRFTIMEOPTIONS \
-	{ "aAbBcCdDeFgGhHIjmMnprRStTuUVwWxXyYzZ%", "" \
-	  "", "E", "cCxXyY",  \
+	{ "aAbBcCdDeFgGhHIjmMnprRStTuUVwWxXyYzZ%", "", \
+	  "E", "cCxXyY",  \
 	  "O", "deHImMSuUVwWy" }
 #endif
 
-#endif
-
+#endif					/* } */
+/* }================================================================== */
 
 
 /*
-** By default, Lua uses tmpnam except when POSIX is available, where it
-** uses mkstemp.
+** {==================================================================
+** Configuration for time-related stuff
+** ===================================================================
 */
-#if defined(LUA_USE_MKSTEMP)
-#include <unistd.h>
-#define LUA_TMPNAMBUFSIZE	32
-#define lua_tmpnam(b,e) { \
-        strcpy(b, "/tmp/lua_XXXXXX"); \
-        e = mkstemp(b); \
-        if (e != -1) close(e); \
-        e = (e == -1); }
 
-#elif !defined(lua_tmpnam)
+#if !defined(l_time_t)		/* { */
+/*
+** type to represent time_t in Lua
+*/
+#define l_timet			lua_Integer
+#define l_pushtime(L,t)		lua_pushinteger(L,(lua_Integer)(t))
 
-#define LUA_TMPNAMBUFSIZE	L_tmpnam
-#define lua_tmpnam(b,e)		{ e = (tmpnam(b) == NULL); }
+static time_t l_checktime (lua_State *L, int arg) {
+  lua_Integer t = luaL_checkinteger(L, arg);
+  luaL_argcheck(L, (time_t)t == t, arg, "time out-of-bounds");
+  return (time_t)t;
+}
 
-#endif
+#endif				/* } */
 
 
+#if !defined(l_gmtime)		/* { */
 /*
 ** By default, Lua uses gmtime/localtime, except when POSIX is available,
 ** where it uses gmtime_r/localtime_r
 */
-#if defined(LUA_USE_GMTIME_R)
+
+#if defined(LUA_USE_POSIX)	/* { */
 
 #define l_gmtime(t,r)		gmtime_r(t,r)
 #define l_localtime(t,r)	localtime_r(t,r)
 
-#elif !defined(l_gmtime)
+#else				/* }{ */
+
+/* ISO C definitions */
+#define l_gmtime(t,r)		((void)(r)->tm_sec, gmtime(t))
+#define l_localtime(t,r)  	((void)(r)->tm_sec, localtime(t))
+
+#endif				/* } */
+
+#endif				/* } */
+
+/* }================================================================== */
+
 
-#define l_gmtime(t,r)		((void)r, gmtime(t))
-#define l_localtime(t,r)  	((void)r, localtime(t))
+/*
+** {==================================================================
+** Configuration for 'tmpnam':
+** By default, Lua uses tmpnam except when POSIX is available, where
+** it uses mkstemp.
+** ===================================================================
+*/
+#if !defined(lua_tmpnam)	/* { */
+
+#if defined(LUA_USE_POSIX)	/* { */
+
+#include <unistd.h>
+
+#define LUA_TMPNAMBUFSIZE	32
 
+#if !defined(LUA_TMPNAMTEMPLATE)
+#define LUA_TMPNAMTEMPLATE	"/tmp/lua_XXXXXX"
 #endif
 
+#define lua_tmpnam(b,e) { \
+        strcpy(b, LUA_TMPNAMTEMPLATE); \
+        e = mkstemp(b); \
+        if (e != -1) close(e); \
+        e = (e == -1); }
+
+#else				/* }{ */
+
+/* ISO C definitions */
+#define LUA_TMPNAMBUFSIZE	L_tmpnam
+#define lua_tmpnam(b,e)		{ e = (tmpnam(b) == NULL); }
+
+#endif				/* } */
+
+#endif				/* } */
+/* }================================================================== */
+
+
 
 
 static int os_execute (lua_State *L) {
@@ -147,24 +197,35 @@ static void setboolfield (lua_State *L, const char *key, int value) {
 
 static int getboolfield (lua_State *L, const char *key) {
   int res;
-  lua_getfield(L, -1, key);
-  res = lua_isnil(L, -1) ? -1 : lua_toboolean(L, -1);
+  res = (lua_getfield(L, -1, key) == LUA_TNIL) ? -1 : lua_toboolean(L, -1);
   lua_pop(L, 1);
   return res;
 }
 
 
-static int getfield (lua_State *L, const char *key, int d) {
-  int res, isnum;
-  lua_getfield(L, -1, key);
-  res = (int)lua_tointegerx(L, -1, &isnum);
-  if (!isnum) {
-    if (d < 0)
-      return luaL_error(L, "field " LUA_QS " missing in date table", key);
+/* maximum value for date fields (to avoid arithmetic overflows with 'int') */
+#if !defined(L_MAXDATEFIELD)
+#define L_MAXDATEFIELD	(INT_MAX / 2)
+#endif
+
+static int getfield (lua_State *L, const char *key, int d, int delta) {
+  int isnum;
+  int t = lua_getfield(L, -1, key);
+  lua_Integer res = lua_tointegerx(L, -1, &isnum);
+  if (!isnum) {  /* field is not a number? */
+    if (t != LUA_TNIL)  /* some other value? */
+      return luaL_error(L, "field '%s' not an integer", key);
+    else if (d < 0)  /* absent field; no default? */
+      return luaL_error(L, "field '%s' missing in date table", key);
     res = d;
   }
+  else {
+    if (!(-L_MAXDATEFIELD <= res && res <= L_MAXDATEFIELD))
+      return luaL_error(L, "field '%s' out-of-bounds", key);
+    res -= delta;
+  }
   lua_pop(L, 1);
-  return res;
+  return (int)res;
 }
 
 
@@ -192,19 +253,23 @@ static const char *checkoption (lua_State *L, const char *conv, char *buff) {
 }
 
 
+/* maximum size for an individual 'strftime' item */
+#define SIZETIMEFMT	250
+
+
 static int os_date (lua_State *L) {
   const char *s = luaL_optstring(L, 1, "%c");
-  time_t t = luaL_opt(L, (time_t)luaL_checknumber, 2, time(NULL));
+  time_t t = luaL_opt(L, l_checktime, 2, time(NULL));
   struct tm tmr, *stm;
   if (*s == '!') {  /* UTC? */
     stm = l_gmtime(&t, &tmr);
-    s++;  /* skip `!' */
+    s++;  /* skip '!' */
   }
   else
     stm = l_localtime(&t, &tmr);
   if (stm == NULL)  /* invalid date? */
-    lua_pushnil(L);
-  else if (strcmp(s, "*t") == 0) {
+    luaL_error(L, "time result cannot be represented in this installation");
+  if (strcmp(s, "*t") == 0) {
     lua_createtable(L, 0, 9);  /* 9 = number of fields */
     setfield(L, "sec", stm->tm_sec);
     setfield(L, "min", stm->tm_min);
@@ -222,14 +287,14 @@ static int os_date (lua_State *L) {
     cc[0] = '%';
     luaL_buffinit(L, &b);
     while (*s) {
-      if (*s != '%')  /* no conversion specifier? */
+      if (*s != '%')  /* not a conversion specifier? */
         luaL_addchar(&b, *s++);
       else {
         size_t reslen;
-        char buff[200];  /* should be big enough for any conversion result */
+        char *buff = luaL_prepbuffsize(&b, SIZETIMEFMT);
         s = checkoption(L, s + 1, cc);
-        reslen = strftime(buff, sizeof(buff), cc, stm);
-        luaL_addlstring(&b, buff, reslen);
+        reslen = strftime(buff, SIZETIMEFMT, cc, stm);
+        luaL_addsize(&b, reslen);
       }
     }
     luaL_pushresult(&b);
@@ -246,26 +311,26 @@ static int os_time (lua_State *L) {
     struct tm ts;
     luaL_checktype(L, 1, LUA_TTABLE);
     lua_settop(L, 1);  /* make sure table is at the top */
-    ts.tm_sec = getfield(L, "sec", 0);
-    ts.tm_min = getfield(L, "min", 0);
-    ts.tm_hour = getfield(L, "hour", 12);
-    ts.tm_mday = getfield(L, "day", -1);
-    ts.tm_mon = getfield(L, "month", -1) - 1;
-    ts.tm_year = getfield(L, "year", -1) - 1900;
+    ts.tm_sec = getfield(L, "sec", 0, 0);
+    ts.tm_min = getfield(L, "min", 0, 0);
+    ts.tm_hour = getfield(L, "hour", 12, 0);
+    ts.tm_mday = getfield(L, "day", -1, 0);
+    ts.tm_mon = getfield(L, "month", -1, 1);
+    ts.tm_year = getfield(L, "year", -1, 1900);
     ts.tm_isdst = getboolfield(L, "isdst");
     t = mktime(&ts);
   }
-  if (t == (time_t)(-1))
-    lua_pushnil(L);
-  else
-    lua_pushnumber(L, (lua_Number)t);
+  if (t != (time_t)(l_timet)t || t == (time_t)(-1))
+    luaL_error(L, "time result cannot be represented in this installation");
+  l_pushtime(L, t);
   return 1;
 }
 
 
 static int os_difftime (lua_State *L) {
-  lua_pushnumber(L, difftime((time_t)(luaL_checknumber(L, 1)),
-                             (time_t)(luaL_optnumber(L, 2, 0))));
+  time_t t1 = l_checktime(L, 1);
+  time_t t2 = l_checktime(L, 2);
+  lua_pushnumber(L, (lua_Number)difftime(t1, t2));
   return 1;
 }
 
@@ -289,7 +354,7 @@ static int os_exit (lua_State *L) {
   if (lua_isboolean(L, 1))
     status = (lua_toboolean(L, 1) ? EXIT_SUCCESS : EXIT_FAILURE);
   else
-    status = luaL_optint(L, 1, EXIT_SUCCESS);
+    status = (int)luaL_optinteger(L, 1, EXIT_SUCCESS);
   if (lua_toboolean(L, 2))
     lua_close(L);
   if (L) exit(status);  /* 'if' to avoid warnings for unreachable 'return' */
diff --git a/lua/lparser.c b/lua/lparser.c
index 9e1a9ca..282a6b1 100644
--- a/lua/lparser.c
+++ b/lua/lparser.c
@@ -1,15 +1,17 @@
 /*
-** $Id: lparser.c,v 2.130.1.1 2013/04/12 18:48:47 roberto Exp $
+** $Id: lparser.c,v 2.149 2015/11/02 16:09:30 roberto Exp $
 ** Lua Parser
 ** See Copyright Notice in lua.h
 */
 
-
-#include <string.h>
-
 #define lparser_c
 #define LUA_CORE
 
+#include "lprefix.h"
+
+
+#include <string.h>
+
 #include "lua.h"
 
 #include "lcode.h"
@@ -35,17 +37,21 @@
 #define hasmultret(k)		((k) == VCALL || (k) == VVARARG)
 
 
+/* because all strings are unified by the scanner, the parser
+   can use pointer equality for string equality */
+#define eqstr(a,b)	((a) == (b))
+
 
 /*
 ** nodes for block list (list of active blocks)
 */
 typedef struct BlockCnt {
   struct BlockCnt *previous;  /* chain */
-  short firstlabel;  /* index of first label in this block */
-  short firstgoto;  /* index of first pending goto in this block */
+  int firstlabel;  /* index of first label in this block */
+  int firstgoto;  /* index of first pending goto in this block */
   lu_byte nactvar;  /* # active locals outside the block */
   lu_byte upval;  /* true if some variable in the block is an upvalue */
-  lu_byte isloop;  /* true if `block' is a loop */
+  lu_byte isloop;  /* true if 'block' is a loop */
 } BlockCnt;
 
 
@@ -57,19 +63,9 @@ static void statement (LexState *ls);
 static void expr (LexState *ls, expdesc *v);
 
 
-static void anchor_token (LexState *ls) {
-  /* last token from outer function must be EOS */
-  lua_assert(ls->fs != NULL || ls->t.token == TK_EOS);
-  if (ls->t.token == TK_NAME || ls->t.token == TK_STRING) {
-    TString *ts = ls->t.seminfo.ts;
-    luaX_newstring(ls, getstr(ts), ts->tsv.len);
-  }
-}
-
-
 /* semantic error */
 static l_noret semerror (LexState *ls, const char *msg) {
-  ls->t.token = 0;  /* remove 'near to' from final message */
+  ls->t.token = 0;  /* remove "near <token>" from final message */
   luaX_syntaxerror(ls, msg);
 }
 
@@ -222,7 +218,7 @@ static int searchupvalue (FuncState *fs, TString *name) {
   int i;
   Upvaldesc *up = fs->f->upvalues;
   for (i = 0; i < fs->nups; i++) {
-    if (luaS_eqstr(up[i].name, name)) return i;
+    if (eqstr(up[i].name, name)) return i;
   }
   return -1;  /* not found */
 }
@@ -246,7 +242,7 @@ static int newupvalue (FuncState *fs, TString *name, expdesc *v) {
 static int searchvar (FuncState *fs, TString *n) {
   int i;
   for (i = cast_int(fs->nactvar) - 1; i >= 0; i--) {
-    if (luaS_eqstr(n, getlocvar(fs, i)->varname))
+    if (eqstr(n, getlocvar(fs, i)->varname))
       return i;
   }
   return -1;  /* not found */
@@ -342,11 +338,11 @@ static void closegoto (LexState *ls, int g, Labeldesc *label) {
   FuncState *fs = ls->fs;
   Labellist *gl = &ls->dyd->gt;
   Labeldesc *gt = &gl->arr[g];
-  lua_assert(luaS_eqstr(gt->name, label->name));
+  lua_assert(eqstr(gt->name, label->name));
   if (gt->nactvar < label->nactvar) {
     TString *vname = getlocvar(fs, gt->nactvar)->varname;
     const char *msg = luaO_pushfstring(ls->L,
-      "<goto %s> at line %d jumps into the scope of local " LUA_QS,
+      "<goto %s> at line %d jumps into the scope of local '%s'",
       getstr(gt->name), gt->line, getstr(vname));
     semerror(ls, msg);
   }
@@ -369,7 +365,7 @@ static int findlabel (LexState *ls, int g) {
   /* check labels in current block for a match */
   for (i = bl->firstlabel; i < dyd->label.n; i++) {
     Labeldesc *lb = &dyd->label.arr[i];
-    if (luaS_eqstr(lb->name, gt->name)) {  /* correct label? */
+    if (eqstr(lb->name, gt->name)) {  /* correct label? */
       if (gt->nactvar > lb->nactvar &&
           (bl->upval || dyd->label.n > bl->firstlabel))
         luaK_patchclose(ls->fs, gt->pc, lb->nactvar);
@@ -390,7 +386,7 @@ static int newlabelentry (LexState *ls, Labellist *l, TString *name,
   l->arr[n].line = line;
   l->arr[n].nactvar = ls->fs->nactvar;
   l->arr[n].pc = pc;
-  l->n++;
+  l->n = n + 1;
   return n;
 }
 
@@ -403,7 +399,7 @@ static void findgotos (LexState *ls, Labeldesc *lb) {
   Labellist *gl = &ls->dyd->gt;
   int i = ls->fs->bl->firstgoto;
   while (i < gl->n) {
-    if (luaS_eqstr(gl->arr[i].name, lb->name))
+    if (eqstr(gl->arr[i].name, lb->name))
       closegoto(ls, i, lb);
     else
       i++;
@@ -412,7 +408,7 @@ static void findgotos (LexState *ls, Labeldesc *lb) {
 
 
 /*
-** "export" pending gotos to outer level, to check them against
+** export pending gotos to outer level, to check them against
 ** outer labels; if the block being exited has upvalues, and
 ** the goto exits the scope of any variable (which can be the
 ** upvalue), close those variables being exited.
@@ -448,7 +444,7 @@ static void enterblock (FuncState *fs, BlockCnt *bl, lu_byte isloop) {
 
 
 /*
-** create a label named "break" to resolve break statements
+** create a label named 'break' to resolve break statements
 */
 static void breaklabel (LexState *ls) {
   TString *n = luaS_new(ls->L, "break");
@@ -463,7 +459,7 @@ static void breaklabel (LexState *ls) {
 static l_noret undefgoto (LexState *ls, Labeldesc *gt) {
   const char *msg = isreserved(gt->name)
                     ? "<%s> at line %d not inside a loop"
-                    : "no visible label " LUA_QS " for <goto> at line %d";
+                    : "no visible label '%s' for <goto> at line %d";
   msg = luaO_pushfstring(ls->L, msg, getstr(gt->name), gt->line);
   semerror(ls, msg);
 }
@@ -525,7 +521,6 @@ static void codeclosure (LexState *ls, expdesc *v) {
 
 
 static void open_func (LexState *ls, FuncState *fs, BlockCnt *bl) {
-  lua_State *L = ls->L;
   Proto *f;
   fs->prev = ls->fs;  /* linked list of funcstates */
   fs->ls = ls;
@@ -544,10 +539,6 @@ static void open_func (LexState *ls, FuncState *fs, BlockCnt *bl) {
   f = fs->f;
   f->source = ls->source;
   f->maxstacksize = 2;  /* registers 0/1 are always valid */
-  fs->h = luaH_new(L);
-  /* anchor table of constants (to avoid being collected) */
-  sethvalue2s(L, L->top, fs->h);
-  incr_top(L);
   enterblock(fs, bl, 0);
 }
 
@@ -572,9 +563,6 @@ static void close_func (LexState *ls) {
   f->sizeupvalues = fs->nups;
   lua_assert(fs->bl == NULL);
   ls->fs = fs->prev;
-  /* last token read was anchored in defunct function; must re-anchor it */
-  anchor_token(ls);
-  L->top--;  /* pop table of constants */
   luaC_checkGC(L);
 }
 
@@ -588,7 +576,7 @@ static void close_func (LexState *ls) {
 /*
 ** check whether current token is in the follow set of a block.
 ** 'until' closes syntactical blocks, but do not close scope,
-** so it handled in separate.
+** so it is handled in separate.
 */
 static int block_follow (LexState *ls, int withuntil) {
   switch (ls->t.token) {
@@ -602,7 +590,7 @@ static int block_follow (LexState *ls, int withuntil) {
 
 
 static void statlist (LexState *ls) {
-  /* statlist -> { stat [`;'] } */
+  /* statlist -> { stat [';'] } */
   while (!block_follow(ls, 1)) {
     if (ls->t.token == TK_RETURN) {
       statement(ls);
@@ -643,14 +631,14 @@ static void yindex (LexState *ls, expdesc *v) {
 struct ConsControl {
   expdesc v;  /* last list item read */
   expdesc *t;  /* table descriptor */
-  int nh;  /* total number of `record' elements */
+  int nh;  /* total number of 'record' elements */
   int na;  /* total number of array elements */
   int tostore;  /* number of array elements pending to be stored */
 };
 
 
 static void recfield (LexState *ls, struct ConsControl *cc) {
-  /* recfield -> (NAME | `['exp1`]') = exp1 */
+  /* recfield -> (NAME | '['exp1']') = exp1 */
   FuncState *fs = ls->fs;
   int reg = ls->fs->freereg;
   expdesc key, val;
@@ -757,12 +745,12 @@ static void constructor (LexState *ls, expdesc *t) {
 
 
 static void parlist (LexState *ls) {
-  /* parlist -> [ param { `,' param } ] */
+  /* parlist -> [ param { ',' param } ] */
   FuncState *fs = ls->fs;
   Proto *f = fs->f;
   int nparams = 0;
   f->is_vararg = 0;
-  if (ls->t.token != ')') {  /* is `parlist' not empty? */
+  if (ls->t.token != ')') {  /* is 'parlist' not empty? */
     do {
       switch (ls->t.token) {
         case TK_NAME: {  /* param -> NAME */
@@ -770,12 +758,12 @@ static void parlist (LexState *ls) {
           nparams++;
           break;
         }
-        case TK_DOTS: {  /* param -> `...' */
+        case TK_DOTS: {  /* param -> '...' */
           luaX_next(ls);
-          f->is_vararg = 1;
+          f->is_vararg = 2;  /* declared vararg */
           break;
         }
-        default: luaX_syntaxerror(ls, "<name> or " LUA_QL("...") " expected");
+        default: luaX_syntaxerror(ls, "<name> or '...' expected");
       }
     } while (!f->is_vararg && testnext(ls, ','));
   }
@@ -786,7 +774,7 @@ static void parlist (LexState *ls) {
 
 
 static void body (LexState *ls, expdesc *e, int ismethod, int line) {
-  /* body ->  `(' parlist `)' block END */
+  /* body ->  '(' parlist ')' block END */
   FuncState new_fs;
   BlockCnt bl;
   new_fs.f = addprototype(ls);
@@ -808,7 +796,7 @@ static void body (LexState *ls, expdesc *e, int ismethod, int line) {
 
 
 static int explist (LexState *ls, expdesc *v) {
-  /* explist -> expr { `,' expr } */
+  /* explist -> expr { ',' expr } */
   int n = 1;  /* at least one expression */
   expr(ls, v);
   while (testnext(ls, ',')) {
@@ -825,7 +813,7 @@ static void funcargs (LexState *ls, expdesc *f, int line) {
   expdesc args;
   int base, nparams;
   switch (ls->t.token) {
-    case '(': {  /* funcargs -> `(' [ explist ] `)' */
+    case '(': {  /* funcargs -> '(' [ explist ] ')' */
       luaX_next(ls);
       if (ls->t.token == ')')  /* arg list is empty? */
         args.k = VVOID;
@@ -842,7 +830,7 @@ static void funcargs (LexState *ls, expdesc *f, int line) {
     }
     case TK_STRING: {  /* funcargs -> STRING */
       codestring(ls, &args, ls->t.seminfo.ts);
-      luaX_next(ls);  /* must use `seminfo' before `next' */
+      luaX_next(ls);  /* must use 'seminfo' before 'next' */
       break;
     }
     default: {
@@ -908,14 +896,14 @@ static void suffixedexp (LexState *ls, expdesc *v) {
         fieldsel(ls, v);
         break;
       }
-      case '[': {  /* `[' exp1 `]' */
+      case '[': {  /* '[' exp1 ']' */
         expdesc key;
         luaK_exp2anyregup(fs, v);
         yindex(ls, &key);
         luaK_indexed(fs, v, &key);
         break;
       }
-      case ':': {  /* `:' NAME funcargs */
+      case ':': {  /* ':' NAME funcargs */
         expdesc key;
         luaX_next(ls);
         checkname(ls, &key);
@@ -935,14 +923,19 @@ static void suffixedexp (LexState *ls, expdesc *v) {
 
 
 static void simpleexp (LexState *ls, expdesc *v) {
-  /* simpleexp -> NUMBER | STRING | NIL | TRUE | FALSE | ... |
+  /* simpleexp -> FLT | INT | STRING | NIL | TRUE | FALSE | ... |
                   constructor | FUNCTION body | suffixedexp */
   switch (ls->t.token) {
-    case TK_NUMBER: {
-      init_exp(v, VKNUM, 0);
+    case TK_FLT: {
+      init_exp(v, VKFLT, 0);
       v->u.nval = ls->t.seminfo.r;
       break;
     }
+    case TK_INT: {
+      init_exp(v, VKINT, 0);
+      v->u.ival = ls->t.seminfo.i;
+      break;
+    }
     case TK_STRING: {
       codestring(ls, v, ls->t.seminfo.ts);
       break;
@@ -962,7 +955,8 @@ static void simpleexp (LexState *ls, expdesc *v) {
     case TK_DOTS: {  /* vararg */
       FuncState *fs = ls->fs;
       check_condition(ls, fs->f->is_vararg,
-                      "cannot use " LUA_QL("...") " outside a vararg function");
+                      "cannot use '...' outside a vararg function");
+      fs->f->is_vararg = 1;  /* function actually uses vararg */
       init_exp(v, VVARARG, luaK_codeABC(fs, OP_VARARG, 0, 1, 0));
       break;
     }
@@ -988,6 +982,7 @@ static UnOpr getunopr (int op) {
   switch (op) {
     case TK_NOT: return OPR_NOT;
     case '-': return OPR_MINUS;
+    case '~': return OPR_BNOT;
     case '#': return OPR_LEN;
     default: return OPR_NOUNOPR;
   }
@@ -999,9 +994,15 @@ static BinOpr getbinopr (int op) {
     case '+': return OPR_ADD;
     case '-': return OPR_SUB;
     case '*': return OPR_MUL;
-    case '/': return OPR_DIV;
     case '%': return OPR_MOD;
     case '^': return OPR_POW;
+    case '/': return OPR_DIV;
+    case TK_IDIV: return OPR_IDIV;
+    case '&': return OPR_BAND;
+    case '|': return OPR_BOR;
+    case '~': return OPR_BXOR;
+    case TK_SHL: return OPR_SHL;
+    case TK_SHR: return OPR_SHR;
     case TK_CONCAT: return OPR_CONCAT;
     case TK_NE: return OPR_NE;
     case TK_EQ: return OPR_EQ;
@@ -1020,19 +1021,24 @@ static const struct {
   lu_byte left;  /* left priority for each binary operator */
   lu_byte right; /* right priority */
 } priority[] = {  /* ORDER OPR */
-   {6, 6}, {6, 6}, {7, 7}, {7, 7}, {7, 7},  /* `+' `-' `*' `/' `%' */
-   {10, 9}, {5, 4},                 /* ^, .. (right associative) */
-   {3, 3}, {3, 3}, {3, 3},          /* ==, <, <= */
-   {3, 3}, {3, 3}, {3, 3},          /* ~=, >, >= */
-   {2, 2}, {1, 1}                   /* and, or */
+   {10, 10}, {10, 10},           /* '+' '-' */
+   {11, 11}, {11, 11},           /* '*' '%' */
+   {14, 13},                  /* '^' (right associative) */
+   {11, 11}, {11, 11},           /* '/' '//' */
+   {6, 6}, {4, 4}, {5, 5},   /* '&' '|' '~' */
+   {7, 7}, {7, 7},           /* '<<' '>>' */
+   {9, 8},                   /* '..' (right associative) */
+   {3, 3}, {3, 3}, {3, 3},   /* ==, <, <= */
+   {3, 3}, {3, 3}, {3, 3},   /* ~=, >, >= */
+   {2, 2}, {1, 1}            /* and, or */
 };
 
-#define UNARY_PRIORITY	8  /* priority for unary operators */
+#define UNARY_PRIORITY	12  /* priority for unary operators */
 
 
 /*
 ** subexpr -> (simpleexp | unop subexpr) { binop subexpr }
-** where `binop' is any binary operator with a priority higher than `limit'
+** where 'binop' is any binary operator with a priority higher than 'limit'
 */
 static BinOpr subexpr (LexState *ls, expdesc *v, int limit) {
   BinOpr op;
@@ -1046,7 +1052,7 @@ static BinOpr subexpr (LexState *ls, expdesc *v, int limit) {
     luaK_prefix(ls->fs, uop, v, line);
   }
   else simpleexp(ls, v);
-  /* expand while operators have priorities higher than `limit' */
+  /* expand while operators have priorities higher than 'limit' */
   op = getbinopr(ls->t.token);
   while (op != OPR_NOBINOPR && priority[op].left > limit) {
     expdesc v2;
@@ -1146,7 +1152,7 @@ static void assignment (LexState *ls, struct LHS_assign *lh, int nvars) {
                     "C levels");
     assignment(ls, &nv, nvars+1);
   }
-  else {  /* assignment -> `=' explist */
+  else {  /* assignment -> '=' explist */
     int nexps;
     checknext(ls, '=');
     nexps = explist(ls, &e);
@@ -1170,7 +1176,7 @@ static int cond (LexState *ls) {
   /* cond -> exp */
   expdesc v;
   expr(ls, &v);  /* read condition */
-  if (v.k == VNIL) v.k = VFALSE;  /* `falses' are all equal here */
+  if (v.k == VNIL) v.k = VFALSE;  /* 'falses' are all equal here */
   luaK_goiftrue(ls->fs, &v);
   return v.f;
 }
@@ -1195,9 +1201,9 @@ static void gotostat (LexState *ls, int pc) {
 static void checkrepeated (FuncState *fs, Labellist *ll, TString *label) {
   int i;
   for (i = fs->bl->firstlabel; i < ll->n; i++) {
-    if (luaS_eqstr(label, ll->arr[i].name)) {
+    if (eqstr(label, ll->arr[i].name)) {
       const char *msg = luaO_pushfstring(fs->ls->L,
-                          "label " LUA_QS " already defined on line %d",
+                          "label '%s' already defined on line %d",
                           getstr(label), ll->arr[i].line);
       semerror(fs->ls, msg);
     }
@@ -1321,7 +1327,7 @@ static void fornum (LexState *ls, TString *varname, int line) {
   if (testnext(ls, ','))
     exp1(ls);  /* optional step */
   else {  /* default step = 1 */
-    luaK_codek(fs, fs->freereg, luaK_numberK(fs, 1));
+    luaK_codek(fs, fs->freereg, luaK_intK(fs, 1));
     luaK_reserveregs(fs, 1);
   }
   forbody(ls, base, line, 1, 1);
@@ -1359,15 +1365,15 @@ static void forstat (LexState *ls, int line) {
   TString *varname;
   BlockCnt bl;
   enterblock(fs, &bl, 1);  /* scope for loop and control variables */
-  luaX_next(ls);  /* skip `for' */
+  luaX_next(ls);  /* skip 'for' */
   varname = str_checkname(ls);  /* first variable name */
   switch (ls->t.token) {
     case '=': fornum(ls, varname, line); break;
     case ',': case TK_IN: forlist(ls, varname); break;
-    default: luaX_syntaxerror(ls, LUA_QL("=") " or " LUA_QL("in") " expected");
+    default: luaX_syntaxerror(ls, "'=' or 'in' expected");
   }
   check_match(ls, TK_END, TK_FOR, line);
-  leaveblock(fs);  /* loop scope (`break' jumps to this point) */
+  leaveblock(fs);  /* loop scope ('break' jumps to this point) */
 }
 
 
@@ -1397,7 +1403,7 @@ static void test_then_block (LexState *ls, int *escapelist) {
     enterblock(fs, &bl, 0);
     jf = v.f;
   }
-  statlist(ls);  /* `then' part */
+  statlist(ls);  /* 'then' part */
   leaveblock(fs);
   if (ls->t.token == TK_ELSE ||
       ls->t.token == TK_ELSEIF)  /* followed by 'else'/'elseif'? */
@@ -1414,7 +1420,7 @@ static void ifstat (LexState *ls, int line) {
   while (ls->t.token == TK_ELSEIF)
     test_then_block(ls, &escapelist);  /* ELSEIF cond THEN block */
   if (testnext(ls, TK_ELSE))
-    block(ls);  /* `else' part */
+    block(ls);  /* 'else' part */
   check_match(ls, TK_END, TK_IF, line);
   luaK_patchtohere(fs, escapelist);  /* patch escape list to 'if' end */
 }
@@ -1432,7 +1438,7 @@ static void localfunc (LexState *ls) {
 
 
 static void localstat (LexState *ls) {
-  /* stat -> LOCAL NAME {`,' NAME} [`=' explist] */
+  /* stat -> LOCAL NAME {',' NAME} ['=' explist] */
   int nvars = 0;
   int nexps;
   expdesc e;
@@ -1452,7 +1458,7 @@ static void localstat (LexState *ls) {
 
 
 static int funcname (LexState *ls, expdesc *v) {
-  /* funcname -> NAME {fieldsel} [`:' NAME] */
+  /* funcname -> NAME {fieldsel} [':' NAME] */
   int ismethod = 0;
   singlevar(ls, v);
   while (ls->t.token == '.')
@@ -1473,7 +1479,7 @@ static void funcstat (LexState *ls, int line) {
   ismethod = funcname(ls, &v);
   body(ls, &b, ismethod, line);
   luaK_storevar(ls->fs, &v, &b);
-  luaK_fixline(ls->fs, line);  /* definition `happens' in the first line */
+  luaK_fixline(ls->fs, line);  /* definition "happens" in the first line */
 }
 
 
@@ -1515,8 +1521,8 @@ static void retstat (LexState *ls) {
       if (nret == 1)  /* only one single value? */
         first = luaK_exp2anyreg(fs, &e);
       else {
-        luaK_exp2nextreg(fs, &e);  /* values must go to the `stack' */
-        first = fs->nactvar;  /* return all `active' values */
+        luaK_exp2nextreg(fs, &e);  /* values must go to the stack */
+        first = fs->nactvar;  /* return all active values */
         lua_assert(nret == fs->freereg - first);
       }
     }
@@ -1605,7 +1611,7 @@ static void mainfunc (LexState *ls, FuncState *fs) {
   BlockCnt bl;
   expdesc v;
   open_func(ls, fs, &bl);
-  fs->f->is_vararg = 1;  /* main function is always vararg */
+  fs->f->is_vararg = 2;  /* main function is always declared vararg */
   init_exp(&v, VLOCAL, 0);  /* create and... */
   newupvalue(fs, ls->envn, &v);  /* ...set environment upvalue */
   luaX_next(ls);  /* read first token */
@@ -1615,16 +1621,19 @@ static void mainfunc (LexState *ls, FuncState *fs) {
 }
 
 
-Closure *luaY_parser (lua_State *L, ZIO *z, Mbuffer *buff,
-                      Dyndata *dyd, const char *name, int firstchar) {
+LClosure *luaY_parser (lua_State *L, ZIO *z, Mbuffer *buff,
+                       Dyndata *dyd, const char *name, int firstchar) {
   LexState lexstate;
   FuncState funcstate;
-  Closure *cl = luaF_newLclosure(L, 1);  /* create main closure */
-  /* anchor closure (to avoid being collected) */
-  setclLvalue(L, L->top, cl);
-  incr_top(L);
-  funcstate.f = cl->l.p = luaF_newproto(L);
+  LClosure *cl = luaF_newLclosure(L, 1);  /* create main closure */
+  setclLvalue(L, L->top, cl);  /* anchor it (to avoid being collected) */
+  luaD_inctop(L);
+  lexstate.h = luaH_new(L);  /* create table for scanner */
+  sethvalue(L, L->top, lexstate.h);  /* anchor it */
+  luaD_inctop(L);
+  funcstate.f = cl->p = luaF_newproto(L);
   funcstate.f->source = luaS_new(L, name);  /* create and anchor TString */
+  lua_assert(iswhite(funcstate.f));  /* do not need barrier here */
   lexstate.buff = buff;
   lexstate.dyd = dyd;
   dyd->actvar.n = dyd->gt.n = dyd->label.n = 0;
@@ -1633,6 +1642,7 @@ Closure *luaY_parser (lua_State *L, ZIO *z, Mbuffer *buff,
   lua_assert(!funcstate.prev && funcstate.nups == 1 && !lexstate.fs);
   /* all scopes should be correctly finished */
   lua_assert(dyd->actvar.n == 0 && dyd->gt.n == 0 && dyd->label.n == 0);
-  return cl;  /* it's on the stack too */
+  L->top--;  /* remove scanner's table */
+  return cl;  /* closure is on the stack, too */
 }
 
diff --git a/lua/lparser.h b/lua/lparser.h
index 0346e3c..62c50ca 100644
--- a/lua/lparser.h
+++ b/lua/lparser.h
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
-** $Id: lparser.h,v 1.70.1.1 2013/04/12 18:48:47 roberto Exp $
+** $Id: lparser.h,v 1.74 2014/10/25 11:50:46 roberto Exp $
 ** Lua Parser
 ** See Copyright Notice in lua.h
 */
@@ -21,8 +21,9 @@ typedef enum {
   VNIL,
   VTRUE,
   VFALSE,
-  VK,		/* info = index of constant in `k' */
-  VKNUM,	/* nval = numerical value */
+  VK,		/* info = index of constant in 'k' */
+  VKFLT,	/* nval = numerical float value */
+  VKINT,	/* nval = numerical integer value */
   VNONRELOC,	/* info = result register */
   VLOCAL,	/* info = local register */
   VUPVAL,       /* info = index of upvalue in 'upvalues' */
@@ -46,10 +47,11 @@ typedef struct expdesc {
       lu_byte vt;  /* whether 't' is register (VLOCAL) or upvalue (VUPVAL) */
     } ind;
     int info;  /* for generic use */
-    lua_Number nval;  /* for VKNUM */
+    lua_Number nval;  /* for VKFLT */
+    lua_Integer ival;    /* for VKINT */
   } u;
-  int t;  /* patch list of `exit when true' */
-  int f;  /* patch list of `exit when false' */
+  int t;  /* patch list of 'exit when true' */
+  int f;  /* patch list of 'exit when false' */
 } expdesc;
 
 
@@ -95,15 +97,14 @@ struct BlockCnt;  /* defined in lparser.c */
 /* state needed to generate code for a given function */
 typedef struct FuncState {
   Proto *f;  /* current function header */
-  Table *h;  /* table to find (and reuse) elements in `k' */
   struct FuncState *prev;  /* enclosing function */
   struct LexState *ls;  /* lexical state */
   struct BlockCnt *bl;  /* chain of current blocks */
-  int pc;  /* next position to code (equivalent to `ncode') */
+  int pc;  /* next position to code (equivalent to 'ncode') */
   int lasttarget;   /* 'label' of last 'jump label' */
-  int jpc;  /* list of pending jumps to `pc' */
-  int nk;  /* number of elements in `k' */
-  int np;  /* number of elements in `p' */
+  int jpc;  /* list of pending jumps to 'pc' */
+  int nk;  /* number of elements in 'k' */
+  int np;  /* number of elements in 'p' */
   int firstlocal;  /* index of first local var (in Dyndata array) */
   short nlocvars;  /* number of elements in 'f->locvars' */
   lu_byte nactvar;  /* number of active local variables */
@@ -112,8 +113,8 @@ typedef struct FuncState {
 } FuncState;
 
 
-LUAI_FUNC Closure *luaY_parser (lua_State *L, ZIO *z, Mbuffer *buff,
-                                Dyndata *dyd, const char *name, int firstchar);
+LUAI_FUNC LClosure *luaY_parser (lua_State *L, ZIO *z, Mbuffer *buff,
+                                 Dyndata *dyd, const char *name, int firstchar);
 
 
 #endif
diff --git a/lua/lprefix.h b/lua/lprefix.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..02daa83
--- /dev/null
+++ b/lua/lprefix.h
@@ -0,0 +1,45 @@
+/*
+** $Id: lprefix.h,v 1.2 2014/12/29 16:54:13 roberto Exp $
+** Definitions for Lua code that must come before any other header file
+** See Copyright Notice in lua.h
+*/
+
+#ifndef lprefix_h
+#define lprefix_h
+
+
+/*
+** Allows POSIX/XSI stuff
+*/
+#if !defined(LUA_USE_C89)	/* { */
+
+#if !defined(_XOPEN_SOURCE)
+#define _XOPEN_SOURCE           600
+#elif _XOPEN_SOURCE == 0
+#undef _XOPEN_SOURCE  /* use -D_XOPEN_SOURCE=0 to undefine it */
+#endif
+
+/*
+** Allows manipulation of large files in gcc and some other compilers
+*/
+#if !defined(LUA_32BITS) && !defined(_FILE_OFFSET_BITS)
+#define _LARGEFILE_SOURCE       1
+#define _FILE_OFFSET_BITS       64
+#endif
+
+#endif				/* } */
+
+
+/*
+** Windows stuff
+*/
+#if defined(_WIN32) 	/* { */
+
+#if !defined(_CRT_SECURE_NO_WARNINGS)
+#define _CRT_SECURE_NO_WARNINGS  /* avoid warnings about ISO C functions */
+#endif
+
+#endif			/* } */
+
+#endif
+
diff --git a/lua/lstate.c b/lua/lstate.c
index c7f2672..9194ac3 100644
--- a/lua/lstate.c
+++ b/lua/lstate.c
@@ -1,16 +1,18 @@
 /*
-** $Id: lstate.c,v 2.99.1.2 2013/11/08 17:45:31 roberto Exp $
+** $Id: lstate.c,v 2.133 2015/11/13 12:16:51 roberto Exp $
 ** Global State
 ** See Copyright Notice in lua.h
 */
 
+#define lstate_c
+#define LUA_CORE
+
+#include "lprefix.h"
+
 
 #include <stddef.h>
 #include <string.h>
 
-#define lstate_c
-#define LUA_CORE
-
 #include "lua.h"
 
 #include "lapi.h"
@@ -30,18 +32,11 @@
 #define LUAI_GCPAUSE	200  /* 200% */
 #endif
 
-#if !defined(LUAI_GCMAJOR)
-#define LUAI_GCMAJOR	200  /* 200% */
-#endif
-
 #if !defined(LUAI_GCMUL)
 #define LUAI_GCMUL	200 /* GC runs 'twice the speed' of memory allocation */
 #endif
 
 
-#define MEMERRMSG	"not enough memory"
-
-
 /*
 ** a macro to help the creation of a unique random seed when a state is
 ** created; the seed is used to randomize hashes.
@@ -57,9 +52,7 @@
 ** thread state + extra space
 */
 typedef struct LX {
-#if defined(LUAI_EXTRASPACE)
-  char buff[LUAI_EXTRASPACE];
-#endif
+  lu_byte extra_[LUA_EXTRASPACE];
   lua_State l;
 } LX;
 
@@ -78,13 +71,12 @@ typedef struct LG {
 
 
 /*
-** Compute an initial seed as random as possible. In ANSI, rely on
-** Address Space Layout Randomization (if present) to increase
-** randomness..
+** Compute an initial seed as random as possible. Rely on Address Space
+** Layout Randomization (if present) to increase randomness..
 */
 #define addbuff(b,p,e) \
   { size_t t = cast(size_t, e); \
-    memcpy(buff + p, &t, sizeof(t)); p += sizeof(t); }
+    memcpy(b + p, &t, sizeof(t)); p += sizeof(t); }
 
 static unsigned int makeseed (lua_State *L) {
   char buff[4 * sizeof(size_t)];
@@ -101,10 +93,14 @@ static unsigned int makeseed (lua_State *L) {
 
 /*
 ** set GCdebt to a new value keeping the value (totalbytes + GCdebt)
-** invariant
+** invariant (and avoiding underflows in 'totalbytes')
 */
 void luaE_setdebt (global_State *g, l_mem debt) {
-  g->totalbytes -= (debt - g->GCdebt);
+  l_mem tb = gettotalbytes(g);
+  lua_assert(tb > 0);
+  if (debt < tb - MAX_LMEM)
+    debt = tb - MAX_LMEM;  /* will make 'totalbytes == MAX_LMEM' */
+  g->totalbytes = tb - debt;
   g->GCdebt = debt;
 }
 
@@ -115,10 +111,14 @@ CallInfo *luaE_extendCI (lua_State *L) {
   L->ci->next = ci;
   ci->previous = L->ci;
   ci->next = NULL;
+  L->nci++;
   return ci;
 }
 
 
+/*
+** free all CallInfo structures not in use by a thread
+*/
 void luaE_freeCI (lua_State *L) {
   CallInfo *ci = L->ci;
   CallInfo *next = ci->next;
@@ -126,6 +126,24 @@ void luaE_freeCI (lua_State *L) {
   while ((ci = next) != NULL) {
     next = ci->next;
     luaM_free(L, ci);
+    L->nci--;
+  }
+}
+
+
+/*
+** free half of the CallInfo structures not in use by a thread
+*/
+void luaE_shrinkCI (lua_State *L) {
+  CallInfo *ci = L->ci;
+  CallInfo *next2;  /* next's next */
+  /* while there are two nexts */
+  while (ci->next != NULL && (next2 = ci->next->next) != NULL) {
+    luaM_free(L, ci->next);  /* free next */
+    L->nci--;
+    ci->next = next2;  /* remove 'next' from the list */
+    next2->previous = ci;
+    ci = next2;  /* keep next's next */
   }
 }
 
@@ -155,6 +173,7 @@ static void freestack (lua_State *L) {
     return;  /* stack not completely built yet */
   L->ci = &L->base_ci;  /* free the entire 'ci' list */
   luaE_freeCI(L);
+  lua_assert(L->nci == 0);
   luaM_freearray(L, L->stack, L->stacksize);  /* free stack array */
 }
 
@@ -163,34 +182,32 @@ static void freestack (lua_State *L) {
 ** Create registry table and its predefined values
 */
 static void init_registry (lua_State *L, global_State *g) {
-  TValue mt;
+  TValue temp;
   /* create registry */
   Table *registry = luaH_new(L);
   sethvalue(L, &g->l_registry, registry);
   luaH_resize(L, registry, LUA_RIDX_LAST, 0);
   /* registry[LUA_RIDX_MAINTHREAD] = L */
-  setthvalue(L, &mt, L);
-  luaH_setint(L, registry, LUA_RIDX_MAINTHREAD, &mt);
+  setthvalue(L, &temp, L);  /* temp = L */
+  luaH_setint(L, registry, LUA_RIDX_MAINTHREAD, &temp);
   /* registry[LUA_RIDX_GLOBALS] = table of globals */
-  sethvalue(L, &mt, luaH_new(L));
-  luaH_setint(L, registry, LUA_RIDX_GLOBALS, &mt);
+  sethvalue(L, &temp, luaH_new(L));  /* temp = new table (global table) */
+  luaH_setint(L, registry, LUA_RIDX_GLOBALS, &temp);
 }
 
 
 /*
-** open parts of the state that may cause memory-allocation errors
+** open parts of the state that may cause memory-allocation errors.
+** ('g->version' != NULL flags that the state was completely build)
 */
 static void f_luaopen (lua_State *L, void *ud) {
   global_State *g = G(L);
   UNUSED(ud);
   stack_init(L, L);  /* init stack */
   init_registry(L, g);
-  luaS_resize(L, MINSTRTABSIZE);  /* initial size of string table */
+  luaS_init(L);
   luaT_init(L);
   luaX_init(L);
-  /* pre-create memory-error message */
-  g->memerrmsg = luaS_newliteral(L, MEMERRMSG);
-  luaS_fix(g->memerrmsg);  /* it should never be collected */
   g->gcrunning = 1;  /* allow gc */
   g->version = lua_version(NULL);
   luai_userstateopen(L);
@@ -198,14 +215,16 @@ static void f_luaopen (lua_State *L, void *ud) {
 
 
 /*
-** preinitialize a state with consistent values without allocating
+** preinitialize a thread with consistent values without allocating
 ** any memory (to avoid errors)
 */
-static void preinit_state (lua_State *L, global_State *g) {
+static void preinit_thread (lua_State *L, global_State *g) {
   G(L) = g;
   L->stack = NULL;
   L->ci = NULL;
+  L->nci = 0;
   L->stacksize = 0;
+  L->twups = L;  /* thread has no upvalues */
   L->errorJmp = NULL;
   L->nCcalls = 0;
   L->hook = NULL;
@@ -227,7 +246,6 @@ static void close_state (lua_State *L) {
   if (g->version)  /* closing a fully built state? */
     luai_userstateclose(L);
   luaM_freearray(L, G(L)->strt.hash, G(L)->strt.size);
-  luaZ_freebuffer(L, &g->buff);
   freestack(L);
   lua_assert(gettotalbytes(g) == sizeof(LG));
   (*g->frealloc)(g->ud, fromstate(L), sizeof(LG), 0);  /* free main block */
@@ -235,17 +253,28 @@ static void close_state (lua_State *L) {
 
 
 LUA_API lua_State *lua_newthread (lua_State *L) {
+  global_State *g = G(L);
   lua_State *L1;
   lua_lock(L);
   luaC_checkGC(L);
-  L1 = &luaC_newobj(L, LUA_TTHREAD, sizeof(LX), NULL, offsetof(LX, l))->th;
+  /* create new thread */
+  L1 = &cast(LX *, luaM_newobject(L, LUA_TTHREAD, sizeof(LX)))->l;
+  L1->marked = luaC_white(g);
+  L1->tt = LUA_TTHREAD;
+  /* link it on list 'allgc' */
+  L1->next = g->allgc;
+  g->allgc = obj2gco(L1);
+  /* anchor it on L stack */
   setthvalue(L, L->top, L1);
   api_incr_top(L);
-  preinit_state(L1, G(L));
+  preinit_thread(L1, g);
   L1->hookmask = L->hookmask;
   L1->basehookcount = L->basehookcount;
   L1->hook = L->hook;
   resethookcount(L1);
+  /* initialize L1 extra space */
+  memcpy(lua_getextraspace(L1), lua_getextraspace(g->mainthread),
+         LUA_EXTRASPACE);
   luai_userstatethread(L, L1);
   stack_init(L1, L);  /* init stack */
   lua_unlock(L);
@@ -273,36 +302,31 @@ LUA_API lua_State *lua_newstate (lua_Alloc f, void *ud) {
   g = &l->g;
   L->next = NULL;
   L->tt = LUA_TTHREAD;
-  g->currentwhite = bit2mask(WHITE0BIT, FIXEDBIT);
+  g->currentwhite = bitmask(WHITE0BIT);
   L->marked = luaC_white(g);
-  g->gckind = KGC_NORMAL;
-  preinit_state(L, g);
+  preinit_thread(L, g);
   g->frealloc = f;
   g->ud = ud;
   g->mainthread = L;
   g->seed = makeseed(L);
-  g->uvhead.u.l.prev = &g->uvhead;
-  g->uvhead.u.l.next = &g->uvhead;
   g->gcrunning = 0;  /* no GC while building state */
   g->GCestimate = 0;
-  g->strt.size = 0;
-  g->strt.nuse = 0;
+  g->strt.size = g->strt.nuse = 0;
   g->strt.hash = NULL;
   setnilvalue(&g->l_registry);
-  luaZ_initbuffer(L, &g->buff);
   g->panic = NULL;
   g->version = NULL;
   g->gcstate = GCSpause;
-  g->allgc = NULL;
-  g->finobj = NULL;
-  g->tobefnz = NULL;
-  g->sweepgc = g->sweepfin = NULL;
+  g->gckind = KGC_NORMAL;
+  g->allgc = g->finobj = g->tobefnz = g->fixedgc = NULL;
+  g->sweepgc = NULL;
   g->gray = g->grayagain = NULL;
   g->weak = g->ephemeron = g->allweak = NULL;
+  g->twups = NULL;
   g->totalbytes = sizeof(LG);
   g->GCdebt = 0;
+  g->gcfinnum = 0;
   g->gcpause = LUAI_GCPAUSE;
-  g->gcmajorinc = LUAI_GCMAJOR;
   g->gcstepmul = LUAI_GCMUL;
   for (i=0; i < LUA_NUMTAGS; i++) g->mt[i] = NULL;
   if (luaD_rawrunprotected(L, f_luaopen, NULL) != LUA_OK) {
diff --git a/lua/lstate.h b/lua/lstate.h
index daffd9a..65c914d 100644
--- a/lua/lstate.h
+++ b/lua/lstate.h
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
-** $Id: lstate.h,v 2.82.1.1 2013/04/12 18:48:47 roberto Exp $
+** $Id: lstate.h,v 2.128 2015/11/13 12:16:51 roberto Exp $
 ** Global State
 ** See Copyright Notice in lua.h
 */
@@ -16,25 +16,16 @@
 
 /*
 
-** Some notes about garbage-collected objects:  All objects in Lua must
-** be kept somehow accessible until being freed.
+** Some notes about garbage-collected objects: All objects in Lua must
+** be kept somehow accessible until being freed, so all objects always
+** belong to one (and only one) of these lists, using field 'next' of
+** the 'CommonHeader' for the link:
 **
-** Lua keeps most objects linked in list g->allgc. The link uses field
-** 'next' of the CommonHeader.
-**
-** Strings are kept in several lists headed by the array g->strt.hash.
-**
-** Open upvalues are not subject to independent garbage collection. They
-** are collected together with their respective threads. Lua keeps a
-** double-linked list with all open upvalues (g->uvhead) so that it can
-** mark objects referred by them. (They are always gray, so they must
-** be remarked in the atomic step. Usually their contents would be marked
-** when traversing the respective threads, but the thread may already be
-** dead, while the upvalue is still accessible through closures.)
-**
-** Objects with finalizers are kept in the list g->finobj.
-**
-** The list g->tobefnz links all objects being finalized.
+** 'allgc': all objects not marked for finalization;
+** 'finobj': all objects marked for finalization;
+** 'tobefnz': all objects ready to be finalized; 
+** 'fixedgc': all objects that are not to be collected (currently
+** only small strings, such as reserved words).
 
 */
 
@@ -53,66 +44,72 @@ struct lua_longjmp;  /* defined in ldo.c */
 /* kinds of Garbage Collection */
 #define KGC_NORMAL	0
 #define KGC_EMERGENCY	1	/* gc was forced by an allocation failure */
-#define KGC_GEN		2	/* generational collection */
 
 
 typedef struct stringtable {
-  GCObject **hash;
-  lu_int32 nuse;  /* number of elements */
+  TString **hash;
+  int nuse;  /* number of elements */
   int size;
 } stringtable;
 
 
 /*
-** information about a call
+** Information about a call.
+** When a thread yields, 'func' is adjusted to pretend that the
+** top function has only the yielded values in its stack; in that
+** case, the actual 'func' value is saved in field 'extra'. 
+** When a function calls another with a continuation, 'extra' keeps
+** the function index so that, in case of errors, the continuation
+** function can be called with the correct top.
 */
 typedef struct CallInfo {
   StkId func;  /* function index in the stack */
   StkId	top;  /* top for this function */
   struct CallInfo *previous, *next;  /* dynamic call link */
-  short nresults;  /* expected number of results from this function */
-  lu_byte callstatus;
-  ptrdiff_t extra;
   union {
     struct {  /* only for Lua functions */
       StkId base;  /* base for this function */
       const Instruction *savedpc;
     } l;
     struct {  /* only for C functions */
-      int ctx;  /* context info. in case of yields */
-      lua_CFunction k;  /* continuation in case of yields */
+      lua_KFunction k;  /* continuation in case of yields */
       ptrdiff_t old_errfunc;
-      lu_byte old_allowhook;
-      lu_byte status;
+      lua_KContext ctx;  /* context info. in case of yields */
     } c;
   } u;
+  ptrdiff_t extra;
+  short nresults;  /* expected number of results from this function */
+  lu_byte callstatus;
 } CallInfo;
 
 
 /*
 ** Bits in CallInfo status
 */
-#define CIST_LUA	(1<<0)	/* call is running a Lua function */
-#define CIST_HOOKED	(1<<1)	/* call is running a debug hook */
-#define CIST_REENTRY	(1<<2)	/* call is running on same invocation of
-                                   luaV_execute of previous call */
-#define CIST_YIELDED	(1<<3)	/* call reentered after suspension */
+#define CIST_OAH	(1<<0)	/* original value of 'allowhook' */
+#define CIST_LUA	(1<<1)	/* call is running a Lua function */
+#define CIST_HOOKED	(1<<2)	/* call is running a debug hook */
+#define CIST_FRESH	(1<<3)	/* call is running on a fresh invocation
+                                   of luaV_execute */
 #define CIST_YPCALL	(1<<4)	/* call is a yieldable protected call */
-#define CIST_STAT	(1<<5)	/* call has an error status (pcall) */
-#define CIST_TAIL	(1<<6)	/* call was tail called */
-#define CIST_HOOKYIELD	(1<<7)	/* last hook called yielded */
-
+#define CIST_TAIL	(1<<5)	/* call was tail called */
+#define CIST_HOOKYIELD	(1<<6)	/* last hook called yielded */
+#define CIST_LEQ	(1<<7)  /* using __lt for __le */
 
 #define isLua(ci)	((ci)->callstatus & CIST_LUA)
 
+/* assume that CIST_OAH has offset 0 and that 'v' is strictly 0/1 */
+#define setoah(st,v)	((st) = ((st) & ~CIST_OAH) | (v))
+#define getoah(st)	((st) & CIST_OAH)
+
 
 /*
-** `global state', shared by all threads of this state
+** 'global state', shared by all threads of this state
 */
 typedef struct global_State {
   lua_Alloc frealloc;  /* function to reallocate memory */
-  void *ud;         /* auxiliary data to `frealloc' */
-  lu_mem totalbytes;  /* number of bytes currently allocated - GCdebt */
+  void *ud;         /* auxiliary data to 'frealloc' */
+  l_mem totalbytes;  /* number of bytes currently allocated - GCdebt */
   l_mem GCdebt;  /* bytes allocated not yet compensated by the collector */
   lu_mem GCmemtrav;  /* memory traversed by the GC */
   lu_mem GCestimate;  /* an estimate of the non-garbage memory in use */
@@ -123,36 +120,36 @@ typedef struct global_State {
   lu_byte gcstate;  /* state of garbage collector */
   lu_byte gckind;  /* kind of GC running */
   lu_byte gcrunning;  /* true if GC is running */
-  int sweepstrgc;  /* position of sweep in `strt' */
   GCObject *allgc;  /* list of all collectable objects */
+  GCObject **sweepgc;  /* current position of sweep in list */
   GCObject *finobj;  /* list of collectable objects with finalizers */
-  GCObject **sweepgc;  /* current position of sweep in list 'allgc' */
-  GCObject **sweepfin;  /* current position of sweep in list 'finobj' */
   GCObject *gray;  /* list of gray objects */
   GCObject *grayagain;  /* list of objects to be traversed atomically */
   GCObject *weak;  /* list of tables with weak values */
   GCObject *ephemeron;  /* list of ephemeron tables (weak keys) */
   GCObject *allweak;  /* list of all-weak tables */
   GCObject *tobefnz;  /* list of userdata to be GC */
-  UpVal uvhead;  /* head of double-linked list of all open upvalues */
-  Mbuffer buff;  /* temporary buffer for string concatenation */
+  GCObject *fixedgc;  /* list of objects not to be collected */
+  struct lua_State *twups;  /* list of threads with open upvalues */
+  unsigned int gcfinnum;  /* number of finalizers to call in each GC step */
   int gcpause;  /* size of pause between successive GCs */
-  int gcmajorinc;  /* pause between major collections (only in gen. mode) */
-  int gcstepmul;  /* GC `granularity' */
+  int gcstepmul;  /* GC 'granularity' */
   lua_CFunction panic;  /* to be called in unprotected errors */
   struct lua_State *mainthread;
   const lua_Number *version;  /* pointer to version number */
   TString *memerrmsg;  /* memory-error message */
   TString *tmname[TM_N];  /* array with tag-method names */
   struct Table *mt[LUA_NUMTAGS];  /* metatables for basic types */
+  TString *strcache[STRCACHE_N][STRCACHE_M];  /* cache for strings in API */
 } global_State;
 
 
 /*
-** `per thread' state
+** 'per thread' state
 */
 struct lua_State {
   CommonHeader;
+  unsigned short nci;  /* number of items in 'ci' list */
   lu_byte status;
   StkId top;  /* first free slot in the stack */
   global_State *l_G;
@@ -160,19 +157,20 @@ struct lua_State {
   const Instruction *oldpc;  /* last pc traced */
   StkId stack_last;  /* last free slot in the stack */
   StkId stack;  /* stack base */
+  UpVal *openupval;  /* list of open upvalues in this stack */
+  GCObject *gclist;
+  struct lua_State *twups;  /* list of threads with open upvalues */
+  struct lua_longjmp *errorJmp;  /* current error recover point */
+  CallInfo base_ci;  /* CallInfo for first level (C calling Lua) */
+  lua_Hook hook;
+  ptrdiff_t errfunc;  /* current error handling function (stack index) */
   int stacksize;
+  int basehookcount;
+  int hookcount;
   unsigned short nny;  /* number of non-yieldable calls in stack */
   unsigned short nCcalls;  /* number of nested C calls */
   lu_byte hookmask;
   lu_byte allowhook;
-  int basehookcount;
-  int hookcount;
-  lua_Hook hook;
-  GCObject *openupval;  /* list of open upvalues in this stack */
-  GCObject *gclist;
-  struct lua_longjmp *errorJmp;  /* current error recover point */
-  ptrdiff_t errfunc;  /* current error handling function (stack index) */
-  CallInfo base_ci;  /* CallInfo for first level (C calling Lua) */
 };
 
 
@@ -180,48 +178,47 @@ struct lua_State {
 
 
 /*
-** Union of all collectable objects
+** Union of all collectable objects (only for conversions)
 */
-union GCObject {
-  GCheader gch;  /* common header */
-  union TString ts;
-  union Udata u;
+union GCUnion {
+  GCObject gc;  /* common header */
+  struct TString ts;
+  struct Udata u;
   union Closure cl;
   struct Table h;
   struct Proto p;
-  struct UpVal uv;
   struct lua_State th;  /* thread */
 };
 
 
-#define gch(o)		(&(o)->gch)
+#define cast_u(o)	cast(union GCUnion *, (o))
 
 /* macros to convert a GCObject into a specific value */
-#define rawgco2ts(o)  \
-	check_exp(novariant((o)->gch.tt) == LUA_TSTRING, &((o)->ts))
-#define gco2ts(o)	(&rawgco2ts(o)->tsv)
-#define rawgco2u(o)	check_exp((o)->gch.tt == LUA_TUSERDATA, &((o)->u))
-#define gco2u(o)	(&rawgco2u(o)->uv)
-#define gco2lcl(o)	check_exp((o)->gch.tt == LUA_TLCL, &((o)->cl.l))
-#define gco2ccl(o)	check_exp((o)->gch.tt == LUA_TCCL, &((o)->cl.c))
+#define gco2ts(o)  \
+	check_exp(novariant((o)->tt) == LUA_TSTRING, &((cast_u(o))->ts))
+#define gco2u(o)  check_exp((o)->tt == LUA_TUSERDATA, &((cast_u(o))->u))
+#define gco2lcl(o)  check_exp((o)->tt == LUA_TLCL, &((cast_u(o))->cl.l))
+#define gco2ccl(o)  check_exp((o)->tt == LUA_TCCL, &((cast_u(o))->cl.c))
 #define gco2cl(o)  \
-	check_exp(novariant((o)->gch.tt) == LUA_TFUNCTION, &((o)->cl))
-#define gco2t(o)	check_exp((o)->gch.tt == LUA_TTABLE, &((o)->h))
-#define gco2p(o)	check_exp((o)->gch.tt == LUA_TPROTO, &((o)->p))
-#define gco2uv(o)	check_exp((o)->gch.tt == LUA_TUPVAL, &((o)->uv))
-#define gco2th(o)	check_exp((o)->gch.tt == LUA_TTHREAD, &((o)->th))
+	check_exp(novariant((o)->tt) == LUA_TFUNCTION, &((cast_u(o))->cl))
+#define gco2t(o)  check_exp((o)->tt == LUA_TTABLE, &((cast_u(o))->h))
+#define gco2p(o)  check_exp((o)->tt == LUA_TPROTO, &((cast_u(o))->p))
+#define gco2th(o)  check_exp((o)->tt == LUA_TTHREAD, &((cast_u(o))->th))
+
 
-/* macro to convert any Lua object into a GCObject */
-#define obj2gco(v)	(cast(GCObject *, (v)))
+/* macro to convert a Lua object into a GCObject */
+#define obj2gco(v) \
+	check_exp(novariant((v)->tt) < LUA_TDEADKEY, (&(cast_u(v)->gc)))
 
 
 /* actual number of total bytes allocated */
-#define gettotalbytes(g)	((g)->totalbytes + (g)->GCdebt)
+#define gettotalbytes(g)	cast(lu_mem, (g)->totalbytes + (g)->GCdebt)
 
 LUAI_FUNC void luaE_setdebt (global_State *g, l_mem debt);
 LUAI_FUNC void luaE_freethread (lua_State *L, lua_State *L1);
 LUAI_FUNC CallInfo *luaE_extendCI (lua_State *L);
 LUAI_FUNC void luaE_freeCI (lua_State *L);
+LUAI_FUNC void luaE_shrinkCI (lua_State *L);
 
 
 #endif
diff --git a/lua/lstring.c b/lua/lstring.c
index af96c89..9351766 100644
--- a/lua/lstring.c
+++ b/lua/lstring.c
@@ -1,23 +1,30 @@
 /*
-** $Id: lstring.c,v 2.26.1.1 2013/04/12 18:48:47 roberto Exp $
+** $Id: lstring.c,v 2.56 2015/11/23 11:32:51 roberto Exp $
 ** String table (keeps all strings handled by Lua)
 ** See Copyright Notice in lua.h
 */
 
-
-#include <string.h>
-
 #define lstring_c
 #define LUA_CORE
 
+#include "lprefix.h"
+
+
+#include <string.h>
+
 #include "lua.h"
 
+#include "ldebug.h"
+#include "ldo.h"
 #include "lmem.h"
 #include "lobject.h"
 #include "lstate.h"
 #include "lstring.h"
 
 
+#define MEMERRMSG       "not enough memory"
+
+
 /*
 ** Lua will use at most ~(2^LUAI_HASHLIMIT) bytes from a string to
 ** compute its hash
@@ -31,99 +38,126 @@
 ** equality for long strings
 */
 int luaS_eqlngstr (TString *a, TString *b) {
-  size_t len = a->tsv.len;
-  lua_assert(a->tsv.tt == LUA_TLNGSTR && b->tsv.tt == LUA_TLNGSTR);
+  size_t len = a->u.lnglen;
+  lua_assert(a->tt == LUA_TLNGSTR && b->tt == LUA_TLNGSTR);
   return (a == b) ||  /* same instance or... */
-    ((len == b->tsv.len) &&  /* equal length and ... */
+    ((len == b->u.lnglen) &&  /* equal length and ... */
      (memcmp(getstr(a), getstr(b), len) == 0));  /* equal contents */
 }
 
 
-/*
-** equality for strings
-*/
-int luaS_eqstr (TString *a, TString *b) {
-  return (a->tsv.tt == b->tsv.tt) &&
-         (a->tsv.tt == LUA_TSHRSTR ? eqshrstr(a, b) : luaS_eqlngstr(a, b));
-}
-
-
 unsigned int luaS_hash (const char *str, size_t l, unsigned int seed) {
   unsigned int h = seed ^ cast(unsigned int, l);
-  size_t l1;
   size_t step = (l >> LUAI_HASHLIMIT) + 1;
-  for (l1 = l; l1 >= step; l1 -= step)
-    h = h ^ ((h<<5) + (h>>2) + cast_byte(str[l1 - 1]));
+  for (; l >= step; l -= step)
+    h ^= ((h<<5) + (h>>2) + cast_byte(str[l - 1]));
   return h;
 }
 
 
+unsigned int luaS_hashlongstr (TString *ts) {
+  lua_assert(ts->tt == LUA_TLNGSTR);
+  if (ts->extra == 0) {  /* no hash? */
+    ts->hash = luaS_hash(getstr(ts), ts->u.lnglen, ts->hash);
+    ts->extra = 1;  /* now it has its hash */
+  }
+  return ts->hash;
+}
+
+
 /*
 ** resizes the string table
 */
 void luaS_resize (lua_State *L, int newsize) {
   int i;
   stringtable *tb = &G(L)->strt;
-  /* cannot resize while GC is traversing strings */
-  luaC_runtilstate(L, ~bitmask(GCSsweepstring));
-  if (newsize > tb->size) {
-    luaM_reallocvector(L, tb->hash, tb->size, newsize, GCObject *);
-    for (i = tb->size; i < newsize; i++) tb->hash[i] = NULL;
+  if (newsize > tb->size) {  /* grow table if needed */
+    luaM_reallocvector(L, tb->hash, tb->size, newsize, TString *);
+    for (i = tb->size; i < newsize; i++)
+      tb->hash[i] = NULL;
   }
-  /* rehash */
-  for (i=0; i<tb->size; i++) {
-    GCObject *p = tb->hash[i];
+  for (i = 0; i < tb->size; i++) {  /* rehash */
+    TString *p = tb->hash[i];
     tb->hash[i] = NULL;
     while (p) {  /* for each node in the list */
-      GCObject *next = gch(p)->next;  /* save next */
-      unsigned int h = lmod(gco2ts(p)->hash, newsize);  /* new position */
-      gch(p)->next = tb->hash[h];  /* chain it */
+      TString *hnext = p->u.hnext;  /* save next */
+      unsigned int h = lmod(p->hash, newsize);  /* new position */
+      p->u.hnext = tb->hash[h];  /* chain it */
       tb->hash[h] = p;
-      resetoldbit(p);  /* see MOVE OLD rule */
-      p = next;
+      p = hnext;
     }
   }
-  if (newsize < tb->size) {
-    /* shrinking slice must be empty */
+  if (newsize < tb->size) {  /* shrink table if needed */
+    /* vanishing slice should be empty */
     lua_assert(tb->hash[newsize] == NULL && tb->hash[tb->size - 1] == NULL);
-    luaM_reallocvector(L, tb->hash, tb->size, newsize, GCObject *);
+    luaM_reallocvector(L, tb->hash, tb->size, newsize, TString *);
   }
   tb->size = newsize;
 }
 
 
 /*
+** Clear API string cache. (Entries cannot be empty, so fill them with
+** a non-collectable string.)
+*/
+void luaS_clearcache (global_State *g) {
+  int i, j;
+  for (i = 0; i < STRCACHE_N; i++)
+    for (j = 0; j < STRCACHE_M; j++) {
+    if (iswhite(g->strcache[i][j]))  /* will entry be collected? */
+      g->strcache[i][j] = g->memerrmsg;  /* replace it with something fixed */
+    }
+}
+
+
+/*
+** Initialize the string table and the string cache
+*/
+void luaS_init (lua_State *L) {
+  global_State *g = G(L);
+  int i, j;
+  luaS_resize(L, MINSTRTABSIZE);  /* initial size of string table */
+  /* pre-create memory-error message */
+  g->memerrmsg = luaS_newliteral(L, MEMERRMSG);
+  luaC_fix(L, obj2gco(g->memerrmsg));  /* it should never be collected */
+  for (i = 0; i < STRCACHE_N; i++)  /* fill cache with valid strings */
+    for (j = 0; j < STRCACHE_M; j++)
+      g->strcache[i][j] = g->memerrmsg;
+}
+
+
+
+/*
 ** creates a new string object
 */
-static TString *createstrobj (lua_State *L, const char *str, size_t l,
-                              int tag, unsigned int h, GCObject **list) {
+static TString *createstrobj (lua_State *L, size_t l, int tag, unsigned int h) {
   TString *ts;
+  GCObject *o;
   size_t totalsize;  /* total size of TString object */
-  totalsize = sizeof(TString) + ((l + 1) * sizeof(char));
-  ts = &luaC_newobj(L, tag, totalsize, list, 0)->ts;
-  ts->tsv.len = l;
-  ts->tsv.hash = h;
-  ts->tsv.extra = 0;
-  memcpy(ts+1, str, l*sizeof(char));
-  ((char *)(ts+1))[l] = '\0';  /* ending 0 */
+  totalsize = sizelstring(l);
+  o = luaC_newobj(L, tag, totalsize);
+  ts = gco2ts(o);
+  ts->hash = h;
+  ts->extra = 0;
+  getstr(ts)[l] = '\0';  /* ending 0 */
   return ts;
 }
 
 
-/*
-** creates a new short string, inserting it into string table
-*/
-static TString *newshrstr (lua_State *L, const char *str, size_t l,
-                                       unsigned int h) {
-  GCObject **list;  /* (pointer to) list where it will be inserted */
+TString *luaS_createlngstrobj (lua_State *L, size_t l) {
+  TString *ts = createstrobj(L, l, LUA_TLNGSTR, G(L)->seed);
+  ts->u.lnglen = l;
+  return ts;
+}
+
+
+void luaS_remove (lua_State *L, TString *ts) {
   stringtable *tb = &G(L)->strt;
-  TString *s;
-  if (tb->nuse >= cast(lu_int32, tb->size) && tb->size <= MAX_INT/2)
-    luaS_resize(L, tb->size*2);  /* too crowded */
-  list = &tb->hash[lmod(h, tb->size)];
-  s = createstrobj(L, str, l, LUA_TSHRSTR, h, list);
-  tb->nuse++;
-  return s;
+  TString **p = &tb->hash[lmod(ts->hash, tb->size)];
+  while (*p != ts)  /* find previous element */
+    p = &(*p)->u.hnext;
+  *p = (*p)->u.hnext;  /* remove element from its list */
+  tb->nuse--;
 }
 
 
@@ -131,22 +165,31 @@ static TString *newshrstr (lua_State *L, const char *str, size_t l,
 ** checks whether short string exists and reuses it or creates a new one
 */
 static TString *internshrstr (lua_State *L, const char *str, size_t l) {
-  GCObject *o;
+  TString *ts;
   global_State *g = G(L);
   unsigned int h = luaS_hash(str, l, g->seed);
-  for (o = g->strt.hash[lmod(h, g->strt.size)];
-       o != NULL;
-       o = gch(o)->next) {
-    TString *ts = rawgco2ts(o);
-    if (h == ts->tsv.hash &&
-        l == ts->tsv.len &&
+  TString **list = &g->strt.hash[lmod(h, g->strt.size)];
+  lua_assert(str != NULL);  /* otherwise 'memcmp'/'memcpy' are undefined */
+  for (ts = *list; ts != NULL; ts = ts->u.hnext) {
+    if (l == ts->shrlen &&
         (memcmp(str, getstr(ts), l * sizeof(char)) == 0)) {
-      if (isdead(G(L), o))  /* string is dead (but was not collected yet)? */
-        changewhite(o);  /* resurrect it */
+      /* found! */
+      if (isdead(g, ts))  /* dead (but not collected yet)? */
+        changewhite(ts);  /* resurrect it */
       return ts;
     }
   }
-  return newshrstr(L, str, l, h);  /* not found; create a new string */
+  if (g->strt.nuse >= g->strt.size && g->strt.size <= MAX_INT/2) {
+    luaS_resize(L, g->strt.size * 2);
+    list = &g->strt.hash[lmod(h, g->strt.size)];  /* recompute with new size */
+  }
+  ts = createstrobj(L, l, LUA_TSHRSTR, h);
+  memcpy(getstr(ts), str, l * sizeof(char));
+  ts->shrlen = cast_byte(l);
+  ts->u.hnext = *list;
+  *list = ts;
+  g->strt.nuse++;
+  return ts;
 }
 
 
@@ -157,29 +200,49 @@ TString *luaS_newlstr (lua_State *L, const char *str, size_t l) {
   if (l <= LUAI_MAXSHORTLEN)  /* short string? */
     return internshrstr(L, str, l);
   else {
-    if (l + 1 > (MAX_SIZET - sizeof(TString))/sizeof(char))
+    TString *ts;
+    if (l >= (MAX_SIZE - sizeof(TString))/sizeof(char))
       luaM_toobig(L);
-    return createstrobj(L, str, l, LUA_TLNGSTR, G(L)->seed, NULL);
+    ts = luaS_createlngstrobj(L, l);
+    memcpy(getstr(ts), str, l * sizeof(char));
+    return ts;
   }
 }
 
 
 /*
-** new zero-terminated string
+** Create or reuse a zero-terminated string, first checking in the
+** cache (using the string address as a key). The cache can contain
+** only zero-terminated strings, so it is safe to use 'strcmp' to
+** check hits.
 */
 TString *luaS_new (lua_State *L, const char *str) {
-  return luaS_newlstr(L, str, strlen(str));
+  unsigned int i = point2uint(str) % STRCACHE_N;  /* hash */
+  int j;
+  TString **p = G(L)->strcache[i];
+  for (j = 0; j < STRCACHE_M; j++) {
+    if (strcmp(str, getstr(p[j])) == 0)  /* hit? */
+      return p[j];  /* that is it */
+  }
+  /* normal route */
+  for (j = STRCACHE_M - 1; j > 0; j--)
+    p[j] = p[j - 1];  /* move out last element */
+  /* new element is first in the list */
+  p[0] = luaS_newlstr(L, str, strlen(str));
+  return p[0];
 }
 
 
-Udata *luaS_newudata (lua_State *L, size_t s, Table *e) {
+Udata *luaS_newudata (lua_State *L, size_t s) {
   Udata *u;
-  if (s > MAX_SIZET - sizeof(Udata))
+  GCObject *o;
+  if (s > MAX_SIZE - sizeof(Udata))
     luaM_toobig(L);
-  u = &luaC_newobj(L, LUA_TUSERDATA, sizeof(Udata) + s, NULL, 0)->u;
-  u->uv.len = s;
-  u->uv.metatable = NULL;
-  u->uv.env = e;
+  o = luaC_newobj(L, LUA_TUSERDATA, sizeludata(s));
+  u = gco2u(o);
+  u->len = s;
+  u->metatable = NULL;
+  setuservalue(L, u, luaO_nilobject);
   return u;
 }
 
diff --git a/lua/lstring.h b/lua/lstring.h
index 260e7f1..27efd20 100644
--- a/lua/lstring.h
+++ b/lua/lstring.h
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
-** $Id: lstring.h,v 1.49.1.1 2013/04/12 18:48:47 roberto Exp $
+** $Id: lstring.h,v 1.61 2015/11/03 15:36:01 roberto Exp $
 ** String table (keep all strings handled by Lua)
 ** See Copyright Notice in lua.h
 */
@@ -12,35 +12,38 @@
 #include "lstate.h"
 
 
-#define sizestring(s)	(sizeof(union TString)+((s)->len+1)*sizeof(char))
+#define sizelstring(l)  (sizeof(union UTString) + ((l) + 1) * sizeof(char))
 
-#define sizeudata(u)	(sizeof(union Udata)+(u)->len)
+#define sizeludata(l)	(sizeof(union UUdata) + (l))
+#define sizeudata(u)	sizeludata((u)->len)
 
 #define luaS_newliteral(L, s)	(luaS_newlstr(L, "" s, \
                                  (sizeof(s)/sizeof(char))-1))
 
-#define luaS_fix(s)	l_setbit((s)->tsv.marked, FIXEDBIT)
-
 
 /*
 ** test whether a string is a reserved word
 */
-#define isreserved(s)	((s)->tsv.tt == LUA_TSHRSTR && (s)->tsv.extra > 0)
+#define isreserved(s)	((s)->tt == LUA_TSHRSTR && (s)->extra > 0)
 
 
 /*
 ** equality for short strings, which are always internalized
 */
-#define eqshrstr(a,b)	check_exp((a)->tsv.tt == LUA_TSHRSTR, (a) == (b))
+#define eqshrstr(a,b)	check_exp((a)->tt == LUA_TSHRSTR, (a) == (b))
 
 
 LUAI_FUNC unsigned int luaS_hash (const char *str, size_t l, unsigned int seed);
+LUAI_FUNC unsigned int luaS_hashlongstr (TString *ts);
 LUAI_FUNC int luaS_eqlngstr (TString *a, TString *b);
-LUAI_FUNC int luaS_eqstr (TString *a, TString *b);
 LUAI_FUNC void luaS_resize (lua_State *L, int newsize);
-LUAI_FUNC Udata *luaS_newudata (lua_State *L, size_t s, Table *e);
+LUAI_FUNC void luaS_clearcache (global_State *g);
+LUAI_FUNC void luaS_init (lua_State *L);
+LUAI_FUNC void luaS_remove (lua_State *L, TString *ts);
+LUAI_FUNC Udata *luaS_newudata (lua_State *L, size_t s);
 LUAI_FUNC TString *luaS_newlstr (lua_State *L, const char *str, size_t l);
 LUAI_FUNC TString *luaS_new (lua_State *L, const char *str);
+LUAI_FUNC TString *luaS_createlngstrobj (lua_State *L, size_t l);
 
 
 #endif
diff --git a/lua/lstrlib.c b/lua/lstrlib.c
index 9261fd2..fe30e34 100644
--- a/lua/lstrlib.c
+++ b/lua/lstrlib.c
@@ -1,19 +1,23 @@
 /*
-** $Id: lstrlib.c,v 1.178.1.1 2013/04/12 18:48:47 roberto Exp $
+** $Id: lstrlib.c,v 1.239 2015/11/25 16:28:17 roberto Exp $
 ** Standard library for string operations and pattern-matching
 ** See Copyright Notice in lua.h
 */
 
+#define lstrlib_c
+#define LUA_LIB
+
+#include "lprefix.h"
+
 
 #include <ctype.h>
+#include <float.h>
+#include <limits.h>
 #include <stddef.h>
 #include <stdio.h>
 #include <stdlib.h>
 #include <string.h>
 
-#define lstrlib_c
-#define LUA_LIB
-
 #include "lua.h"
 
 #include "lauxlib.h"
@@ -29,10 +33,21 @@
 #endif
 
 
-/* macro to `unsign' a character */
+/* macro to 'unsign' a character */
 #define uchar(c)	((unsigned char)(c))
 
 
+/*
+** Some sizes are better limited to fit in 'int', but must also fit in
+** 'size_t'. (We assume that 'lua_Integer' cannot be smaller than 'int'.)
+*/
+#define MAX_SIZET	((size_t)(~(size_t)0))
+
+#define MAXSIZE  \
+	(sizeof(size_t) < sizeof(int) ? MAX_SIZET : (size_t)(INT_MAX))
+
+
+
 
 static int str_len (lua_State *L) {
   size_t l;
@@ -43,22 +58,22 @@ static int str_len (lua_State *L) {
 
 
 /* translate a relative string position: negative means back from end */
-static size_t posrelat (ptrdiff_t pos, size_t len) {
-  if (pos >= 0) return (size_t)pos;
+static lua_Integer posrelat (lua_Integer pos, size_t len) {
+  if (pos >= 0) return pos;
   else if (0u - (size_t)pos > len) return 0;
-  else return len - ((size_t)-pos) + 1;
+  else return (lua_Integer)len + pos + 1;
 }
 
 
 static int str_sub (lua_State *L) {
   size_t l;
   const char *s = luaL_checklstring(L, 1, &l);
-  size_t start = posrelat(luaL_checkinteger(L, 2), l);
-  size_t end = posrelat(luaL_optinteger(L, 3, -1), l);
+  lua_Integer start = posrelat(luaL_checkinteger(L, 2), l);
+  lua_Integer end = posrelat(luaL_optinteger(L, 3, -1), l);
   if (start < 1) start = 1;
-  if (end > l) end = l;
+  if (end > (lua_Integer)l) end = l;
   if (start <= end)
-    lua_pushlstring(L, s + start - 1, end - start + 1);
+    lua_pushlstring(L, s + start - 1, (size_t)(end - start) + 1);
   else lua_pushliteral(L, "");
   return 1;
 }
@@ -102,25 +117,23 @@ static int str_upper (lua_State *L) {
 }
 
 
-/* reasonable limit to avoid arithmetic overflow */
-#define MAXSIZE		((~(size_t)0) >> 1)
-
 static int str_rep (lua_State *L) {
   size_t l, lsep;
   const char *s = luaL_checklstring(L, 1, &l);
-  int n = luaL_checkint(L, 2);
+  lua_Integer n = luaL_checkinteger(L, 2);
   const char *sep = luaL_optlstring(L, 3, "", &lsep);
   if (n <= 0) lua_pushliteral(L, "");
-  else if (l + lsep < l || l + lsep >= MAXSIZE / n)  /* may overflow? */
+  else if (l + lsep < l || l + lsep > MAXSIZE / n)  /* may overflow? */
     return luaL_error(L, "resulting string too large");
   else {
-    size_t totallen = n * l + (n - 1) * lsep;
+    size_t totallen = (size_t)n * l + (size_t)(n - 1) * lsep;
     luaL_Buffer b;
     char *p = luaL_buffinitsize(L, &b, totallen);
     while (n-- > 1) {  /* first n-1 copies (followed by separator) */
       memcpy(p, s, l * sizeof(char)); p += l;
-      if (lsep > 0) {  /* avoid empty 'memcpy' (may be expensive) */
-        memcpy(p, sep, lsep * sizeof(char)); p += lsep;
+      if (lsep > 0) {  /* empty 'memcpy' is not that cheap */
+        memcpy(p, sep, lsep * sizeof(char));
+        p += lsep;
       }
     }
     memcpy(p, s, l * sizeof(char));  /* last copy (not followed by separator) */
@@ -133,15 +146,15 @@ static int str_rep (lua_State *L) {
 static int str_byte (lua_State *L) {
   size_t l;
   const char *s = luaL_checklstring(L, 1, &l);
-  size_t posi = posrelat(luaL_optinteger(L, 2, 1), l);
-  size_t pose = posrelat(luaL_optinteger(L, 3, posi), l);
+  lua_Integer posi = posrelat(luaL_optinteger(L, 2, 1), l);
+  lua_Integer pose = posrelat(luaL_optinteger(L, 3, posi), l);
   int n, i;
   if (posi < 1) posi = 1;
-  if (pose > l) pose = l;
+  if (pose > (lua_Integer)l) pose = l;
   if (posi > pose) return 0;  /* empty interval; return no values */
-  n = (int)(pose -  posi + 1);
-  if (posi + n <= pose)  /* (size_t -> int) overflow? */
+  if (pose - posi >= INT_MAX)  /* arithmetic overflow? */
     return luaL_error(L, "string slice too long");
+  n = (int)(pose -  posi) + 1;
   luaL_checkstack(L, n, "string slice too long");
   for (i=0; i<n; i++)
     lua_pushinteger(L, uchar(s[posi+i-1]));
@@ -155,7 +168,7 @@ static int str_char (lua_State *L) {
   luaL_Buffer b;
   char *p = luaL_buffinitsize(L, &b, n);
   for (i=1; i<=n; i++) {
-    int c = luaL_checkint(L, i);
+    lua_Integer c = luaL_checkinteger(L, i);
     luaL_argcheck(L, uchar(c) == c, i, "value out of range");
     p[i - 1] = uchar(c);
   }
@@ -164,19 +177,20 @@ static int str_char (lua_State *L) {
 }
 
 
-static int writer (lua_State *L, const void* b, size_t size, void* B) {
+static int writer (lua_State *L, const void *b, size_t size, void *B) {
   (void)L;
-  luaL_addlstring((luaL_Buffer*) B, (const char *)b, size);
+  luaL_addlstring((luaL_Buffer *) B, (const char *)b, size);
   return 0;
 }
 
 
 static int str_dump (lua_State *L) {
   luaL_Buffer b;
+  int strip = lua_toboolean(L, 2);
   luaL_checktype(L, 1, LUA_TFUNCTION);
   lua_settop(L, 1);
   luaL_buffinit(L,&b);
-  if (lua_dump(L, writer, &b) != 0)
+  if (lua_dump(L, writer, &b, strip) != 0)
     return luaL_error(L, "unable to dump given function");
   luaL_pushresult(&b);
   return 1;
@@ -196,11 +210,12 @@ static int str_dump (lua_State *L) {
 
 
 typedef struct MatchState {
-  int matchdepth;  /* control for recursive depth (to avoid C stack overflow) */
   const char *src_init;  /* init of source string */
   const char *src_end;  /* end ('\0') of source string */
   const char *p_end;  /* end ('\0') of pattern */
   lua_State *L;
+  size_t nrep;  /* limit to avoid non-linear complexity */
+  int matchdepth;  /* control for recursive depth (to avoid C stack overflow) */
   int level;  /* total number of captures (finished or unfinished) */
   struct {
     const char *init;
@@ -219,6 +234,17 @@ static const char *match (MatchState *ms, const char *s, const char *p);
 #endif
 
 
+/*
+** parameters to control the maximum number of operators handled in
+** a match (to avoid non-linear complexity). The maximum will be:
+** (subject length) * A_REPS + B_REPS
+*/
+#if !defined(A_REPS)
+#define A_REPS		4
+#define B_REPS		100000
+#endif
+
+
 #define L_ESC		'%'
 #define SPECIALS	"^$*+?.([%-"
 
@@ -243,16 +269,16 @@ static const char *classend (MatchState *ms, const char *p) {
   switch (*p++) {
     case L_ESC: {
       if (p == ms->p_end)
-        luaL_error(ms->L, "malformed pattern (ends with " LUA_QL("%%") ")");
+        luaL_error(ms->L, "malformed pattern (ends with '%%')");
       return p+1;
     }
     case '[': {
       if (*p == '^') p++;
-      do {  /* look for a `]' */
+      do {  /* look for a ']' */
         if (p == ms->p_end)
-          luaL_error(ms->L, "malformed pattern (missing " LUA_QL("]") ")");
+          luaL_error(ms->L, "malformed pattern (missing ']')");
         if (*(p++) == L_ESC && p < ms->p_end)
-          p++;  /* skip escapes (e.g. `%]') */
+          p++;  /* skip escapes (e.g. '%]') */
       } while (*p != ']');
       return p+1;
     }
@@ -287,7 +313,7 @@ static int matchbracketclass (int c, const char *p, const char *ec) {
   int sig = 1;
   if (*(p+1) == '^') {
     sig = 0;
-    p++;  /* skip the `^' */
+    p++;  /* skip the '^' */
   }
   while (++p < ec) {
     if (*p == L_ESC) {
@@ -325,8 +351,7 @@ static int singlematch (MatchState *ms, const char *s, const char *p,
 static const char *matchbalance (MatchState *ms, const char *s,
                                    const char *p) {
   if (p >= ms->p_end - 1)
-    luaL_error(ms->L, "malformed pattern "
-                      "(missing arguments to " LUA_QL("%%b") ")");
+    luaL_error(ms->L, "malformed pattern (missing arguments to '%%b')");
   if (*s != *p) return NULL;
   else {
     int b = *p;
@@ -425,7 +450,7 @@ static const char *match (MatchState *ms, const char *s, const char *p) {
         break;
       }
       case '$': {
-        if ((p + 1) != ms->p_end)  /* is the `$' the last char in pattern? */
+        if ((p + 1) != ms->p_end)  /* is the '$' the last char in pattern? */
           goto dflt;  /* no; go to default */
         s = (s == ms->src_end) ? s : NULL;  /* check end of string */
         break;
@@ -443,8 +468,7 @@ static const char *match (MatchState *ms, const char *s, const char *p) {
             const char *ep; char previous;
             p += 2;
             if (*p != '[')
-              luaL_error(ms->L, "missing " LUA_QL("[") " after "
-                                 LUA_QL("%%f") " in pattern");
+              luaL_error(ms->L, "missing '[' after '%%f' in pattern");
             ep = classend(ms, p);  /* points to what is next */
             previous = (s == ms->src_init) ? '\0' : *(s - 1);
             if (!matchbracketclass(uchar(previous), p, ep - 1) &&
@@ -478,6 +502,8 @@ static const char *match (MatchState *ms, const char *s, const char *p) {
             s = NULL;  /* fail */
         }
         else {  /* matched once */
+          if (ms->nrep-- == 0)
+            luaL_error(ms->L, "pattern too complex");
           switch (*ep) {  /* handle optional suffix */
             case '?': {  /* optional */
               const char *res;
@@ -490,7 +516,7 @@ static const char *match (MatchState *ms, const char *s, const char *p) {
             }
             case '+':  /* 1 or more repetitions */
               s++;  /* 1 match already done */
-              /* go through */
+              /* FALLTHROUGH */
             case '*':  /* 0 or more repetitions */
               s = max_expand(ms, s, p, ep);
               break;
@@ -514,16 +540,16 @@ static const char *match (MatchState *ms, const char *s, const char *p) {
 static const char *lmemfind (const char *s1, size_t l1,
                                const char *s2, size_t l2) {
   if (l2 == 0) return s1;  /* empty strings are everywhere */
-  else if (l2 > l1) return NULL;  /* avoids a negative `l1' */
+  else if (l2 > l1) return NULL;  /* avoids a negative 'l1' */
   else {
-    const char *init;  /* to search for a `*s2' inside `s1' */
-    l2--;  /* 1st char will be checked by `memchr' */
-    l1 = l1-l2;  /* `s2' cannot be found after that */
+    const char *init;  /* to search for a '*s2' inside 's1' */
+    l2--;  /* 1st char will be checked by 'memchr' */
+    l1 = l1-l2;  /* 's2' cannot be found after that */
     while (l1 > 0 && (init = (const char *)memchr(s1, *s2, l1)) != NULL) {
       init++;   /* 1st char is already checked */
       if (memcmp(init, s2+1, l2) == 0)
         return init-1;
-      else {  /* correct `l1' and `s1' to try again */
+      else {  /* correct 'l1' and 's1' to try again */
         l1 -= init-s1;
         s1 = init;
       }
@@ -539,13 +565,13 @@ static void push_onecapture (MatchState *ms, int i, const char *s,
     if (i == 0)  /* ms->level == 0, too */
       lua_pushlstring(ms->L, s, e - s);  /* add whole match */
     else
-      luaL_error(ms->L, "invalid capture index");
+      luaL_error(ms->L, "invalid capture index %%%d", i + 1);
   }
   else {
     ptrdiff_t l = ms->capture[i].len;
     if (l == CAP_UNFINISHED) luaL_error(ms->L, "unfinished capture");
     if (l == CAP_POSITION)
-      lua_pushinteger(ms->L, ms->capture[i].init - ms->src_init + 1);
+      lua_pushinteger(ms->L, (ms->capture[i].init - ms->src_init) + 1);
     else
       lua_pushlstring(ms->L, ms->capture[i].init, l);
   }
@@ -574,23 +600,43 @@ static int nospecials (const char *p, size_t l) {
 }
 
 
+static void prepstate (MatchState *ms, lua_State *L,
+                       const char *s, size_t ls, const char *p, size_t lp) {
+  ms->L = L;
+  ms->matchdepth = MAXCCALLS;
+  ms->src_init = s;
+  ms->src_end = s + ls;
+  ms->p_end = p + lp;
+  if (ls < (MAX_SIZET - B_REPS) / A_REPS)
+    ms->nrep = A_REPS * ls + B_REPS;
+  else  /* overflow (very long subject) */
+    ms->nrep = MAX_SIZET;  /* no limit */
+}
+
+
+static void reprepstate (MatchState *ms) {
+  ms->level = 0;
+  lua_assert(ms->matchdepth == MAXCCALLS);
+}
+
+
 static int str_find_aux (lua_State *L, int find) {
   size_t ls, lp;
   const char *s = luaL_checklstring(L, 1, &ls);
   const char *p = luaL_checklstring(L, 2, &lp);
-  size_t init = posrelat(luaL_optinteger(L, 3, 1), ls);
+  lua_Integer init = posrelat(luaL_optinteger(L, 3, 1), ls);
   if (init < 1) init = 1;
-  else if (init > ls + 1) {  /* start after string's end? */
+  else if (init > (lua_Integer)ls + 1) {  /* start after string's end? */
     lua_pushnil(L);  /* cannot find anything */
     return 1;
   }
   /* explicit request or no special characters? */
   if (find && (lua_toboolean(L, 4) || nospecials(p, lp))) {
     /* do a plain search */
-    const char *s2 = lmemfind(s + init - 1, ls - init + 1, p, lp);
+    const char *s2 = lmemfind(s + init - 1, ls - (size_t)init + 1, p, lp);
     if (s2) {
-      lua_pushinteger(L, s2 - s + 1);
-      lua_pushinteger(L, s2 - s + lp);
+      lua_pushinteger(L, (s2 - s) + 1);
+      lua_pushinteger(L, (s2 - s) + lp);
       return 2;
     }
   }
@@ -601,18 +647,13 @@ static int str_find_aux (lua_State *L, int find) {
     if (anchor) {
       p++; lp--;  /* skip anchor character */
     }
-    ms.L = L;
-    ms.matchdepth = MAXCCALLS;
-    ms.src_init = s;
-    ms.src_end = s + ls;
-    ms.p_end = p + lp;
+    prepstate(&ms, L, s, ls, p, lp);
     do {
       const char *res;
-      ms.level = 0;
-      lua_assert(ms.matchdepth == MAXCCALLS);
+      reprepstate(&ms);
       if ((res=match(&ms, s1, p)) != NULL) {
         if (find) {
-          lua_pushinteger(L, s1 - s + 1);  /* start */
+          lua_pushinteger(L, (s1 - s) + 1);  /* start */
           lua_pushinteger(L, res - s);   /* end */
           return push_captures(&ms, NULL, 0) + 2;
         }
@@ -636,29 +677,26 @@ static int str_match (lua_State *L) {
 }
 
 
+/* state for 'gmatch' */
+typedef struct GMatchState {
+  const char *src;  /* current position */
+  const char *p;  /* pattern */
+  MatchState ms;  /* match state */
+} GMatchState;
+
+
 static int gmatch_aux (lua_State *L) {
-  MatchState ms;
-  size_t ls, lp;
-  const char *s = lua_tolstring(L, lua_upvalueindex(1), &ls);
-  const char *p = lua_tolstring(L, lua_upvalueindex(2), &lp);
+  GMatchState *gm = (GMatchState *)lua_touserdata(L, lua_upvalueindex(3));
   const char *src;
-  ms.L = L;
-  ms.matchdepth = MAXCCALLS;
-  ms.src_init = s;
-  ms.src_end = s+ls;
-  ms.p_end = p + lp;
-  for (src = s + (size_t)lua_tointeger(L, lua_upvalueindex(3));
-       src <= ms.src_end;
-       src++) {
+  for (src = gm->src; src <= gm->ms.src_end; src++) {
     const char *e;
-    ms.level = 0;
-    lua_assert(ms.matchdepth == MAXCCALLS);
-    if ((e = match(&ms, src, p)) != NULL) {
-      lua_Integer newstart = e-s;
-      if (e == src) newstart++;  /* empty match? go at least one position */
-      lua_pushinteger(L, newstart);
-      lua_replace(L, lua_upvalueindex(3));
-      return push_captures(&ms, src, e);
+    reprepstate(&gm->ms);
+    if ((e = match(&gm->ms, src, gm->p)) != NULL) {
+      if (e == src)  /* empty match? */
+        gm->src =src + 1;  /* go at least one position */
+      else
+        gm->src = e;
+      return push_captures(&gm->ms, src, e);
     }
   }
   return 0;  /* not found */
@@ -666,10 +704,14 @@ static int gmatch_aux (lua_State *L) {
 
 
 static int gmatch (lua_State *L) {
-  luaL_checkstring(L, 1);
-  luaL_checkstring(L, 2);
-  lua_settop(L, 2);
-  lua_pushinteger(L, 0);
+  size_t ls, lp;
+  const char *s = luaL_checklstring(L, 1, &ls);
+  const char *p = luaL_checklstring(L, 2, &lp);
+  GMatchState *gm;
+  lua_settop(L, 2);  /* keep them on closure to avoid being collected */
+  gm = (GMatchState *)lua_newuserdata(L, sizeof(GMatchState));
+  prepstate(&gm->ms, L, s, ls, p, lp);
+  gm->src = s; gm->p = p;
   lua_pushcclosure(L, gmatch_aux, 3);
   return 1;
 }
@@ -678,7 +720,8 @@ static int gmatch (lua_State *L) {
 static void add_s (MatchState *ms, luaL_Buffer *b, const char *s,
                                                    const char *e) {
   size_t l, i;
-  const char *news = lua_tolstring(ms->L, 3, &l);
+  lua_State *L = ms->L;
+  const char *news = lua_tolstring(L, 3, &l);
   for (i = 0; i < l; i++) {
     if (news[i] != L_ESC)
       luaL_addchar(b, news[i]);
@@ -686,14 +729,15 @@ static void add_s (MatchState *ms, luaL_Buffer *b, const char *s,
       i++;  /* skip ESC */
       if (!isdigit(uchar(news[i]))) {
         if (news[i] != L_ESC)
-          luaL_error(ms->L, "invalid use of " LUA_QL("%c")
-                           " in replacement string", L_ESC);
+          luaL_error(L, "invalid use of '%c' in replacement string", L_ESC);
         luaL_addchar(b, news[i]);
       }
       else if (news[i] == '0')
           luaL_addlstring(b, s, e - s);
       else {
         push_onecapture(ms, news[i] - '1', s, e);
+        luaL_tolstring(L, -1, NULL);  /* if number, convert it to string */
+        lua_remove(L, -2);  /* remove original value */
         luaL_addvalue(b);  /* add capture to accumulated result */
       }
     }
@@ -737,9 +781,9 @@ static int str_gsub (lua_State *L) {
   const char *src = luaL_checklstring(L, 1, &srcl);
   const char *p = luaL_checklstring(L, 2, &lp);
   int tr = lua_type(L, 3);
-  size_t max_s = luaL_optinteger(L, 4, srcl+1);
+  lua_Integer max_s = luaL_optinteger(L, 4, srcl + 1);
   int anchor = (*p == '^');
-  size_t n = 0;
+  lua_Integer n = 0;
   MatchState ms;
   luaL_Buffer b;
   luaL_argcheck(L, tr == LUA_TNUMBER || tr == LUA_TSTRING ||
@@ -749,17 +793,11 @@ static int str_gsub (lua_State *L) {
   if (anchor) {
     p++; lp--;  /* skip anchor character */
   }
-  ms.L = L;
-  ms.matchdepth = MAXCCALLS;
-  ms.src_init = src;
-  ms.src_end = src+srcl;
-  ms.p_end = p + lp;
+  prepstate(&ms, L, src, srcl, p, lp);
   while (n < max_s) {
     const char *e;
-    ms.level = 0;
-    lua_assert(ms.matchdepth == MAXCCALLS);
-    e = match(&ms, src, p);
-    if (e) {
+    reprepstate(&ms);
+    if ((e = match(&ms, src, p)) != NULL) {
       n++;
       add_value(&ms, &b, src, e, tr);
     }
@@ -786,48 +824,102 @@ static int str_gsub (lua_State *L) {
 ** =======================================================
 */
 
+#if !defined(lua_number2strx)	/* { */
+
 /*
-** LUA_INTFRMLEN is the length modifier for integer conversions in
-** 'string.format'; LUA_INTFRM_T is the integer type corresponding to
-** the previous length
+** Hexadecimal floating-point formatter
 */
-#if !defined(LUA_INTFRMLEN)	/* { */
-#if defined(LUA_USE_LONGLONG)
 
-#define LUA_INTFRMLEN		"ll"
-#define LUA_INTFRM_T		long long
+#include <locale.h>
+#include <math.h>
 
-#else
+#define SIZELENMOD	(sizeof(LUA_NUMBER_FRMLEN)/sizeof(char))
 
-#define LUA_INTFRMLEN		"l"
-#define LUA_INTFRM_T		long
 
-#endif
-#endif				/* } */
+/*
+** Number of bits that goes into the first digit. It can be any value
+** between 1 and 4; the following definition tries to align the number
+** to nibble boundaries by making what is left after that first digit a
+** multiple of 4.
+*/
+#define L_NBFD		((l_mathlim(MANT_DIG) - 1)%4 + 1)
 
 
 /*
-** LUA_FLTFRMLEN is the length modifier for float conversions in
-** 'string.format'; LUA_FLTFRM_T is the float type corresponding to
-** the previous length
+** Add integer part of 'x' to buffer and return new 'x'
 */
-#if !defined(LUA_FLTFRMLEN)
+static lua_Number adddigit (char *buff, int n, lua_Number x) {
+  lua_Number dd = l_mathop(floor)(x);  /* get integer part from 'x' */
+  int d = (int)dd;
+  buff[n] = (d < 10 ? d + '0' : d - 10 + 'a');  /* add to buffer */
+  return x - dd;  /* return what is left */
+}
 
-#define LUA_FLTFRMLEN		""
-#define LUA_FLTFRM_T		double
 
-#endif
+static int num2straux (char *buff, int sz, lua_Number x) {
+  if (x != x || x == HUGE_VAL || x == -HUGE_VAL)  /* inf or NaN? */
+    return l_sprintf(buff, sz, LUA_NUMBER_FMT, x);  /* equal to '%g' */
+  else if (x == 0) {  /* can be -0... */
+    /* create "0" or "-0" followed by exponent */
+    return l_sprintf(buff, sz, LUA_NUMBER_FMT "x0p+0", x);
+  }
+  else {
+    int e;
+    lua_Number m = l_mathop(frexp)(x, &e);  /* 'x' fraction and exponent */
+    int n = 0;  /* character count */
+    if (m < 0) {  /* is number negative? */
+      buff[n++] = '-';  /* add signal */
+      m = -m;  /* make it positive */
+    }
+    buff[n++] = '0'; buff[n++] = 'x';  /* add "0x" */
+    m = adddigit(buff, n++, m * (1 << L_NBFD));  /* add first digit */
+    e -= L_NBFD;  /* this digit goes before the radix point */
+    if (m > 0) {  /* more digits? */
+      buff[n++] = lua_getlocaledecpoint();  /* add radix point */
+      do {  /* add as many digits as needed */
+        m = adddigit(buff, n++, m * 16);
+      } while (m > 0);
+    }
+    n += l_sprintf(buff + n, sz - n, "p%+d", e);  /* add exponent */
+    lua_assert(n < sz);
+    return n;
+  }
+}
+
+
+static int lua_number2strx (lua_State *L, char *buff, int sz,
+                            const char *fmt, lua_Number x) {
+  int n = num2straux(buff, sz, x);
+  if (fmt[SIZELENMOD] == 'A') {
+    int i;
+    for (i = 0; i < n; i++)
+      buff[i] = toupper(uchar(buff[i]));
+  }
+  else if (fmt[SIZELENMOD] != 'a')
+    luaL_error(L, "modifiers for format '%%a'/'%%A' not implemented");
+  return n;
+}
+
+#endif				/* } */
+
+
+/*
+** Maximum size of each formatted item. This maximum size is produced
+** by format('%.99f', -maxfloat), and is equal to 99 + 3 ('-', '.',
+** and '\0') + number of decimal digits to represent maxfloat (which
+** is maximum exponent + 1). (99+3+1 then rounded to 120 for "extra
+** expenses", such as locale-dependent stuff)
+*/
+#define MAX_ITEM        (120 + l_mathlim(MAX_10_EXP))
 
 
-/* maximum size of each formatted item (> len(format('%99.99f', -1e308))) */
-#define MAX_ITEM	512
 /* valid flags in a format specification */
 #define FLAGS	"-+ #0"
+
 /*
-** maximum size of each format specification (such as '%-099.99d')
-** (+10 accounts for %99.99x plus margin of error)
+** maximum size of each format specification (such as "%-099.99d")
 */
-#define MAX_FORMAT	(sizeof(FLAGS) + sizeof(LUA_INTFRMLEN) + 10)
+#define MAX_FORMAT	32
 
 
 static void addquoted (lua_State *L, luaL_Buffer *b, int arg) {
@@ -842,9 +934,9 @@ static void addquoted (lua_State *L, luaL_Buffer *b, int arg) {
     else if (*s == '\0' || iscntrl(uchar(*s))) {
       char buff[10];
       if (!isdigit(uchar(*(s+1))))
-        sprintf(buff, "\\%d", (int)uchar(*s));
+        l_sprintf(buff, sizeof(buff), "\\%d", (int)uchar(*s));
       else
-        sprintf(buff, "\\%03d", (int)uchar(*s));
+        l_sprintf(buff, sizeof(buff), "\\%03d", (int)uchar(*s));
       luaL_addstring(b, buff);
     }
     else
@@ -869,8 +961,8 @@ static const char *scanformat (lua_State *L, const char *strfrmt, char *form) {
   if (isdigit(uchar(*p)))
     luaL_error(L, "invalid format (width or precision too long)");
   *(form++) = '%';
-  memcpy(form, strfrmt, (p - strfrmt + 1) * sizeof(char));
-  form += p - strfrmt + 1;
+  memcpy(form, strfrmt, ((p - strfrmt) + 1) * sizeof(char));
+  form += (p - strfrmt) + 1;
   *form = '\0';
   return p;
 }
@@ -903,7 +995,7 @@ static int str_format (lua_State *L) {
     else if (*++strfrmt == L_ESC)
       luaL_addchar(&b, *strfrmt++);  /* %% */
     else { /* format item */
-      char form[MAX_FORMAT];  /* to store the format (`%...') */
+      char form[MAX_FORMAT];  /* to store the format ('%...') */
       char *buff = luaL_prepbuffsize(&b, MAX_ITEM);  /* to put formatted item */
       int nb = 0;  /* number of bytes in added item */
       if (++arg > top)
@@ -911,36 +1003,25 @@ static int str_format (lua_State *L) {
       strfrmt = scanformat(L, strfrmt, form);
       switch (*strfrmt++) {
         case 'c': {
-          nb = sprintf(buff, form, luaL_checkint(L, arg));
-          break;
-        }
-        case 'd': case 'i': {
-          lua_Number n = luaL_checknumber(L, arg);
-          LUA_INTFRM_T ni = (LUA_INTFRM_T)n;
-          lua_Number diff = n - (lua_Number)ni;
-          luaL_argcheck(L, -1 < diff && diff < 1, arg,
-                        "not a number in proper range");
-          addlenmod(form, LUA_INTFRMLEN);
-          nb = sprintf(buff, form, ni);
+          nb = l_sprintf(buff, MAX_ITEM, form, (int)luaL_checkinteger(L, arg));
           break;
         }
+        case 'd': case 'i':
         case 'o': case 'u': case 'x': case 'X': {
-          lua_Number n = luaL_checknumber(L, arg);
-          unsigned LUA_INTFRM_T ni = (unsigned LUA_INTFRM_T)n;
-          lua_Number diff = n - (lua_Number)ni;
-          luaL_argcheck(L, -1 < diff && diff < 1, arg,
-                        "not a non-negative number in proper range");
-          addlenmod(form, LUA_INTFRMLEN);
-          nb = sprintf(buff, form, ni);
+          lua_Integer n = luaL_checkinteger(L, arg);
+          addlenmod(form, LUA_INTEGER_FRMLEN);
+          nb = l_sprintf(buff, MAX_ITEM, form, n);
           break;
         }
-        case 'e': case 'E': case 'f':
-#if defined(LUA_USE_AFORMAT)
         case 'a': case 'A':
-#endif
+          addlenmod(form, LUA_NUMBER_FRMLEN);
+          nb = lua_number2strx(L, buff, MAX_ITEM, form,
+                                  luaL_checknumber(L, arg));
+          break;
+        case 'e': case 'E': case 'f':
         case 'g': case 'G': {
-          addlenmod(form, LUA_FLTFRMLEN);
-          nb = sprintf(buff, form, (LUA_FLTFRM_T)luaL_checknumber(L, arg));
+          addlenmod(form, LUA_NUMBER_FRMLEN);
+          nb = l_sprintf(buff, MAX_ITEM, form, luaL_checknumber(L, arg));
           break;
         }
         case 'q': {
@@ -950,23 +1031,27 @@ static int str_format (lua_State *L) {
         case 's': {
           size_t l;
           const char *s = luaL_tolstring(L, arg, &l);
-          if (!strchr(form, '.') && l >= 100) {
-            /* no precision and string is too long to be formatted;
-               keep original string */
-            luaL_addvalue(&b);
-            break;
-          }
+          if (form[2] == '\0')  /* no modifiers? */
+            luaL_addvalue(&b);  /* keep entire string */
           else {
-            nb = sprintf(buff, form, s);
-            lua_pop(L, 1);  /* remove result from 'luaL_tolstring' */
-            break;
+            luaL_argcheck(L, l == strlen(s), arg, "string contains zeros");
+            if (!strchr(form, '.') && l >= 100) {
+              /* no precision and string is too long to be formatted */
+              luaL_addvalue(&b);  /* keep entire string */
+            }
+            else {  /* format the string into 'buff' */
+              nb = l_sprintf(buff, MAX_ITEM, form, s);
+              lua_pop(L, 1);  /* remove result from 'luaL_tolstring' */
+            }
           }
+          break;
         }
-        default: {  /* also treat cases `pnLlh' */
-          return luaL_error(L, "invalid option " LUA_QL("%%%c") " to "
-                               LUA_QL("format"), *(strfrmt - 1));
+        default: {  /* also treat cases 'pnLlh' */
+          return luaL_error(L, "invalid option '%%%c' to 'format'",
+                               *(strfrmt - 1));
         }
       }
+      lua_assert(nb < MAX_ITEM);
       luaL_addsize(&b, nb);
     }
   }
@@ -977,6 +1062,452 @@ static int str_format (lua_State *L) {
 /* }====================================================== */
 
 
+/*
+** {======================================================
+** PACK/UNPACK
+** =======================================================
+*/
+
+
+/* value used for padding */
+#if !defined(LUA_PACKPADBYTE)
+#define LUA_PACKPADBYTE		0x00
+#endif
+
+/* maximum size for the binary representation of an integer */
+#define MAXINTSIZE	16
+
+/* number of bits in a character */
+#define NB	CHAR_BIT
+
+/* mask for one character (NB 1's) */
+#define MC	((1 << NB) - 1)
+
+/* size of a lua_Integer */
+#define SZINT	((int)sizeof(lua_Integer))
+
+
+/* dummy union to get native endianness */
+static const union {
+  int dummy;
+  char little;  /* true iff machine is little endian */
+} nativeendian = {1};
+
+
+/* dummy structure to get native alignment requirements */
+struct cD {
+  char c;
+  union { double d; void *p; lua_Integer i; lua_Number n; } u;
+};
+
+#define MAXALIGN	(offsetof(struct cD, u))
+
+
+/*
+** Union for serializing floats
+*/
+typedef union Ftypes {
+  float f;
+  double d;
+  lua_Number n;
+  char buff[5 * sizeof(lua_Number)];  /* enough for any float type */
+} Ftypes;
+
+
+/*
+** information to pack/unpack stuff
+*/
+typedef struct Header {
+  lua_State *L;
+  int islittle;
+  int maxalign;
+} Header;
+
+
+/*
+** options for pack/unpack
+*/
+typedef enum KOption {
+  Kint,		/* signed integers */
+  Kuint,	/* unsigned integers */
+  Kfloat,	/* floating-point numbers */
+  Kchar,	/* fixed-length strings */
+  Kstring,	/* strings with prefixed length */
+  Kzstr,	/* zero-terminated strings */
+  Kpadding,	/* padding */
+  Kpaddalign,	/* padding for alignment */
+  Knop		/* no-op (configuration or spaces) */
+} KOption;
+
+
+/*
+** Read an integer numeral from string 'fmt' or return 'df' if
+** there is no numeral
+*/
+static int digit (int c) { return '0' <= c && c <= '9'; }
+
+static int getnum (const char **fmt, int df) {
+  if (!digit(**fmt))  /* no number? */
+    return df;  /* return default value */
+  else {
+    int a = 0;
+    do {
+      a = a*10 + (*((*fmt)++) - '0');
+    } while (digit(**fmt) && a <= ((int)MAXSIZE - 9)/10);
+    return a;
+  }
+}
+
+
+/*
+** Read an integer numeral and raises an error if it is larger
+** than the maximum size for integers.
+*/
+static int getnumlimit (Header *h, const char **fmt, int df) {
+  int sz = getnum(fmt, df);
+  if (sz > MAXINTSIZE || sz <= 0)
+    luaL_error(h->L, "integral size (%d) out of limits [1,%d]",
+                     sz, MAXINTSIZE);
+  return sz;
+}
+
+
+/*
+** Initialize Header
+*/
+static void initheader (lua_State *L, Header *h) {
+  h->L = L;
+  h->islittle = nativeendian.little;
+  h->maxalign = 1;
+}
+
+
+/*
+** Read and classify next option. 'size' is filled with option's size.
+*/
+static KOption getoption (Header *h, const char **fmt, int *size) {
+  int opt = *((*fmt)++);
+  *size = 0;  /* default */
+  switch (opt) {
+    case 'b': *size = sizeof(char); return Kint;
+    case 'B': *size = sizeof(char); return Kuint;
+    case 'h': *size = sizeof(short); return Kint;
+    case 'H': *size = sizeof(short); return Kuint;
+    case 'l': *size = sizeof(long); return Kint;
+    case 'L': *size = sizeof(long); return Kuint;
+    case 'j': *size = sizeof(lua_Integer); return Kint;
+    case 'J': *size = sizeof(lua_Integer); return Kuint;
+    case 'T': *size = sizeof(size_t); return Kuint;
+    case 'f': *size = sizeof(float); return Kfloat;
+    case 'd': *size = sizeof(double); return Kfloat;
+    case 'n': *size = sizeof(lua_Number); return Kfloat;
+    case 'i': *size = getnumlimit(h, fmt, sizeof(int)); return Kint;
+    case 'I': *size = getnumlimit(h, fmt, sizeof(int)); return Kuint;
+    case 's': *size = getnumlimit(h, fmt, sizeof(size_t)); return Kstring;
+    case 'c':
+      *size = getnum(fmt, -1);
+      if (*size == -1)
+        luaL_error(h->L, "missing size for format option 'c'");
+      return Kchar;
+    case 'z': return Kzstr;
+    case 'x': *size = 1; return Kpadding;
+    case 'X': return Kpaddalign;
+    case ' ': break;
+    case '<': h->islittle = 1; break;
+    case '>': h->islittle = 0; break;
+    case '=': h->islittle = nativeendian.little; break;
+    case '!': h->maxalign = getnumlimit(h, fmt, MAXALIGN); break;
+    default: luaL_error(h->L, "invalid format option '%c'", opt);
+  }
+  return Knop;
+}
+
+
+/*
+** Read, classify, and fill other details about the next option.
+** 'psize' is filled with option's size, 'notoalign' with its
+** alignment requirements.
+** Local variable 'size' gets the size to be aligned. (Kpadal option
+** always gets its full alignment, other options are limited by 
+** the maximum alignment ('maxalign'). Kchar option needs no alignment
+** despite its size.
+*/
+static KOption getdetails (Header *h, size_t totalsize,
+                           const char **fmt, int *psize, int *ntoalign) {
+  KOption opt = getoption(h, fmt, psize);
+  int align = *psize;  /* usually, alignment follows size */
+  if (opt == Kpaddalign) {  /* 'X' gets alignment from following option */
+    if (**fmt == '\0' || getoption(h, fmt, &align) == Kchar || align == 0)
+      luaL_argerror(h->L, 1, "invalid next option for option 'X'");
+  }
+  if (align <= 1 || opt == Kchar)  /* need no alignment? */
+    *ntoalign = 0;
+  else {
+    if (align > h->maxalign)  /* enforce maximum alignment */
+      align = h->maxalign;
+    if ((align & (align - 1)) != 0)  /* is 'align' not a power of 2? */
+      luaL_argerror(h->L, 1, "format asks for alignment not power of 2");
+    *ntoalign = (align - (int)(totalsize & (align - 1))) & (align - 1);
+  }
+  return opt;
+}
+
+
+/*
+** Pack integer 'n' with 'size' bytes and 'islittle' endianness.
+** The final 'if' handles the case when 'size' is larger than
+** the size of a Lua integer, correcting the extra sign-extension
+** bytes if necessary (by default they would be zeros).
+*/
+static void packint (luaL_Buffer *b, lua_Unsigned n,
+                     int islittle, int size, int neg) {
+  char *buff = luaL_prepbuffsize(b, size);
+  int i;
+  buff[islittle ? 0 : size - 1] = (char)(n & MC);  /* first byte */
+  for (i = 1; i < size; i++) {
+    n >>= NB;
+    buff[islittle ? i : size - 1 - i] = (char)(n & MC);
+  }
+  if (neg && size > SZINT) {  /* negative number need sign extension? */
+    for (i = SZINT; i < size; i++)  /* correct extra bytes */
+      buff[islittle ? i : size - 1 - i] = (char)MC;
+  }
+  luaL_addsize(b, size);  /* add result to buffer */
+}
+
+
+/*
+** Copy 'size' bytes from 'src' to 'dest', correcting endianness if
+** given 'islittle' is different from native endianness.
+*/
+static void copywithendian (volatile char *dest, volatile const char *src,
+                            int size, int islittle) {
+  if (islittle == nativeendian.little) {
+    while (size-- != 0)
+      *(dest++) = *(src++);
+  }
+  else {
+    dest += size - 1;
+    while (size-- != 0)
+      *(dest--) = *(src++);
+  }
+}
+
+
+static int str_pack (lua_State *L) {
+  luaL_Buffer b;
+  Header h;
+  const char *fmt = luaL_checkstring(L, 1);  /* format string */
+  int arg = 1;  /* current argument to pack */
+  size_t totalsize = 0;  /* accumulate total size of result */
+  initheader(L, &h);
+  lua_pushnil(L);  /* mark to separate arguments from string buffer */
+  luaL_buffinit(L, &b);
+  while (*fmt != '\0') {
+    int size, ntoalign;
+    KOption opt = getdetails(&h, totalsize, &fmt, &size, &ntoalign);
+    totalsize += ntoalign + size;
+    while (ntoalign-- > 0)
+     luaL_addchar(&b, LUA_PACKPADBYTE);  /* fill alignment */
+    arg++;
+    switch (opt) {
+      case Kint: {  /* signed integers */
+        lua_Integer n = luaL_checkinteger(L, arg);
+        if (size < SZINT) {  /* need overflow check? */
+          lua_Integer lim = (lua_Integer)1 << ((size * NB) - 1);
+          luaL_argcheck(L, -lim <= n && n < lim, arg, "integer overflow");
+        }
+        packint(&b, (lua_Unsigned)n, h.islittle, size, (n < 0));
+        break;
+      }
+      case Kuint: {  /* unsigned integers */
+        lua_Integer n = luaL_checkinteger(L, arg);
+        if (size < SZINT)  /* need overflow check? */
+          luaL_argcheck(L, (lua_Unsigned)n < ((lua_Unsigned)1 << (size * NB)),
+                           arg, "unsigned overflow");
+        packint(&b, (lua_Unsigned)n, h.islittle, size, 0);
+        break;
+      }
+      case Kfloat: {  /* floating-point options */
+        volatile Ftypes u;
+        char *buff = luaL_prepbuffsize(&b, size);
+        lua_Number n = luaL_checknumber(L, arg);  /* get argument */
+        if (size == sizeof(u.f)) u.f = (float)n;  /* copy it into 'u' */
+        else if (size == sizeof(u.d)) u.d = (double)n;
+        else u.n = n;
+        /* move 'u' to final result, correcting endianness if needed */
+        copywithendian(buff, u.buff, size, h.islittle);
+        luaL_addsize(&b, size);
+        break;
+      }
+      case Kchar: {  /* fixed-size string */
+        size_t len;
+        const char *s = luaL_checklstring(L, arg, &len);
+        if ((size_t)size <= len)  /* string larger than (or equal to) needed? */
+          luaL_addlstring(&b, s, size);  /* truncate string to asked size */
+        else {  /* string smaller than needed */
+          luaL_addlstring(&b, s, len);  /* add it all */
+          while (len++ < (size_t)size)  /* pad extra space */
+            luaL_addchar(&b, LUA_PACKPADBYTE);
+        }
+        break;
+      }
+      case Kstring: {  /* strings with length count */
+        size_t len;
+        const char *s = luaL_checklstring(L, arg, &len);
+        luaL_argcheck(L, size >= (int)sizeof(size_t) ||
+                         len < ((size_t)1 << (size * NB)),
+                         arg, "string length does not fit in given size");
+        packint(&b, (lua_Unsigned)len, h.islittle, size, 0);  /* pack length */
+        luaL_addlstring(&b, s, len);
+        totalsize += len;
+        break;
+      }
+      case Kzstr: {  /* zero-terminated string */
+        size_t len;
+        const char *s = luaL_checklstring(L, arg, &len);
+        luaL_argcheck(L, strlen(s) == len, arg, "string contains zeros");
+        luaL_addlstring(&b, s, len);
+        luaL_addchar(&b, '\0');  /* add zero at the end */
+        totalsize += len + 1;
+        break;
+      }
+      case Kpadding: luaL_addchar(&b, LUA_PACKPADBYTE);  /* FALLTHROUGH */
+      case Kpaddalign: case Knop:
+        arg--;  /* undo increment */
+        break;
+    }
+  }
+  luaL_pushresult(&b);
+  return 1;
+}
+
+
+static int str_packsize (lua_State *L) {
+  Header h;
+  const char *fmt = luaL_checkstring(L, 1);  /* format string */
+  size_t totalsize = 0;  /* accumulate total size of result */
+  initheader(L, &h);
+  while (*fmt != '\0') {
+    int size, ntoalign;
+    KOption opt = getdetails(&h, totalsize, &fmt, &size, &ntoalign);
+    size += ntoalign;  /* total space used by option */
+    luaL_argcheck(L, totalsize <= MAXSIZE - size, 1,
+                     "format result too large");
+    totalsize += size;
+    switch (opt) {
+      case Kstring:  /* strings with length count */
+      case Kzstr:    /* zero-terminated string */
+        luaL_argerror(L, 1, "variable-length format");
+        /* call never return, but to avoid warnings: *//* FALLTHROUGH */
+      default:  break;
+    }
+  }
+  lua_pushinteger(L, (lua_Integer)totalsize);
+  return 1;
+}
+
+
+/*
+** Unpack an integer with 'size' bytes and 'islittle' endianness.
+** If size is smaller than the size of a Lua integer and integer
+** is signed, must do sign extension (propagating the sign to the
+** higher bits); if size is larger than the size of a Lua integer,
+** it must check the unread bytes to see whether they do not cause an
+** overflow.
+*/
+static lua_Integer unpackint (lua_State *L, const char *str,
+                              int islittle, int size, int issigned) {
+  lua_Unsigned res = 0;
+  int i;
+  int limit = (size  <= SZINT) ? size : SZINT;
+  for (i = limit - 1; i >= 0; i--) {
+    res <<= NB;
+    res |= (lua_Unsigned)(unsigned char)str[islittle ? i : size - 1 - i];
+  }
+  if (size < SZINT) {  /* real size smaller than lua_Integer? */
+    if (issigned) {  /* needs sign extension? */
+      lua_Unsigned mask = (lua_Unsigned)1 << (size*NB - 1);
+      res = ((res ^ mask) - mask);  /* do sign extension */
+    }
+  }
+  else if (size > SZINT) {  /* must check unread bytes */
+    int mask = (!issigned || (lua_Integer)res >= 0) ? 0 : MC;
+    for (i = limit; i < size; i++) {
+      if ((unsigned char)str[islittle ? i : size - 1 - i] != mask)
+        luaL_error(L, "%d-byte integer does not fit into Lua Integer", size);
+    }
+  }
+  return (lua_Integer)res;
+}
+
+
+static int str_unpack (lua_State *L) {
+  Header h;
+  const char *fmt = luaL_checkstring(L, 1);
+  size_t ld;
+  const char *data = luaL_checklstring(L, 2, &ld);
+  size_t pos = (size_t)posrelat(luaL_optinteger(L, 3, 1), ld) - 1;
+  int n = 0;  /* number of results */
+  luaL_argcheck(L, pos <= ld, 3, "initial position out of string");
+  initheader(L, &h);
+  while (*fmt != '\0') {
+    int size, ntoalign;
+    KOption opt = getdetails(&h, pos, &fmt, &size, &ntoalign);
+    if ((size_t)ntoalign + size > ~pos || pos + ntoalign + size > ld)
+      luaL_argerror(L, 2, "data string too short");
+    pos += ntoalign;  /* skip alignment */
+    /* stack space for item + next position */
+    luaL_checkstack(L, 2, "too many results");
+    n++;
+    switch (opt) {
+      case Kint:
+      case Kuint: {
+        lua_Integer res = unpackint(L, data + pos, h.islittle, size,
+                                       (opt == Kint));
+        lua_pushinteger(L, res);
+        break;
+      }
+      case Kfloat: {
+        volatile Ftypes u;
+        lua_Number num;
+        copywithendian(u.buff, data + pos, size, h.islittle);
+        if (size == sizeof(u.f)) num = (lua_Number)u.f;
+        else if (size == sizeof(u.d)) num = (lua_Number)u.d;
+        else num = u.n;
+        lua_pushnumber(L, num);
+        break;
+      }
+      case Kchar: {
+        lua_pushlstring(L, data + pos, size);
+        break;
+      }
+      case Kstring: {
+        size_t len = (size_t)unpackint(L, data + pos, h.islittle, size, 0);
+        luaL_argcheck(L, pos + len + size <= ld, 2, "data string too short");
+        lua_pushlstring(L, data + pos + size, len);
+        pos += len;  /* skip string */
+        break;
+      }
+      case Kzstr: {
+        size_t len = (int)strlen(data + pos);
+        lua_pushlstring(L, data + pos, len);
+        pos += len + 1;  /* skip string plus final '\0' */
+        break;
+      }
+      case Kpaddalign: case Kpadding: case Knop:
+        n--;  /* undo increment */
+        break;
+    }
+    pos += size;
+  }
+  lua_pushinteger(L, pos + 1);  /* next position */
+  return n + 1;
+}
+
+/* }====================================================== */
+
+
 static const luaL_Reg strlib[] = {
   {"byte", str_byte},
   {"char", str_char},
@@ -992,6 +1523,9 @@ static const luaL_Reg strlib[] = {
   {"reverse", str_reverse},
   {"sub", str_sub},
   {"upper", str_upper},
+  {"pack", str_pack},
+  {"packsize", str_packsize},
+  {"unpack", str_unpack},
   {NULL, NULL}
 };
 
diff --git a/lua/ltable.c b/lua/ltable.c
index 5d76f97..7e15b71 100644
--- a/lua/ltable.c
+++ b/lua/ltable.c
@@ -1,27 +1,30 @@
 /*
-** $Id: ltable.c,v 2.72.1.1 2013/04/12 18:48:47 roberto Exp $
+** $Id: ltable.c,v 2.117 2015/11/19 19:16:22 roberto Exp $
 ** Lua tables (hash)
 ** See Copyright Notice in lua.h
 */
 
+#define ltable_c
+#define LUA_CORE
+
+#include "lprefix.h"
+
 
 /*
 ** Implementation of tables (aka arrays, objects, or hash tables).
 ** Tables keep its elements in two parts: an array part and a hash part.
 ** Non-negative integer keys are all candidates to be kept in the array
-** part. The actual size of the array is the largest `n' such that at
-** least half the slots between 0 and n are in use.
+** part. The actual size of the array is the largest 'n' such that
+** more than half the slots between 1 and n are in use.
 ** Hash uses a mix of chained scatter table with Brent's variation.
 ** A main invariant of these tables is that, if an element is not
-** in its main position (i.e. the `original' position that its hash gives
+** in its main position (i.e. the 'original' position that its hash gives
 ** to it), then the colliding element is in its own main position.
 ** Hence even when the load factor reaches 100%, performance remains good.
 */
 
-#include <string.h>
-
-#define ltable_c
-#define LUA_CORE
+#include <math.h>
+#include <limits.h>
 
 #include "lua.h"
 
@@ -37,21 +40,26 @@
 
 
 /*
-** max size of array part is 2^MAXBITS
+** Maximum size of array part (MAXASIZE) is 2^MAXABITS. MAXABITS is
+** the largest integer such that MAXASIZE fits in an unsigned int.
 */
-#if LUAI_BITSINT >= 32
-#define MAXBITS		30
-#else
-#define MAXBITS		(LUAI_BITSINT-2)
-#endif
+#define MAXABITS	cast_int(sizeof(int) * CHAR_BIT - 1)
+#define MAXASIZE	(1u << MAXABITS)
 
-#define MAXASIZE	(1 << MAXBITS)
+/*
+** Maximum size of hash part is 2^MAXHBITS. MAXHBITS is the largest
+** integer such that 2^MAXHBITS fits in a signed int. (Note that the
+** maximum number of elements in a table, 2^MAXABITS + 2^MAXHBITS, still
+** fits comfortably in an unsigned int.)
+*/
+#define MAXHBITS	(MAXABITS - 1)
 
 
 #define hashpow2(t,n)		(gnode(t, lmod((n), sizenode(t))))
 
-#define hashstr(t,str)		hashpow2(t, (str)->tsv.hash)
+#define hashstr(t,str)		hashpow2(t, (str)->hash)
 #define hashboolean(t,p)	hashpow2(t, p)
+#define hashint(t,i)		hashpow2(t, i)
 
 
 /*
@@ -61,7 +69,7 @@
 #define hashmod(t,n)	(gnode(t, ((n) % ((sizenode(t)-1)|1))))
 
 
-#define hashpointer(t,p)	hashmod(t, IntPoint(p))
+#define hashpointer(t,p)	hashmod(t, point2uint(p))
 
 
 #define dummynode		(&dummynode_)
@@ -70,44 +78,54 @@
 
 static const Node dummynode_ = {
   {NILCONSTANT},  /* value */
-  {{NILCONSTANT, NULL}}  /* key */
+  {{NILCONSTANT, 0}}  /* key */
 };
 
 
 /*
-** hash for lua_Numbers
+** Hash for floating-point numbers.
+** The main computation should be just
+**     n = frexp(n, &i); return (n * INT_MAX) + i
+** but there are some numerical subtleties.
+** In a two-complement representation, INT_MAX does not has an exact
+** representation as a float, but INT_MIN does; because the absolute
+** value of 'frexp' is smaller than 1 (unless 'n' is inf/NaN), the
+** absolute value of the product 'frexp * -INT_MIN' is smaller or equal
+** to INT_MAX. Next, the use of 'unsigned int' avoids overflows when
+** adding 'i'; the use of '~u' (instead of '-u') avoids problems with
+** INT_MIN.
 */
-static Node *hashnum (const Table *t, lua_Number n) {
+#if !defined(l_hashfloat)
+static int l_hashfloat (lua_Number n) {
   int i;
-  luai_hashnum(i, n);
-  if (i < 0) {
-    if (cast(unsigned int, i) == 0u - i)  /* use unsigned to avoid overflows */
-      i = 0;  /* handle INT_MIN */
-    i = -i;  /* must be a positive value */
+  lua_Integer ni;
+  n = l_mathop(frexp)(n, &i) * -cast_num(INT_MIN);
+  if (!lua_numbertointeger(n, &ni)) {  /* is 'n' inf/-inf/NaN? */
+    lua_assert(luai_numisnan(n) || l_mathop(fabs)(n) == cast_num(HUGE_VAL));
+    return 0;
+  }
+  else {  /* normal case */
+    unsigned int u = cast(unsigned int, i) + cast(unsigned int, ni);
+    return cast_int(u <= cast(unsigned int, INT_MAX) ? u : ~u);
   }
-  return hashmod(t, i);
 }
-
+#endif
 
 
 /*
-** returns the `main' position of an element in a table (that is, the index
+** returns the 'main' position of an element in a table (that is, the index
 ** of its hash value)
 */
 static Node *mainposition (const Table *t, const TValue *key) {
   switch (ttype(key)) {
-    case LUA_TNUMBER:
-      return hashnum(t, nvalue(key));
-    case LUA_TLNGSTR: {
-      TString *s = rawtsvalue(key);
-      if (s->tsv.extra == 0) {  /* no hash? */
-        s->tsv.hash = luaS_hash(getstr(s), s->tsv.len, s->tsv.hash);
-        s->tsv.extra = 1;  /* now it has its hash */
-      }
-      return hashstr(t, rawtsvalue(key));
-    }
+    case LUA_TNUMINT:
+      return hashint(t, ivalue(key));
+    case LUA_TNUMFLT:
+      return hashmod(t, l_hashfloat(fltvalue(key)));
     case LUA_TSHRSTR:
-      return hashstr(t, rawtsvalue(key));
+      return hashstr(t, tsvalue(key));
+    case LUA_TLNGSTR:
+      return hashpow2(t, luaS_hashlongstr(tsvalue(key)));
     case LUA_TBOOLEAN:
       return hashboolean(t, bvalue(key));
     case LUA_TLIGHTUSERDATA:
@@ -115,67 +133,68 @@ static Node *mainposition (const Table *t, const TValue *key) {
     case LUA_TLCF:
       return hashpointer(t, fvalue(key));
     default:
+      lua_assert(!ttisdeadkey(key));
       return hashpointer(t, gcvalue(key));
   }
 }
 
 
 /*
-** returns the index for `key' if `key' is an appropriate key to live in
-** the array part of the table, -1 otherwise.
+** returns the index for 'key' if 'key' is an appropriate key to live in
+** the array part of the table, 0 otherwise.
 */
-static int arrayindex (const TValue *key) {
-  if (ttisnumber(key)) {
-    lua_Number n = nvalue(key);
-    int k;
-    lua_number2int(k, n);
-    if (luai_numeq(cast_num(k), n))
-      return k;
+static unsigned int arrayindex (const TValue *key) {
+  if (ttisinteger(key)) {
+    lua_Integer k = ivalue(key);
+    if (0 < k && (lua_Unsigned)k <= MAXASIZE)
+      return cast(unsigned int, k);  /* 'key' is an appropriate array index */
   }
-  return -1;  /* `key' did not match some condition */
+  return 0;  /* 'key' did not match some condition */
 }
 
 
 /*
-** returns the index of a `key' for table traversals. First goes all
+** returns the index of a 'key' for table traversals. First goes all
 ** elements in the array part, then elements in the hash part. The
-** beginning of a traversal is signaled by -1.
+** beginning of a traversal is signaled by 0.
 */
-static int findindex (lua_State *L, Table *t, StkId key) {
-  int i;
-  if (ttisnil(key)) return -1;  /* first iteration */
+static unsigned int findindex (lua_State *L, Table *t, StkId key) {
+  unsigned int i;
+  if (ttisnil(key)) return 0;  /* first iteration */
   i = arrayindex(key);
-  if (0 < i && i <= t->sizearray)  /* is `key' inside array part? */
-    return i-1;  /* yes; that's the index (corrected to C) */
+  if (i != 0 && i <= t->sizearray)  /* is 'key' inside array part? */
+    return i;  /* yes; that's the index */
   else {
+    int nx;
     Node *n = mainposition(t, key);
-    for (;;) {  /* check whether `key' is somewhere in the chain */
-      /* key may be dead already, but it is ok to use it in `next' */
+    for (;;) {  /* check whether 'key' is somewhere in the chain */
+      /* key may be dead already, but it is ok to use it in 'next' */
       if (luaV_rawequalobj(gkey(n), key) ||
             (ttisdeadkey(gkey(n)) && iscollectable(key) &&
              deadvalue(gkey(n)) == gcvalue(key))) {
         i = cast_int(n - gnode(t, 0));  /* key index in hash table */
         /* hash elements are numbered after array ones */
-        return i + t->sizearray;
+        return (i + 1) + t->sizearray;
       }
-      else n = gnext(n);
-      if (n == NULL)
-        luaG_runerror(L, "invalid key to " LUA_QL("next"));  /* key not found */
+      nx = gnext(n);
+      if (nx == 0)
+        luaG_runerror(L, "invalid key to 'next'");  /* key not found */
+      else n += nx;
     }
   }
 }
 
 
 int luaH_next (lua_State *L, Table *t, StkId key) {
-  int i = findindex(L, t, key);  /* find original element */
-  for (i++; i < t->sizearray; i++) {  /* try first array part */
+  unsigned int i = findindex(L, t, key);  /* find original element */
+  for (; i < t->sizearray; i++) {  /* try first array part */
     if (!ttisnil(&t->array[i])) {  /* a non-nil value? */
-      setnvalue(key, cast_num(i+1));
+      setivalue(key, i + 1);
       setobj2s(L, key+1, &t->array[i]);
       return 1;
     }
   }
-  for (i -= t->sizearray; i < sizenode(t); i++) {  /* then hash part */
+  for (i -= t->sizearray; cast_int(i) < sizenode(t); i++) {  /* hash part */
     if (!ttisnil(gval(gnode(t, i)))) {  /* a non-nil value? */
       setobj2s(L, key, gkey(gnode(t, i)));
       setobj2s(L, key+1, gval(gnode(t, i)));
@@ -192,32 +211,38 @@ int luaH_next (lua_State *L, Table *t, StkId key) {
 ** ==============================================================
 */
 
-
-static int computesizes (int nums[], int *narray) {
+/*
+** Compute the optimal size for the array part of table 't'. 'nums' is a
+** "count array" where 'nums[i]' is the number of integers in the table
+** between 2^(i - 1) + 1 and 2^i. 'pna' enters with the total number of
+** integer keys in the table and leaves with the number of keys that
+** will go to the array part; return the optimal size.
+*/
+static unsigned int computesizes (unsigned int nums[], unsigned int *pna) {
   int i;
-  int twotoi;  /* 2^i */
-  int a = 0;  /* number of elements smaller than 2^i */
-  int na = 0;  /* number of elements to go to array part */
-  int n = 0;  /* optimal size for array part */
-  for (i = 0, twotoi = 1; twotoi/2 < *narray; i++, twotoi *= 2) {
+  unsigned int twotoi;  /* 2^i (candidate for optimal size) */
+  unsigned int a = 0;  /* number of elements smaller than 2^i */
+  unsigned int na = 0;  /* number of elements to go to array part */
+  unsigned int optimal = 0;  /* optimal size for array part */
+  /* loop while keys can fill more than half of total size */
+  for (i = 0, twotoi = 1; *pna > twotoi / 2; i++, twotoi *= 2) {
     if (nums[i] > 0) {
       a += nums[i];
       if (a > twotoi/2) {  /* more than half elements present? */
-        n = twotoi;  /* optimal size (till now) */
-        na = a;  /* all elements smaller than n will go to array part */
+        optimal = twotoi;  /* optimal size (till now) */
+        na = a;  /* all elements up to 'optimal' will go to array part */
       }
     }
-    if (a == *narray) break;  /* all elements already counted */
   }
-  *narray = n;
-  lua_assert(*narray/2 <= na && na <= *narray);
-  return na;
+  lua_assert((optimal == 0 || optimal / 2 < na) && na <= optimal);
+  *pna = na;
+  return optimal;
 }
 
 
-static int countint (const TValue *key, int *nums) {
-  int k = arrayindex(key);
-  if (0 < k && k <= MAXASIZE) {  /* is `key' an appropriate array index? */
+static int countint (const TValue *key, unsigned int *nums) {
+  unsigned int k = arrayindex(key);
+  if (k != 0) {  /* is 'key' an appropriate array index? */
     nums[luaO_ceillog2(k)]++;  /* count as such */
     return 1;
   }
@@ -226,20 +251,26 @@ static int countint (const TValue *key, int *nums) {
 }
 
 
-static int numusearray (const Table *t, int *nums) {
+/*
+** Count keys in array part of table 't': Fill 'nums[i]' with
+** number of keys that will go into corresponding slice and return
+** total number of non-nil keys.
+*/
+static unsigned int numusearray (const Table *t, unsigned int *nums) {
   int lg;
-  int ttlg;  /* 2^lg */
-  int ause = 0;  /* summation of `nums' */
-  int i = 1;  /* count to traverse all array keys */
-  for (lg=0, ttlg=1; lg<=MAXBITS; lg++, ttlg*=2) {  /* for each slice */
-    int lc = 0;  /* counter */
-    int lim = ttlg;
+  unsigned int ttlg;  /* 2^lg */
+  unsigned int ause = 0;  /* summation of 'nums' */
+  unsigned int i = 1;  /* count to traverse all array keys */
+  /* traverse each slice */
+  for (lg = 0, ttlg = 1; lg <= MAXABITS; lg++, ttlg *= 2) {
+    unsigned int lc = 0;  /* counter */
+    unsigned int lim = ttlg;
     if (lim > t->sizearray) {
       lim = t->sizearray;  /* adjust upper limit */
       if (i > lim)
         break;  /* no more elements to count */
     }
-    /* count elements in range (2^(lg-1), 2^lg] */
+    /* count elements in range (2^(lg - 1), 2^lg] */
     for (; i <= lim; i++) {
       if (!ttisnil(&t->array[i-1]))
         lc++;
@@ -251,9 +282,9 @@ static int numusearray (const Table *t, int *nums) {
 }
 
 
-static int numusehash (const Table *t, int *nums, int *pnasize) {
+static int numusehash (const Table *t, unsigned int *nums, unsigned int *pna) {
   int totaluse = 0;  /* total number of elements */
-  int ause = 0;  /* summation of `nums' */
+  int ause = 0;  /* elements added to 'nums' (can go to array part) */
   int i = sizenode(t);
   while (i--) {
     Node *n = &t->node[i];
@@ -262,13 +293,13 @@ static int numusehash (const Table *t, int *nums, int *pnasize) {
       totaluse++;
     }
   }
-  *pnasize += ause;
+  *pna += ause;
   return totaluse;
 }
 
 
-static void setarrayvector (lua_State *L, Table *t, int size) {
-  int i;
+static void setarrayvector (lua_State *L, Table *t, unsigned int size) {
+  unsigned int i;
   luaM_reallocvector(L, t->array, t->sizearray, size, TValue);
   for (i=t->sizearray; i<size; i++)
      setnilvalue(&t->array[i]);
@@ -276,23 +307,23 @@ static void setarrayvector (lua_State *L, Table *t, int size) {
 }
 
 
-static void setnodevector (lua_State *L, Table *t, int size) {
+static void setnodevector (lua_State *L, Table *t, unsigned int size) {
   int lsize;
   if (size == 0) {  /* no elements to hash part? */
-    t->node = cast(Node *, dummynode);  /* use common `dummynode' */
+    t->node = cast(Node *, dummynode);  /* use common 'dummynode' */
     lsize = 0;
   }
   else {
     int i;
     lsize = luaO_ceillog2(size);
-    if (lsize > MAXBITS)
+    if (lsize > MAXHBITS)
       luaG_runerror(L, "table overflow");
     size = twoto(lsize);
     t->node = luaM_newvector(L, size, Node);
-    for (i=0; i<size; i++) {
+    for (i = 0; i < (int)size; i++) {
       Node *n = gnode(t, i);
-      gnext(n) = NULL;
-      setnilvalue(gkey(n));
+      gnext(n) = 0;
+      setnilvalue(wgkey(n));
       setnilvalue(gval(n));
     }
   }
@@ -301,9 +332,11 @@ static void setnodevector (lua_State *L, Table *t, int size) {
 }
 
 
-void luaH_resize (lua_State *L, Table *t, int nasize, int nhsize) {
-  int i;
-  int oldasize = t->sizearray;
+void luaH_resize (lua_State *L, Table *t, unsigned int nasize,
+                                          unsigned int nhsize) {
+  unsigned int i;
+  int j;
+  unsigned int oldasize = t->sizearray;
   int oldhsize = t->lsizenode;
   Node *nold = t->node;  /* save old hash ... */
   if (nasize > oldasize)  /* array part must grow? */
@@ -321,8 +354,8 @@ void luaH_resize (lua_State *L, Table *t, int nasize, int nhsize) {
     luaM_reallocvector(L, t->array, oldasize, nasize, TValue);
   }
   /* re-insert elements from hash part */
-  for (i = twoto(oldhsize) - 1; i >= 0; i--) {
-    Node *old = nold+i;
+  for (j = twoto(oldhsize) - 1; j >= 0; j--) {
+    Node *old = nold + j;
     if (!ttisnil(gval(old))) {
       /* doesn't need barrier/invalidate cache, as entry was
          already present in the table */
@@ -330,32 +363,35 @@ void luaH_resize (lua_State *L, Table *t, int nasize, int nhsize) {
     }
   }
   if (!isdummy(nold))
-    luaM_freearray(L, nold, cast(size_t, twoto(oldhsize))); /* free old array */
+    luaM_freearray(L, nold, cast(size_t, twoto(oldhsize))); /* free old hash */
 }
 
 
-void luaH_resizearray (lua_State *L, Table *t, int nasize) {
+void luaH_resizearray (lua_State *L, Table *t, unsigned int nasize) {
   int nsize = isdummy(t->node) ? 0 : sizenode(t);
   luaH_resize(L, t, nasize, nsize);
 }
 
-
+/*
+** nums[i] = number of keys 'k' where 2^(i - 1) < k <= 2^i
+*/
 static void rehash (lua_State *L, Table *t, const TValue *ek) {
-  int nasize, na;
-  int nums[MAXBITS+1];  /* nums[i] = number of keys with 2^(i-1) < k <= 2^i */
+  unsigned int asize;  /* optimal size for array part */
+  unsigned int na;  /* number of keys in the array part */
+  unsigned int nums[MAXABITS + 1];
   int i;
   int totaluse;
-  for (i=0; i<=MAXBITS; i++) nums[i] = 0;  /* reset counts */
-  nasize = numusearray(t, nums);  /* count keys in array part */
-  totaluse = nasize;  /* all those keys are integer keys */
-  totaluse += numusehash(t, nums, &nasize);  /* count keys in hash part */
+  for (i = 0; i <= MAXABITS; i++) nums[i] = 0;  /* reset counts */
+  na = numusearray(t, nums);  /* count keys in array part */
+  totaluse = na;  /* all those keys are integer keys */
+  totaluse += numusehash(t, nums, &na);  /* count keys in hash part */
   /* count extra key */
-  nasize += countint(ek, nums);
+  na += countint(ek, nums);
   totaluse++;
   /* compute new size for array part */
-  na = computesizes(nums, &nasize);
+  asize = computesizes(nums, &na);
   /* resize the table to new computed sizes */
-  luaH_resize(L, t, nasize, totaluse - na);
+  luaH_resize(L, t, asize, totaluse - na);
 }
 
 
@@ -366,7 +402,8 @@ static void rehash (lua_State *L, Table *t, const TValue *ek) {
 
 
 Table *luaH_new (lua_State *L) {
-  Table *t = &luaC_newobj(L, LUA_TTABLE, sizeof(Table), NULL, 0)->h;
+  GCObject *o = luaC_newobj(L, LUA_TTABLE, sizeof(Table));
+  Table *t = gco2t(o);
   t->metatable = NULL;
   t->flags = cast_byte(~0);
   t->array = NULL;
@@ -404,37 +441,51 @@ static Node *getfreepos (Table *t) {
 */
 TValue *luaH_newkey (lua_State *L, Table *t, const TValue *key) {
   Node *mp;
+  TValue aux;
   if (ttisnil(key)) luaG_runerror(L, "table index is nil");
-  else if (ttisnumber(key) && luai_numisnan(L, nvalue(key)))
-    luaG_runerror(L, "table index is NaN");
+  else if (ttisfloat(key)) {
+    lua_Integer k;
+    if (luaV_tointeger(key, &k, 0)) {  /* index is int? */
+      setivalue(&aux, k);
+      key = &aux;  /* insert it as an integer */
+    }
+    else if (luai_numisnan(fltvalue(key)))
+      luaG_runerror(L, "table index is NaN");
+  }
   mp = mainposition(t, key);
   if (!ttisnil(gval(mp)) || isdummy(mp)) {  /* main position is taken? */
     Node *othern;
-    Node *n = getfreepos(t);  /* get a free place */
-    if (n == NULL) {  /* cannot find a free place? */
+    Node *f = getfreepos(t);  /* get a free place */
+    if (f == NULL) {  /* cannot find a free place? */
       rehash(L, t, key);  /* grow table */
-      /* whatever called 'newkey' take care of TM cache and GC barrier */
+      /* whatever called 'newkey' takes care of TM cache */
       return luaH_set(L, t, key);  /* insert key into grown table */
     }
-    lua_assert(!isdummy(n));
+    lua_assert(!isdummy(f));
     othern = mainposition(t, gkey(mp));
     if (othern != mp) {  /* is colliding node out of its main position? */
       /* yes; move colliding node into free position */
-      while (gnext(othern) != mp) othern = gnext(othern);  /* find previous */
-      gnext(othern) = n;  /* redo the chain with `n' in place of `mp' */
-      *n = *mp;  /* copy colliding node into free pos. (mp->next also goes) */
-      gnext(mp) = NULL;  /* now `mp' is free */
+      while (othern + gnext(othern) != mp)  /* find previous */
+        othern += gnext(othern);
+      gnext(othern) = cast_int(f - othern);  /* rechain to point to 'f' */
+      *f = *mp;  /* copy colliding node into free pos. (mp->next also goes) */
+      if (gnext(mp) != 0) {
+        gnext(f) += cast_int(mp - f);  /* correct 'next' */
+        gnext(mp) = 0;  /* now 'mp' is free */
+      }
       setnilvalue(gval(mp));
     }
     else {  /* colliding node is in its own main position */
       /* new node will go into free position */
-      gnext(n) = gnext(mp);  /* chain new position */
-      gnext(mp) = n;
-      mp = n;
+      if (gnext(mp) != 0)
+        gnext(f) = cast_int((mp + gnext(mp)) - f);  /* chain new position */
+      else lua_assert(gnext(f) == 0);
+      gnext(mp) = cast_int(f - mp);
+      mp = f;
     }
   }
-  setobj2t(L, gkey(mp), key);
-  luaC_barrierback(L, obj2gco(t), key);
+  setnodekey(L, &mp->i_key, key);
+  luaC_barrierback(L, t, key);
   lua_assert(ttisnil(gval(mp)));
   return gval(mp);
 }
@@ -443,18 +494,21 @@ TValue *luaH_newkey (lua_State *L, Table *t, const TValue *key) {
 /*
 ** search function for integers
 */
-const TValue *luaH_getint (Table *t, int key) {
+const TValue *luaH_getint (Table *t, lua_Integer key) {
   /* (1 <= key && key <= t->sizearray) */
-  if (cast(unsigned int, key-1) < cast(unsigned int, t->sizearray))
-    return &t->array[key-1];
+  if (l_castS2U(key) - 1 < t->sizearray)
+    return &t->array[key - 1];
   else {
-    lua_Number nk = cast_num(key);
-    Node *n = hashnum(t, nk);
-    do {  /* check whether `key' is somewhere in the chain */
-      if (ttisnumber(gkey(n)) && luai_numeq(nvalue(gkey(n)), nk))
+    Node *n = hashint(t, key);
+    for (;;) {  /* check whether 'key' is somewhere in the chain */
+      if (ttisinteger(gkey(n)) && ivalue(gkey(n)) == key)
         return gval(n);  /* that's it */
-      else n = gnext(n);
-    } while (n);
+      else {
+        int nx = gnext(n);
+        if (nx == 0) break;
+        n += nx;
+      }
+    }
     return luaO_nilobject;
   }
 }
@@ -463,15 +517,50 @@ const TValue *luaH_getint (Table *t, int key) {
 /*
 ** search function for short strings
 */
-const TValue *luaH_getstr (Table *t, TString *key) {
+const TValue *luaH_getshortstr (Table *t, TString *key) {
   Node *n = hashstr(t, key);
-  lua_assert(key->tsv.tt == LUA_TSHRSTR);
-  do {  /* check whether `key' is somewhere in the chain */
-    if (ttisshrstring(gkey(n)) && eqshrstr(rawtsvalue(gkey(n)), key))
+  lua_assert(key->tt == LUA_TSHRSTR);
+  for (;;) {  /* check whether 'key' is somewhere in the chain */
+    const TValue *k = gkey(n);
+    if (ttisshrstring(k) && eqshrstr(tsvalue(k), key))
+      return gval(n);  /* that's it */
+    else {
+      int nx = gnext(n);
+      if (nx == 0)
+        return luaO_nilobject;  /* not found */
+      n += nx;
+    }
+  }
+}
+
+
+/*
+** "Generic" get version. (Not that generic: not valid for integers,
+** which may be in array part, nor for floats with integral values.)
+*/
+static const TValue *getgeneric (Table *t, const TValue *key) {
+  Node *n = mainposition(t, key);
+  for (;;) {  /* check whether 'key' is somewhere in the chain */
+    if (luaV_rawequalobj(gkey(n), key))
       return gval(n);  /* that's it */
-    else n = gnext(n);
-  } while (n);
-  return luaO_nilobject;
+    else {
+      int nx = gnext(n);
+      if (nx == 0)
+        return luaO_nilobject;  /* not found */
+      n += nx;
+    }
+  }
+}
+
+
+const TValue *luaH_getstr (Table *t, TString *key) {
+  if (key->tt == LUA_TSHRSTR)
+    return luaH_getshortstr(t, key);
+  else {  /* for long strings, use generic case */
+    TValue ko;
+    setsvalue(cast(lua_State *, NULL), &ko, key);
+    return getgeneric(t, &ko);
+  }
 }
 
 
@@ -480,25 +569,17 @@ const TValue *luaH_getstr (Table *t, TString *key) {
 */
 const TValue *luaH_get (Table *t, const TValue *key) {
   switch (ttype(key)) {
-    case LUA_TSHRSTR: return luaH_getstr(t, rawtsvalue(key));
+    case LUA_TSHRSTR: return luaH_getshortstr(t, tsvalue(key));
+    case LUA_TNUMINT: return luaH_getint(t, ivalue(key));
     case LUA_TNIL: return luaO_nilobject;
-    case LUA_TNUMBER: {
-      int k;
-      lua_Number n = nvalue(key);
-      lua_number2int(k, n);
-      if (luai_numeq(cast_num(k), n)) /* index is int? */
+    case LUA_TNUMFLT: {
+      lua_Integer k;
+      if (luaV_tointeger(key, &k, 0)) /* index is int? */
         return luaH_getint(t, k);  /* use specialized version */
-      /* else go through */
-    }
-    default: {
-      Node *n = mainposition(t, key);
-      do {  /* check whether `key' is somewhere in the chain */
-        if (luaV_rawequalobj(gkey(n), key))
-          return gval(n);  /* that's it */
-        else n = gnext(n);
-      } while (n);
-      return luaO_nilobject;
-    }
+      /* else... */
+    }  /* FALLTHROUGH */
+    default:
+      return getgeneric(t, key);
   }
 }
 
@@ -515,14 +596,14 @@ TValue *luaH_set (lua_State *L, Table *t, const TValue *key) {
 }
 
 
-void luaH_setint (lua_State *L, Table *t, int key, TValue *value) {
+void luaH_setint (lua_State *L, Table *t, lua_Integer key, TValue *value) {
   const TValue *p = luaH_getint(t, key);
   TValue *cell;
   if (p != luaO_nilobject)
     cell = cast(TValue *, p);
   else {
     TValue k;
-    setnvalue(&k, cast_num(key));
+    setivalue(&k, key);
     cell = luaH_newkey(L, t, &k);
   }
   setobj2t(L, cell, value);
@@ -532,16 +613,16 @@ void luaH_setint (lua_State *L, Table *t, int key, TValue *value) {
 static int unbound_search (Table *t, unsigned int j) {
   unsigned int i = j;  /* i is zero or a present index */
   j++;
-  /* find `i' and `j' such that i is present and j is not */
+  /* find 'i' and 'j' such that i is present and j is not */
   while (!ttisnil(luaH_getint(t, j))) {
     i = j;
-    j *= 2;
-    if (j > cast(unsigned int, MAX_INT)) {  /* overflow? */
+    if (j > cast(unsigned int, MAX_INT)/2) {  /* overflow? */
       /* table was built with bad purposes: resort to linear search */
       i = 1;
       while (!ttisnil(luaH_getint(t, i))) i++;
       return i - 1;
     }
+    j *= 2;
   }
   /* now do a binary search between them */
   while (j - i > 1) {
@@ -554,7 +635,7 @@ static int unbound_search (Table *t, unsigned int j) {
 
 
 /*
-** Try to find a boundary in table `t'. A `boundary' is an integer index
+** Try to find a boundary in table 't'. A 'boundary' is an integer index
 ** such that t[i] is non-nil and t[i+1] is nil (and 0 if t[1] is nil).
 */
 int luaH_getn (Table *t) {
diff --git a/lua/ltable.h b/lua/ltable.h
index d69449b..213cc13 100644
--- a/lua/ltable.h
+++ b/lua/ltable.h
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
-** $Id: ltable.h,v 2.16.1.2 2013/08/30 15:49:41 roberto Exp $
+** $Id: ltable.h,v 2.21 2015/11/03 15:47:30 roberto Exp $
 ** Lua tables (hash)
 ** See Copyright Notice in lua.h
 */
@@ -11,26 +11,39 @@
 
 
 #define gnode(t,i)	(&(t)->node[i])
-#define gkey(n)		(&(n)->i_key.tvk)
 #define gval(n)		(&(n)->i_val)
 #define gnext(n)	((n)->i_key.nk.next)
 
+
+/* 'const' to avoid wrong writings that can mess up field 'next' */ 
+#define gkey(n)		cast(const TValue*, (&(n)->i_key.tvk))
+
+/*
+** writable version of 'gkey'; allows updates to individual fields,
+** but not to the whole (which has incompatible type)
+*/
+#define wgkey(n)		(&(n)->i_key.nk)
+
 #define invalidateTMcache(t)	((t)->flags = 0)
 
+
 /* returns the key, given the value of a table entry */
 #define keyfromval(v) \
   (gkey(cast(Node *, cast(char *, (v)) - offsetof(Node, i_val))))
 
 
-LUAI_FUNC const TValue *luaH_getint (Table *t, int key);
-LUAI_FUNC void luaH_setint (lua_State *L, Table *t, int key, TValue *value);
+LUAI_FUNC const TValue *luaH_getint (Table *t, lua_Integer key);
+LUAI_FUNC void luaH_setint (lua_State *L, Table *t, lua_Integer key,
+                                                    TValue *value);
+LUAI_FUNC const TValue *luaH_getshortstr (Table *t, TString *key);
 LUAI_FUNC const TValue *luaH_getstr (Table *t, TString *key);
 LUAI_FUNC const TValue *luaH_get (Table *t, const TValue *key);
 LUAI_FUNC TValue *luaH_newkey (lua_State *L, Table *t, const TValue *key);
 LUAI_FUNC TValue *luaH_set (lua_State *L, Table *t, const TValue *key);
 LUAI_FUNC Table *luaH_new (lua_State *L);
-LUAI_FUNC void luaH_resize (lua_State *L, Table *t, int nasize, int nhsize);
-LUAI_FUNC void luaH_resizearray (lua_State *L, Table *t, int nasize);
+LUAI_FUNC void luaH_resize (lua_State *L, Table *t, unsigned int nasize,
+                                                    unsigned int nhsize);
+LUAI_FUNC void luaH_resizearray (lua_State *L, Table *t, unsigned int nasize);
 LUAI_FUNC void luaH_free (lua_State *L, Table *t);
 LUAI_FUNC int luaH_next (lua_State *L, Table *t, StkId key);
 LUAI_FUNC int luaH_getn (Table *t);
diff --git a/lua/ltablib.c b/lua/ltablib.c
index 6001224..b3c9a7c 100644
--- a/lua/ltablib.c
+++ b/lua/ltablib.c
@@ -1,23 +1,61 @@
 /*
-** $Id: ltablib.c,v 1.65.1.1 2013/04/12 18:48:47 roberto Exp $
+** $Id: ltablib.c,v 1.90 2015/11/25 12:48:57 roberto Exp $
 ** Library for Table Manipulation
 ** See Copyright Notice in lua.h
 */
 
-
-#include <stddef.h>
-
 #define ltablib_c
 #define LUA_LIB
 
+#include "lprefix.h"
+
+
+#include <limits.h>
+#include <stddef.h>
+#include <string.h>
+
 #include "lua.h"
 
 #include "lauxlib.h"
 #include "lualib.h"
 
 
-#define aux_getn(L,n)	(luaL_checktype(L, n, LUA_TTABLE), luaL_len(L, n))
+/*
+** Operations that an object must define to mimic a table
+** (some functions only need some of them)
+*/
+#define TAB_R	1			/* read */
+#define TAB_W	2			/* write */
+#define TAB_L	4			/* length */
+#define TAB_RW	(TAB_R | TAB_W)		/* read/write */
+
 
+#define aux_getn(L,n,w)	(checktab(L, n, (w) | TAB_L), luaL_len(L, n))
+
+
+static int checkfield (lua_State *L, const char *key, int n) {
+  lua_pushstring(L, key);
+  return (lua_rawget(L, -n) != LUA_TNIL);
+}
+
+
+/*
+** Check that 'arg' either is a table or can behave like one (that is,
+** has a metatable with the required metamethods)
+*/
+static void checktab (lua_State *L, int arg, int what) {
+  if (lua_type(L, arg) != LUA_TTABLE) {  /* is it not a table? */
+    int n = 1;  /* number of elements to pop */
+    if (lua_getmetatable(L, arg) &&  /* must have metatable */
+        (!(what & TAB_R) || checkfield(L, "__index", ++n)) &&
+        (!(what & TAB_W) || checkfield(L, "__newindex", ++n)) &&
+        (!(what & TAB_L) || checkfield(L, "__len", ++n))) {
+      lua_pop(L, n);  /* pop metatable and tested metamethods */
+    }
+    else
+      luaL_argerror(L, arg, "table expected");  /* force an error */
+  }
+}
 
 
 #if defined(LUA_COMPAT_MAXN)
@@ -39,65 +77,102 @@ static int maxn (lua_State *L) {
 
 
 static int tinsert (lua_State *L) {
-  int e = aux_getn(L, 1) + 1;  /* first empty element */
-  int pos;  /* where to insert new element */
+  lua_Integer e = aux_getn(L, 1, TAB_RW) + 1;  /* first empty element */
+  lua_Integer pos;  /* where to insert new element */
   switch (lua_gettop(L)) {
     case 2: {  /* called with only 2 arguments */
       pos = e;  /* insert new element at the end */
       break;
     }
     case 3: {
-      int i;
-      pos = luaL_checkint(L, 2);  /* 2nd argument is the position */
+      lua_Integer i;
+      pos = luaL_checkinteger(L, 2);  /* 2nd argument is the position */
       luaL_argcheck(L, 1 <= pos && pos <= e, 2, "position out of bounds");
       for (i = e; i > pos; i--) {  /* move up elements */
-        lua_rawgeti(L, 1, i-1);
-        lua_rawseti(L, 1, i);  /* t[i] = t[i-1] */
+        lua_geti(L, 1, i - 1);
+        lua_seti(L, 1, i);  /* t[i] = t[i - 1] */
       }
       break;
     }
     default: {
-      return luaL_error(L, "wrong number of arguments to " LUA_QL("insert"));
+      return luaL_error(L, "wrong number of arguments to 'insert'");
     }
   }
-  lua_rawseti(L, 1, pos);  /* t[pos] = v */
+  lua_seti(L, 1, pos);  /* t[pos] = v */
   return 0;
 }
 
 
 static int tremove (lua_State *L) {
-  int size = aux_getn(L, 1);
-  int pos = luaL_optint(L, 2, size);
+  lua_Integer size = aux_getn(L, 1, TAB_RW);
+  lua_Integer pos = luaL_optinteger(L, 2, size);
   if (pos != size)  /* validate 'pos' if given */
     luaL_argcheck(L, 1 <= pos && pos <= size + 1, 1, "position out of bounds");
-  lua_rawgeti(L, 1, pos);  /* result = t[pos] */
+  lua_geti(L, 1, pos);  /* result = t[pos] */
   for ( ; pos < size; pos++) {
-    lua_rawgeti(L, 1, pos+1);
-    lua_rawseti(L, 1, pos);  /* t[pos] = t[pos+1] */
+    lua_geti(L, 1, pos + 1);
+    lua_seti(L, 1, pos);  /* t[pos] = t[pos + 1] */
   }
   lua_pushnil(L);
-  lua_rawseti(L, 1, pos);  /* t[pos] = nil */
+  lua_seti(L, 1, pos);  /* t[pos] = nil */
   return 1;
 }
 
 
-static void addfield (lua_State *L, luaL_Buffer *b, int i) {
-  lua_rawgeti(L, 1, i);
+/*
+** Copy elements (1[f], ..., 1[e]) into (tt[t], tt[t+1], ...). Whenever
+** possible, copy in increasing order, which is better for rehashing.
+** "possible" means destination after original range, or smaller
+** than origin, or copying to another table.
+*/
+static int tmove (lua_State *L) {
+  lua_Integer f = luaL_checkinteger(L, 2);
+  lua_Integer e = luaL_checkinteger(L, 3);
+  lua_Integer t = luaL_checkinteger(L, 4);
+  int tt = !lua_isnoneornil(L, 5) ? 5 : 1;  /* destination table */
+  checktab(L, 1, TAB_R);
+  checktab(L, tt, TAB_W);
+  if (e >= f) {  /* otherwise, nothing to move */
+    lua_Integer n, i;
+    luaL_argcheck(L, f > 0 || e < LUA_MAXINTEGER + f, 3,
+                  "too many elements to move");
+    n = e - f + 1;  /* number of elements to move */
+    luaL_argcheck(L, t <= LUA_MAXINTEGER - n + 1, 4,
+                  "destination wrap around");
+    if (t > e || t <= f || tt != 1) {
+      for (i = 0; i < n; i++) {
+        lua_geti(L, 1, f + i);
+        lua_seti(L, tt, t + i);
+      }
+    }
+    else {
+      for (i = n - 1; i >= 0; i--) {
+        lua_geti(L, 1, f + i);
+        lua_seti(L, tt, t + i);
+      }
+    }
+  }
+  lua_pushvalue(L, tt);  /* return "to table" */
+  return 1;
+}
+
+
+static void addfield (lua_State *L, luaL_Buffer *b, lua_Integer i) {
+  lua_geti(L, 1, i);
   if (!lua_isstring(L, -1))
-    luaL_error(L, "invalid value (%s) at index %d in table for "
-                  LUA_QL("concat"), luaL_typename(L, -1), i);
+    luaL_error(L, "invalid value (%s) at index %d in table for 'concat'",
+                  luaL_typename(L, -1), i);
   luaL_addvalue(b);
 }
 
 
 static int tconcat (lua_State *L) {
   luaL_Buffer b;
+  lua_Integer last = aux_getn(L, 1, TAB_R);
   size_t lsep;
-  int i, last;
   const char *sep = luaL_optlstring(L, 2, "", &lsep);
-  luaL_checktype(L, 1, LUA_TTABLE);
-  i = luaL_optint(L, 3, 1);
-  last = luaL_opt(L, luaL_checkint, 4, luaL_len(L, 1));
+  lua_Integer i = luaL_optinteger(L, 3, 1);
+  last = luaL_opt(L, luaL_checkinteger, 4, last);
   luaL_buffinit(L, &b);
   for (; i < last; i++) {
     addfield(L, &b, i);
@@ -117,35 +192,31 @@ static int tconcat (lua_State *L) {
 */
 
 static int pack (lua_State *L) {
+  int i;
   int n = lua_gettop(L);  /* number of elements to pack */
   lua_createtable(L, n, 1);  /* create result table */
+  lua_insert(L, 1);  /* put it at index 1 */
+  for (i = n; i >= 1; i--)  /* assign elements */
+    lua_seti(L, 1, i);
   lua_pushinteger(L, n);
-  lua_setfield(L, -2, "n");  /* t.n = number of elements */
-  if (n > 0) {  /* at least one element? */
-    int i;
-    lua_pushvalue(L, 1);
-    lua_rawseti(L, -2, 1);  /* insert first element */
-    lua_replace(L, 1);  /* move table into index 1 */
-    for (i = n; i >= 2; i--)  /* assign other elements */
-      lua_rawseti(L, 1, i);
-  }
+  lua_setfield(L, 1, "n");  /* t.n = number of elements */
   return 1;  /* return table */
 }
 
 
 static int unpack (lua_State *L) {
-  int i, e, n;
-  luaL_checktype(L, 1, LUA_TTABLE);
-  i = luaL_optint(L, 2, 1);
-  e = luaL_opt(L, luaL_checkint, 3, luaL_len(L, 1));
+  lua_Unsigned n;
+  lua_Integer i = luaL_optinteger(L, 2, 1);
+  lua_Integer e = luaL_opt(L, luaL_checkinteger, 3, luaL_len(L, 1));
   if (i > e) return 0;  /* empty range */
-  n = e - i + 1;  /* number of elements */
-  if (n <= 0 || !lua_checkstack(L, n))  /* n <= 0 means arith. overflow */
+  n = (lua_Unsigned)e - i;  /* number of elements minus 1 (avoid overflows) */
+  if (n >= (unsigned int)INT_MAX  || !lua_checkstack(L, (int)(++n)))
     return luaL_error(L, "too many results to unpack");
-  lua_rawgeti(L, 1, i);  /* push arg[i] (avoiding overflow problems) */
-  while (i++ < e)  /* push arg[i + 1...e] */
-    lua_rawgeti(L, 1, i);
-  return n;
+  for (; i < e; i++) {  /* push arg[i..e - 1] (to avoid overflows) */
+    lua_geti(L, 1, i);
+  }
+  lua_geti(L, 1, e);  /* push last element */
+  return (int)n;
 }
 
 /* }====================================================== */
@@ -155,102 +226,196 @@ static int unpack (lua_State *L) {
 /*
 ** {======================================================
 ** Quicksort
-** (based on `Algorithms in MODULA-3', Robert Sedgewick;
+** (based on 'Algorithms in MODULA-3', Robert Sedgewick;
 **  Addison-Wesley, 1993.)
 ** =======================================================
 */
 
 
-static void set2 (lua_State *L, int i, int j) {
-  lua_rawseti(L, 1, i);
-  lua_rawseti(L, 1, j);
+/*
+** Produce a "random" 'unsigned int' to randomize pivot choice. This
+** macro is used only when 'sort' detects a big imbalance in the result
+** of a partition. (If you don't want/need this "randomness", ~0 is a
+** good choice.)
+*/
+#if !defined(l_randomizePivot)		/* { */
+
+#include <time.h>
+
+/* size of 'e' measured in number of 'unsigned int's */
+#define sof(e)		(sizeof(e) / sizeof(unsigned int))
+
+/*
+** Use 'time' and 'clock' as sources of "randomness". Because we don't
+** know the types 'clock_t' and 'time_t', we cannot cast them to
+** anything without risking overflows. A safe way to use their values
+** is to copy them to an array of a known type and use the array values.
+*/
+static unsigned int l_randomizePivot (void) {
+  clock_t c = clock();
+  time_t t = time(NULL);
+  unsigned int buff[sof(c) + sof(t)];
+  unsigned int i, rnd = 0;
+  memcpy(buff, &c, sof(c) * sizeof(unsigned int));
+  memcpy(buff + sof(c), &t, sof(t) * sizeof(unsigned int));
+  for (i = 0; i < sof(buff); i++)
+    rnd += buff[i];
+  return rnd;
 }
 
+#endif					/* } */
+
+
+/* arrays larger than 'RANLIMIT' may use randomized pivots */
+#define RANLIMIT	100u
+
+
+static void set2 (lua_State *L, unsigned int i, unsigned int j) {
+  lua_seti(L, 1, i);
+  lua_seti(L, 1, j);
+}
+
+
+/*
+** Return true iff value at stack index 'a' is less than the value at
+** index 'b' (according to the order of the sort).
+*/
 static int sort_comp (lua_State *L, int a, int b) {
-  if (!lua_isnil(L, 2)) {  /* function? */
+  if (lua_isnil(L, 2))  /* no function? */
+    return lua_compare(L, a, b, LUA_OPLT);  /* a < b */
+  else {  /* function */
     int res;
-    lua_pushvalue(L, 2);
+    lua_pushvalue(L, 2);    /* push function */
     lua_pushvalue(L, a-1);  /* -1 to compensate function */
-    lua_pushvalue(L, b-2);  /* -2 to compensate function and `a' */
-    lua_call(L, 2, 1);
-    res = lua_toboolean(L, -1);
-    lua_pop(L, 1);
+    lua_pushvalue(L, b-2);  /* -2 to compensate function and 'a' */
+    lua_call(L, 2, 1);      /* call function */
+    res = lua_toboolean(L, -1);  /* get result */
+    lua_pop(L, 1);          /* pop result */
     return res;
   }
-  else  /* a < b? */
-    return lua_compare(L, a, b, LUA_OPLT);
 }
 
-static void auxsort (lua_State *L, int l, int u) {
-  while (l < u) {  /* for tail recursion */
-    int i, j;
-    /* sort elements a[l], a[(l+u)/2] and a[u] */
-    lua_rawgeti(L, 1, l);
-    lua_rawgeti(L, 1, u);
-    if (sort_comp(L, -1, -2))  /* a[u] < a[l]? */
-      set2(L, l, u);  /* swap a[l] - a[u] */
+
+/*
+** Does the partition: Pivot P is at the top of the stack.
+** precondition: a[lo] <= P == a[up-1] <= a[up],
+** so it only needs to do the partition from lo + 1 to up - 2.
+** Pos-condition: a[lo .. i - 1] <= a[i] == P <= a[i + 1 .. up]
+** returns 'i'.
+*/
+static unsigned int partition (lua_State *L, unsigned int lo,
+                                             unsigned int up) {
+  unsigned int i = lo;  /* will be incremented before first use */
+  unsigned int j = up - 1;  /* will be decremented before first use */
+  /* loop invariant: a[lo .. i] <= P <= a[j .. up] */
+  for (;;) {
+    /* next loop: repeat ++i while a[i] < P */
+    while (lua_geti(L, 1, ++i), sort_comp(L, -1, -2)) {
+      if (i == up - 1)  /* a[i] < P  but a[up - 1] == P  ?? */
+        luaL_error(L, "invalid order function for sorting");
+      lua_pop(L, 1);  /* remove a[i] */
+    }
+    /* after the loop, a[i] >= P and a[lo .. i - 1] < P */
+    /* next loop: repeat --j while P < a[j] */
+    while (lua_geti(L, 1, --j), sort_comp(L, -3, -1)) {
+      if (j < i)  /* j < i  but  a[j] > P ?? */
+        luaL_error(L, "invalid order function for sorting");
+      lua_pop(L, 1);  /* remove a[j] */
+    }
+    /* after the loop, a[j] <= P and a[j + 1 .. up] >= P */
+    if (j < i) {  /* no elements out of place? */
+      /* a[lo .. i - 1] <= P <= a[j + 1 .. i .. up] */
+      lua_pop(L, 1);  /* pop a[j] */
+      /* swap pivot (a[up - 1]) with a[i] to satisfy pos-condition */
+      set2(L, up - 1, i);
+      return i;
+    }
+    /* otherwise, swap a[i] - a[j] to restore invariant and repeat */
+    set2(L, i, j);
+  }
+}
+
+
+/*
+** Choose an element in the middle (2nd-3th quarters) of [lo,up]
+** "randomized" by 'rnd'
+*/
+static unsigned int choosePivot (unsigned int lo, unsigned int up,
+                                 unsigned int rnd) {
+  unsigned int r4 = (unsigned int)(up - lo) / 4u;  /* range/4 */
+  unsigned int p = rnd % (r4 * 2) + (lo + r4);
+  lua_assert(lo + r4 <= p && p <= up - r4);
+  return p;
+}
+
+
+/*
+** QuickSort algorithm (recursive function)
+*/
+static void auxsort (lua_State *L, unsigned int lo, unsigned int up,
+                                   unsigned int rnd) {
+  while (lo < up) {  /* loop for tail recursion */
+    unsigned int p;  /* Pivot index */
+    unsigned int n;  /* to be used later */
+    /* sort elements 'lo', 'p', and 'up' */
+    lua_geti(L, 1, lo);
+    lua_geti(L, 1, up);
+    if (sort_comp(L, -1, -2))  /* a[up] < a[lo]? */
+      set2(L, lo, up);  /* swap a[lo] - a[up] */
     else
-      lua_pop(L, 2);
-    if (u-l == 1) break;  /* only 2 elements */
-    i = (l+u)/2;
-    lua_rawgeti(L, 1, i);
-    lua_rawgeti(L, 1, l);
-    if (sort_comp(L, -2, -1))  /* a[i]<a[l]? */
-      set2(L, i, l);
+      lua_pop(L, 2);  /* remove both values */
+    if (up - lo == 1)  /* only 2 elements? */
+      return;  /* already sorted */
+    if (up - lo < RANLIMIT || rnd == 0)  /* small interval or no randomize? */
+      p = (lo + up)/2;  /* middle element is a good pivot */
+    else  /* for larger intervals, it is worth a random pivot */
+      p = choosePivot(lo, up, rnd);
+    lua_geti(L, 1, p);
+    lua_geti(L, 1, lo);
+    if (sort_comp(L, -2, -1))  /* a[p] < a[lo]? */
+      set2(L, p, lo);  /* swap a[p] - a[lo] */
     else {
-      lua_pop(L, 1);  /* remove a[l] */
-      lua_rawgeti(L, 1, u);
-      if (sort_comp(L, -1, -2))  /* a[u]<a[i]? */
-        set2(L, i, u);
+      lua_pop(L, 1);  /* remove a[lo] */
+      lua_geti(L, 1, up);
+      if (sort_comp(L, -1, -2))  /* a[up] < a[p]? */
+        set2(L, p, up);  /* swap a[up] - a[p] */
       else
         lua_pop(L, 2);
     }
-    if (u-l == 2) break;  /* only 3 elements */
-    lua_rawgeti(L, 1, i);  /* Pivot */
-    lua_pushvalue(L, -1);
-    lua_rawgeti(L, 1, u-1);
-    set2(L, i, u-1);
-    /* a[l] <= P == a[u-1] <= a[u], only need to sort from l+1 to u-2 */
-    i = l; j = u-1;
-    for (;;) {  /* invariant: a[l..i] <= P <= a[j..u] */
-      /* repeat ++i until a[i] >= P */
-      while (lua_rawgeti(L, 1, ++i), sort_comp(L, -1, -2)) {
-        if (i>=u) luaL_error(L, "invalid order function for sorting");
-        lua_pop(L, 1);  /* remove a[i] */
-      }
-      /* repeat --j until a[j] <= P */
-      while (lua_rawgeti(L, 1, --j), sort_comp(L, -3, -1)) {
-        if (j<=l) luaL_error(L, "invalid order function for sorting");
-        lua_pop(L, 1);  /* remove a[j] */
-      }
-      if (j<i) {
-        lua_pop(L, 3);  /* pop pivot, a[i], a[j] */
-        break;
-      }
-      set2(L, i, j);
-    }
-    lua_rawgeti(L, 1, u-1);
-    lua_rawgeti(L, 1, i);
-    set2(L, u-1, i);  /* swap pivot (a[u-1]) with a[i] */
-    /* a[l..i-1] <= a[i] == P <= a[i+1..u] */
-    /* adjust so that smaller half is in [j..i] and larger one in [l..u] */
-    if (i-l < u-i) {
-      j=l; i=i-1; l=i+2;
+    if (up - lo == 2)  /* only 3 elements? */
+      return;  /* already sorted */
+    lua_geti(L, 1, p);  /* get middle element (Pivot) */
+    lua_pushvalue(L, -1);  /* push Pivot */
+    lua_geti(L, 1, up - 1);  /* push a[up - 1] */
+    set2(L, p, up - 1);  /* swap Pivot (a[p]) with a[up - 1] */
+    p = partition(L, lo, up);
+    /* a[lo .. p - 1] <= a[p] == P <= a[p + 1 .. up] */
+    if (p - lo < up - p) {  /* lower interval is smaller? */
+      auxsort(L, lo, p - 1, rnd);  /* call recursively for lower interval */
+      n = p - lo;  /* size of smaller interval */
+      lo = p + 1;  /* tail call for [p + 1 .. up] (upper interval) */
     }
     else {
-      j=i+1; i=u; u=j-2;
+      auxsort(L, p + 1, up, rnd);  /* call recursively for upper interval */
+      n = up - p;  /* size of smaller interval */
+      up = p - 1;  /* tail call for [lo .. p - 1]  (lower interval) */
     }
-    auxsort(L, j, i);  /* call recursively the smaller one */
-  }  /* repeat the routine for the larger one */
+    if ((up - lo) / 128u > n) /* partition too imbalanced? */
+      rnd = l_randomizePivot();  /* try a new randomization */
+  }  /* tail call auxsort(L, lo, up, rnd) */
 }
 
+
 static int sort (lua_State *L) {
-  int n = aux_getn(L, 1);
-  luaL_checkstack(L, 40, "");  /* assume array is smaller than 2^40 */
-  if (!lua_isnoneornil(L, 2))  /* is there a 2nd argument? */
-    luaL_checktype(L, 2, LUA_TFUNCTION);
-  lua_settop(L, 2);  /* make sure there is two arguments */
-  auxsort(L, 1, n);
+  lua_Integer n = aux_getn(L, 1, TAB_RW);
+  if (n > 1) {  /* non-trivial interval? */
+    luaL_argcheck(L, n < INT_MAX, 1, "array too big");
+    luaL_checkstack(L, 40, "");  /* assume array is smaller than 2^40 */
+    if (!lua_isnoneornil(L, 2))  /* is there a 2nd argument? */
+      luaL_checktype(L, 2, LUA_TFUNCTION);  /* must be a function */
+    lua_settop(L, 2);  /* make sure there are two arguments */
+    auxsort(L, 1, (unsigned int)n, 0u);
+  }
   return 0;
 }
 
@@ -266,6 +431,7 @@ static const luaL_Reg tab_funcs[] = {
   {"pack", pack},
   {"unpack", unpack},
   {"remove", tremove},
+  {"move", tmove},
   {"sort", sort},
   {NULL, NULL}
 };
diff --git a/lua/ltm.c b/lua/ltm.c
index 69b4ed7..22b4df3 100644
--- a/lua/ltm.c
+++ b/lua/ltm.c
@@ -1,22 +1,27 @@
 /*
-** $Id: ltm.c,v 2.14.1.1 2013/04/12 18:48:47 roberto Exp $
+** $Id: ltm.c,v 2.36 2015/11/03 15:47:30 roberto Exp $
 ** Tag methods
 ** See Copyright Notice in lua.h
 */
 
-
-#include <string.h>
-
 #define ltm_c
 #define LUA_CORE
 
+#include "lprefix.h"
+
+
+#include <string.h>
+
 #include "lua.h"
 
+#include "ldebug.h"
+#include "ldo.h" 
 #include "lobject.h"
 #include "lstate.h"
 #include "lstring.h"
 #include "ltable.h"
 #include "ltm.h"
+#include "lvm.h"
 
 
 static const char udatatypename[] = "userdata";
@@ -25,7 +30,7 @@ LUAI_DDEF const char *const luaT_typenames_[LUA_TOTALTAGS] = {
   "no value",
   "nil", "boolean", udatatypename, "number",
   "string", "table", "function", udatatypename, "thread",
-  "proto", "upval"  /* these last two cases are used for tests only */
+  "proto" /* this last case is used for tests only */
 };
 
 
@@ -33,14 +38,16 @@ void luaT_init (lua_State *L) {
   static const char *const luaT_eventname[] = {  /* ORDER TM */
     "__index", "__newindex",
     "__gc", "__mode", "__len", "__eq",
-    "__add", "__sub", "__mul", "__div", "__mod",
-    "__pow", "__unm", "__lt", "__le",
+    "__add", "__sub", "__mul", "__mod", "__pow",
+    "__div", "__idiv",
+    "__band", "__bor", "__bxor", "__shl", "__shr",
+    "__unm", "__bnot", "__lt", "__le",
     "__concat", "__call"
   };
   int i;
   for (i=0; i<TM_N; i++) {
     G(L)->tmname[i] = luaS_new(L, luaT_eventname[i]);
-    luaS_fix(G(L)->tmname[i]);  /* never collect these names */
+    luaC_fix(L, obj2gco(G(L)->tmname[i]));  /* never collect these names */
   }
 }
 
@@ -50,7 +57,7 @@ void luaT_init (lua_State *L) {
 ** tag methods
 */
 const TValue *luaT_gettm (Table *events, TMS event, TString *ename) {
-  const TValue *tm = luaH_getstr(events, ename);
+  const TValue *tm = luaH_getshortstr(events, ename);
   lua_assert(event <= TM_EQ);
   if (ttisnil(tm)) {  /* no tag method? */
     events->flags |= cast_byte(1u<<event);  /* cache this fact */
@@ -62,7 +69,7 @@ const TValue *luaT_gettm (Table *events, TMS event, TString *ename) {
 
 const TValue *luaT_gettmbyobj (lua_State *L, const TValue *o, TMS event) {
   Table *mt;
-  switch (ttypenv(o)) {
+  switch (ttnov(o)) {
     case LUA_TTABLE:
       mt = hvalue(o)->metatable;
       break;
@@ -70,8 +77,73 @@ const TValue *luaT_gettmbyobj (lua_State *L, const TValue *o, TMS event) {
       mt = uvalue(o)->metatable;
       break;
     default:
-      mt = G(L)->mt[ttypenv(o)];
+      mt = G(L)->mt[ttnov(o)];
+  }
+  return (mt ? luaH_getshortstr(mt, G(L)->tmname[event]) : luaO_nilobject);
+}
+
+
+void luaT_callTM (lua_State *L, const TValue *f, const TValue *p1,
+                  const TValue *p2, TValue *p3, int hasres) {
+  ptrdiff_t result = savestack(L, p3);
+  StkId func = L->top;
+  setobj2s(L, func, f);  /* push function (assume EXTRA_STACK) */
+  setobj2s(L, func + 1, p1);  /* 1st argument */
+  setobj2s(L, func + 2, p2);  /* 2nd argument */
+  L->top += 3;
+  if (!hasres)  /* no result? 'p3' is third argument */
+    setobj2s(L, L->top++, p3);  /* 3rd argument */
+  /* metamethod may yield only when called from Lua code */
+  if (isLua(L->ci))
+    luaD_call(L, func, hasres);
+  else
+    luaD_callnoyield(L, func, hasres);
+  if (hasres) {  /* if has result, move it to its place */
+    p3 = restorestack(L, result);
+    setobjs2s(L, p3, --L->top);
   }
-  return (mt ? luaH_getstr(mt, G(L)->tmname[event]) : luaO_nilobject);
+}
+
+
+int luaT_callbinTM (lua_State *L, const TValue *p1, const TValue *p2,
+                    StkId res, TMS event) {
+  const TValue *tm = luaT_gettmbyobj(L, p1, event);  /* try first operand */
+  if (ttisnil(tm))
+    tm = luaT_gettmbyobj(L, p2, event);  /* try second operand */
+  if (ttisnil(tm)) return 0;
+  luaT_callTM(L, tm, p1, p2, res, 1);
+  return 1;
+}
+
+
+void luaT_trybinTM (lua_State *L, const TValue *p1, const TValue *p2,
+                    StkId res, TMS event) {
+  if (!luaT_callbinTM(L, p1, p2, res, event)) {
+    switch (event) {
+      case TM_CONCAT:
+        luaG_concaterror(L, p1, p2);
+      /* call never returns, but to avoid warnings: *//* FALLTHROUGH */
+      case TM_BAND: case TM_BOR: case TM_BXOR:
+      case TM_SHL: case TM_SHR: case TM_BNOT: {
+        lua_Number dummy;
+        if (tonumber(p1, &dummy) && tonumber(p2, &dummy))
+          luaG_tointerror(L, p1, p2);
+        else
+          luaG_opinterror(L, p1, p2, "perform bitwise operation on");
+      }
+      /* calls never return, but to avoid warnings: *//* FALLTHROUGH */
+      default:
+        luaG_opinterror(L, p1, p2, "perform arithmetic on");
+    }
+  }
+}
+
+
+int luaT_callorderTM (lua_State *L, const TValue *p1, const TValue *p2,
+                      TMS event) {
+  if (!luaT_callbinTM(L, p1, p2, L->top, event))
+    return -1;  /* no metamethod */
+  else
+    return !l_isfalse(L->top);
 }
 
diff --git a/lua/ltm.h b/lua/ltm.h
index 7f89c84..180179c 100644
--- a/lua/ltm.h
+++ b/lua/ltm.h
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
-** $Id: ltm.h,v 2.11.1.1 2013/04/12 18:48:47 roberto Exp $
+** $Id: ltm.h,v 2.21 2014/10/25 11:50:46 roberto Exp $
 ** Tag methods
 ** See Copyright Notice in lua.h
 */
@@ -13,7 +13,7 @@
 
 /*
 * WARNING: if you change the order of this enumeration,
-* grep "ORDER TM"
+* grep "ORDER TM" and "ORDER OP"
 */
 typedef enum {
   TM_INDEX,
@@ -21,14 +21,21 @@ typedef enum {
   TM_GC,
   TM_MODE,
   TM_LEN,
-  TM_EQ,  /* last tag method with `fast' access */
+  TM_EQ,  /* last tag method with fast access */
   TM_ADD,
   TM_SUB,
   TM_MUL,
-  TM_DIV,
   TM_MOD,
   TM_POW,
+  TM_DIV,
+  TM_IDIV,
+  TM_BAND,
+  TM_BOR,
+  TM_BXOR,
+  TM_SHL,
+  TM_SHR,
   TM_UNM,
+  TM_BNOT,
   TM_LT,
   TM_LE,
   TM_CONCAT,
@@ -44,7 +51,7 @@ typedef enum {
 #define fasttm(l,et,e)	gfasttm(G(l), et, e)
 
 #define ttypename(x)	luaT_typenames_[(x) + 1]
-#define objtypename(x)	ttypename(ttypenv(x))
+#define objtypename(x)	ttypename(ttnov(x))
 
 LUAI_DDEC const char *const luaT_typenames_[LUA_TOTALTAGS];
 
@@ -54,4 +61,15 @@ LUAI_FUNC const TValue *luaT_gettmbyobj (lua_State *L, const TValue *o,
                                                        TMS event);
 LUAI_FUNC void luaT_init (lua_State *L);
 
+LUAI_FUNC void luaT_callTM (lua_State *L, const TValue *f, const TValue *p1,
+                            const TValue *p2, TValue *p3, int hasres);
+LUAI_FUNC int luaT_callbinTM (lua_State *L, const TValue *p1, const TValue *p2,
+                              StkId res, TMS event);
+LUAI_FUNC void luaT_trybinTM (lua_State *L, const TValue *p1, const TValue *p2,
+                              StkId res, TMS event);
+LUAI_FUNC int luaT_callorderTM (lua_State *L, const TValue *p1,
+                                const TValue *p2, TMS event);
+
+
+
 #endif
diff --git a/lua/lua.c b/lua/lua.c
index 4345e55..545d23d 100644
--- a/lua/lua.c
+++ b/lua/lua.c
@@ -1,17 +1,19 @@
 /*
-** $Id: lua.c,v 1.206.1.1 2013/04/12 18:48:47 roberto Exp $
+** $Id: lua.c,v 1.226 2015/08/14 19:11:20 roberto Exp $
 ** Lua stand-alone interpreter
 ** See Copyright Notice in lua.h
 */
 
+#define lua_c
+
+#include "lprefix.h"
+
 
 #include <signal.h>
 #include <stdio.h>
 #include <stdlib.h>
 #include <string.h>
 
-#define lua_c
-
 #include "lua.h"
 
 #include "lauxlib.h"
@@ -31,28 +33,38 @@
 #define LUA_MAXINPUT		512
 #endif
 
-#if !defined(LUA_INIT)
-#define LUA_INIT		"LUA_INIT"
+#if !defined(LUA_INIT_VAR)
+#define LUA_INIT_VAR		"LUA_INIT"
 #endif
 
-#define LUA_INITVERSION  \
-	LUA_INIT "_" LUA_VERSION_MAJOR "_" LUA_VERSION_MINOR
+#define LUA_INITVARVERSION  \
+	LUA_INIT_VAR "_" LUA_VERSION_MAJOR "_" LUA_VERSION_MINOR
 
 
 /*
 ** lua_stdin_is_tty detects whether the standard input is a 'tty' (that
 ** is, whether we're running lua interactively).
 */
-#if defined(LUA_USE_ISATTY)
+#if !defined(lua_stdin_is_tty)	/* { */
+
+#if defined(LUA_USE_POSIX)	/* { */
+
 #include <unistd.h>
 #define lua_stdin_is_tty()	isatty(0)
-#elif defined(LUA_WIN)
+
+#elif defined(LUA_USE_WINDOWS)	/* }{ */
+
 #include <io.h>
-#include <stdio.h>
 #define lua_stdin_is_tty()	_isatty(_fileno(stdin))
-#else
+
+#else				/* }{ */
+
+/* ISO C definition */
 #define lua_stdin_is_tty()	1  /* assume stdin is a tty */
-#endif
+
+#endif				/* } */
+
+#endif				/* } */
 
 
 /*
@@ -61,26 +73,27 @@
 ** lua_saveline defines how to "save" a read line in a "history".
 ** lua_freeline defines how to free a line read by lua_readline.
 */
-#if defined(LUA_USE_READLINE)
+#if !defined(lua_readline)	/* { */
+
+#if defined(LUA_USE_READLINE)	/* { */
 
-#include <stdio.h>
 #include <readline/readline.h>
 #include <readline/history.h>
 #define lua_readline(L,b,p)	((void)L, ((b)=readline(p)) != NULL)
-#define lua_saveline(L,idx) \
-        if (lua_rawlen(L,idx) > 0)  /* non-empty line? */ \
-          add_history(lua_tostring(L, idx));  /* add it to history */
+#define lua_saveline(L,line)	((void)L, add_history(line))
 #define lua_freeline(L,b)	((void)L, free(b))
 
-#elif !defined(lua_readline)
+#else				/* }{ */
 
 #define lua_readline(L,b,p) \
         ((void)L, fputs(p, stdout), fflush(stdout),  /* show prompt */ \
         fgets(b, LUA_MAXINPUT, stdin) != NULL)  /* get line */
-#define lua_saveline(L,idx)	{ (void)L; (void)idx; }
+#define lua_saveline(L,line)	{ (void)L; (void)line; }
 #define lua_freeline(L,b)	{ (void)L; (void)b; }
 
-#endif
+#endif				/* } */
+
+#endif				/* } */
 
 
 
@@ -90,33 +103,40 @@ static lua_State *globalL = NULL;
 static const char *progname = LUA_PROGNAME;
 
 
-
+/*
+** Hook set by signal function to stop the interpreter.
+*/
 static void lstop (lua_State *L, lua_Debug *ar) {
   (void)ar;  /* unused arg. */
-  lua_sethook(L, NULL, 0, 0);
+  lua_sethook(L, NULL, 0, 0);  /* reset hook */
   luaL_error(L, "interrupted!");
 }
 
 
+/*
+** Function to be called at a C signal. Because a C signal cannot
+** just change a Lua state (as there is no proper synchronization),
+** this function only sets a hook that, when called, will stop the
+** interpreter.
+*/
 static void laction (int i) {
-  signal(i, SIG_DFL); /* if another SIGINT happens before lstop,
-                              terminate process (default action) */
+  signal(i, SIG_DFL); /* if another SIGINT happens, terminate process */
   lua_sethook(globalL, lstop, LUA_MASKCALL | LUA_MASKRET | LUA_MASKCOUNT, 1);
 }
 
 
 static void print_usage (const char *badoption) {
-  luai_writestringerror("%s: ", progname);
+  lua_writestringerror("%s: ", progname);
   if (badoption[1] == 'e' || badoption[1] == 'l')
-    luai_writestringerror("'%s' needs argument\n", badoption);
+    lua_writestringerror("'%s' needs argument\n", badoption);
   else
-    luai_writestringerror("unrecognized option '%s'\n", badoption);
-  luai_writestringerror(
+    lua_writestringerror("unrecognized option '%s'\n", badoption);
+  lua_writestringerror(
   "usage: %s [options] [script [args]]\n"
   "Available options are:\n"
-  "  -e stat  execute string " LUA_QL("stat") "\n"
-  "  -i       enter interactive mode after executing " LUA_QL("script") "\n"
-  "  -l name  require library " LUA_QL("name") "\n"
+  "  -e stat  execute string 'stat'\n"
+  "  -i       enter interactive mode after executing 'script'\n"
+  "  -l name  require library 'name'\n"
   "  -v       show version information\n"
   "  -E       ignore environment variables\n"
   "  --       stop handling options\n"
@@ -126,101 +146,114 @@ static void print_usage (const char *badoption) {
 }
 
 
+/*
+** Prints an error message, adding the program name in front of it
+** (if present)
+*/
 static void l_message (const char *pname, const char *msg) {
-  if (pname) luai_writestringerror("%s: ", pname);
-  luai_writestringerror("%s\n", msg);
+  if (pname) lua_writestringerror("%s: ", pname);
+  lua_writestringerror("%s\n", msg);
 }
 
 
+/*
+** Check whether 'status' is not OK and, if so, prints the error
+** message on the top of the stack. It assumes that the error object
+** is a string, as it was either generated by Lua or by 'msghandler'.
+*/
 static int report (lua_State *L, int status) {
-  if (status != LUA_OK && !lua_isnil(L, -1)) {
+  if (status != LUA_OK) {
     const char *msg = lua_tostring(L, -1);
-    if (msg == NULL) msg = "(error object is not a string)";
     l_message(progname, msg);
-    lua_pop(L, 1);
-    /* force a complete garbage collection in case of errors */
-    lua_gc(L, LUA_GCCOLLECT, 0);
+    lua_pop(L, 1);  /* remove message */
   }
   return status;
 }
 
 
-/* the next function is called unprotected, so it must avoid errors */
-static void finalreport (lua_State *L, int status) {
-  if (status != LUA_OK) {
-    const char *msg = (lua_type(L, -1) == LUA_TSTRING) ? lua_tostring(L, -1)
-                                                       : NULL;
-    if (msg == NULL) msg = "(error object is not a string)";
-    l_message(progname, msg);
-    lua_pop(L, 1);
-  }
-}
-
-
-static int traceback (lua_State *L) {
+/*
+** Message handler used to run all chunks
+*/
+static int msghandler (lua_State *L) {
   const char *msg = lua_tostring(L, 1);
-  if (msg)
-    luaL_traceback(L, L, msg, 1);
-  else if (!lua_isnoneornil(L, 1)) {  /* is there an error object? */
-    if (!luaL_callmeta(L, 1, "__tostring"))  /* try its 'tostring' metamethod */
-      lua_pushliteral(L, "(no error message)");
+  if (msg == NULL) {  /* is error object not a string? */
+    if (luaL_callmeta(L, 1, "__tostring") &&  /* does it have a metamethod */
+        lua_type(L, -1) == LUA_TSTRING)  /* that produces a string? */
+      return 1;  /* that is the message */
+    else
+      msg = lua_pushfstring(L, "(error object is a %s value)",
+                               luaL_typename(L, 1));
   }
-  return 1;
+  luaL_traceback(L, L, msg, 1);  /* append a standard traceback */
+  return 1;  /* return the traceback */
 }
 
 
+/*
+** Interface to 'lua_pcall', which sets appropriate message function
+** and C-signal handler. Used to run all chunks.
+*/
 static int docall (lua_State *L, int narg, int nres) {
   int status;
   int base = lua_gettop(L) - narg;  /* function index */
-  lua_pushcfunction(L, traceback);  /* push traceback function */
-  lua_insert(L, base);  /* put it under chunk and args */
+  lua_pushcfunction(L, msghandler);  /* push message handler */
+  lua_insert(L, base);  /* put it under function and args */
   globalL = L;  /* to be available to 'laction' */
-  signal(SIGINT, laction);
+  signal(SIGINT, laction);  /* set C-signal handler */
   status = lua_pcall(L, narg, nres, base);
-  signal(SIGINT, SIG_DFL);
-  lua_remove(L, base);  /* remove traceback function */
+  signal(SIGINT, SIG_DFL); /* reset C-signal handler */
+  lua_remove(L, base);  /* remove message handler from the stack */
   return status;
 }
 
 
 static void print_version (void) {
-  luai_writestring(LUA_COPYRIGHT, strlen(LUA_COPYRIGHT));
-  luai_writeline();
+  lua_writestring(LUA_COPYRIGHT, strlen(LUA_COPYRIGHT));
+  lua_writeline();
 }
 
 
-static int getargs (lua_State *L, char **argv, int n) {
-  int narg;
-  int i;
-  int argc = 0;
-  while (argv[argc]) argc++;  /* count total number of arguments */
-  narg = argc - (n + 1);  /* number of arguments to the script */
-  luaL_checkstack(L, narg + 3, "too many arguments to script");
-  for (i=n+1; i < argc; i++)
-    lua_pushstring(L, argv[i]);
-  lua_createtable(L, narg, n + 1);
-  for (i=0; i < argc; i++) {
+/*
+** Create the 'arg' table, which stores all arguments from the
+** command line ('argv'). It should be aligned so that, at index 0,
+** it has 'argv[script]', which is the script name. The arguments
+** to the script (everything after 'script') go to positive indices;
+** other arguments (before the script name) go to negative indices.
+** If there is no script name, assume interpreter's name as base.
+*/
+static void createargtable (lua_State *L, char **argv, int argc, int script) {
+  int i, narg;
+  if (script == argc) script = 0;  /* no script name? */
+  narg = argc - (script + 1);  /* number of positive indices */
+  lua_createtable(L, narg, script + 1);
+  for (i = 0; i < argc; i++) {
     lua_pushstring(L, argv[i]);
-    lua_rawseti(L, -2, i - n);
+    lua_rawseti(L, -2, i - script);
   }
-  return narg;
+  lua_setglobal(L, "arg");
 }
 
 
-static int dofile (lua_State *L, const char *name) {
-  int status = luaL_loadfile(L, name);
+static int dochunk (lua_State *L, int status) {
   if (status == LUA_OK) status = docall(L, 0, 0);
   return report(L, status);
 }
 
 
+static int dofile (lua_State *L, const char *name) {
+  return dochunk(L, luaL_loadfile(L, name));
+}
+
+
 static int dostring (lua_State *L, const char *s, const char *name) {
-  int status = luaL_loadbuffer(L, s, strlen(s), name);
-  if (status == LUA_OK) status = docall(L, 0, 0);
-  return report(L, status);
+  return dochunk(L, luaL_loadbuffer(L, s, strlen(s), name));
 }
 
 
+/*
+** Calls 'require(name)' and stores the result in a global variable
+** with the given name.
+*/
 static int dolibrary (lua_State *L, const char *name) {
   int status;
   lua_getglobal(L, "require");
@@ -232,6 +265,9 @@ static int dolibrary (lua_State *L, const char *name) {
 }
 
 
+/*
+** Returns the string to be used as a prompt by the interpreter.
+*/
 static const char *get_prompt (lua_State *L, int firstline) {
   const char *p;
   lua_getglobal(L, firstline ? "_PROMPT" : "_PROMPT2");
@@ -244,6 +280,12 @@ static const char *get_prompt (lua_State *L, int firstline) {
 #define EOFMARK		"<eof>"
 #define marklen		(sizeof(EOFMARK)/sizeof(char) - 1)
 
+
+/*
+** Check whether 'status' signals a syntax error and the error
+** message at the top of the stack ends with the above mark for
+** incomplete statements.
+*/
 static int incomplete (lua_State *L, int status) {
   if (status == LUA_ERRSYNTAX) {
     size_t lmsg;
@@ -257,163 +299,230 @@ static int incomplete (lua_State *L, int status) {
 }
 
 
+/*
+** Prompt the user, read a line, and push it into the Lua stack.
+*/
 static int pushline (lua_State *L, int firstline) {
   char buffer[LUA_MAXINPUT];
   char *b = buffer;
   size_t l;
   const char *prmt = get_prompt(L, firstline);
   int readstatus = lua_readline(L, b, prmt);
-  lua_pop(L, 1);  /* remove result from 'get_prompt' */
   if (readstatus == 0)
-    return 0;  /* no input */
+    return 0;  /* no input (prompt will be popped by caller) */
+  lua_pop(L, 1);  /* remove prompt */
   l = strlen(b);
   if (l > 0 && b[l-1] == '\n')  /* line ends with newline? */
-    b[l-1] = '\0';  /* remove it */
-  if (firstline && b[0] == '=')  /* first line starts with `=' ? */
-    lua_pushfstring(L, "return %s", b+1);  /* change it to `return' */
+    b[--l] = '\0';  /* remove it */
+  if (firstline && b[0] == '=')  /* for compatibility with 5.2, ... */
+    lua_pushfstring(L, "return %s", b + 1);  /* change '=' to 'return' */
   else
-    lua_pushstring(L, b);
+    lua_pushlstring(L, b, l);
   lua_freeline(L, b);
   return 1;
 }
 
 
+/*
+** Try to compile line on the stack as 'return <line>;'; on return, stack
+** has either compiled chunk or original line (if compilation failed).
+*/
+static int addreturn (lua_State *L) {
+  const char *line = lua_tostring(L, -1);  /* original line */
+  const char *retline = lua_pushfstring(L, "return %s;", line);
+  int status = luaL_loadbuffer(L, retline, strlen(retline), "=stdin");
+  if (status == LUA_OK) {
+    lua_remove(L, -2);  /* remove modified line */
+    if (line[0] != '\0')  /* non empty? */
+      lua_saveline(L, line);  /* keep history */
+  }
+  else
+    lua_pop(L, 2);  /* pop result from 'luaL_loadbuffer' and modified line */
+  return status;
+}
+
+
+/*
+** Read multiple lines until a complete Lua statement
+*/
+static int multiline (lua_State *L) {
+  for (;;) {  /* repeat until gets a complete statement */
+    size_t len;
+    const char *line = lua_tolstring(L, 1, &len);  /* get what it has */
+    int status = luaL_loadbuffer(L, line, len, "=stdin");  /* try it */
+    if (!incomplete(L, status) || !pushline(L, 0)) {
+      lua_saveline(L, line);  /* keep history */
+      return status;  /* cannot or should not try to add continuation line */
+    }
+    lua_pushliteral(L, "\n");  /* add newline... */
+    lua_insert(L, -2);  /* ...between the two lines */
+    lua_concat(L, 3);  /* join them */
+  }
+}
+
+
+/*
+** Read a line and try to load (compile) it first as an expression (by
+** adding "return " in front of it) and second as a statement. Return
+** the final status of load/call with the resulting function (if any)
+** in the top of the stack.
+*/
 static int loadline (lua_State *L) {
   int status;
   lua_settop(L, 0);
   if (!pushline(L, 1))
     return -1;  /* no input */
-  for (;;) {  /* repeat until gets a complete line */
-    size_t l;
-    const char *line = lua_tolstring(L, 1, &l);
-    status = luaL_loadbuffer(L, line, l, "=stdin");
-    if (!incomplete(L, status)) break;  /* cannot try to add lines? */
-    if (!pushline(L, 0))  /* no more input? */
-      return -1;
-    lua_pushliteral(L, "\n");  /* add a new line... */
-    lua_insert(L, -2);  /* ...between the two lines */
-    lua_concat(L, 3);  /* join them */
-  }
-  lua_saveline(L, 1);
-  lua_remove(L, 1);  /* remove line */
+  if ((status = addreturn(L)) != LUA_OK)  /* 'return ...' did not work? */
+    status = multiline(L);  /* try as command, maybe with continuation lines */
+  lua_remove(L, 1);  /* remove line from the stack */
+  lua_assert(lua_gettop(L) == 1);
   return status;
 }
 
 
-static void dotty (lua_State *L) {
+/*
+** Prints (calling the Lua 'print' function) any values on the stack
+*/
+static void l_print (lua_State *L) {
+  int n = lua_gettop(L);
+  if (n > 0) {  /* any result to be printed? */
+    luaL_checkstack(L, LUA_MINSTACK, "too many results to print");
+    lua_getglobal(L, "print");
+    lua_insert(L, 1);
+    if (lua_pcall(L, n, 0, 0) != LUA_OK)
+      l_message(progname, lua_pushfstring(L, "error calling 'print' (%s)",
+                                             lua_tostring(L, -1)));
+  }
+}
+
+
+/*
+** Do the REPL: repeatedly read (load) a line, evaluate (call) it, and
+** print any results.
+*/
+static void doREPL (lua_State *L) {
   int status;
   const char *oldprogname = progname;
-  progname = NULL;
+  progname = NULL;  /* no 'progname' on errors in interactive mode */
   while ((status = loadline(L)) != -1) {
-    if (status == LUA_OK) status = docall(L, 0, LUA_MULTRET);
-    report(L, status);
-    if (status == LUA_OK && lua_gettop(L) > 0) {  /* any result to print? */
-      luaL_checkstack(L, LUA_MINSTACK, "too many results to print");
-      lua_getglobal(L, "print");
-      lua_insert(L, 1);
-      if (lua_pcall(L, lua_gettop(L)-1, 0, 0) != LUA_OK)
-        l_message(progname, lua_pushfstring(L,
-                               "error calling " LUA_QL("print") " (%s)",
-                               lua_tostring(L, -1)));
-    }
+    if (status == LUA_OK)
+      status = docall(L, 0, LUA_MULTRET);
+    if (status == LUA_OK) l_print(L);
+    else report(L, status);
   }
   lua_settop(L, 0);  /* clear stack */
-  luai_writeline();
+  lua_writeline();
   progname = oldprogname;
 }
 
 
-static int handle_script (lua_State *L, char **argv, int n) {
+/*
+** Push on the stack the contents of table 'arg' from 1 to #arg
+*/
+static int pushargs (lua_State *L) {
+  int i, n;
+  if (lua_getglobal(L, "arg") != LUA_TTABLE)
+    luaL_error(L, "'arg' is not a table");
+  n = (int)luaL_len(L, -1);
+  luaL_checkstack(L, n + 3, "too many arguments to script");
+  for (i = 1; i <= n; i++)
+    lua_rawgeti(L, -i, i);
+  lua_remove(L, -i);  /* remove table from the stack */
+  return n;
+}
+
+
+static int handle_script (lua_State *L, char **argv) {
   int status;
-  const char *fname;
-  int narg = getargs(L, argv, n);  /* collect arguments */
-  lua_setglobal(L, "arg");
-  fname = argv[n];
-  if (strcmp(fname, "-") == 0 && strcmp(argv[n-1], "--") != 0)
+  const char *fname = argv[0];
+  if (strcmp(fname, "-") == 0 && strcmp(argv[-1], "--") != 0)
     fname = NULL;  /* stdin */
   status = luaL_loadfile(L, fname);
-  lua_insert(L, -(narg+1));
-  if (status == LUA_OK)
-    status = docall(L, narg, LUA_MULTRET);
-  else
-    lua_pop(L, narg);
+  if (status == LUA_OK) {
+    int n = pushargs(L);  /* push arguments to script */
+    status = docall(L, n, LUA_MULTRET);
+  }
   return report(L, status);
 }
 
 
-/* check that argument has no extra characters at the end */
-#define noextrachars(x)		{if ((x)[2] != '\0') return -1;}
-
-
-/* indices of various argument indicators in array args */
-#define has_i		0	/* -i */
-#define has_v		1	/* -v */
-#define has_e		2	/* -e */
-#define has_E		3	/* -E */
-
-#define num_has		4	/* number of 'has_*' */
 
+/* bits of various argument indicators in 'args' */
+#define has_error	1	/* bad option */
+#define has_i		2	/* -i */
+#define has_v		4	/* -v */
+#define has_e		8	/* -e */
+#define has_E		16	/* -E */
 
-static int collectargs (char **argv, int *args) {
+/*
+** Traverses all arguments from 'argv', returning a mask with those
+** needed before running any Lua code (or an error code if it finds
+** any invalid argument). 'first' returns the first not-handled argument 
+** (either the script name or a bad argument in case of error).
+*/
+static int collectargs (char **argv, int *first) {
+  int args = 0;
   int i;
   for (i = 1; argv[i] != NULL; i++) {
+    *first = i;
     if (argv[i][0] != '-')  /* not an option? */
-        return i;
-    switch (argv[i][1]) {  /* option */
-      case '-':
-        noextrachars(argv[i]);
-        return (argv[i+1] != NULL ? i+1 : 0);
-      case '\0':
-        return i;
+        return args;  /* stop handling options */
+    switch (argv[i][1]) {  /* else check option */
+      case '-':  /* '--' */
+        if (argv[i][2] != '\0')  /* extra characters after '--'? */
+          return has_error;  /* invalid option */
+        *first = i + 1;
+        return args;
+      case '\0':  /* '-' */
+        return args;  /* script "name" is '-' */
       case 'E':
-        args[has_E] = 1;
+        if (argv[i][2] != '\0')  /* extra characters after 1st? */
+          return has_error;  /* invalid option */
+        args |= has_E;
         break;
       case 'i':
-        noextrachars(argv[i]);
-        args[has_i] = 1;  /* go through */
+        args |= has_i;  /* (-i implies -v) *//* FALLTHROUGH */ 
       case 'v':
-        noextrachars(argv[i]);
-        args[has_v] = 1;
+        if (argv[i][2] != '\0')  /* extra characters after 1st? */
+          return has_error;  /* invalid option */
+        args |= has_v;
         break;
       case 'e':
-        args[has_e] = 1;  /* go through */
+        args |= has_e;  /* FALLTHROUGH */
       case 'l':  /* both options need an argument */
         if (argv[i][2] == '\0') {  /* no concatenated argument? */
           i++;  /* try next 'argv' */
           if (argv[i] == NULL || argv[i][0] == '-')
-            return -(i - 1);  /* no next argument or it is another option */
+            return has_error;  /* no next argument or it is another option */
         }
         break;
-      default:  /* invalid option; return its index... */
-        return -i;  /* ...as a negative value */
+      default:  /* invalid option */
+        return has_error;
     }
   }
-  return 0;
+  *first = i;  /* no script name */
+  return args;
 }
 
 
+/*
+** Processes options 'e' and 'l', which involve running Lua code.
+** Returns 0 if some code raises an error.
+*/
 static int runargs (lua_State *L, char **argv, int n) {
   int i;
   for (i = 1; i < n; i++) {
-    lua_assert(argv[i][0] == '-');
-    switch (argv[i][1]) {  /* option */
-      case 'e': {
-        const char *chunk = argv[i] + 2;
-        if (*chunk == '\0') chunk = argv[++i];
-        lua_assert(chunk != NULL);
-        if (dostring(L, chunk, "=(command line)") != LUA_OK)
-          return 0;
-        break;
-      }
-      case 'l': {
-        const char *filename = argv[i] + 2;
-        if (*filename == '\0') filename = argv[++i];
-        lua_assert(filename != NULL);
-        if (dolibrary(L, filename) != LUA_OK)
-          return 0;  /* stop if file fails */
-        break;
-      }
-      default: break;
+    int option = argv[i][1];
+    lua_assert(argv[i][0] == '-');  /* already checked */
+    if (option == 'e' || option == 'l') {
+      int status;
+      const char *extra = argv[i] + 2;  /* both options need an argument */
+      if (*extra == '\0') extra = argv[++i];
+      lua_assert(extra != NULL);
+      status = (option == 'e')
+               ? dostring(L, extra, "=(command line)")
+               : dolibrary(L, extra);
+      if (status != LUA_OK) return 0;
     }
   }
   return 1;
@@ -421,10 +530,10 @@ static int runargs (lua_State *L, char **argv, int n) {
 
 
 static int handle_luainit (lua_State *L) {
-  const char *name = "=" LUA_INITVERSION;
+  const char *name = "=" LUA_INITVARVERSION;
   const char *init = getenv(name + 1);
   if (init == NULL) {
-    name = "=" LUA_INIT;
+    name = "=" LUA_INIT_VAR;
     init = getenv(name + 1);  /* try alternative name */
   }
   if (init == NULL) return LUA_OK;
@@ -435,40 +544,44 @@ static int handle_luainit (lua_State *L) {
 }
 
 
+/*
+** Main body of stand-alone interpreter (to be called in protected mode).
+** Reads the options and handles them all.
+*/
 static int pmain (lua_State *L) {
   int argc = (int)lua_tointeger(L, 1);
   char **argv = (char **)lua_touserdata(L, 2);
   int script;
-  int args[num_has];
-  args[has_i] = args[has_v] = args[has_e] = args[has_E] = 0;
+  int args = collectargs(argv, &script);
+  luaL_checkversion(L);  /* check that interpreter has correct version */
   if (argv[0] && argv[0][0]) progname = argv[0];
-  script = collectargs(argv, args);
-  if (script < 0) {  /* invalid arg? */
-    print_usage(argv[-script]);
+  if (args == has_error) {  /* bad arg? */
+    print_usage(argv[script]);  /* 'script' has index of bad arg. */
     return 0;
   }
-  if (args[has_v]) print_version();
-  if (args[has_E]) {  /* option '-E'? */
+  if (args & has_v)  /* option '-v'? */
+    print_version();
+  if (args & has_E) {  /* option '-E'? */
     lua_pushboolean(L, 1);  /* signal for libraries to ignore env. vars. */
     lua_setfield(L, LUA_REGISTRYINDEX, "LUA_NOENV");
   }
-  /* open standard libraries */
-  luaL_checkversion(L);
-  lua_gc(L, LUA_GCSTOP, 0);  /* stop collector during initialization */
-  luaL_openlibs(L);  /* open libraries */
-  lua_gc(L, LUA_GCRESTART, 0);
-  if (!args[has_E] && handle_luainit(L) != LUA_OK)
-    return 0;  /* error running LUA_INIT */
-  /* execute arguments -e and -l */
-  if (!runargs(L, argv, (script > 0) ? script : argc)) return 0;
-  /* execute main script (if there is one) */
-  if (script && handle_script(L, argv, script) != LUA_OK) return 0;
-  if (args[has_i])  /* -i option? */
-    dotty(L);
-  else if (script == 0 && !args[has_e] && !args[has_v]) {  /* no arguments? */
-    if (lua_stdin_is_tty()) {
+  luaL_openlibs(L);  /* open standard libraries */
+  createargtable(L, argv, argc, script);  /* create table 'arg' */
+  if (!(args & has_E)) {  /* no option '-E'? */
+    if (handle_luainit(L) != LUA_OK)  /* run LUA_INIT */
+      return 0;  /* error running LUA_INIT */
+  }
+  if (!runargs(L, argv, script))  /* execute arguments -e and -l */
+    return 0;  /* something failed */
+  if (script < argc &&  /* execute main script (if there is one) */
+      handle_script(L, argv + script) != LUA_OK)
+    return 0;
+  if (args & has_i)  /* -i option? */
+    doREPL(L);  /* do read-eval-print loop */
+  else if (script == argc && !(args & (has_e | has_v))) {  /* no arguments? */
+    if (lua_stdin_is_tty()) {  /* running in interactive mode? */
       print_version();
-      dotty(L);
+      doREPL(L);  /* do read-eval-print loop */
     }
     else dofile(L, NULL);  /* executes stdin as a file */
   }
@@ -484,13 +597,12 @@ int main (int argc, char **argv) {
     l_message(argv[0], "cannot create state: not enough memory");
     return EXIT_FAILURE;
   }
-  /* call 'pmain' in protected mode */
-  lua_pushcfunction(L, &pmain);
+  lua_pushcfunction(L, &pmain);  /* to call 'pmain' in protected mode */
   lua_pushinteger(L, argc);  /* 1st argument */
   lua_pushlightuserdata(L, argv); /* 2nd argument */
-  status = lua_pcall(L, 2, 1, 0);
+  status = lua_pcall(L, 2, 1, 0);  /* do the call */
   result = lua_toboolean(L, -1);  /* get result */
-  finalreport(L, status);
+  report(L, status);
   lua_close(L);
   return (result && status == LUA_OK) ? EXIT_SUCCESS : EXIT_FAILURE;
 }
diff --git a/lua/lua.h b/lua/lua.h
index 149a2c3..06381d7 100644
--- a/lua/lua.h
+++ b/lua/lua.h
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
-** $Id: lua.h,v 1.285.1.2 2013/11/11 12:09:16 roberto Exp $
+** $Id: lua.h,v 1.329 2015/11/13 17:18:42 roberto Exp $
 ** Lua - A Scripting Language
 ** Lua.org, PUC-Rio, Brazil (http://www.lua.org)
 ** See Copyright Notice at the end of this file
@@ -17,27 +17,29 @@
 
 
 #define LUA_VERSION_MAJOR	"5"
-#define LUA_VERSION_MINOR	"2"
-#define LUA_VERSION_NUM		502
-#define LUA_VERSION_RELEASE	"3"
+#define LUA_VERSION_MINOR	"3"
+#define LUA_VERSION_NUM		503
+#define LUA_VERSION_RELEASE	"2"
 
 #define LUA_VERSION	"Lua " LUA_VERSION_MAJOR "." LUA_VERSION_MINOR
 #define LUA_RELEASE	LUA_VERSION "." LUA_VERSION_RELEASE
-#define LUA_COPYRIGHT	LUA_RELEASE "  Copyright (C) 1994-2013 Lua.org, PUC-Rio"
+#define LUA_COPYRIGHT	LUA_RELEASE "  Copyright (C) 1994-2015 Lua.org, PUC-Rio"
 #define LUA_AUTHORS	"R. Ierusalimschy, L. H. de Figueiredo, W. Celes"
 
 
 /* mark for precompiled code ('<esc>Lua') */
-#define LUA_SIGNATURE	"\033Lua"
+#define LUA_SIGNATURE	"\x1bLua"
 
 /* option for multiple returns in 'lua_pcall' and 'lua_call' */
 #define LUA_MULTRET	(-1)
 
 
 /*
-** pseudo-indices
+** Pseudo-indices
+** (-LUAI_MAXSTACK is the minimum valid index; we keep some free empty
+** space after that to help overflow detection)
 */
-#define LUA_REGISTRYINDEX	LUAI_FIRSTPSEUDOIDX
+#define LUA_REGISTRYINDEX	(-LUAI_MAXSTACK - 1000)
 #define lua_upvalueindex(i)	(LUA_REGISTRYINDEX - (i))
 
 
@@ -53,22 +55,6 @@
 
 typedef struct lua_State lua_State;
 
-typedef int (*lua_CFunction) (lua_State *L);
-
-
-/*
-** functions that read/write blocks when loading/dumping Lua chunks
-*/
-typedef const char * (*lua_Reader) (lua_State *L, void *ud, size_t *sz);
-
-typedef int (*lua_Writer) (lua_State *L, const void* p, size_t sz, void* ud);
-
-
-/*
-** prototype for memory-allocation functions
-*/
-typedef void * (*lua_Alloc) (void *ud, void *ptr, size_t osize, size_t nsize);
-
 
 /*
 ** basic types
@@ -109,6 +95,34 @@ typedef LUA_INTEGER lua_Integer;
 /* unsigned integer type */
 typedef LUA_UNSIGNED lua_Unsigned;
 
+/* type for continuation-function contexts */
+typedef LUA_KCONTEXT lua_KContext;
+
+
+/*
+** Type for C functions registered with Lua
+*/
+typedef int (*lua_CFunction) (lua_State *L);
+
+/*
+** Type for continuation functions
+*/
+typedef int (*lua_KFunction) (lua_State *L, int status, lua_KContext ctx);
+
+
+/*
+** Type for functions that read/write blocks when loading/dumping Lua chunks
+*/
+typedef const char * (*lua_Reader) (lua_State *L, void *ud, size_t *sz);
+
+typedef int (*lua_Writer) (lua_State *L, const void *p, size_t sz, void *ud);
+
+
+/*
+** Type for memory-allocation functions
+*/
+typedef void * (*lua_Alloc) (void *ud, void *ptr, size_t osize, size_t nsize);
+
 
 
 /*
@@ -145,11 +159,9 @@ LUA_API int   (lua_absindex) (lua_State *L, int idx);
 LUA_API int   (lua_gettop) (lua_State *L);
 LUA_API void  (lua_settop) (lua_State *L, int idx);
 LUA_API void  (lua_pushvalue) (lua_State *L, int idx);
-LUA_API void  (lua_remove) (lua_State *L, int idx);
-LUA_API void  (lua_insert) (lua_State *L, int idx);
-LUA_API void  (lua_replace) (lua_State *L, int idx);
+LUA_API void  (lua_rotate) (lua_State *L, int idx, int n);
 LUA_API void  (lua_copy) (lua_State *L, int fromidx, int toidx);
-LUA_API int   (lua_checkstack) (lua_State *L, int sz);
+LUA_API int   (lua_checkstack) (lua_State *L, int n);
 
 LUA_API void  (lua_xmove) (lua_State *from, lua_State *to, int n);
 
@@ -161,13 +173,13 @@ LUA_API void  (lua_xmove) (lua_State *from, lua_State *to, int n);
 LUA_API int             (lua_isnumber) (lua_State *L, int idx);
 LUA_API int             (lua_isstring) (lua_State *L, int idx);
 LUA_API int             (lua_iscfunction) (lua_State *L, int idx);
+LUA_API int             (lua_isinteger) (lua_State *L, int idx);
 LUA_API int             (lua_isuserdata) (lua_State *L, int idx);
 LUA_API int             (lua_type) (lua_State *L, int idx);
 LUA_API const char     *(lua_typename) (lua_State *L, int tp);
 
 LUA_API lua_Number      (lua_tonumberx) (lua_State *L, int idx, int *isnum);
 LUA_API lua_Integer     (lua_tointegerx) (lua_State *L, int idx, int *isnum);
-LUA_API lua_Unsigned    (lua_tounsignedx) (lua_State *L, int idx, int *isnum);
 LUA_API int             (lua_toboolean) (lua_State *L, int idx);
 LUA_API const char     *(lua_tolstring) (lua_State *L, int idx, size_t *len);
 LUA_API size_t          (lua_rawlen) (lua_State *L, int idx);
@@ -181,13 +193,20 @@ LUA_API const void     *(lua_topointer) (lua_State *L, int idx);
 ** Comparison and arithmetic functions
 */
 
-#define LUA_OPADD	0	/* ORDER TM */
+#define LUA_OPADD	0	/* ORDER TM, ORDER OP */
 #define LUA_OPSUB	1
 #define LUA_OPMUL	2
-#define LUA_OPDIV	3
-#define LUA_OPMOD	4
-#define LUA_OPPOW	5
-#define LUA_OPUNM	6
+#define LUA_OPMOD	3
+#define LUA_OPPOW	4
+#define LUA_OPDIV	5
+#define LUA_OPIDIV	6
+#define LUA_OPBAND	7
+#define LUA_OPBOR	8
+#define LUA_OPBXOR	9
+#define LUA_OPSHL	10
+#define LUA_OPSHR	11
+#define LUA_OPUNM	12
+#define LUA_OPBNOT	13
 
 LUA_API void  (lua_arith) (lua_State *L, int op);
 
@@ -205,8 +224,7 @@ LUA_API int   (lua_compare) (lua_State *L, int idx1, int idx2, int op);
 LUA_API void        (lua_pushnil) (lua_State *L);
 LUA_API void        (lua_pushnumber) (lua_State *L, lua_Number n);
 LUA_API void        (lua_pushinteger) (lua_State *L, lua_Integer n);
-LUA_API void        (lua_pushunsigned) (lua_State *L, lua_Unsigned n);
-LUA_API const char *(lua_pushlstring) (lua_State *L, const char *s, size_t l);
+LUA_API const char *(lua_pushlstring) (lua_State *L, const char *s, size_t len);
 LUA_API const char *(lua_pushstring) (lua_State *L, const char *s);
 LUA_API const char *(lua_pushvfstring) (lua_State *L, const char *fmt,
                                                       va_list argp);
@@ -220,26 +238,29 @@ LUA_API int   (lua_pushthread) (lua_State *L);
 /*
 ** get functions (Lua -> stack)
 */
-LUA_API void  (lua_getglobal) (lua_State *L, const char *var);
-LUA_API void  (lua_gettable) (lua_State *L, int idx);
-LUA_API void  (lua_getfield) (lua_State *L, int idx, const char *k);
-LUA_API void  (lua_rawget) (lua_State *L, int idx);
-LUA_API void  (lua_rawgeti) (lua_State *L, int idx, int n);
-LUA_API void  (lua_rawgetp) (lua_State *L, int idx, const void *p);
+LUA_API int (lua_getglobal) (lua_State *L, const char *name);
+LUA_API int (lua_gettable) (lua_State *L, int idx);
+LUA_API int (lua_getfield) (lua_State *L, int idx, const char *k);
+LUA_API int (lua_geti) (lua_State *L, int idx, lua_Integer n);
+LUA_API int (lua_rawget) (lua_State *L, int idx);
+LUA_API int (lua_rawgeti) (lua_State *L, int idx, lua_Integer n);
+LUA_API int (lua_rawgetp) (lua_State *L, int idx, const void *p);
+
 LUA_API void  (lua_createtable) (lua_State *L, int narr, int nrec);
 LUA_API void *(lua_newuserdata) (lua_State *L, size_t sz);
 LUA_API int   (lua_getmetatable) (lua_State *L, int objindex);
-LUA_API void  (lua_getuservalue) (lua_State *L, int idx);
+LUA_API int  (lua_getuservalue) (lua_State *L, int idx);
 
 
 /*
 ** set functions (stack -> Lua)
 */
-LUA_API void  (lua_setglobal) (lua_State *L, const char *var);
+LUA_API void  (lua_setglobal) (lua_State *L, const char *name);
 LUA_API void  (lua_settable) (lua_State *L, int idx);
 LUA_API void  (lua_setfield) (lua_State *L, int idx, const char *k);
+LUA_API void  (lua_seti) (lua_State *L, int idx, lua_Integer n);
 LUA_API void  (lua_rawset) (lua_State *L, int idx);
-LUA_API void  (lua_rawseti) (lua_State *L, int idx, int n);
+LUA_API void  (lua_rawseti) (lua_State *L, int idx, lua_Integer n);
 LUA_API void  (lua_rawsetp) (lua_State *L, int idx, const void *p);
 LUA_API int   (lua_setmetatable) (lua_State *L, int objindex);
 LUA_API void  (lua_setuservalue) (lua_State *L, int idx);
@@ -248,31 +269,31 @@ LUA_API void  (lua_setuservalue) (lua_State *L, int idx);
 /*
 ** 'load' and 'call' functions (load and run Lua code)
 */
-LUA_API void  (lua_callk) (lua_State *L, int nargs, int nresults, int ctx,
-                           lua_CFunction k);
+LUA_API void  (lua_callk) (lua_State *L, int nargs, int nresults,
+                           lua_KContext ctx, lua_KFunction k);
 #define lua_call(L,n,r)		lua_callk(L, (n), (r), 0, NULL)
 
-LUA_API int   (lua_getctx) (lua_State *L, int *ctx);
-
 LUA_API int   (lua_pcallk) (lua_State *L, int nargs, int nresults, int errfunc,
-                            int ctx, lua_CFunction k);
+                            lua_KContext ctx, lua_KFunction k);
 #define lua_pcall(L,n,r,f)	lua_pcallk(L, (n), (r), (f), 0, NULL)
 
 LUA_API int   (lua_load) (lua_State *L, lua_Reader reader, void *dt,
-                                        const char *chunkname,
-                                        const char *mode);
+                          const char *chunkname, const char *mode);
 
-LUA_API int (lua_dump) (lua_State *L, lua_Writer writer, void *data);
+LUA_API int (lua_dump) (lua_State *L, lua_Writer writer, void *data, int strip);
 
 
 /*
 ** coroutine functions
 */
-LUA_API int  (lua_yieldk) (lua_State *L, int nresults, int ctx,
-                           lua_CFunction k);
+LUA_API int  (lua_yieldk)     (lua_State *L, int nresults, lua_KContext ctx,
+                               lua_KFunction k);
+LUA_API int  (lua_resume)     (lua_State *L, lua_State *from, int narg);
+LUA_API int  (lua_status)     (lua_State *L);
+LUA_API int (lua_isyieldable) (lua_State *L);
+
 #define lua_yield(L,n)		lua_yieldk(L, (n), 0, NULL)
-LUA_API int  (lua_resume) (lua_State *L, lua_State *from, int narg);
-LUA_API int  (lua_status) (lua_State *L);
+
 
 /*
 ** garbage-collection function and options
@@ -286,10 +307,7 @@ LUA_API int  (lua_status) (lua_State *L);
 #define LUA_GCSTEP		5
 #define LUA_GCSETPAUSE		6
 #define LUA_GCSETSTEPMUL	7
-#define LUA_GCSETMAJORINC	8
 #define LUA_GCISRUNNING		9
-#define LUA_GCGEN		10
-#define LUA_GCINC		11
 
 LUA_API int (lua_gc) (lua_State *L, int what, int data);
 
@@ -305,20 +323,23 @@ LUA_API int   (lua_next) (lua_State *L, int idx);
 LUA_API void  (lua_concat) (lua_State *L, int n);
 LUA_API void  (lua_len)    (lua_State *L, int idx);
 
+LUA_API size_t   (lua_stringtonumber) (lua_State *L, const char *s);
+
 LUA_API lua_Alloc (lua_getallocf) (lua_State *L, void **ud);
 LUA_API void      (lua_setallocf) (lua_State *L, lua_Alloc f, void *ud);
 
 
 
 /*
-** ===============================================================
+** {==============================================================
 ** some useful macros
 ** ===============================================================
 */
 
-#define lua_tonumber(L,i)	lua_tonumberx(L,i,NULL)
-#define lua_tointeger(L,i)	lua_tointegerx(L,i,NULL)
-#define lua_tounsigned(L,i)	lua_tounsignedx(L,i,NULL)
+#define lua_getextraspace(L)	((void *)((char *)(L) - LUA_EXTRASPACE))
+
+#define lua_tonumber(L,i)	lua_tonumberx(L,(i),NULL)
+#define lua_tointeger(L,i)	lua_tointegerx(L,(i),NULL)
 
 #define lua_pop(L,n)		lua_settop(L, -(n)-1)
 
@@ -337,8 +358,7 @@ LUA_API void      (lua_setallocf) (lua_State *L, lua_Alloc f, void *ud);
 #define lua_isnone(L,n)		(lua_type(L, (n)) == LUA_TNONE)
 #define lua_isnoneornil(L, n)	(lua_type(L, (n)) <= 0)
 
-#define lua_pushliteral(L, s)	\
-	lua_pushlstring(L, "" s, (sizeof(s)/sizeof(char))-1)
+#define lua_pushliteral(L, s)	lua_pushstring(L, "" s)
 
 #define lua_pushglobaltable(L)  \
 	lua_rawgeti(L, LUA_REGISTRYINDEX, LUA_RIDX_GLOBALS)
@@ -346,6 +366,28 @@ LUA_API void      (lua_setallocf) (lua_State *L, lua_Alloc f, void *ud);
 #define lua_tostring(L,i)	lua_tolstring(L, (i), NULL)
 
 
+#define lua_insert(L,idx)	lua_rotate(L, (idx), 1)
+
+#define lua_remove(L,idx)	(lua_rotate(L, (idx), -1), lua_pop(L, 1))
+
+#define lua_replace(L,idx)	(lua_copy(L, -1, (idx)), lua_pop(L, 1))
+
+/* }============================================================== */
+
+
+/*
+** {==============================================================
+** compatibility macros for unsigned conversions
+** ===============================================================
+*/
+#if defined(LUA_COMPAT_APIINTCASTS)
+
+#define lua_pushunsigned(L,n)	lua_pushinteger(L, (lua_Integer)(n))
+#define lua_tounsignedx(L,i,is)	((lua_Unsigned)lua_tointegerx(L,i,is))
+#define lua_tounsigned(L,i)	lua_tounsignedx(L,(i),NULL)
+
+#endif
+/* }============================================================== */
 
 /*
 ** {======================================================================
@@ -390,7 +432,7 @@ LUA_API void *(lua_upvalueid) (lua_State *L, int fidx, int n);
 LUA_API void  (lua_upvaluejoin) (lua_State *L, int fidx1, int n1,
                                                int fidx2, int n2);
 
-LUA_API int (lua_sethook) (lua_State *L, lua_Hook func, int mask, int count);
+LUA_API void (lua_sethook) (lua_State *L, lua_Hook func, int mask, int count);
 LUA_API lua_Hook (lua_gethook) (lua_State *L);
 LUA_API int (lua_gethookmask) (lua_State *L);
 LUA_API int (lua_gethookcount) (lua_State *L);
@@ -418,7 +460,7 @@ struct lua_Debug {
 
 
 /******************************************************************************
-* Copyright (C) 1994-2013 Lua.org, PUC-Rio.
+* Copyright (C) 1994-2015 Lua.org, PUC-Rio.
 *
 * Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining
 * a copy of this software and associated documentation files (the
diff --git a/lua/luac.c b/lua/luac.c
index 7409706..c0c91d0 100644
--- a/lua/luac.c
+++ b/lua/luac.c
@@ -1,17 +1,20 @@
 /*
-** $Id: luac.c,v 1.69 2011/11/29 17:46:33 lhf Exp $
-** Lua compiler (saves bytecodes to files; also list bytecodes)
+** $Id: luac.c,v 1.75 2015/03/12 01:58:27 lhf Exp $
+** Lua compiler (saves bytecodes to files; also lists bytecodes)
 ** See Copyright Notice in lua.h
 */
 
+#define luac_c
+#define LUA_CORE
+
+#include "lprefix.h"
+
+#include <ctype.h>
 #include <errno.h>
 #include <stdio.h>
 #include <stdlib.h>
 #include <string.h>
 
-#define luac_c
-#define LUA_CORE
-
 #include "lua.h"
 #include "lauxlib.h"
 
@@ -47,14 +50,14 @@ static void cannot(const char* what)
 static void usage(const char* message)
 {
  if (*message=='-')
-  fprintf(stderr,"%s: unrecognized option " LUA_QS "\n",progname,message);
+  fprintf(stderr,"%s: unrecognized option '%s'\n",progname,message);
  else
   fprintf(stderr,"%s: %s\n",progname,message);
  fprintf(stderr,
   "usage: %s [options] [filenames]\n"
   "Available options are:\n"
   "  -l       list (use -l -l for full listing)\n"
-  "  -o name  output to file " LUA_QL("name") " (default is \"%s\")\n"
+  "  -o name  output to file 'name' (default is \"%s\")\n"
   "  -p       parse only\n"
   "  -s       strip debug information\n"
   "  -v       show version information\n"
@@ -89,7 +92,7 @@ static int doargs(int argc, char* argv[])
   {
    output=argv[++i];
    if (output==NULL || *output==0 || (*output=='-' && output[1]!=0))
-    usage(LUA_QL("-o") " needs argument");
+    usage("'-o' needs argument");
    if (IS("-")) output=NULL;
   }
   else if (IS("-p"))			/* parse only */
@@ -203,7 +206,7 @@ int main(int argc, char* argv[])
 }
 
 /*
-** $Id: print.c,v 1.69 2013/07/04 01:03:46 lhf Exp $
+** $Id: luac.c,v 1.75 2015/03/12 01:58:27 lhf Exp $
 ** print bytecodes
 ** See Copyright Notice in lua.h
 */
@@ -223,7 +226,7 @@ int main(int argc, char* argv[])
 static void PrintString(const TString* ts)
 {
  const char* s=getstr(ts);
- size_t i,n=ts->tsv.len;
+ size_t i,n=tsslen(ts);
  printf("%c",'"');
  for (i=0; i<n; i++)
  {
@@ -251,7 +254,7 @@ static void PrintString(const TString* ts)
 static void PrintConstant(const Proto* f, int i)
 {
  const TValue* o=&f->k[i];
- switch (ttypenv(o))
+ switch (ttype(o))
  {
   case LUA_TNIL:
 	printf("nil");
@@ -259,11 +262,19 @@ static void PrintConstant(const Proto* f, int i)
   case LUA_TBOOLEAN:
 	printf(bvalue(o) ? "true" : "false");
 	break;
-  case LUA_TNUMBER:
-	printf(LUA_NUMBER_FMT,nvalue(o));
+  case LUA_TNUMFLT:
+	{
+	char buff[100];
+	sprintf(buff,LUA_NUMBER_FMT,fltvalue(o));
+	printf("%s",buff);
+	if (buff[strspn(buff,"-0123456789")]=='\0') printf(".0");
+	break;
+	}
+  case LUA_TNUMINT:
+	printf(LUA_INTEGER_FMT,ivalue(o));
 	break;
-  case LUA_TSTRING:
-	PrintString(rawtsvalue(o));
+  case LUA_TSHRSTR: case LUA_TLNGSTR:
+	PrintString(tsvalue(o));
 	break;
   default:				/* cannot happen */
 	printf("? type=%d",ttype(o));
@@ -337,8 +348,14 @@ static void PrintCode(const Proto* f)
    case OP_ADD:
    case OP_SUB:
    case OP_MUL:
-   case OP_DIV:
    case OP_POW:
+   case OP_DIV:
+   case OP_IDIV:
+   case OP_BAND:
+   case OP_BOR:
+   case OP_BXOR:
+   case OP_SHL:
+   case OP_SHR:
    case OP_EQ:
    case OP_LT:
    case OP_LE:
diff --git a/lua/luaconf.h.in b/lua/luaconf.h.in
index 1a9a19b..bed6ca4 100644
--- a/lua/luaconf.h.in
+++ b/lua/luaconf.h.in
@@ -1,90 +1,175 @@
 /*
-** $Id: luaconf.h,v 1.176.1.1 2013/04/12 18:48:47 roberto Exp $
+** $Id: luaconf.h,v 1.254 2015/10/21 18:17:40 roberto Exp $
 ** Configuration file for Lua
 ** See Copyright Notice in lua.h
 */
 
 
-#ifndef lconfig_h
-#define lconfig_h
+#ifndef luaconf_h
+#define luaconf_h
 
 #include <limits.h>
 #include <stddef.h>
 
 #define LUA_USE_LINUX
+#define LUA_USE_C89
 
 /*
-** ==================================================================
+** ===================================================================
 ** Search for "@@" to find all configurable definitions.
 ** ===================================================================
 */
 
 
 /*
-@@ LUA_ANSI controls the use of non-ansi features.
-** CHANGE it (define it) if you want Lua to avoid the use of any
-** non-ansi feature or library.
+** {====================================================================
+** System Configuration: macros to adapt (if needed) Lua to some
+** particular platform, for instance compiling it with 32-bit numbers or
+** restricting it to C89.
+** =====================================================================
 */
-#if !defined(LUA_ANSI) && defined(__STRICT_ANSI__)
-#define LUA_ANSI
-#endif
+
+/*
+@@ LUA_32BITS enables Lua with 32-bit integers and 32-bit floats. You
+** can also define LUA_32BITS in the make file, but changing here you
+** ensure that all software connected to Lua will be compiled with the
+** same configuration.
+*/
+/* #define LUA_32BITS */
 
 
-#if !defined(LUA_ANSI) && defined(_WIN32) && !defined(_WIN32_WCE)
-#define LUA_WIN		/* enable goodies for regular Windows platforms */
-#endif
+/*
+@@ LUA_USE_C89 controls the use of non-ISO-C89 features.
+** Define it if you want Lua to avoid the use of a few C99 features
+** or Windows-specific features on Windows.
+*/
+/* #define LUA_USE_C89 */
 
-#if defined(LUA_WIN)
-#define LUA_DL_DLL
-#define LUA_USE_AFORMAT		/* assume 'printf' handles 'aA' specifiers */
+
+/*
+** By default, Lua on Windows use (some) specific Windows features
+*/
+#if !defined(LUA_USE_C89) && defined(_WIN32) && !defined(_WIN32_WCE)
+#define LUA_USE_WINDOWS  /* enable goodies for regular Windows */
 #endif
 
 
+#if defined(LUA_USE_WINDOWS)
+#define LUA_DL_DLL	/* enable support for DLL */
+#define LUA_USE_C89	/* broadly, Windows is C89 */
+#endif
+
 
 #if defined(LUA_USE_LINUX)
 #define LUA_USE_POSIX
 #define LUA_USE_DLOPEN		/* needs an extra library: -ldl */
 #define LUA_USE_READLINE	/* needs some extra libraries */
-#define LUA_USE_STRTODHEX	/* assume 'strtod' handles hex formats */
-#define LUA_USE_AFORMAT		/* assume 'printf' handles 'aA' specifiers */
-#define LUA_USE_LONGLONG	/* assume support for long long */
 #endif
 
+
 #if defined(LUA_USE_MACOSX)
 #define LUA_USE_POSIX
-#define LUA_USE_DLOPEN		/* does not need -ldl */
+#define LUA_USE_DLOPEN		/* MacOS does not need -ldl */
 #define LUA_USE_READLINE	/* needs an extra library: -lreadline */
-#define LUA_USE_STRTODHEX	/* assume 'strtod' handles hex formats */
-#define LUA_USE_AFORMAT		/* assume 'printf' handles 'aA' specifiers */
-#define LUA_USE_LONGLONG	/* assume support for long long */
+#endif
+
+
+/*
+@@ LUA_C89_NUMBERS ensures that Lua uses the largest types available for
+** C89 ('long' and 'double'); Windows always has '__int64', so it does
+** not need to use this case.
+*/
+#if defined(LUA_USE_C89) && !defined(LUA_USE_WINDOWS)
+#define LUA_C89_NUMBERS
 #endif
 
 
 
 /*
-@@ LUA_USE_POSIX includes all functionality listed as X/Open System
-@* Interfaces Extension (XSI).
-** CHANGE it (define it) if your system is XSI compatible.
+@@ LUAI_BITSINT defines the (minimum) number of bits in an 'int'.
 */
-#if defined(LUA_USE_POSIX)
-#define LUA_USE_MKSTEMP
-#define LUA_USE_ISATTY
-#define LUA_USE_POPEN
-#define LUA_USE_ULONGJMP
-#define LUA_USE_GMTIME_R
+/* avoid undefined shifts */
+#if ((INT_MAX >> 15) >> 15) >= 1
+#define LUAI_BITSINT	32
+#else
+/* 'int' always must have at least 16 bits */
+#define LUAI_BITSINT	16
 #endif
 
 
+/*
+@@ LUA_INT_TYPE defines the type for Lua integers.
+@@ LUA_FLOAT_TYPE defines the type for Lua floats.
+** Lua should work fine with any mix of these options (if supported
+** by your C compiler). The usual configurations are 64-bit integers
+** and 'double' (the default), 32-bit integers and 'float' (for
+** restricted platforms), and 'long'/'double' (for C compilers not
+** compliant with C99, which may not have support for 'long long').
+*/
+
+/* predefined options for LUA_INT_TYPE */
+#define LUA_INT_INT		1
+#define LUA_INT_LONG		2
+#define LUA_INT_LONGLONG	3
+
+/* predefined options for LUA_FLOAT_TYPE */
+#define LUA_FLOAT_FLOAT		1
+#define LUA_FLOAT_DOUBLE	2
+#define LUA_FLOAT_LONGDOUBLE	3
+
+#if defined(LUA_32BITS)		/* { */
+/*
+** 32-bit integers and 'float'
+*/
+#if LUAI_BITSINT >= 32  /* use 'int' if big enough */
+#define LUA_INT_TYPE	LUA_INT_INT
+#else  /* otherwise use 'long' */
+#define LUA_INT_TYPE	LUA_INT_LONG
+#endif
+#define LUA_FLOAT_TYPE	LUA_FLOAT_FLOAT
+
+#elif defined(LUA_C89_NUMBERS)	/* }{ */
+/*
+** largest types available for C89 ('long' and 'double')
+*/
+#define LUA_INT_TYPE	LUA_INT_LONG
+#define LUA_FLOAT_TYPE	LUA_FLOAT_DOUBLE
+
+#endif				/* } */
+
+
+/*
+** default configuration for 64-bit Lua ('long long' and 'double')
+*/
+#if !defined(LUA_INT_TYPE)
+#define LUA_INT_TYPE	LUA_INT_LONGLONG
+#endif
+
+#if !defined(LUA_FLOAT_TYPE)
+#define LUA_FLOAT_TYPE	LUA_FLOAT_DOUBLE
+#endif
+
+/* }================================================================== */
+
+
+
+
+/*
+** {==================================================================
+** Configuration for Paths.
+** ===================================================================
+*/
 
 /*
 @@ LUA_PATH_DEFAULT is the default path that Lua uses to look for
-@* Lua libraries.
+** Lua libraries.
 @@ LUA_CPATH_DEFAULT is the default path that Lua uses to look for
-@* C libraries.
+** C libraries.
 ** CHANGE them if your machine has a non-conventional directory
 ** hierarchy or if you want to install your libraries in
 ** non-conventional directories.
 */
+#define LUA_VDIR	LUA_VERSION_MAJOR "." LUA_VERSION_MINOR
 #if defined(_WIN32)	/* { */
 /*
 ** In Windows, any exclamation mark ('!') in the path is replaced by the
@@ -92,11 +177,16 @@
 */
 #define LUA_LDIR	"!\\lua\\"
 #define LUA_CDIR	"!\\"
+#define LUA_SHRDIR	"!\\..\\share\\lua\\" LUA_VDIR "\\"
 #define LUA_PATH_DEFAULT  \
 		LUA_LDIR"?.lua;"  LUA_LDIR"?\\init.lua;" \
-		LUA_CDIR"?.lua;"  LUA_CDIR"?\\init.lua;" ".\\?.lua"
+		LUA_CDIR"?.lua;"  LUA_CDIR"?\\init.lua;" \
+		LUA_SHRDIR"?.lua;" LUA_SHRDIR"?\\init.lua;" \
+		".\\?.lua;" ".\\?\\init.lua"
 #define LUA_CPATH_DEFAULT \
-		LUA_CDIR"?.dll;" LUA_CDIR"loadall.dll;" ".\\?.dll"
+		LUA_CDIR"?.dll;" \
+		LUA_CDIR"..\\lib\\lua\\" LUA_VDIR "\\?.dll;" \
+		LUA_CDIR"loadall.dll;" ".\\?.dll"
 
 #else			/* }{ */
 
@@ -104,7 +194,8 @@
 #define LUA_CDIR	"@cmoddir@/"
 #define LUA_PATH_DEFAULT  \
 		LUA_LDIR"?.lua;"  LUA_LDIR"?/init.lua;" \
-		LUA_CDIR"?.lua;"  LUA_CDIR"?/init.lua;" "./?.lua"
+		LUA_CDIR"?.lua;"  LUA_CDIR"?/init.lua;" \
+		"./?.lua;" "./?/init.lua"
 #define LUA_CPATH_DEFAULT \
 		LUA_CDIR"?.so;" LUA_CDIR"loadall.so;" "./?.so"
 #endif			/* } */
@@ -121,14 +212,14 @@
 #define LUA_DIRSEP	"/"
 #endif
 
+/* }================================================================== */
+
 
 /*
-@@ LUA_ENV is the name of the variable that holds the current
-@@ environment, used to access global names.
-** CHANGE it if you do not like this name.
+** {==================================================================
+** Marks for exported symbols in the C code
+** ===================================================================
 */
-#define LUA_ENV		"_ENV"
-
 
 /*
 @@ LUA_API is a mark for all core API functions.
@@ -161,10 +252,10 @@
 
 /*
 @@ LUAI_FUNC is a mark for all extern functions that are not to be
-@* exported to outside modules.
+** exported to outside modules.
 @@ LUAI_DDEF and LUAI_DDEC are marks for all extern (const) variables
-@* that are not to be exported to outside modules (LUAI_DDEF for
-@* definitions and LUAI_DDEC for declarations).
+** that are not to be exported to outside modules (LUAI_DDEF for
+** definitions and LUAI_DDEC for declarations).
 ** CHANGE them if you need to mark them in some special way. Elf/gcc
 ** (versions 3.2 and later) mark them as "hidden" to optimize access
 ** when Lua is compiled as a shared library. Not all elf targets support
@@ -176,74 +267,61 @@
 #if defined(__GNUC__) && ((__GNUC__*100 + __GNUC_MINOR__) >= 302) && \
     defined(__ELF__)		/* { */
 #define LUAI_FUNC	__attribute__((visibility("hidden"))) extern
-#define LUAI_DDEC	LUAI_FUNC
-#define LUAI_DDEF	/* empty */
-
 #else				/* }{ */
 #define LUAI_FUNC	extern
-#define LUAI_DDEC	extern
-#define LUAI_DDEF	/* empty */
 #endif				/* } */
 
+#define LUAI_DDEC	LUAI_FUNC
+#define LUAI_DDEF	/* empty */
+
+/* }================================================================== */
 
 
 /*
-@@ LUA_QL describes how error messages quote program elements.
-** CHANGE it if you want a different appearance.
+** {==================================================================
+** Compatibility with previous versions
+** ===================================================================
 */
-#define LUA_QL(x)	"'" x "'"
-#define LUA_QS		LUA_QL("%s")
-
 
 /*
-@@ LUA_IDSIZE gives the maximum size for the description of the source
-@* of a function in debug information.
-** CHANGE it if you want a different size.
+@@ LUA_COMPAT_5_2 controls other macros for compatibility with Lua 5.2.
+@@ LUA_COMPAT_5_1 controls other macros for compatibility with Lua 5.1.
+** You can define it to get all options, or change specific options
+** to fit your specific needs.
 */
-#define LUA_IDSIZE	60
-
+#if defined(LUA_COMPAT_5_2)	/* { */
 
 /*
-@@ luai_writestring/luai_writeline define how 'print' prints its results.
-** They are only used in libraries and the stand-alone program. (The #if
-** avoids including 'stdio.h' everywhere.)
+@@ LUA_COMPAT_MATHLIB controls the presence of several deprecated
+** functions in the mathematical library.
 */
-#if defined(LUA_LIB) || defined(lua_c)
-#include <stdio.h>
-#define luai_writestring(s,l)	fwrite((s), sizeof(char), (l), stdout)
-#define luai_writeline()	(luai_writestring("\n", 1), fflush(stdout))
-#endif
+#define LUA_COMPAT_MATHLIB
 
 /*
-@@ luai_writestringerror defines how to print error messages.
-** (A format string with one argument is enough for Lua...)
+@@ LUA_COMPAT_BITLIB controls the presence of library 'bit32'.
 */
-#define luai_writestringerror(s,p) \
-	(fprintf(stderr, (s), (p)), fflush(stderr))
+#define LUA_COMPAT_BITLIB
 
+/*
+@@ LUA_COMPAT_IPAIRS controls the effectiveness of the __ipairs metamethod.
+*/
+#define LUA_COMPAT_IPAIRS
 
 /*
-@@ LUAI_MAXSHORTLEN is the maximum length for short strings, that is,
-** strings that are internalized. (Cannot be smaller than reserved words
-** or tags for metamethods, as these strings must be internalized;
-** #("function") = 8, #("__newindex") = 10.)
+@@ LUA_COMPAT_APIINTCASTS controls the presence of macros for
+** manipulating other integer types (lua_pushunsigned, lua_tounsigned,
+** luaL_checkint, luaL_checklong, etc.)
 */
-#define LUAI_MAXSHORTLEN        40
+#define LUA_COMPAT_APIINTCASTS
 
+#endif				/* } */
 
 
-/*
-** {==================================================================
-** Compatibility with previous versions
-** ===================================================================
-*/
+#if defined(LUA_COMPAT_5_1)	/* { */
 
-/*
-@@ LUA_COMPAT_ALL controls all compatibility options.
-** You can define it to get all options, or change specific options
-** to fit your specific needs.
-*/
-#if defined(LUA_COMPAT_ALL)	/* { */
+/* Incompatibilities from 5.2 -> 5.3 */
+#define LUA_COMPAT_MATHLIB
+#define LUA_COMPAT_APIINTCASTS
 
 /*
 @@ LUA_COMPAT_UNPACK controls the presence of global 'unpack'.
@@ -304,237 +382,375 @@
 
 #endif				/* } */
 
+
+/*
+@@ LUA_COMPAT_FLOATSTRING makes Lua format integral floats without a
+@@ a float mark ('.0').
+** This macro is not on by default even in compatibility mode,
+** because this is not really an incompatibility.
+*/
+/* #define LUA_COMPAT_FLOATSTRING */
+
 /* }================================================================== */
 
 
 
 /*
-@@ LUAI_BITSINT defines the number of bits in an int.
-** CHANGE here if Lua cannot automatically detect the number of bits of
-** your machine. Probably you do not need to change this.
+** {==================================================================
+** Configuration for Numbers.
+** Change these definitions if no predefined LUA_FLOAT_* / LUA_INT_*
+** satisfy your needs.
+** ===================================================================
+*/
+
+/*
+@@ LUA_NUMBER is the floating-point type used by Lua.
+@@ LUAI_UACNUMBER is the result of an 'usual argument conversion'
+@@ over a floating number.
+@@ l_mathlim(x) corrects limit name 'x' to the proper float type
+** by prefixing it with one of FLT/DBL/LDBL.
+@@ LUA_NUMBER_FRMLEN is the length modifier for writing floats.
+@@ LUA_NUMBER_FMT is the format for writing floats.
+@@ lua_number2str converts a float to a string.
+@@ l_mathop allows the addition of an 'l' or 'f' to all math operations.
+@@ l_floor takes the floor of a float.
+@@ lua_str2number converts a decimal numeric string to a number.
 */
-/* avoid overflows in comparison */
-#if INT_MAX-20 < 32760		/* { */
-#define LUAI_BITSINT	16
-#elif INT_MAX > 2147483640L	/* }{ */
-/* int has at least 32 bits */
-#define LUAI_BITSINT	32
-#else				/* }{ */
-#error "you must define LUA_BITSINT with number of bits in an integer"
-#endif				/* } */
 
 
+/* The following definitions are good for most cases here */
+
+#define l_floor(x)		(l_mathop(floor)(x))
+
+#define lua_number2str(s,sz,n)	l_sprintf((s), sz, LUA_NUMBER_FMT, (n))
+
 /*
-@@ LUA_INT32 is an signed integer with exactly 32 bits.
-@@ LUAI_UMEM is an unsigned integer big enough to count the total
-@* memory used by Lua.
-@@ LUAI_MEM is a signed integer big enough to count the total memory
-@* used by Lua.
-** CHANGE here if for some weird reason the default definitions are not
-** good enough for your machine. Probably you do not need to change
-** this.
+@@ lua_numbertointeger converts a float number to an integer, or
+** returns 0 if float is not within the range of a lua_Integer.
+** (The range comparisons are tricky because of rounding. The tests
+** here assume a two-complement representation, where MININTEGER always
+** has an exact representation as a float; MAXINTEGER may not have one,
+** and therefore its conversion to float may have an ill-defined value.)
 */
-#if LUAI_BITSINT >= 32		/* { */
-#define LUA_INT32	int
-#define LUAI_UMEM	size_t
-#define LUAI_MEM	ptrdiff_t
-#else				/* }{ */
-/* 16-bit ints */
-#define LUA_INT32	long
-#define LUAI_UMEM	unsigned long
-#define LUAI_MEM	long
-#endif				/* } */
+#define lua_numbertointeger(n,p) \
+  ((n) >= (LUA_NUMBER)(LUA_MININTEGER) && \
+   (n) < -(LUA_NUMBER)(LUA_MININTEGER) && \
+      (*(p) = (LUA_INTEGER)(n), 1))
+
+
+/* now the variable definitions */
+
+#if LUA_FLOAT_TYPE == LUA_FLOAT_FLOAT		/* { single float */
+
+#define LUA_NUMBER	float
+
+#define l_mathlim(n)		(FLT_##n)
+
+#define LUAI_UACNUMBER	double
+
+#define LUA_NUMBER_FRMLEN	""
+#define LUA_NUMBER_FMT		"%.7g"
+
+#define l_mathop(op)		op##f
+
+#define lua_str2number(s,p)	strtof((s), (p))
+
+
+#elif LUA_FLOAT_TYPE == LUA_FLOAT_LONGDOUBLE	/* }{ long double */
+
+#define LUA_NUMBER	long double
+
+#define l_mathlim(n)		(LDBL_##n)
+
+#define LUAI_UACNUMBER	long double
+
+#define LUA_NUMBER_FRMLEN	"L"
+#define LUA_NUMBER_FMT		"%.19Lg"
+
+#define l_mathop(op)		op##l
+
+#define lua_str2number(s,p)	strtold((s), (p))
+
+#elif LUA_FLOAT_TYPE == LUA_FLOAT_DOUBLE	/* }{ double */
+
+#define LUA_NUMBER	double
+
+#define l_mathlim(n)		(DBL_##n)
+
+#define LUAI_UACNUMBER	double
+
+#define LUA_NUMBER_FRMLEN	""
+#define LUA_NUMBER_FMT		"%.14g"
+
+#define l_mathop(op)		op
+
+#define lua_str2number(s,p)	strtod((s), (p))
+
+#else						/* }{ */
+
+#error "numeric float type not defined"
+
+#endif					/* } */
+
 
 
 /*
-@@ LUAI_MAXSTACK limits the size of the Lua stack.
-** CHANGE it if you need a different limit. This limit is arbitrary;
-** its only purpose is to stop Lua to consume unlimited stack
-** space (and to reserve some numbers for pseudo-indices).
+@@ LUA_INTEGER is the integer type used by Lua.
+**
+@@ LUA_UNSIGNED is the unsigned version of LUA_INTEGER.
+**
+@@ LUAI_UACINT is the result of an 'usual argument conversion'
+@@ over a lUA_INTEGER.
+@@ LUA_INTEGER_FRMLEN is the length modifier for reading/writing integers.
+@@ LUA_INTEGER_FMT is the format for writing integers.
+@@ LUA_MAXINTEGER is the maximum value for a LUA_INTEGER.
+@@ LUA_MININTEGER is the minimum value for a LUA_INTEGER.
+@@ lua_integer2str converts an integer to a string.
 */
-#if LUAI_BITSINT >= 32
-#define LUAI_MAXSTACK		1000000
-#else
-#define LUAI_MAXSTACK		15000
-#endif
 
-/* reserve some space for error handling */
-#define LUAI_FIRSTPSEUDOIDX	(-LUAI_MAXSTACK - 1000)
 
+/* The following definitions are good for most cases here */
 
+#define LUA_INTEGER_FMT		"%" LUA_INTEGER_FRMLEN "d"
+#define lua_integer2str(s,sz,n)	l_sprintf((s), sz, LUA_INTEGER_FMT, (n))
 
+#define LUAI_UACINT		LUA_INTEGER
 
 /*
-@@ LUAL_BUFFERSIZE is the buffer size used by the lauxlib buffer system.
-** CHANGE it if it uses too much C-stack space.
+** use LUAI_UACINT here to avoid problems with promotions (which
+** can turn a comparison between unsigneds into a signed comparison)
 */
-#define LUAL_BUFFERSIZE		BUFSIZ
+#define LUA_UNSIGNED		unsigned LUAI_UACINT
 
 
+/* now the variable definitions */
+
+#if LUA_INT_TYPE == LUA_INT_INT		/* { int */
+
+#define LUA_INTEGER		int
+#define LUA_INTEGER_FRMLEN	""
+
+#define LUA_MAXINTEGER		INT_MAX
+#define LUA_MININTEGER		INT_MIN
+
+#elif LUA_INT_TYPE == LUA_INT_LONG	/* }{ long */
+
+#define LUA_INTEGER		long
+#define LUA_INTEGER_FRMLEN	"l"
+
+#define LUA_MAXINTEGER		LONG_MAX
+#define LUA_MININTEGER		LONG_MIN
+
+#elif LUA_INT_TYPE == LUA_INT_LONGLONG	/* }{ long long */
+
+/* use presence of macro LLONG_MAX as proxy for C99 compliance */
+#if defined(LLONG_MAX)		/* { */
+/* use ISO C99 stuff */
+
+#define LUA_INTEGER		long long
+#define LUA_INTEGER_FRMLEN	"ll"
+
+#define LUA_MAXINTEGER		LLONG_MAX
+#define LUA_MININTEGER		LLONG_MIN
+
+#elif defined(LUA_USE_WINDOWS) /* }{ */
+/* in Windows, can use specific Windows types */
+
+#define LUA_INTEGER		__int64
+#define LUA_INTEGER_FRMLEN	"I64"
+
+#define LUA_MAXINTEGER		_I64_MAX
+#define LUA_MININTEGER		_I64_MIN
+
+#else				/* }{ */
+
+#error "Compiler does not support 'long long'. Use option '-DLUA_32BITS' \
+  or '-DLUA_C89_NUMBERS' (see file 'luaconf.h' for details)"
+
+#endif				/* } */
+
+#else				/* }{ */
+
+#error "numeric integer type not defined"
+
+#endif				/* } */
+
+/* }================================================================== */
 
 
 /*
 ** {==================================================================
-@@ LUA_NUMBER is the type of numbers in Lua.
-** CHANGE the following definitions only if you want to build Lua
-** with a number type different from double. You may also need to
-** change lua_number2int & lua_number2integer.
+** Dependencies with C99 and other C details
 ** ===================================================================
 */
 
-#define LUA_NUMBER_DOUBLE
-#define LUA_NUMBER	double
-
 /*
-@@ LUAI_UACNUMBER is the result of an 'usual argument conversion'
-@* over a number.
+@@ l_sprintf is equivalent to 'snprintf' or 'sprintf' in C89.
+** (All uses in Lua have only one format item.)
 */
-#define LUAI_UACNUMBER	double
+#if !defined(LUA_USE_C89)
+#define l_sprintf(s,sz,f,i)	snprintf(s,sz,f,i)
+#else
+#define l_sprintf(s,sz,f,i)	((void)(sz), sprintf(s,f,i))
+#endif
 
 
 /*
-@@ LUA_NUMBER_SCAN is the format for reading numbers.
-@@ LUA_NUMBER_FMT is the format for writing numbers.
-@@ lua_number2str converts a number to a string.
-@@ LUAI_MAXNUMBER2STR is maximum size of previous conversion.
+@@ lua_strx2number converts an hexadecimal numeric string to a number.
+** In C99, 'strtod' does that conversion. Otherwise, you can
+** leave 'lua_strx2number' undefined and Lua will provide its own
+** implementation.
 */
-#define LUA_NUMBER_SCAN		"%lf"
-#define LUA_NUMBER_FMT		"%.14g"
-#define lua_number2str(s,n)	sprintf((s), LUA_NUMBER_FMT, (n))
-#define LUAI_MAXNUMBER2STR	32 /* 16 digits, sign, point, and \0 */
+#if !defined(LUA_USE_C89)
+#define lua_strx2number(s,p)		lua_str2number(s,p)
+#endif
 
 
 /*
-@@ l_mathop allows the addition of an 'l' or 'f' to all math operations
+@@ lua_number2strx converts a float to an hexadecimal numeric string. 
+** In C99, 'sprintf' (with format specifiers '%a'/'%A') does that.
+** Otherwise, you can leave 'lua_number2strx' undefined and Lua will
+** provide its own implementation.
 */
-#define l_mathop(x)		(x)
+#if !defined(LUA_USE_C89)
+#define lua_number2strx(L,b,sz,f,n)	l_sprintf(b,sz,f,n)
+#endif
 
 
 /*
-@@ lua_str2number converts a decimal numeric string to a number.
-@@ lua_strx2number converts an hexadecimal numeric string to a number.
-** In C99, 'strtod' does both conversions. C89, however, has no function
-** to convert floating hexadecimal strings to numbers. For these
-** systems, you can leave 'lua_strx2number' undefined and Lua will
-** provide its own implementation.
+** 'strtof' and 'opf' variants for math functions are not valid in
+** C89. Otherwise, the macro 'HUGE_VALF' is a good proxy for testing the
+** availability of these variants. ('math.h' is already included in
+** all files that use these macros.)
 */
-#define lua_str2number(s,p)	strtod((s), (p))
-
-#if defined(LUA_USE_STRTODHEX)
-#define lua_strx2number(s,p)	strtod((s), (p))
+#if defined(LUA_USE_C89) || (defined(HUGE_VAL) && !defined(HUGE_VALF))
+#undef l_mathop  /* variants not available */
+#undef lua_str2number
+#define l_mathop(op)		(lua_Number)op  /* no variant */
+#define lua_str2number(s,p)	((lua_Number)strtod((s), (p)))
 #endif
 
 
 /*
-@@ The luai_num* macros define the primitive operations over numbers.
+@@ LUA_KCONTEXT is the type of the context ('ctx') for continuation
+** functions.  It must be a numerical type; Lua will use 'intptr_t' if
+** available, otherwise it will use 'ptrdiff_t' (the nearest thing to
+** 'intptr_t' in C89)
 */
+#define LUA_KCONTEXT	ptrdiff_t
 
-/* the following operations need the math library */
-#if defined(lobject_c) || defined(lvm_c)
-#include <math.h>
-#define luai_nummod(L,a,b)	((a) - l_mathop(floor)((a)/(b))*(b))
-#define luai_numpow(L,a,b)	(l_mathop(pow)(a,b))
+#if !defined(LUA_USE_C89) && defined(__STDC_VERSION__) && \
+    __STDC_VERSION__ >= 199901L
+#include <stdint.h>
+#if defined(INTPTR_MAX)  /* even in C99 this type is optional */
+#undef LUA_KCONTEXT
+#define LUA_KCONTEXT	intptr_t
 #endif
-
-/* these are quite standard operations */
-#if defined(LUA_CORE)
-#define luai_numadd(L,a,b)	((a)+(b))
-#define luai_numsub(L,a,b)	((a)-(b))
-#define luai_nummul(L,a,b)	((a)*(b))
-#define luai_numdiv(L,a,b)	((a)/(b))
-#define luai_numunm(L,a)	(-(a))
-#define luai_numeq(a,b)		((a)==(b))
-#define luai_numlt(L,a,b)	((a)<(b))
-#define luai_numle(L,a,b)	((a)<=(b))
-#define luai_numisnan(L,a)	(!luai_numeq((a), (a)))
 #endif
 
 
-
 /*
-@@ LUA_INTEGER is the integral type used by lua_pushinteger/lua_tointeger.
-** CHANGE that if ptrdiff_t is not adequate on your machine. (On most
-** machines, ptrdiff_t gives a good choice between int or long.)
+@@ lua_getlocaledecpoint gets the locale "radix character" (decimal point).
+** Change that if you do not want to use C locales. (Code using this
+** macro must include header 'locale.h'.)
 */
-#define LUA_INTEGER	ptrdiff_t
-
-/*
-@@ LUA_UNSIGNED is the integral type used by lua_pushunsigned/lua_tounsigned.
-** It must have at least 32 bits.
-*/
-#define LUA_UNSIGNED	unsigned LUA_INT32
+#if !defined(lua_getlocaledecpoint)
+#define lua_getlocaledecpoint()		(localeconv()->decimal_point[0])
+#endif
 
+/* }================================================================== */
 
 
 /*
-** Some tricks with doubles
+** {==================================================================
+** Language Variations
+** =====================================================================
 */
 
-#if defined(LUA_NUMBER_DOUBLE) && !defined(LUA_ANSI)	/* { */
 /*
-** The next definitions activate some tricks to speed up the
-** conversion from doubles to integer types, mainly to LUA_UNSIGNED.
-**
-@@ LUA_MSASMTRICK uses Microsoft assembler to avoid clashes with a
-** DirectX idiosyncrasy.
-**
-@@ LUA_IEEE754TRICK uses a trick that should work on any machine
-** using IEEE754 with a 32-bit integer type.
-**
-@@ LUA_IEEELL extends the trick to LUA_INTEGER; should only be
-** defined when LUA_INTEGER is a 32-bit integer.
-**
-@@ LUA_IEEEENDIAN is the endianness of doubles in your machine
-** (0 for little endian, 1 for big endian); if not defined, Lua will
-** check it dynamically for LUA_IEEE754TRICK (but not for LUA_NANTRICK).
-**
-@@ LUA_NANTRICK controls the use of a trick to pack all types into
-** a single double value, using NaN values to represent non-number
-** values. The trick only works on 32-bit machines (ints and pointers
-** are 32-bit values) with numbers represented as IEEE 754-2008 doubles
-** with conventional endianess (12345678 or 87654321), in CPUs that do
-** not produce signaling NaN values (all NaNs are quiet).
+@@ LUA_NOCVTN2S/LUA_NOCVTS2N control how Lua performs some
+** coercions. Define LUA_NOCVTN2S to turn off automatic coercion from
+** numbers to strings. Define LUA_NOCVTS2N to turn off automatic
+** coercion from strings to numbers.
 */
+/* #define LUA_NOCVTN2S */
+/* #define LUA_NOCVTS2N */
 
-/* Microsoft compiler on a Pentium (32 bit) ? */
-#if defined(LUA_WIN) && defined(_MSC_VER) && defined(_M_IX86)	/* { */
-
-#define LUA_MSASMTRICK
-#define LUA_IEEEENDIAN		0
-#define LUA_NANTRICK
 
+/*
+@@ LUA_USE_APICHECK turns on several consistency checks on the C API.
+** Define it as a help when debugging C code.
+*/
+#if defined(LUA_USE_APICHECK)
+#include <assert.h>
+#define luai_apicheck(l,e)	assert(e)
+#endif
 
-/* pentium 32 bits? */
-#elif defined(__i386__) || defined(__i386) || defined(__X86__) /* }{ */
+/* }================================================================== */
 
-#define LUA_IEEE754TRICK
-#define LUA_IEEELL
-#define LUA_IEEEENDIAN		0
-#define LUA_NANTRICK
 
-/* pentium 64 bits? */
-#elif defined(__x86_64)						/* }{ */
+/*
+** {==================================================================
+** Macros that affect the API and must be stable (that is, must be the
+** same when you compile Lua and when you compile code that links to
+** Lua). You probably do not want/need to change them.
+** =====================================================================
+*/
 
-#define LUA_IEEE754TRICK
-#define LUA_IEEEENDIAN		0
+/*
+@@ LUAI_MAXSTACK limits the size of the Lua stack.
+** CHANGE it if you need a different limit. This limit is arbitrary;
+** its only purpose is to stop Lua from consuming unlimited stack
+** space (and to reserve some numbers for pseudo-indices).
+*/
+#if LUAI_BITSINT >= 32
+#define LUAI_MAXSTACK		1000000
+#else
+#define LUAI_MAXSTACK		15000
+#endif
 
-#elif defined(__POWERPC__) || defined(__ppc__)			/* }{ */
 
-#define LUA_IEEE754TRICK
-#define LUA_IEEEENDIAN		1
+/*
+@@ LUA_EXTRASPACE defines the size of a raw memory area associated with
+** a Lua state with very fast access.
+** CHANGE it if you need a different size.
+*/
+#define LUA_EXTRASPACE		(sizeof(void *))
 
-#else								/* }{ */
 
-/* assume IEEE754 and a 32-bit integer type */
-#define LUA_IEEE754TRICK
+/*
+@@ LUA_IDSIZE gives the maximum size for the description of the source
+@@ of a function in debug information.
+** CHANGE it if you want a different size.
+*/
+#define LUA_IDSIZE	60
 
-#endif								/* } */
 
-#endif							/* } */
+/*
+@@ LUAL_BUFFERSIZE is the buffer size used by the lauxlib buffer system.
+** CHANGE it if it uses too much C-stack space. (For long double,
+** 'string.format("%.99f", 1e4932)' needs ~5030 bytes, so a
+** smaller buffer would force a memory allocation for each call to
+** 'string.format'.)
+*/
+#if defined(LUA_FLOAT_LONGDOUBLE)
+#define LUAL_BUFFERSIZE		8192
+#else
+#define LUAL_BUFFERSIZE   ((int)(0x80 * sizeof(void*) * sizeof(lua_Integer)))
+#endif
 
 /* }================================================================== */
 
 
+/*
+@@ LUA_QL describes how error messages quote program elements.
+** Lua does not use these macros anymore; they are here for
+** compatibility only.
+*/
+#define LUA_QL(x)	"'" x "'"
+#define LUA_QS		LUA_QL("%s")
+
+
 
 
 /* =================================================================== */
@@ -546,5 +762,7 @@
 
 
 
+
+
 #endif
 
diff --git a/lua/lualib.h b/lua/lualib.h
index da82005..5165c0f 100644
--- a/lua/lualib.h
+++ b/lua/lualib.h
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
-** $Id: lualib.h,v 1.43.1.1 2013/04/12 18:48:47 roberto Exp $
+** $Id: lualib.h,v 1.44 2014/02/06 17:32:33 roberto Exp $
 ** Lua standard libraries
 ** See Copyright Notice in lua.h
 */
@@ -29,6 +29,9 @@ LUAMOD_API int (luaopen_os) (lua_State *L);
 #define LUA_STRLIBNAME	"string"
 LUAMOD_API int (luaopen_string) (lua_State *L);
 
+#define LUA_UTF8LIBNAME	"utf8"
+LUAMOD_API int (luaopen_utf8) (lua_State *L);
+
 #define LUA_BITLIBNAME	"bit32"
 LUAMOD_API int (luaopen_bit32) (lua_State *L);
 
diff --git a/lua/lundump.c b/lua/lundump.c
index 4163cb5..4080af9 100644
--- a/lua/lundump.c
+++ b/lua/lundump.c
@@ -1,14 +1,17 @@
 /*
-** $Id: lundump.c,v 2.22.1.1 2013/04/12 18:48:47 roberto Exp $
+** $Id: lundump.c,v 2.44 2015/11/02 16:09:30 roberto Exp $
 ** load precompiled Lua chunks
 ** See Copyright Notice in lua.h
 */
 
-#include <string.h>
-
 #define lundump_c
 #define LUA_CORE
 
+#include "lprefix.h"
+
+
+#include <string.h>
+
 #include "lua.h"
 
 #include "ldebug.h"
@@ -20,239 +23,257 @@
 #include "lundump.h"
 #include "lzio.h"
 
+
+#if !defined(luai_verifycode)
+#define luai_verifycode(L,b,f)  /* empty */
+#endif
+
+
 typedef struct {
- lua_State* L;
- ZIO* Z;
- Mbuffer* b;
- const char* name;
+  lua_State *L;
+  ZIO *Z;
+  const char *name;
 } LoadState;
 
-static l_noret error(LoadState* S, const char* why)
-{
- luaO_pushfstring(S->L,"%s: %s precompiled chunk",S->name,why);
- luaD_throw(S->L,LUA_ERRSYNTAX);
+
+static l_noret error(LoadState *S, const char *why) {
+  luaO_pushfstring(S->L, "%s: %s precompiled chunk", S->name, why);
+  luaD_throw(S->L, LUA_ERRSYNTAX);
 }
 
-#define LoadMem(S,b,n,size)	LoadBlock(S,b,(n)*(size))
-#define LoadByte(S)		(lu_byte)LoadChar(S)
-#define LoadVar(S,x)		LoadMem(S,&x,1,sizeof(x))
-#define LoadVector(S,b,n,size)	LoadMem(S,b,n,size)
 
-#if !defined(luai_verifycode)
-#define luai_verifycode(L,b,f)	/* empty */
-#endif
+/*
+** All high-level loads go through LoadVector; you can change it to
+** adapt to the endianness of the input
+*/
+#define LoadVector(S,b,n)	LoadBlock(S,b,(n)*sizeof((b)[0]))
 
-static void LoadBlock(LoadState* S, void* b, size_t size)
-{
- if (luaZ_read(S->Z,b,size)!=0) error(S,"truncated");
+static void LoadBlock (LoadState *S, void *b, size_t size) {
+  if (luaZ_read(S->Z, b, size) != 0)
+    error(S, "truncated");
 }
 
-static int LoadChar(LoadState* S)
-{
- char x;
- LoadVar(S,x);
- return x;
+
+#define LoadVar(S,x)		LoadVector(S,&x,1)
+
+
+static lu_byte LoadByte (LoadState *S) {
+  lu_byte x;
+  LoadVar(S, x);
+  return x;
 }
 
-static int LoadInt(LoadState* S)
-{
- int x;
- LoadVar(S,x);
- if (x<0) error(S,"corrupted");
- return x;
+
+static int LoadInt (LoadState *S) {
+  int x;
+  LoadVar(S, x);
+  return x;
 }
 
-static lua_Number LoadNumber(LoadState* S)
-{
- lua_Number x;
- LoadVar(S,x);
- return x;
+
+static lua_Number LoadNumber (LoadState *S) {
+  lua_Number x;
+  LoadVar(S, x);
+  return x;
 }
 
-static TString* LoadString(LoadState* S)
-{
- size_t size;
- LoadVar(S,size);
- if (size==0)
-  return NULL;
- else
- {
-  char* s=luaZ_openspace(S->L,S->b,size);
-  LoadBlock(S,s,size*sizeof(char));
-  return luaS_newlstr(S->L,s,size-1);		/* remove trailing '\0' */
- }
+
+static lua_Integer LoadInteger (LoadState *S) {
+  lua_Integer x;
+  LoadVar(S, x);
+  return x;
 }
 
-static void LoadCode(LoadState* S, Proto* f)
-{
- int n=LoadInt(S);
- f->code=luaM_newvector(S->L,n,Instruction);
- f->sizecode=n;
- LoadVector(S,f->code,n,sizeof(Instruction));
+
+static TString *LoadString (LoadState *S) {
+  size_t size = LoadByte(S);
+  if (size == 0xFF)
+    LoadVar(S, size);
+  if (size == 0)
+    return NULL;
+  else if (--size <= LUAI_MAXSHORTLEN) {  /* short string? */
+    char buff[LUAI_MAXSHORTLEN];
+    LoadVector(S, buff, size);
+    return luaS_newlstr(S->L, buff, size);
+  }
+  else {  /* long string */
+    TString *ts = luaS_createlngstrobj(S->L, size);
+    LoadVector(S, getstr(ts), size);  /* load directly in final place */
+    return ts;
+  }
 }
 
-static void LoadFunction(LoadState* S, Proto* f);
-
-static void LoadConstants(LoadState* S, Proto* f)
-{
- int i,n;
- n=LoadInt(S);
- f->k=luaM_newvector(S->L,n,TValue);
- f->sizek=n;
- for (i=0; i<n; i++) setnilvalue(&f->k[i]);
- for (i=0; i<n; i++)
- {
-  TValue* o=&f->k[i];
-  int t=LoadChar(S);
-  switch (t)
-  {
-   case LUA_TNIL:
-	setnilvalue(o);
-	break;
-   case LUA_TBOOLEAN:
-	setbvalue(o,LoadChar(S));
-	break;
-   case LUA_TNUMBER:
-	setnvalue(o,LoadNumber(S));
-	break;
-   case LUA_TSTRING:
-	setsvalue2n(S->L,o,LoadString(S));
-	break;
-    default: lua_assert(0);
+
+static void LoadCode (LoadState *S, Proto *f) {
+  int n = LoadInt(S);
+  f->code = luaM_newvector(S->L, n, Instruction);
+  f->sizecode = n;
+  LoadVector(S, f->code, n);
+}
+
+
+static void LoadFunction(LoadState *S, Proto *f, TString *psource);
+
+
+static void LoadConstants (LoadState *S, Proto *f) {
+  int i;
+  int n = LoadInt(S);
+  f->k = luaM_newvector(S->L, n, TValue);
+  f->sizek = n;
+  for (i = 0; i < n; i++)
+    setnilvalue(&f->k[i]);
+  for (i = 0; i < n; i++) {
+    TValue *o = &f->k[i];
+    int t = LoadByte(S);
+    switch (t) {
+    case LUA_TNIL:
+      setnilvalue(o);
+      break;
+    case LUA_TBOOLEAN:
+      setbvalue(o, LoadByte(S));
+      break;
+    case LUA_TNUMFLT:
+      setfltvalue(o, LoadNumber(S));
+      break;
+    case LUA_TNUMINT:
+      setivalue(o, LoadInteger(S));
+      break;
+    case LUA_TSHRSTR:
+    case LUA_TLNGSTR:
+      setsvalue2n(S->L, o, LoadString(S));
+      break;
+    default:
+      lua_assert(0);
+    }
   }
- }
- n=LoadInt(S);
- f->p=luaM_newvector(S->L,n,Proto*);
- f->sizep=n;
- for (i=0; i<n; i++) f->p[i]=NULL;
- for (i=0; i<n; i++)
- {
-  f->p[i]=luaF_newproto(S->L);
-  LoadFunction(S,f->p[i]);
- }
 }
 
-static void LoadUpvalues(LoadState* S, Proto* f)
-{
- int i,n;
- n=LoadInt(S);
- f->upvalues=luaM_newvector(S->L,n,Upvaldesc);
- f->sizeupvalues=n;
- for (i=0; i<n; i++) f->upvalues[i].name=NULL;
- for (i=0; i<n; i++)
- {
-  f->upvalues[i].instack=LoadByte(S);
-  f->upvalues[i].idx=LoadByte(S);
- }
+
+static void LoadProtos (LoadState *S, Proto *f) {
+  int i;
+  int n = LoadInt(S);
+  f->p = luaM_newvector(S->L, n, Proto *);
+  f->sizep = n;
+  for (i = 0; i < n; i++)
+    f->p[i] = NULL;
+  for (i = 0; i < n; i++) {
+    f->p[i] = luaF_newproto(S->L);
+    LoadFunction(S, f->p[i], f->source);
+  }
 }
 
-static void LoadDebug(LoadState* S, Proto* f)
-{
- int i,n;
- f->source=LoadString(S);
- n=LoadInt(S);
- f->lineinfo=luaM_newvector(S->L,n,int);
- f->sizelineinfo=n;
- LoadVector(S,f->lineinfo,n,sizeof(int));
- n=LoadInt(S);
- f->locvars=luaM_newvector(S->L,n,LocVar);
- f->sizelocvars=n;
- for (i=0; i<n; i++) f->locvars[i].varname=NULL;
- for (i=0; i<n; i++)
- {
-  f->locvars[i].varname=LoadString(S);
-  f->locvars[i].startpc=LoadInt(S);
-  f->locvars[i].endpc=LoadInt(S);
- }
- n=LoadInt(S);
- for (i=0; i<n; i++) f->upvalues[i].name=LoadString(S);
+
+static void LoadUpvalues (LoadState *S, Proto *f) {
+  int i, n;
+  n = LoadInt(S);
+  f->upvalues = luaM_newvector(S->L, n, Upvaldesc);
+  f->sizeupvalues = n;
+  for (i = 0; i < n; i++)
+    f->upvalues[i].name = NULL;
+  for (i = 0; i < n; i++) {
+    f->upvalues[i].instack = LoadByte(S);
+    f->upvalues[i].idx = LoadByte(S);
+  }
 }
 
-static void LoadFunction(LoadState* S, Proto* f)
-{
- f->linedefined=LoadInt(S);
- f->lastlinedefined=LoadInt(S);
- f->numparams=LoadByte(S);
- f->is_vararg=LoadByte(S);
- f->maxstacksize=LoadByte(S);
- LoadCode(S,f);
- LoadConstants(S,f);
- LoadUpvalues(S,f);
- LoadDebug(S,f);
+
+static void LoadDebug (LoadState *S, Proto *f) {
+  int i, n;
+  n = LoadInt(S);
+  f->lineinfo = luaM_newvector(S->L, n, int);
+  f->sizelineinfo = n;
+  LoadVector(S, f->lineinfo, n);
+  n = LoadInt(S);
+  f->locvars = luaM_newvector(S->L, n, LocVar);
+  f->sizelocvars = n;
+  for (i = 0; i < n; i++)
+    f->locvars[i].varname = NULL;
+  for (i = 0; i < n; i++) {
+    f->locvars[i].varname = LoadString(S);
+    f->locvars[i].startpc = LoadInt(S);
+    f->locvars[i].endpc = LoadInt(S);
+  }
+  n = LoadInt(S);
+  for (i = 0; i < n; i++)
+    f->upvalues[i].name = LoadString(S);
 }
 
-/* the code below must be consistent with the code in luaU_header */
-#define N0	LUAC_HEADERSIZE
-#define N1	(sizeof(LUA_SIGNATURE)-sizeof(char))
-#define N2	N1+2
-#define N3	N2+6
-
-static void LoadHeader(LoadState* S)
-{
- lu_byte h[LUAC_HEADERSIZE];
- lu_byte s[LUAC_HEADERSIZE];
- luaU_header(h);
- memcpy(s,h,sizeof(char));			/* first char already read */
- LoadBlock(S,s+sizeof(char),LUAC_HEADERSIZE-sizeof(char));
- if (memcmp(h,s,N0)==0) return;
- if (memcmp(h,s,N1)!=0) error(S,"not a");
- if (memcmp(h,s,N2)!=0) error(S,"version mismatch in");
- if (memcmp(h,s,N3)!=0) error(S,"incompatible"); else error(S,"corrupted");
+
+static void LoadFunction (LoadState *S, Proto *f, TString *psource) {
+  f->source = LoadString(S);
+  if (f->source == NULL)  /* no source in dump? */
+    f->source = psource;  /* reuse parent's source */
+  f->linedefined = LoadInt(S);
+  f->lastlinedefined = LoadInt(S);
+  f->numparams = LoadByte(S);
+  f->is_vararg = LoadByte(S);
+  f->maxstacksize = LoadByte(S);
+  LoadCode(S, f);
+  LoadConstants(S, f);
+  LoadUpvalues(S, f);
+  LoadProtos(S, f);
+  LoadDebug(S, f);
 }
 
-/*
-** load precompiled chunk
-*/
-Closure* luaU_undump (lua_State* L, ZIO* Z, Mbuffer* buff, const char* name)
-{
- LoadState S;
- Closure* cl;
- if (*name=='@' || *name=='=')
-  S.name=name+1;
- else if (*name==LUA_SIGNATURE[0])
-  S.name="binary string";
- else
-  S.name=name;
- S.L=L;
- S.Z=Z;
- S.b=buff;
- LoadHeader(&S);
- cl=luaF_newLclosure(L,1);
- setclLvalue(L,L->top,cl); incr_top(L);
- cl->l.p=luaF_newproto(L);
- LoadFunction(&S,cl->l.p);
- if (cl->l.p->sizeupvalues != 1)
- {
-  Proto* p=cl->l.p;
-  cl=luaF_newLclosure(L,cl->l.p->sizeupvalues);
-  cl->l.p=p;
-  setclLvalue(L,L->top-1,cl);
- }
- luai_verifycode(L,buff,cl->l.p);
- return cl;
+
+static void checkliteral (LoadState *S, const char *s, const char *msg) {
+  char buff[sizeof(LUA_SIGNATURE) + sizeof(LUAC_DATA)]; /* larger than both */
+  size_t len = strlen(s);
+  LoadVector(S, buff, len);
+  if (memcmp(s, buff, len) != 0)
+    error(S, msg);
+}
+
+
+static void fchecksize (LoadState *S, size_t size, const char *tname) {
+  if (LoadByte(S) != size)
+    error(S, luaO_pushfstring(S->L, "%s size mismatch in", tname));
+}
+
+
+#define checksize(S,t)	fchecksize(S,sizeof(t),#t)
+
+static void checkHeader (LoadState *S) {
+  checkliteral(S, LUA_SIGNATURE + 1, "not a");  /* 1st char already checked */
+  if (LoadByte(S) != LUAC_VERSION)
+    error(S, "version mismatch in");
+  if (LoadByte(S) != LUAC_FORMAT)
+    error(S, "format mismatch in");
+  checkliteral(S, LUAC_DATA, "corrupted");
+  checksize(S, int);
+  checksize(S, size_t);
+  checksize(S, Instruction);
+  checksize(S, lua_Integer);
+  checksize(S, lua_Number);
+  if (LoadInteger(S) != LUAC_INT)
+    error(S, "endianness mismatch in");
+  if (LoadNumber(S) != LUAC_NUM)
+    error(S, "float format mismatch in");
 }
 
-#define MYINT(s)	(s[0]-'0')
-#define VERSION		MYINT(LUA_VERSION_MAJOR)*16+MYINT(LUA_VERSION_MINOR)
-#define FORMAT		0		/* this is the official format */
 
 /*
-* make header for precompiled chunks
-* if you change the code below be sure to update LoadHeader and FORMAT above
-* and LUAC_HEADERSIZE in lundump.h
+** load precompiled chunk
 */
-void luaU_header (lu_byte* h)
-{
- int x=1;
- memcpy(h,LUA_SIGNATURE,sizeof(LUA_SIGNATURE)-sizeof(char));
- h+=sizeof(LUA_SIGNATURE)-sizeof(char);
- *h++=cast_byte(VERSION);
- *h++=cast_byte(FORMAT);
- *h++=cast_byte(*(char*)&x);			/* endianness */
- *h++=cast_byte(sizeof(int));
- *h++=cast_byte(sizeof(size_t));
- *h++=cast_byte(sizeof(Instruction));
- *h++=cast_byte(sizeof(lua_Number));
- *h++=cast_byte(((lua_Number)0.5)==0);		/* is lua_Number integral? */
- memcpy(h,LUAC_TAIL,sizeof(LUAC_TAIL)-sizeof(char));
+LClosure *luaU_undump(lua_State *L, ZIO *Z, const char *name) {
+  LoadState S;
+  LClosure *cl;
+  if (*name == '@' || *name == '=')
+    S.name = name + 1;
+  else if (*name == LUA_SIGNATURE[0])
+    S.name = "binary string";
+  else
+    S.name = name;
+  S.L = L;
+  S.Z = Z;
+  checkHeader(&S);
+  cl = luaF_newLclosure(L, LoadByte(&S));
+  setclLvalue(L, L->top, cl);
+  luaD_inctop(L);
+  cl->p = luaF_newproto(L);
+  LoadFunction(&S, cl->p, NULL);
+  lua_assert(cl->nupvalues == cl->p->sizeupvalues);
+  luai_verifycode(L, buff, cl->p);
+  return cl;
 }
+
diff --git a/lua/lundump.h b/lua/lundump.h
index 5255db2..aa5cc82 100644
--- a/lua/lundump.h
+++ b/lua/lundump.h
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
-** $Id: lundump.h,v 1.39.1.1 2013/04/12 18:48:47 roberto Exp $
+** $Id: lundump.h,v 1.45 2015/09/08 15:41:05 roberto Exp $
 ** load precompiled Lua chunks
 ** See Copyright Notice in lua.h
 */
@@ -7,22 +7,26 @@
 #ifndef lundump_h
 #define lundump_h
 
+#include "llimits.h"
 #include "lobject.h"
 #include "lzio.h"
 
-/* load one chunk; from lundump.c */
-LUAI_FUNC Closure* luaU_undump (lua_State* L, ZIO* Z, Mbuffer* buff, const char* name);
 
-/* make header; from lundump.c */
-LUAI_FUNC void luaU_header (lu_byte* h);
+/* data to catch conversion errors */
+#define LUAC_DATA	"\x19\x93\r\n\x1a\n"
 
-/* dump one chunk; from ldump.c */
-LUAI_FUNC int luaU_dump (lua_State* L, const Proto* f, lua_Writer w, void* data, int strip);
+#define LUAC_INT	0x5678
+#define LUAC_NUM	cast_num(370.5)
 
-/* data to catch conversion errors */
-#define LUAC_TAIL		"\x19\x93\r\n\x1a\n"
+#define MYINT(s)	(s[0]-'0')
+#define LUAC_VERSION	(MYINT(LUA_VERSION_MAJOR)*16+MYINT(LUA_VERSION_MINOR))
+#define LUAC_FORMAT	0	/* this is the official format */
 
-/* size in bytes of header of binary files */
-#define LUAC_HEADERSIZE		(sizeof(LUA_SIGNATURE)-sizeof(char)+2+6+sizeof(LUAC_TAIL)-sizeof(char))
+/* load one chunk; from lundump.c */
+LUAI_FUNC LClosure* luaU_undump (lua_State* L, ZIO* Z, const char* name);
+
+/* dump one chunk; from ldump.c */
+LUAI_FUNC int luaU_dump (lua_State* L, const Proto* f, lua_Writer w,
+                         void* data, int strip);
 
 #endif
diff --git a/lua/lutf8lib.c b/lua/lutf8lib.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..9042582
--- /dev/null
+++ b/lua/lutf8lib.c
@@ -0,0 +1,256 @@
+/*
+** $Id: lutf8lib.c,v 1.15 2015/03/28 19:16:55 roberto Exp $
+** Standard library for UTF-8 manipulation
+** See Copyright Notice in lua.h
+*/
+
+#define lutf8lib_c
+#define LUA_LIB
+
+#include "lprefix.h"
+
+
+#include <assert.h>
+#include <limits.h>
+#include <stdlib.h>
+#include <string.h>
+
+#include "lua.h"
+
+#include "lauxlib.h"
+#include "lualib.h"
+
+#define MAXUNICODE	0x10FFFF
+
+#define iscont(p)	((*(p) & 0xC0) == 0x80)
+
+
+/* from strlib */
+/* translate a relative string position: negative means back from end */
+static lua_Integer u_posrelat (lua_Integer pos, size_t len) {
+  if (pos >= 0) return pos;
+  else if (0u - (size_t)pos > len) return 0;
+  else return (lua_Integer)len + pos + 1;
+}
+
+
+/*
+** Decode one UTF-8 sequence, returning NULL if byte sequence is invalid.
+*/
+static const char *utf8_decode (const char *o, int *val) {
+  static const unsigned int limits[] = {0xFF, 0x7F, 0x7FF, 0xFFFF};
+  const unsigned char *s = (const unsigned char *)o;
+  unsigned int c = s[0];
+  unsigned int res = 0;  /* final result */
+  if (c < 0x80)  /* ascii? */
+    res = c;
+  else {
+    int count = 0;  /* to count number of continuation bytes */
+    while (c & 0x40) {  /* still have continuation bytes? */
+      int cc = s[++count];  /* read next byte */
+      if ((cc & 0xC0) != 0x80)  /* not a continuation byte? */
+        return NULL;  /* invalid byte sequence */
+      res = (res << 6) | (cc & 0x3F);  /* add lower 6 bits from cont. byte */
+      c <<= 1;  /* to test next bit */
+    }
+    res |= ((c & 0x7F) << (count * 5));  /* add first byte */
+    if (count > 3 || res > MAXUNICODE || res <= limits[count])
+      return NULL;  /* invalid byte sequence */
+    s += count;  /* skip continuation bytes read */
+  }
+  if (val) *val = res;
+  return (const char *)s + 1;  /* +1 to include first byte */
+}
+
+
+/*
+** utf8len(s [, i [, j]]) --> number of characters that start in the
+** range [i,j], or nil + current position if 's' is not well formed in
+** that interval
+*/
+static int utflen (lua_State *L) {
+  int n = 0;
+  size_t len;
+  const char *s = luaL_checklstring(L, 1, &len);
+  lua_Integer posi = u_posrelat(luaL_optinteger(L, 2, 1), len);
+  lua_Integer posj = u_posrelat(luaL_optinteger(L, 3, -1), len);
+  luaL_argcheck(L, 1 <= posi && --posi <= (lua_Integer)len, 2,
+                   "initial position out of string");
+  luaL_argcheck(L, --posj < (lua_Integer)len, 3,
+                   "final position out of string");
+  while (posi <= posj) {
+    const char *s1 = utf8_decode(s + posi, NULL);
+    if (s1 == NULL) {  /* conversion error? */
+      lua_pushnil(L);  /* return nil ... */
+      lua_pushinteger(L, posi + 1);  /* ... and current position */
+      return 2;
+    }
+    posi = s1 - s;
+    n++;
+  }
+  lua_pushinteger(L, n);
+  return 1;
+}
+
+
+/*
+** codepoint(s, [i, [j]])  -> returns codepoints for all characters
+** that start in the range [i,j]
+*/
+static int codepoint (lua_State *L) {
+  size_t len;
+  const char *s = luaL_checklstring(L, 1, &len);
+  lua_Integer posi = u_posrelat(luaL_optinteger(L, 2, 1), len);
+  lua_Integer pose = u_posrelat(luaL_optinteger(L, 3, posi), len);
+  int n;
+  const char *se;
+  luaL_argcheck(L, posi >= 1, 2, "out of range");
+  luaL_argcheck(L, pose <= (lua_Integer)len, 3, "out of range");
+  if (posi > pose) return 0;  /* empty interval; return no values */
+  if (pose - posi >= INT_MAX)  /* (lua_Integer -> int) overflow? */
+    return luaL_error(L, "string slice too long");
+  n = (int)(pose -  posi) + 1;
+  luaL_checkstack(L, n, "string slice too long");
+  n = 0;
+  se = s + pose;
+  for (s += posi - 1; s < se;) {
+    int code;
+    s = utf8_decode(s, &code);
+    if (s == NULL)
+      return luaL_error(L, "invalid UTF-8 code");
+    lua_pushinteger(L, code);
+    n++;
+  }
+  return n;
+}
+
+
+static void pushutfchar (lua_State *L, int arg) {
+  lua_Integer code = luaL_checkinteger(L, arg);
+  luaL_argcheck(L, 0 <= code && code <= MAXUNICODE, arg, "value out of range");
+  lua_pushfstring(L, "%U", (long)code);
+}
+
+
+/*
+** utfchar(n1, n2, ...)  -> char(n1)..char(n2)...
+*/
+static int utfchar (lua_State *L) {
+  int n = lua_gettop(L);  /* number of arguments */
+  if (n == 1)  /* optimize common case of single char */
+    pushutfchar(L, 1);
+  else {
+    int i;
+    luaL_Buffer b;
+    luaL_buffinit(L, &b);
+    for (i = 1; i <= n; i++) {
+      pushutfchar(L, i);
+      luaL_addvalue(&b);
+    }
+    luaL_pushresult(&b);
+  }
+  return 1;
+}
+
+
+/*
+** offset(s, n, [i])  -> index where n-th character counting from
+**   position 'i' starts; 0 means character at 'i'.
+*/
+static int byteoffset (lua_State *L) {
+  size_t len;
+  const char *s = luaL_checklstring(L, 1, &len);
+  lua_Integer n  = luaL_checkinteger(L, 2);
+  lua_Integer posi = (n >= 0) ? 1 : len + 1;
+  posi = u_posrelat(luaL_optinteger(L, 3, posi), len);
+  luaL_argcheck(L, 1 <= posi && --posi <= (lua_Integer)len, 3,
+                   "position out of range");
+  if (n == 0) {
+    /* find beginning of current byte sequence */
+    while (posi > 0 && iscont(s + posi)) posi--;
+  }
+  else {
+    if (iscont(s + posi))
+      luaL_error(L, "initial position is a continuation byte");
+    if (n < 0) {
+       while (n < 0 && posi > 0) {  /* move back */
+         do {  /* find beginning of previous character */
+           posi--;
+         } while (posi > 0 && iscont(s + posi));
+         n++;
+       }
+     }
+     else {
+       n--;  /* do not move for 1st character */
+       while (n > 0 && posi < (lua_Integer)len) {
+         do {  /* find beginning of next character */
+           posi++;
+         } while (iscont(s + posi));  /* (cannot pass final '\0') */
+         n--;
+       }
+     }
+  }
+  if (n == 0)  /* did it find given character? */
+    lua_pushinteger(L, posi + 1);
+  else  /* no such character */
+    lua_pushnil(L);
+  return 1;  
+}
+
+
+static int iter_aux (lua_State *L) {
+  size_t len;
+  const char *s = luaL_checklstring(L, 1, &len);
+  lua_Integer n = lua_tointeger(L, 2) - 1;
+  if (n < 0)  /* first iteration? */
+    n = 0;  /* start from here */
+  else if (n < (lua_Integer)len) {
+    n++;  /* skip current byte */
+    while (iscont(s + n)) n++;  /* and its continuations */
+  }
+  if (n >= (lua_Integer)len)
+    return 0;  /* no more codepoints */
+  else {
+    int code;
+    const char *next = utf8_decode(s + n, &code);
+    if (next == NULL || iscont(next))
+      return luaL_error(L, "invalid UTF-8 code");
+    lua_pushinteger(L, n + 1);
+    lua_pushinteger(L, code);
+    return 2;
+  }
+}
+
+
+static int iter_codes (lua_State *L) {
+  luaL_checkstring(L, 1);
+  lua_pushcfunction(L, iter_aux);
+  lua_pushvalue(L, 1);
+  lua_pushinteger(L, 0);
+  return 3;
+}
+
+
+/* pattern to match a single UTF-8 character */
+#define UTF8PATT	"[\0-\x7F\xC2-\xF4][\x80-\xBF]*"
+
+
+static const luaL_Reg funcs[] = {
+  {"offset", byteoffset},
+  {"codepoint", codepoint},
+  {"char", utfchar},
+  {"len", utflen},
+  {"codes", iter_codes},
+  /* placeholders */
+  {"charpattern", NULL},
+  {NULL, NULL}
+};
+
+
+LUAMOD_API int luaopen_utf8 (lua_State *L) {
+  luaL_newlib(L, funcs);
+  lua_pushlstring(L, UTF8PATT, sizeof(UTF8PATT)/sizeof(char) - 1);
+  lua_setfield(L, -2, "charpattern");
+  return 1;
+}
+
diff --git a/lua/lvm.c b/lua/lvm.c
index 141b9fd..aba7ace 100644
--- a/lua/lvm.c
+++ b/lua/lvm.c
@@ -1,17 +1,21 @@
 /*
-** $Id: lvm.c,v 2.155.1.1 2013/04/12 18:48:47 roberto Exp $
+** $Id: lvm.c,v 2.265 2015/11/23 11:30:45 roberto Exp $
 ** Lua virtual machine
 ** See Copyright Notice in lua.h
 */
 
+#define lvm_c
+#define LUA_CORE
+
+#include "lprefix.h"
 
+#include <float.h>
+#include <limits.h>
+#include <math.h>
 #include <stdio.h>
 #include <stdlib.h>
 #include <string.h>
 
-#define lvm_c
-#define LUA_CORE
-
 #include "lua.h"
 
 #include "ldebug.h"
@@ -27,304 +31,465 @@
 #include "lvm.h"
 
 
-
 /* limit for table tag-method chains (to avoid loops) */
-#define MAXTAGLOOP	100
+#define MAXTAGLOOP	2000
 
 
-const TValue *luaV_tonumber (const TValue *obj, TValue *n) {
-  lua_Number num;
-  if (ttisnumber(obj)) return obj;
-  if (ttisstring(obj) && luaO_str2d(svalue(obj), tsvalue(obj)->len, &num)) {
-    setnvalue(n, num);
-    return n;
-  }
-  else
-    return NULL;
-}
 
+/*
+** 'l_intfitsf' checks whether a given integer can be converted to a
+** float without rounding. Used in comparisons. Left undefined if
+** all integers fit in a float precisely.
+*/
+#if !defined(l_intfitsf)
 
-int luaV_tostring (lua_State *L, StkId obj) {
-  if (!ttisnumber(obj))
-    return 0;
-  else {
-    char s[LUAI_MAXNUMBER2STR];
-    lua_Number n = nvalue(obj);
-    int l = lua_number2str(s, n);
-    setsvalue2s(L, obj, luaS_newlstr(L, s, l));
+/* number of bits in the mantissa of a float */
+#define NBM		(l_mathlim(MANT_DIG))
+
+/*
+** Check whether some integers may not fit in a float, that is, whether
+** (maxinteger >> NBM) > 0 (that implies (1 << NBM) <= maxinteger).
+** (The shifts are done in parts to avoid shifting by more than the size
+** of an integer. In a worst case, NBM == 113 for long double and
+** sizeof(integer) == 32.)
+*/
+#if ((((LUA_MAXINTEGER >> (NBM / 4)) >> (NBM / 4)) >> (NBM / 4)) \
+	>> (NBM - (3 * (NBM / 4))))  >  0
+
+#define l_intfitsf(i)  \
+  (-((lua_Integer)1 << NBM) <= (i) && (i) <= ((lua_Integer)1 << NBM))
+
+#endif
+
+#endif
+
+
+
+/*
+** Try to convert a value to a float. The float case is already handled
+** by the macro 'tonumber'.
+*/
+int luaV_tonumber_ (const TValue *obj, lua_Number *n) {
+  TValue v;
+  if (ttisinteger(obj)) {
+    *n = cast_num(ivalue(obj));
+    return 1;
+  }
+  else if (cvt2num(obj) &&  /* string convertible to number? */
+            luaO_str2num(svalue(obj), &v) == vslen(obj) + 1) {
+    *n = nvalue(&v);  /* convert result of 'luaO_str2num' to a float */
     return 1;
   }
+  else
+    return 0;  /* conversion failed */
 }
 
 
-static void traceexec (lua_State *L) {
-  CallInfo *ci = L->ci;
-  lu_byte mask = L->hookmask;
-  int counthook = ((mask & LUA_MASKCOUNT) && L->hookcount == 0);
-  if (counthook)
-    resethookcount(L);  /* reset count */
-  if (ci->callstatus & CIST_HOOKYIELD) {  /* called hook last time? */
-    ci->callstatus &= ~CIST_HOOKYIELD;  /* erase mark */
-    return;  /* do not call hook again (VM yielded, so it did not move) */
+/*
+** try to convert a value to an integer, rounding according to 'mode':
+** mode == 0: accepts only integral values
+** mode == 1: takes the floor of the number
+** mode == 2: takes the ceil of the number
+*/
+int luaV_tointeger (const TValue *obj, lua_Integer *p, int mode) {
+  TValue v;
+ again:
+  if (ttisfloat(obj)) {
+    lua_Number n = fltvalue(obj);
+    lua_Number f = l_floor(n);
+    if (n != f) {  /* not an integral value? */
+      if (mode == 0) return 0;  /* fails if mode demands integral value */
+      else if (mode > 1)  /* needs ceil? */
+        f += 1;  /* convert floor to ceil (remember: n != f) */
+    }
+    return lua_numbertointeger(f, p);
   }
-  if (counthook)
-    luaD_hook(L, LUA_HOOKCOUNT, -1);  /* call count hook */
-  if (mask & LUA_MASKLINE) {
-    Proto *p = ci_func(ci)->p;
-    int npc = pcRel(ci->u.l.savedpc, p);
-    int newline = getfuncline(p, npc);
-    if (npc == 0 ||  /* call linehook when enter a new function, */
-        ci->u.l.savedpc <= L->oldpc ||  /* when jump back (loop), or when */
-        newline != getfuncline(p, pcRel(L->oldpc, p)))  /* enter a new line */
-      luaD_hook(L, LUA_HOOKLINE, newline);  /* call line hook */
+  else if (ttisinteger(obj)) {
+    *p = ivalue(obj);
+    return 1;
   }
-  L->oldpc = ci->u.l.savedpc;
-  if (L->status == LUA_YIELD) {  /* did hook yield? */
-    if (counthook)
-      L->hookcount = 1;  /* undo decrement to zero */
-    ci->u.l.savedpc--;  /* undo increment (resume will increment it again) */
-    ci->callstatus |= CIST_HOOKYIELD;  /* mark that it yielded */
-    ci->func = L->top - 1;  /* protect stack below results */
-    luaD_throw(L, LUA_YIELD);
+  else if (cvt2num(obj) &&
+            luaO_str2num(svalue(obj), &v) == vslen(obj) + 1) {
+    obj = &v;
+    goto again;  /* convert result from 'luaO_str2num' to an integer */
   }
+  return 0;  /* conversion failed */
 }
 
 
-static void callTM (lua_State *L, const TValue *f, const TValue *p1,
-                    const TValue *p2, TValue *p3, int hasres) {
-  ptrdiff_t result = savestack(L, p3);
-  setobj2s(L, L->top++, f);  /* push function */
-  setobj2s(L, L->top++, p1);  /* 1st argument */
-  setobj2s(L, L->top++, p2);  /* 2nd argument */
-  if (!hasres)  /* no result? 'p3' is third argument */
-    setobj2s(L, L->top++, p3);  /* 3rd argument */
-  /* metamethod may yield only when called from Lua code */
-  luaD_call(L, L->top - (4 - hasres), hasres, isLua(L->ci));
-  if (hasres) {  /* if has result, move it to its place */
-    p3 = restorestack(L, result);
-    setobjs2s(L, p3, --L->top);
+/*
+** Try to convert a 'for' limit to an integer, preserving the
+** semantics of the loop.
+** (The following explanation assumes a non-negative step; it is valid
+** for negative steps mutatis mutandis.)
+** If the limit can be converted to an integer, rounding down, that is
+** it.
+** Otherwise, check whether the limit can be converted to a number.  If
+** the number is too large, it is OK to set the limit as LUA_MAXINTEGER,
+** which means no limit.  If the number is too negative, the loop
+** should not run, because any initial integer value is larger than the
+** limit. So, it sets the limit to LUA_MININTEGER. 'stopnow' corrects
+** the extreme case when the initial value is LUA_MININTEGER, in which
+** case the LUA_MININTEGER limit would still run the loop once.
+*/
+static int forlimit (const TValue *obj, lua_Integer *p, lua_Integer step,
+                     int *stopnow) {
+  *stopnow = 0;  /* usually, let loops run */
+  if (!luaV_tointeger(obj, p, (step < 0 ? 2 : 1))) {  /* not fit in integer? */
+    lua_Number n;  /* try to convert to float */
+    if (!tonumber(obj, &n)) /* cannot convert to float? */
+      return 0;  /* not a number */
+    if (luai_numlt(0, n)) {  /* if true, float is larger than max integer */
+      *p = LUA_MAXINTEGER;
+      if (step < 0) *stopnow = 1;
+    }
+    else {  /* float is smaller than min integer */
+      *p = LUA_MININTEGER;
+      if (step >= 0) *stopnow = 1;
+    }
   }
+  return 1;
 }
 
 
-void luaV_gettable (lua_State *L, const TValue *t, TValue *key, StkId val) {
-  int loop;
+/*
+** Complete a table access: if 't' is a table, 'tm' has its metamethod;
+** otherwise, 'tm' is NULL.
+*/
+void luaV_finishget (lua_State *L, const TValue *t, TValue *key, StkId val,
+                      const TValue *tm) {
+  int loop;  /* counter to avoid infinite loops */
+  lua_assert(tm != NULL || !ttistable(t));
   for (loop = 0; loop < MAXTAGLOOP; loop++) {
-    const TValue *tm;
-    if (ttistable(t)) {  /* `t' is a table? */
-      Table *h = hvalue(t);
-      const TValue *res = luaH_get(h, key); /* do a primitive get */
-      if (!ttisnil(res) ||  /* result is not nil? */
-          (tm = fasttm(L, h->metatable, TM_INDEX)) == NULL) { /* or no TM? */
-        setobj2s(L, val, res);
-        return;
-      }
-      /* else will try the tag method */
+    if (tm == NULL) {  /* no metamethod (from a table)? */
+      if (ttisnil(tm = luaT_gettmbyobj(L, t, TM_INDEX)))
+        luaG_typeerror(L, t, "index");  /* no metamethod */
     }
-    else if (ttisnil(tm = luaT_gettmbyobj(L, t, TM_INDEX)))
-      luaG_typeerror(L, t, "index");
-    if (ttisfunction(tm)) {
-      callTM(L, tm, t, key, val, 1);
+    if (ttisfunction(tm)) {  /* metamethod is a function */
+      luaT_callTM(L, tm, t, key, val, 1);  /* call it */
+      return;
+    }
+    t = tm;  /* else repeat access over 'tm' */
+    if (luaV_fastget(L,t,key,tm,luaH_get)) {  /* try fast track */
+      setobj2s(L, val, tm);  /* done */
       return;
     }
-    t = tm;  /* else repeat with 'tm' */
+    /* else repeat */
   }
-  luaG_runerror(L, "loop in gettable");
+  luaG_runerror(L, "gettable chain too long; possible loop");
 }
 
 
-void luaV_settable (lua_State *L, const TValue *t, TValue *key, StkId val) {
-  int loop;
+/*
+** Main function for table assignment (invoking metamethods if needed).
+** Compute 't[key] = val'
+*/
+void luaV_finishset (lua_State *L, const TValue *t, TValue *key,
+                     StkId val, const TValue *oldval) {
+  int loop;  /* counter to avoid infinite loops */
   for (loop = 0; loop < MAXTAGLOOP; loop++) {
     const TValue *tm;
-    if (ttistable(t)) {  /* `t' is a table? */
-      Table *h = hvalue(t);
-      TValue *oldval = cast(TValue *, luaH_get(h, key));
-      /* if previous value is not nil, there must be a previous entry
-         in the table; moreover, a metamethod has no relevance */
-      if (!ttisnil(oldval) ||
-         /* previous value is nil; must check the metamethod */
-         ((tm = fasttm(L, h->metatable, TM_NEWINDEX)) == NULL &&
+    if (oldval != NULL) {
+      lua_assert(ttistable(t) && ttisnil(oldval));
+      /* must check the metamethod */
+      if ((tm = fasttm(L, hvalue(t)->metatable, TM_NEWINDEX)) == NULL &&
          /* no metamethod; is there a previous entry in the table? */
          (oldval != luaO_nilobject ||
          /* no previous entry; must create one. (The next test is
             always true; we only need the assignment.) */
-         (oldval = luaH_newkey(L, h, key), 1)))) {
+         (oldval = luaH_newkey(L, hvalue(t), key), 1))) {
         /* no metamethod and (now) there is an entry with given key */
-        setobj2t(L, oldval, val);  /* assign new value to that entry */
-        invalidateTMcache(h);
-        luaC_barrierback(L, obj2gco(h), val);
+        setobj2t(L, cast(TValue *, oldval), val);
+        invalidateTMcache(hvalue(t));
+        luaC_barrierback(L, hvalue(t), val);
         return;
       }
       /* else will try the metamethod */
     }
-    else  /* not a table; check metamethod */
+    else {  /* not a table; check metamethod */
       if (ttisnil(tm = luaT_gettmbyobj(L, t, TM_NEWINDEX)))
         luaG_typeerror(L, t, "index");
-    /* there is a metamethod */
+    }
+    /* try the metamethod */
     if (ttisfunction(tm)) {
-      callTM(L, tm, t, key, val, 0);
+      luaT_callTM(L, tm, t, key, val, 0);
       return;
     }
-    t = tm;  /* else repeat with 'tm' */
+    t = tm;  /* else repeat assignment over 'tm' */
+    if (luaV_fastset(L, t, key, oldval, luaH_get, val))
+      return;  /* done */
+    /* else loop */
   }
-  luaG_runerror(L, "loop in settable");
+  luaG_runerror(L, "settable chain too long; possible loop");
 }
 
 
-static int call_binTM (lua_State *L, const TValue *p1, const TValue *p2,
-                       StkId res, TMS event) {
-  const TValue *tm = luaT_gettmbyobj(L, p1, event);  /* try first operand */
-  if (ttisnil(tm))
-    tm = luaT_gettmbyobj(L, p2, event);  /* try second operand */
-  if (ttisnil(tm)) return 0;
-  callTM(L, tm, p1, p2, res, 1);
-  return 1;
+/*
+** Compare two strings 'ls' x 'rs', returning an integer smaller-equal-
+** -larger than zero if 'ls' is smaller-equal-larger than 'rs'.
+** The code is a little tricky because it allows '\0' in the strings
+** and it uses 'strcoll' (to respect locales) for each segments
+** of the strings.
+*/
+static int l_strcmp (const TString *ls, const TString *rs) {
+  const char *l = getstr(ls);
+  size_t ll = tsslen(ls);
+  const char *r = getstr(rs);
+  size_t lr = tsslen(rs);
+  for (;;) {  /* for each segment */
+    int temp = strcoll(l, r);
+    if (temp != 0)  /* not equal? */
+      return temp;  /* done */
+    else {  /* strings are equal up to a '\0' */
+      size_t len = strlen(l);  /* index of first '\0' in both strings */
+      if (len == lr)  /* 'rs' is finished? */
+        return (len == ll) ? 0 : 1;  /* check 'ls' */
+      else if (len == ll)  /* 'ls' is finished? */
+        return -1;  /* 'ls' is smaller than 'rs' ('rs' is not finished) */
+      /* both strings longer than 'len'; go on comparing after the '\0' */
+      len++;
+      l += len; ll -= len; r += len; lr -= len;
+    }
+  }
 }
 
 
-static const TValue *get_equalTM (lua_State *L, Table *mt1, Table *mt2,
-                                  TMS event) {
-  const TValue *tm1 = fasttm(L, mt1, event);
-  const TValue *tm2;
-  if (tm1 == NULL) return NULL;  /* no metamethod */
-  if (mt1 == mt2) return tm1;  /* same metatables => same metamethods */
-  tm2 = fasttm(L, mt2, event);
-  if (tm2 == NULL) return NULL;  /* no metamethod */
-  if (luaV_rawequalobj(tm1, tm2))  /* same metamethods? */
-    return tm1;
-  return NULL;
+/*
+** Check whether integer 'i' is less than float 'f'. If 'i' has an
+** exact representation as a float ('l_intfitsf'), compare numbers as
+** floats. Otherwise, if 'f' is outside the range for integers, result
+** is trivial. Otherwise, compare them as integers. (When 'i' has no
+** float representation, either 'f' is "far away" from 'i' or 'f' has
+** no precision left for a fractional part; either way, how 'f' is
+** truncated is irrelevant.) When 'f' is NaN, comparisons must result
+** in false.
+*/
+static int LTintfloat (lua_Integer i, lua_Number f) {
+#if defined(l_intfitsf)
+  if (!l_intfitsf(i)) {
+    if (f >= -cast_num(LUA_MININTEGER))  /* -minint == maxint + 1 */
+      return 1;  /* f >= maxint + 1 > i */
+    else if (f > cast_num(LUA_MININTEGER))  /* minint < f <= maxint ? */
+      return (i < cast(lua_Integer, f));  /* compare them as integers */
+    else  /* f <= minint <= i (or 'f' is NaN)  -->  not(i < f) */
+      return 0;
+  }
+#endif
+  return luai_numlt(cast_num(i), f);  /* compare them as floats */
 }
 
 
-static int call_orderTM (lua_State *L, const TValue *p1, const TValue *p2,
-                         TMS event) {
-  if (!call_binTM(L, p1, p2, L->top, event))
-    return -1;  /* no metamethod */
-  else
-    return !l_isfalse(L->top);
+/*
+** Check whether integer 'i' is less than or equal to float 'f'.
+** See comments on previous function.
+*/
+static int LEintfloat (lua_Integer i, lua_Number f) {
+#if defined(l_intfitsf)
+  if (!l_intfitsf(i)) {
+    if (f >= -cast_num(LUA_MININTEGER))  /* -minint == maxint + 1 */
+      return 1;  /* f >= maxint + 1 > i */
+    else if (f >= cast_num(LUA_MININTEGER))  /* minint <= f <= maxint ? */
+      return (i <= cast(lua_Integer, f));  /* compare them as integers */
+    else  /* f < minint <= i (or 'f' is NaN)  -->  not(i <= f) */
+      return 0;
+  }
+#endif
+  return luai_numle(cast_num(i), f);  /* compare them as floats */
 }
 
 
-static int l_strcmp (const TString *ls, const TString *rs) {
-  const char *l = getstr(ls);
-  size_t ll = ls->tsv.len;
-  const char *r = getstr(rs);
-  size_t lr = rs->tsv.len;
-  for (;;) {
-    int temp = strcoll(l, r);
-    if (temp != 0) return temp;
-    else {  /* strings are equal up to a `\0' */
-      size_t len = strlen(l);  /* index of first `\0' in both strings */
-      if (len == lr)  /* r is finished? */
-        return (len == ll) ? 0 : 1;
-      else if (len == ll)  /* l is finished? */
-        return -1;  /* l is smaller than r (because r is not finished) */
-      /* both strings longer than `len'; go on comparing (after the `\0') */
-      len++;
-      l += len; ll -= len; r += len; lr -= len;
-    }
+/*
+** Return 'l < r', for numbers.
+*/
+static int LTnum (const TValue *l, const TValue *r) {
+  if (ttisinteger(l)) {
+    lua_Integer li = ivalue(l);
+    if (ttisinteger(r))
+      return li < ivalue(r);  /* both are integers */
+    else  /* 'l' is int and 'r' is float */
+      return LTintfloat(li, fltvalue(r));  /* l < r ? */
+  }
+  else {
+    lua_Number lf = fltvalue(l);  /* 'l' must be float */
+    if (ttisfloat(r))
+      return luai_numlt(lf, fltvalue(r));  /* both are float */
+    else if (luai_numisnan(lf))  /* 'r' is int and 'l' is float */
+      return 0;  /* NaN < i is always false */
+    else  /* without NaN, (l < r)  <-->  not(r <= l) */
+      return !LEintfloat(ivalue(r), lf);  /* not (r <= l) ? */
   }
 }
 
 
+/*
+** Return 'l <= r', for numbers.
+*/
+static int LEnum (const TValue *l, const TValue *r) {
+  if (ttisinteger(l)) {
+    lua_Integer li = ivalue(l);
+    if (ttisinteger(r))
+      return li <= ivalue(r);  /* both are integers */
+    else  /* 'l' is int and 'r' is float */
+      return LEintfloat(li, fltvalue(r));  /* l <= r ? */
+  }
+  else {
+    lua_Number lf = fltvalue(l);  /* 'l' must be float */
+    if (ttisfloat(r))
+      return luai_numle(lf, fltvalue(r));  /* both are float */
+    else if (luai_numisnan(lf))  /* 'r' is int and 'l' is float */
+      return 0;  /*  NaN <= i is always false */
+    else  /* without NaN, (l <= r)  <-->  not(r < l) */
+      return !LTintfloat(ivalue(r), lf);  /* not (r < l) ? */
+  }
+}
+
+
+/*
+** Main operation less than; return 'l < r'.
+*/
 int luaV_lessthan (lua_State *L, const TValue *l, const TValue *r) {
   int res;
-  if (ttisnumber(l) && ttisnumber(r))
-    return luai_numlt(L, nvalue(l), nvalue(r));
-  else if (ttisstring(l) && ttisstring(r))
-    return l_strcmp(rawtsvalue(l), rawtsvalue(r)) < 0;
-  else if ((res = call_orderTM(L, l, r, TM_LT)) < 0)
-    luaG_ordererror(L, l, r);
+  if (ttisnumber(l) && ttisnumber(r))  /* both operands are numbers? */
+    return LTnum(l, r);
+  else if (ttisstring(l) && ttisstring(r))  /* both are strings? */
+    return l_strcmp(tsvalue(l), tsvalue(r)) < 0;
+  else if ((res = luaT_callorderTM(L, l, r, TM_LT)) < 0)  /* no metamethod? */
+    luaG_ordererror(L, l, r);  /* error */
   return res;
 }
 
 
+/*
+** Main operation less than or equal to; return 'l <= r'. If it needs
+** a metamethod and there is no '__le', try '__lt', based on
+** l <= r iff !(r < l) (assuming a total order). If the metamethod
+** yields during this substitution, the continuation has to know
+** about it (to negate the result of r<l); bit CIST_LEQ in the call
+** status keeps that information.
+*/
 int luaV_lessequal (lua_State *L, const TValue *l, const TValue *r) {
   int res;
-  if (ttisnumber(l) && ttisnumber(r))
-    return luai_numle(L, nvalue(l), nvalue(r));
-  else if (ttisstring(l) && ttisstring(r))
-    return l_strcmp(rawtsvalue(l), rawtsvalue(r)) <= 0;
-  else if ((res = call_orderTM(L, l, r, TM_LE)) >= 0)  /* first try `le' */
+  if (ttisnumber(l) && ttisnumber(r))  /* both operands are numbers? */
+    return LEnum(l, r);
+  else if (ttisstring(l) && ttisstring(r))  /* both are strings? */
+    return l_strcmp(tsvalue(l), tsvalue(r)) <= 0;
+  else if ((res = luaT_callorderTM(L, l, r, TM_LE)) >= 0)  /* try 'le' */
     return res;
-  else if ((res = call_orderTM(L, r, l, TM_LT)) < 0)  /* else try `lt' */
-    luaG_ordererror(L, l, r);
-  return !res;
+  else {  /* try 'lt': */
+    L->ci->callstatus |= CIST_LEQ;  /* mark it is doing 'lt' for 'le' */
+    res = luaT_callorderTM(L, r, l, TM_LT);
+    L->ci->callstatus ^= CIST_LEQ;  /* clear mark */
+    if (res < 0)
+      luaG_ordererror(L, l, r);
+    return !res;  /* result is negated */
+  }
 }
 
 
 /*
-** equality of Lua values. L == NULL means raw equality (no metamethods)
+** Main operation for equality of Lua values; return 't1 == t2'.
+** L == NULL means raw equality (no metamethods)
 */
-int luaV_equalobj_ (lua_State *L, const TValue *t1, const TValue *t2) {
+int luaV_equalobj (lua_State *L, const TValue *t1, const TValue *t2) {
   const TValue *tm;
-  lua_assert(ttisequal(t1, t2));
+  if (ttype(t1) != ttype(t2)) {  /* not the same variant? */
+    if (ttnov(t1) != ttnov(t2) || ttnov(t1) != LUA_TNUMBER)
+      return 0;  /* only numbers can be equal with different variants */
+    else {  /* two numbers with different variants */
+      lua_Integer i1, i2;  /* compare them as integers */
+      return (tointeger(t1, &i1) && tointeger(t2, &i2) && i1 == i2);
+    }
+  }
+  /* values have same type and same variant */
   switch (ttype(t1)) {
     case LUA_TNIL: return 1;
-    case LUA_TNUMBER: return luai_numeq(nvalue(t1), nvalue(t2));
+    case LUA_TNUMINT: return (ivalue(t1) == ivalue(t2));
+    case LUA_TNUMFLT: return luai_numeq(fltvalue(t1), fltvalue(t2));
     case LUA_TBOOLEAN: return bvalue(t1) == bvalue(t2);  /* true must be 1 !! */
     case LUA_TLIGHTUSERDATA: return pvalue(t1) == pvalue(t2);
     case LUA_TLCF: return fvalue(t1) == fvalue(t2);
-    case LUA_TSHRSTR: return eqshrstr(rawtsvalue(t1), rawtsvalue(t2));
-    case LUA_TLNGSTR: return luaS_eqlngstr(rawtsvalue(t1), rawtsvalue(t2));
+    case LUA_TSHRSTR: return eqshrstr(tsvalue(t1), tsvalue(t2));
+    case LUA_TLNGSTR: return luaS_eqlngstr(tsvalue(t1), tsvalue(t2));
     case LUA_TUSERDATA: {
       if (uvalue(t1) == uvalue(t2)) return 1;
       else if (L == NULL) return 0;
-      tm = get_equalTM(L, uvalue(t1)->metatable, uvalue(t2)->metatable, TM_EQ);
+      tm = fasttm(L, uvalue(t1)->metatable, TM_EQ);
+      if (tm == NULL)
+        tm = fasttm(L, uvalue(t2)->metatable, TM_EQ);
       break;  /* will try TM */
     }
     case LUA_TTABLE: {
       if (hvalue(t1) == hvalue(t2)) return 1;
       else if (L == NULL) return 0;
-      tm = get_equalTM(L, hvalue(t1)->metatable, hvalue(t2)->metatable, TM_EQ);
+      tm = fasttm(L, hvalue(t1)->metatable, TM_EQ);
+      if (tm == NULL)
+        tm = fasttm(L, hvalue(t2)->metatable, TM_EQ);
       break;  /* will try TM */
     }
     default:
-      lua_assert(iscollectable(t1));
       return gcvalue(t1) == gcvalue(t2);
   }
-  if (tm == NULL) return 0;  /* no TM? */
-  callTM(L, tm, t1, t2, L->top, 1);  /* call TM */
+  if (tm == NULL)  /* no TM? */
+    return 0;  /* objects are different */
+  luaT_callTM(L, tm, t1, t2, L->top, 1);  /* call TM */
   return !l_isfalse(L->top);
 }
 
 
+/* macro used by 'luaV_concat' to ensure that element at 'o' is a string */
+#define tostring(L,o)  \
+	(ttisstring(o) || (cvt2str(o) && (luaO_tostring(L, o), 1)))
+
+#define isemptystr(o)	(ttisshrstring(o) && tsvalue(o)->shrlen == 0)
+
+/* copy strings in stack from top - n up to top - 1 to buffer */
+static void copy2buff (StkId top, int n, char *buff) {
+  size_t tl = 0;  /* size already copied */
+  do {
+    size_t l = vslen(top - n);  /* length of string being copied */
+    memcpy(buff + tl, svalue(top - n), l * sizeof(char));
+    tl += l;
+  } while (--n > 0);
+}
+
+
+/*
+** Main operation for concatenation: concat 'total' values in the stack,
+** from 'L->top - total' up to 'L->top - 1'.
+*/
 void luaV_concat (lua_State *L, int total) {
   lua_assert(total >= 2);
   do {
     StkId top = L->top;
     int n = 2;  /* number of elements handled in this pass (at least 2) */
-    if (!(ttisstring(top-2) || ttisnumber(top-2)) || !tostring(L, top-1)) {
-      if (!call_binTM(L, top-2, top-1, top-2, TM_CONCAT))
-        luaG_concaterror(L, top-2, top-1);
-    }
-    else if (tsvalue(top-1)->len == 0)  /* second operand is empty? */
-      (void)tostring(L, top - 2);  /* result is first operand */
-    else if (ttisstring(top-2) && tsvalue(top-2)->len == 0) {
+    if (!(ttisstring(top-2) || cvt2str(top-2)) || !tostring(L, top-1))
+      luaT_trybinTM(L, top-2, top-1, top-2, TM_CONCAT);
+    else if (isemptystr(top - 1))  /* second operand is empty? */
+      cast_void(tostring(L, top - 2));  /* result is first operand */
+    else if (isemptystr(top - 2)) {  /* first operand is an empty string? */
       setobjs2s(L, top - 2, top - 1);  /* result is second op. */
     }
     else {
       /* at least two non-empty string values; get as many as possible */
-      size_t tl = tsvalue(top-1)->len;
-      char *buffer;
-      int i;
-      /* collect total length */
-      for (i = 1; i < total && tostring(L, top-i-1); i++) {
-        size_t l = tsvalue(top-i-1)->len;
-        if (l >= (MAX_SIZET/sizeof(char)) - tl)
+      size_t tl = vslen(top - 1);
+      TString *ts;
+      /* collect total length and number of strings */
+      for (n = 1; n < total && tostring(L, top - n - 1); n++) {
+        size_t l = vslen(top - n - 1);
+        if (l >= (MAX_SIZE/sizeof(char)) - tl)
           luaG_runerror(L, "string length overflow");
         tl += l;
       }
-      buffer = luaZ_openspace(L, &G(L)->buff, tl);
-      tl = 0;
-      n = i;
-      do {  /* concat all strings */
-        size_t l = tsvalue(top-i)->len;
-        memcpy(buffer+tl, svalue(top-i), l * sizeof(char));
-        tl += l;
-      } while (--i > 0);
-      setsvalue2s(L, top-n, luaS_newlstr(L, buffer, tl));
+      if (tl <= LUAI_MAXSHORTLEN) {  /* is result a short string? */
+        char buff[LUAI_MAXSHORTLEN];
+        copy2buff(top, n, buff);  /* copy strings to buffer */
+        ts = luaS_newlstr(L, buff, tl);
+      }
+      else {  /* long string; copy strings directly to final result */
+        ts = luaS_createlngstrobj(L, tl);
+        copy2buff(top, n, getstr(ts));
+      }
+      setsvalue2s(L, top - n, ts);  /* create result */
     }
     total -= n-1;  /* got 'n' strings to create 1 new */
     L->top -= n-1;  /* popped 'n' strings and pushed one */
@@ -332,18 +497,25 @@ void luaV_concat (lua_State *L, int total) {
 }
 
 
+/*
+** Main operation 'ra' = #rb'.
+*/
 void luaV_objlen (lua_State *L, StkId ra, const TValue *rb) {
   const TValue *tm;
-  switch (ttypenv(rb)) {
+  switch (ttype(rb)) {
     case LUA_TTABLE: {
       Table *h = hvalue(rb);
       tm = fasttm(L, h->metatable, TM_LEN);
       if (tm) break;  /* metamethod? break switch to call it */
-      setnvalue(ra, cast_num(luaH_getn(h)));  /* else primitive len */
+      setivalue(ra, luaH_getn(h));  /* else primitive len */
       return;
     }
-    case LUA_TSTRING: {
-      setnvalue(ra, cast_num(tsvalue(rb)->len));
+    case LUA_TSHRSTR: {
+      setivalue(ra, tsvalue(rb)->shrlen);
+      return;
+    }
+    case LUA_TLNGSTR: {
+      setivalue(ra, tsvalue(rb)->u.lnglen);
       return;
     }
     default: {  /* try metamethod */
@@ -353,21 +525,66 @@ void luaV_objlen (lua_State *L, StkId ra, const TValue *rb) {
       break;
     }
   }
-  callTM(L, tm, rb, rb, ra, 1);
+  luaT_callTM(L, tm, rb, rb, ra, 1);
+}
+
+
+/*
+** Integer division; return 'm // n', that is, floor(m/n).
+** C division truncates its result (rounds towards zero).
+** 'floor(q) == trunc(q)' when 'q >= 0' or when 'q' is integer,
+** otherwise 'floor(q) == trunc(q) - 1'.
+*/
+lua_Integer luaV_div (lua_State *L, lua_Integer m, lua_Integer n) {
+  if (l_castS2U(n) + 1u <= 1u) {  /* special cases: -1 or 0 */
+    if (n == 0)
+      luaG_runerror(L, "attempt to divide by zero");
+    return intop(-, 0, m);   /* n==-1; avoid overflow with 0x80000...//-1 */
+  }
+  else {
+    lua_Integer q = m / n;  /* perform C division */
+    if ((m ^ n) < 0 && m % n != 0)  /* 'm/n' would be negative non-integer? */
+      q -= 1;  /* correct result for different rounding */
+    return q;
+  }
+}
+
+
+/*
+** Integer modulus; return 'm % n'. (Assume that C '%' with
+** negative operands follows C99 behavior. See previous comment
+** about luaV_div.)
+*/
+lua_Integer luaV_mod (lua_State *L, lua_Integer m, lua_Integer n) {
+  if (l_castS2U(n) + 1u <= 1u) {  /* special cases: -1 or 0 */
+    if (n == 0)
+      luaG_runerror(L, "attempt to perform 'n%%0'");
+    return 0;   /* m % -1 == 0; avoid overflow with 0x80000...%-1 */
+  }
+  else {
+    lua_Integer r = m % n;
+    if (r != 0 && (m ^ n) < 0)  /* 'm/n' would be non-integer negative? */
+      r += n;  /* correct result for different rounding */
+    return r;
+  }
 }
 
 
-void luaV_arith (lua_State *L, StkId ra, const TValue *rb,
-                 const TValue *rc, TMS op) {
-  TValue tempb, tempc;
-  const TValue *b, *c;
-  if ((b = luaV_tonumber(rb, &tempb)) != NULL &&
-      (c = luaV_tonumber(rc, &tempc)) != NULL) {
-    lua_Number res = luaO_arith(op - TM_ADD + LUA_OPADD, nvalue(b), nvalue(c));
-    setnvalue(ra, res);
+/* number of bits in an integer */
+#define NBITS	cast_int(sizeof(lua_Integer) * CHAR_BIT)
+
+/*
+** Shift left operation. (Shift right just negates 'y'.)
+*/
+lua_Integer luaV_shiftl (lua_Integer x, lua_Integer y) {
+  if (y < 0) {  /* shift right? */
+    if (y <= -NBITS) return 0;
+    else return intop(>>, x, -y);
+  }
+  else {  /* shift left */
+    if (y >= NBITS) return 0;
+    else return intop(<<, x, y);
   }
-  else if (!call_binTM(L, rb, rc, ra, op))
-    luaG_aritherror(L, rb, rc);
 }
 
 
@@ -376,15 +593,15 @@ void luaV_arith (lua_State *L, StkId ra, const TValue *rb,
 ** whether there is a cached closure with the same upvalues needed by
 ** new closure to be created.
 */
-static Closure *getcached (Proto *p, UpVal **encup, StkId base) {
-  Closure *c = p->cache;
+static LClosure *getcached (Proto *p, UpVal **encup, StkId base) {
+  LClosure *c = p->cache;
   if (c != NULL) {  /* is there a cached closure? */
     int nup = p->sizeupvalues;
     Upvaldesc *uv = p->upvalues;
     int i;
     for (i = 0; i < nup; i++) {  /* check whether it has right upvalues */
       TValue *v = uv[i].instack ? base + uv[i].idx : encup[uv[i].idx]->v;
-      if (c->l.upvals[i]->v != v)
+      if (c->upvals[i]->v != v)
         return NULL;  /* wrong upvalue; cannot reuse closure */
     }
   }
@@ -394,26 +611,28 @@ static Closure *getcached (Proto *p, UpVal **encup, StkId base) {
 
 /*
 ** create a new Lua closure, push it in the stack, and initialize
-** its upvalues. Note that the call to 'luaC_barrierproto' must come
-** before the assignment to 'p->cache', as the function needs the
-** original value of that field.
+** its upvalues. Note that the closure is not cached if prototype is
+** already black (which means that 'cache' was already cleared by the
+** GC).
 */
 static void pushclosure (lua_State *L, Proto *p, UpVal **encup, StkId base,
                          StkId ra) {
   int nup = p->sizeupvalues;
   Upvaldesc *uv = p->upvalues;
   int i;
-  Closure *ncl = luaF_newLclosure(L, nup);
-  ncl->l.p = p;
+  LClosure *ncl = luaF_newLclosure(L, nup);
+  ncl->p = p;
   setclLvalue(L, ra, ncl);  /* anchor new closure in stack */
   for (i = 0; i < nup; i++) {  /* fill in its upvalues */
     if (uv[i].instack)  /* upvalue refers to local variable? */
-      ncl->l.upvals[i] = luaF_findupval(L, base + uv[i].idx);
+      ncl->upvals[i] = luaF_findupval(L, base + uv[i].idx);
     else  /* get upvalue from enclosing function */
-      ncl->l.upvals[i] = encup[uv[i].idx];
+      ncl->upvals[i] = encup[uv[i].idx];
+    ncl->upvals[i]->refcount++;
+    /* new closure is white, so we do not need a barrier here */
   }
-  luaC_barrierproto(L, p, ncl);
-  p->cache = ncl;  /* save it on cache for reuse */
+  if (!isblack(p))  /* cache will not break GC invariant? */
+    p->cache = ncl;  /* save it on cache for reuse */
 }
 
 
@@ -426,8 +645,10 @@ void luaV_finishOp (lua_State *L) {
   Instruction inst = *(ci->u.l.savedpc - 1);  /* interrupted instruction */
   OpCode op = GET_OPCODE(inst);
   switch (op) {  /* finish its execution */
-    case OP_ADD: case OP_SUB: case OP_MUL: case OP_DIV:
-    case OP_MOD: case OP_POW: case OP_UNM: case OP_LEN:
+    case OP_ADD: case OP_SUB: case OP_MUL: case OP_DIV: case OP_IDIV:
+    case OP_BAND: case OP_BOR: case OP_BXOR: case OP_SHL: case OP_SHR:
+    case OP_MOD: case OP_POW:
+    case OP_UNM: case OP_BNOT: case OP_LEN:
     case OP_GETTABUP: case OP_GETTABLE: case OP_SELF: {
       setobjs2s(L, base + GETARG_A(inst), --L->top);
       break;
@@ -435,18 +656,18 @@ void luaV_finishOp (lua_State *L) {
     case OP_LE: case OP_LT: case OP_EQ: {
       int res = !l_isfalse(L->top - 1);
       L->top--;
-      /* metamethod should not be called when operand is K */
-      lua_assert(!ISK(GETARG_B(inst)));
-      if (op == OP_LE &&  /* "<=" using "<" instead? */
-          ttisnil(luaT_gettmbyobj(L, base + GETARG_B(inst), TM_LE)))
-        res = !res;  /* invert result */
+      if (ci->callstatus & CIST_LEQ) {  /* "<=" using "<" instead? */
+        lua_assert(op == OP_LE);
+        ci->callstatus ^= CIST_LEQ;  /* clear mark */
+        res = !res;  /* negate result */
+      }
       lua_assert(GET_OPCODE(*ci->u.l.savedpc) == OP_JMP);
       if (res != GETARG_A(inst))  /* condition failed? */
         ci->u.l.savedpc++;  /* skip jump instruction */
       break;
     }
     case OP_CONCAT: {
-      StkId top = L->top - 1;  /* top when 'call_binTM' was called */
+      StkId top = L->top - 1;  /* top when 'luaT_trybinTM' was called */
       int b = GETARG_B(inst);      /* first element to concatenate */
       int total = cast_int(top - 1 - (base + b));  /* yet to concatenate */
       setobj2s(L, top - 2, top);  /* put TM result in proper position */
@@ -477,31 +698,32 @@ void luaV_finishOp (lua_State *L) {
 
 
 
+
 /*
-** some macros for common tasks in `luaV_execute'
+** {==================================================================
+** Function 'luaV_execute': main interpreter loop
+** ===================================================================
 */
 
-#if !defined luai_runtimecheck
-#define luai_runtimecheck(L, c)		/* void */
-#endif
+
+/*
+** some macros for common tasks in 'luaV_execute'
+*/
 
 
 #define RA(i)	(base+GETARG_A(i))
-/* to be used after possible stack reallocation */
 #define RB(i)	check_exp(getBMode(GET_OPCODE(i)) == OpArgR, base+GETARG_B(i))
 #define RC(i)	check_exp(getCMode(GET_OPCODE(i)) == OpArgR, base+GETARG_C(i))
 #define RKB(i)	check_exp(getBMode(GET_OPCODE(i)) == OpArgK, \
 	ISK(GETARG_B(i)) ? k+INDEXK(GETARG_B(i)) : base+GETARG_B(i))
 #define RKC(i)	check_exp(getCMode(GET_OPCODE(i)) == OpArgK, \
 	ISK(GETARG_C(i)) ? k+INDEXK(GETARG_C(i)) : base+GETARG_C(i))
-#define KBx(i)  \
-  (k + (GETARG_Bx(i) != 0 ? GETARG_Bx(i) - 1 : GETARG_Ax(*ci->u.l.savedpc++)))
 
 
 /* execute a jump instruction */
 #define dojump(ci,i,e) \
   { int a = GETARG_A(i); \
-    if (a > 0) luaF_close(L, ci->u.l.base + a - 1); \
+    if (a != 0) luaF_close(L, ci->u.l.base + a - 1); \
     ci->u.l.savedpc += GETARG_sBx(i) + e; }
 
 /* for test instructions, execute the jump instruction that follows it */
@@ -511,96 +733,119 @@ void luaV_finishOp (lua_State *L) {
 #define Protect(x)	{ {x;}; base = ci->u.l.base; }
 
 #define checkGC(L,c)  \
-  Protect( luaC_condGC(L,{L->top = (c);  /* limit of live values */ \
-                          luaC_step(L); \
-                          L->top = ci->top;})  /* restore top */ \
-           luai_threadyield(L); )
+	{ luaC_condGC(L, L->top = (c),  /* limit of live values */ \
+                         Protect(L->top = ci->top));  /* restore top */ \
+           luai_threadyield(L); }
 
 
-#define arith_op(op,tm) { \
-        TValue *rb = RKB(i); \
-        TValue *rc = RKC(i); \
-        if (ttisnumber(rb) && ttisnumber(rc)) { \
-          lua_Number nb = nvalue(rb), nc = nvalue(rc); \
-          setnvalue(ra, op(L, nb, nc)); \
-        } \
-        else { Protect(luaV_arith(L, ra, rb, rc, tm)); } }
+#define vmdispatch(o)	switch(o)
+#define vmcase(l)	case l:
+#define vmbreak		break
+
+
+/*
+** copy of 'luaV_gettable', but protecting call to potential metamethod
+** (which can reallocate the stack)
+*/
+#define gettableProtected(L,t,k,v)  { const TValue *aux; \
+  if (luaV_fastget(L,t,k,aux,luaH_get)) { setobj2s(L, v, aux); } \
+  else Protect(luaV_finishget(L,t,k,v,aux)); }
+
+
+/* same for 'luaV_settable' */
+#define settableProtected(L,t,k,v) { const TValue *slot; \
+  if (!luaV_fastset(L,t,k,slot,luaH_get,v)) \
+    Protect(luaV_finishset(L,t,k,v,slot)); }
 
 
-#define vmdispatch(o)	switch(o)
-#define vmcase(l,b)	case l: {b}  break;
-#define vmcasenb(l,b)	case l: {b}		/* nb = no break */
 
 void luaV_execute (lua_State *L) {
   CallInfo *ci = L->ci;
   LClosure *cl;
   TValue *k;
   StkId base;
+  ci->callstatus |= CIST_FRESH;  /* fresh invocation of 'luaV_execute" */
  newframe:  /* reentry point when frame changes (call/return) */
   lua_assert(ci == L->ci);
-  cl = clLvalue(ci->func);
-  k = cl->p->k;
-  base = ci->u.l.base;
+  cl = clLvalue(ci->func);  /* local reference to function's closure */
+  k = cl->p->k;  /* local reference to function's constant table */
+  base = ci->u.l.base;  /* local copy of function's base */
   /* main loop of interpreter */
   for (;;) {
     Instruction i = *(ci->u.l.savedpc++);
     StkId ra;
-    if ((L->hookmask & (LUA_MASKLINE | LUA_MASKCOUNT)) &&
-        (--L->hookcount == 0 || L->hookmask & LUA_MASKLINE)) {
-      Protect(traceexec(L));
-    }
-    /* WARNING: several calls may realloc the stack and invalidate `ra' */
+    if (L->hookmask & (LUA_MASKLINE | LUA_MASKCOUNT))
+      Protect(luaG_traceexec(L));
+    /* WARNING: several calls may realloc the stack and invalidate 'ra' */
     ra = RA(i);
     lua_assert(base == ci->u.l.base);
     lua_assert(base <= L->top && L->top < L->stack + L->stacksize);
     vmdispatch (GET_OPCODE(i)) {
-      vmcase(OP_MOVE,
+      vmcase(OP_MOVE) {
         setobjs2s(L, ra, RB(i));
-      )
-      vmcase(OP_LOADK,
+        vmbreak;
+      }
+      vmcase(OP_LOADK) {
         TValue *rb = k + GETARG_Bx(i);
         setobj2s(L, ra, rb);
-      )
-      vmcase(OP_LOADKX,
+        vmbreak;
+      }
+      vmcase(OP_LOADKX) {
         TValue *rb;
         lua_assert(GET_OPCODE(*ci->u.l.savedpc) == OP_EXTRAARG);
         rb = k + GETARG_Ax(*ci->u.l.savedpc++);
         setobj2s(L, ra, rb);
-      )
-      vmcase(OP_LOADBOOL,
+        vmbreak;
+      }
+      vmcase(OP_LOADBOOL) {
         setbvalue(ra, GETARG_B(i));
         if (GETARG_C(i)) ci->u.l.savedpc++;  /* skip next instruction (if C) */
-      )
-      vmcase(OP_LOADNIL,
+        vmbreak;
+      }
+      vmcase(OP_LOADNIL) {
         int b = GETARG_B(i);
         do {
           setnilvalue(ra++);
         } while (b--);
-      )
-      vmcase(OP_GETUPVAL,
+        vmbreak;
+      }
+      vmcase(OP_GETUPVAL) {
         int b = GETARG_B(i);
         setobj2s(L, ra, cl->upvals[b]->v);
-      )
-      vmcase(OP_GETTABUP,
-        int b = GETARG_B(i);
-        Protect(luaV_gettable(L, cl->upvals[b]->v, RKC(i), ra));
-      )
-      vmcase(OP_GETTABLE,
-        Protect(luaV_gettable(L, RB(i), RKC(i), ra));
-      )
-      vmcase(OP_SETTABUP,
-        int a = GETARG_A(i);
-        Protect(luaV_settable(L, cl->upvals[a]->v, RKB(i), RKC(i)));
-      )
-      vmcase(OP_SETUPVAL,
+        vmbreak;
+      }
+      vmcase(OP_GETTABUP) {
+        TValue *upval = cl->upvals[GETARG_B(i)]->v;
+        TValue *rc = RKC(i);
+        gettableProtected(L, upval, rc, ra);
+        vmbreak;
+      }
+      vmcase(OP_GETTABLE) {
+        StkId rb = RB(i);
+        TValue *rc = RKC(i);
+        gettableProtected(L, rb, rc, ra);
+        vmbreak;
+      }
+      vmcase(OP_SETTABUP) {
+        TValue *upval = cl->upvals[GETARG_A(i)]->v;
+        TValue *rb = RKB(i);
+        TValue *rc = RKC(i);
+        settableProtected(L, upval, rb, rc);
+        vmbreak;
+      }
+      vmcase(OP_SETUPVAL) {
         UpVal *uv = cl->upvals[GETARG_B(i)];
         setobj(L, uv->v, ra);
-        luaC_barrier(L, uv, ra);
-      )
-      vmcase(OP_SETTABLE,
-        Protect(luaV_settable(L, ra, RKB(i), RKC(i)));
-      )
-      vmcase(OP_NEWTABLE,
+        luaC_upvalbarrier(L, uv);
+        vmbreak;
+      }
+      vmcase(OP_SETTABLE) {
+        TValue *rb = RKB(i);
+        TValue *rc = RKC(i);
+        settableProtected(L, ra, rb, rc);
+        vmbreak;
+      }
+      vmcase(OP_NEWTABLE) {
         int b = GETARG_B(i);
         int c = GETARG_C(i);
         Table *t = luaH_new(L);
@@ -608,96 +853,252 @@ void luaV_execute (lua_State *L) {
         if (b != 0 || c != 0)
           luaH_resize(L, t, luaO_fb2int(b), luaO_fb2int(c));
         checkGC(L, ra + 1);
-      )
-      vmcase(OP_SELF,
+        vmbreak;
+      }
+      vmcase(OP_SELF) {
+        const TValue *aux;
         StkId rb = RB(i);
-        setobjs2s(L, ra+1, rb);
-        Protect(luaV_gettable(L, rb, RKC(i), ra));
-      )
-      vmcase(OP_ADD,
-        arith_op(luai_numadd, TM_ADD);
-      )
-      vmcase(OP_SUB,
-        arith_op(luai_numsub, TM_SUB);
-      )
-      vmcase(OP_MUL,
-        arith_op(luai_nummul, TM_MUL);
-      )
-      vmcase(OP_DIV,
-        arith_op(luai_numdiv, TM_DIV);
-      )
-      vmcase(OP_MOD,
-        arith_op(luai_nummod, TM_MOD);
-      )
-      vmcase(OP_POW,
-        arith_op(luai_numpow, TM_POW);
-      )
-      vmcase(OP_UNM,
+        TValue *rc = RKC(i);
+        TString *key = tsvalue(rc);  /* key must be a string */
+        setobjs2s(L, ra + 1, rb);
+        if (luaV_fastget(L, rb, key, aux, luaH_getstr)) {
+          setobj2s(L, ra, aux);
+        }
+        else Protect(luaV_finishget(L, rb, rc, ra, aux));
+        vmbreak;
+      }
+      vmcase(OP_ADD) {
+        TValue *rb = RKB(i);
+        TValue *rc = RKC(i);
+        lua_Number nb; lua_Number nc;
+        if (ttisinteger(rb) && ttisinteger(rc)) {
+          lua_Integer ib = ivalue(rb); lua_Integer ic = ivalue(rc);
+          setivalue(ra, intop(+, ib, ic));
+        }
+        else if (tonumber(rb, &nb) && tonumber(rc, &nc)) {
+          setfltvalue(ra, luai_numadd(L, nb, nc));
+        }
+        else { Protect(luaT_trybinTM(L, rb, rc, ra, TM_ADD)); }
+        vmbreak;
+      }
+      vmcase(OP_SUB) {
+        TValue *rb = RKB(i);
+        TValue *rc = RKC(i);
+        lua_Number nb; lua_Number nc;
+        if (ttisinteger(rb) && ttisinteger(rc)) {
+          lua_Integer ib = ivalue(rb); lua_Integer ic = ivalue(rc);
+          setivalue(ra, intop(-, ib, ic));
+        }
+        else if (tonumber(rb, &nb) && tonumber(rc, &nc)) {
+          setfltvalue(ra, luai_numsub(L, nb, nc));
+        }
+        else { Protect(luaT_trybinTM(L, rb, rc, ra, TM_SUB)); }
+        vmbreak;
+      }
+      vmcase(OP_MUL) {
+        TValue *rb = RKB(i);
+        TValue *rc = RKC(i);
+        lua_Number nb; lua_Number nc;
+        if (ttisinteger(rb) && ttisinteger(rc)) {
+          lua_Integer ib = ivalue(rb); lua_Integer ic = ivalue(rc);
+          setivalue(ra, intop(*, ib, ic));
+        }
+        else if (tonumber(rb, &nb) && tonumber(rc, &nc)) {
+          setfltvalue(ra, luai_nummul(L, nb, nc));
+        }
+        else { Protect(luaT_trybinTM(L, rb, rc, ra, TM_MUL)); }
+        vmbreak;
+      }
+      vmcase(OP_DIV) {  /* float division (always with floats) */
+        TValue *rb = RKB(i);
+        TValue *rc = RKC(i);
+        lua_Number nb; lua_Number nc;
+        if (tonumber(rb, &nb) && tonumber(rc, &nc)) {
+          setfltvalue(ra, luai_numdiv(L, nb, nc));
+        }
+        else { Protect(luaT_trybinTM(L, rb, rc, ra, TM_DIV)); }
+        vmbreak;
+      }
+      vmcase(OP_BAND) {
+        TValue *rb = RKB(i);
+        TValue *rc = RKC(i);
+        lua_Integer ib; lua_Integer ic;
+        if (tointeger(rb, &ib) && tointeger(rc, &ic)) {
+          setivalue(ra, intop(&, ib, ic));
+        }
+        else { Protect(luaT_trybinTM(L, rb, rc, ra, TM_BAND)); }
+        vmbreak;
+      }
+      vmcase(OP_BOR) {
+        TValue *rb = RKB(i);
+        TValue *rc = RKC(i);
+        lua_Integer ib; lua_Integer ic;
+        if (tointeger(rb, &ib) && tointeger(rc, &ic)) {
+          setivalue(ra, intop(|, ib, ic));
+        }
+        else { Protect(luaT_trybinTM(L, rb, rc, ra, TM_BOR)); }
+        vmbreak;
+      }
+      vmcase(OP_BXOR) {
+        TValue *rb = RKB(i);
+        TValue *rc = RKC(i);
+        lua_Integer ib; lua_Integer ic;
+        if (tointeger(rb, &ib) && tointeger(rc, &ic)) {
+          setivalue(ra, intop(^, ib, ic));
+        }
+        else { Protect(luaT_trybinTM(L, rb, rc, ra, TM_BXOR)); }
+        vmbreak;
+      }
+      vmcase(OP_SHL) {
+        TValue *rb = RKB(i);
+        TValue *rc = RKC(i);
+        lua_Integer ib; lua_Integer ic;
+        if (tointeger(rb, &ib) && tointeger(rc, &ic)) {
+          setivalue(ra, luaV_shiftl(ib, ic));
+        }
+        else { Protect(luaT_trybinTM(L, rb, rc, ra, TM_SHL)); }
+        vmbreak;
+      }
+      vmcase(OP_SHR) {
+        TValue *rb = RKB(i);
+        TValue *rc = RKC(i);
+        lua_Integer ib; lua_Integer ic;
+        if (tointeger(rb, &ib) && tointeger(rc, &ic)) {
+          setivalue(ra, luaV_shiftl(ib, -ic));
+        }
+        else { Protect(luaT_trybinTM(L, rb, rc, ra, TM_SHR)); }
+        vmbreak;
+      }
+      vmcase(OP_MOD) {
+        TValue *rb = RKB(i);
+        TValue *rc = RKC(i);
+        lua_Number nb; lua_Number nc;
+        if (ttisinteger(rb) && ttisinteger(rc)) {
+          lua_Integer ib = ivalue(rb); lua_Integer ic = ivalue(rc);
+          setivalue(ra, luaV_mod(L, ib, ic));
+        }
+        else if (tonumber(rb, &nb) && tonumber(rc, &nc)) {
+          lua_Number m;
+          luai_nummod(L, nb, nc, m);
+          setfltvalue(ra, m);
+        }
+        else { Protect(luaT_trybinTM(L, rb, rc, ra, TM_MOD)); }
+        vmbreak;
+      }
+      vmcase(OP_IDIV) {  /* floor division */
+        TValue *rb = RKB(i);
+        TValue *rc = RKC(i);
+        lua_Number nb; lua_Number nc;
+        if (ttisinteger(rb) && ttisinteger(rc)) {
+          lua_Integer ib = ivalue(rb); lua_Integer ic = ivalue(rc);
+          setivalue(ra, luaV_div(L, ib, ic));
+        }
+        else if (tonumber(rb, &nb) && tonumber(rc, &nc)) {
+          setfltvalue(ra, luai_numidiv(L, nb, nc));
+        }
+        else { Protect(luaT_trybinTM(L, rb, rc, ra, TM_IDIV)); }
+        vmbreak;
+      }
+      vmcase(OP_POW) {
+        TValue *rb = RKB(i);
+        TValue *rc = RKC(i);
+        lua_Number nb; lua_Number nc;
+        if (tonumber(rb, &nb) && tonumber(rc, &nc)) {
+          setfltvalue(ra, luai_numpow(L, nb, nc));
+        }
+        else { Protect(luaT_trybinTM(L, rb, rc, ra, TM_POW)); }
+        vmbreak;
+      }
+      vmcase(OP_UNM) {
         TValue *rb = RB(i);
-        if (ttisnumber(rb)) {
-          lua_Number nb = nvalue(rb);
-          setnvalue(ra, luai_numunm(L, nb));
+        lua_Number nb;
+        if (ttisinteger(rb)) {
+          lua_Integer ib = ivalue(rb);
+          setivalue(ra, intop(-, 0, ib));
+        }
+        else if (tonumber(rb, &nb)) {
+          setfltvalue(ra, luai_numunm(L, nb));
         }
         else {
-          Protect(luaV_arith(L, ra, rb, rb, TM_UNM));
+          Protect(luaT_trybinTM(L, rb, rb, ra, TM_UNM));
         }
-      )
-      vmcase(OP_NOT,
+        vmbreak;
+      }
+      vmcase(OP_BNOT) {
+        TValue *rb = RB(i);
+        lua_Integer ib;
+        if (tointeger(rb, &ib)) {
+          setivalue(ra, intop(^, ~l_castS2U(0), ib));
+        }
+        else {
+          Protect(luaT_trybinTM(L, rb, rb, ra, TM_BNOT));
+        }
+        vmbreak;
+      }
+      vmcase(OP_NOT) {
         TValue *rb = RB(i);
         int res = l_isfalse(rb);  /* next assignment may change this value */
         setbvalue(ra, res);
-      )
-      vmcase(OP_LEN,
+        vmbreak;
+      }
+      vmcase(OP_LEN) {
         Protect(luaV_objlen(L, ra, RB(i)));
-      )
-      vmcase(OP_CONCAT,
+        vmbreak;
+      }
+      vmcase(OP_CONCAT) {
         int b = GETARG_B(i);
         int c = GETARG_C(i);
         StkId rb;
         L->top = base + c + 1;  /* mark the end of concat operands */
         Protect(luaV_concat(L, c - b + 1));
-        ra = RA(i);  /* 'luav_concat' may invoke TMs and move the stack */
-        rb = b + base;
+        ra = RA(i);  /* 'luaV_concat' may invoke TMs and move the stack */
+        rb = base + b;
         setobjs2s(L, ra, rb);
         checkGC(L, (ra >= rb ? ra + 1 : rb));
         L->top = ci->top;  /* restore top */
-      )
-      vmcase(OP_JMP,
+        vmbreak;
+      }
+      vmcase(OP_JMP) {
         dojump(ci, i, 0);
-      )
-      vmcase(OP_EQ,
+        vmbreak;
+      }
+      vmcase(OP_EQ) {
         TValue *rb = RKB(i);
         TValue *rc = RKC(i);
         Protect(
-          if (cast_int(equalobj(L, rb, rc)) != GETARG_A(i))
+          if (luaV_equalobj(L, rb, rc) != GETARG_A(i))
             ci->u.l.savedpc++;
           else
             donextjump(ci);
         )
-      )
-      vmcase(OP_LT,
+        vmbreak;
+      }
+      vmcase(OP_LT) {
         Protect(
           if (luaV_lessthan(L, RKB(i), RKC(i)) != GETARG_A(i))
             ci->u.l.savedpc++;
           else
             donextjump(ci);
         )
-      )
-      vmcase(OP_LE,
+        vmbreak;
+      }
+      vmcase(OP_LE) {
         Protect(
           if (luaV_lessequal(L, RKB(i), RKC(i)) != GETARG_A(i))
             ci->u.l.savedpc++;
           else
             donextjump(ci);
         )
-      )
-      vmcase(OP_TEST,
+        vmbreak;
+      }
+      vmcase(OP_TEST) {
         if (GETARG_C(i) ? l_isfalse(ra) : !l_isfalse(ra))
             ci->u.l.savedpc++;
           else
           donextjump(ci);
-      )
-      vmcase(OP_TESTSET,
+        vmbreak;
+      }
+      vmcase(OP_TESTSET) {
         TValue *rb = RB(i);
         if (GETARG_C(i) ? l_isfalse(rb) : !l_isfalse(rb))
           ci->u.l.savedpc++;
@@ -705,27 +1106,30 @@ void luaV_execute (lua_State *L) {
           setobjs2s(L, ra, rb);
           donextjump(ci);
         }
-      )
-      vmcase(OP_CALL,
+        vmbreak;
+      }
+      vmcase(OP_CALL) {
         int b = GETARG_B(i);
         int nresults = GETARG_C(i) - 1;
         if (b != 0) L->top = ra+b;  /* else previous instruction set top */
         if (luaD_precall(L, ra, nresults)) {  /* C function? */
-          if (nresults >= 0) L->top = ci->top;  /* adjust results */
-          base = ci->u.l.base;
+          if (nresults >= 0)
+            L->top = ci->top;  /* adjust results */
+          Protect((void)0);  /* update 'base' */
         }
         else {  /* Lua function */
           ci = L->ci;
-          ci->callstatus |= CIST_REENTRY;
           goto newframe;  /* restart luaV_execute over new Lua function */
         }
-      )
-      vmcase(OP_TAILCALL,
+        vmbreak;
+      }
+      vmcase(OP_TAILCALL) {
         int b = GETARG_B(i);
         if (b != 0) L->top = ra+b;  /* else previous instruction set top */
         lua_assert(GETARG_C(i) - 1 == LUA_MULTRET);
-        if (luaD_precall(L, ra, LUA_MULTRET))  /* C function? */
-          base = ci->u.l.base;
+        if (luaD_precall(L, ra, LUA_MULTRET)) {  /* C function? */
+          Protect((void)0);  /* update 'base' */
+        }
         else {
           /* tail call: put called frame (n) in place of caller one (o) */
           CallInfo *nci = L->ci;  /* called frame */
@@ -748,13 +1152,13 @@ void luaV_execute (lua_State *L) {
           lua_assert(L->top == oci->u.l.base + getproto(ofunc)->maxstacksize);
           goto newframe;  /* restart luaV_execute over new Lua function */
         }
-      )
-      vmcasenb(OP_RETURN,
+        vmbreak;
+      }
+      vmcase(OP_RETURN) {
         int b = GETARG_B(i);
-        if (b != 0) L->top = ra+b-1;
         if (cl->p->sizep > 0) luaF_close(L, base);
-        b = luaD_poscall(L, ra);
-        if (!(ci->callstatus & CIST_REENTRY))  /* 'ci' still the called one */
+        b = luaD_poscall(L, ci, ra, (b != 0 ? b - 1 : cast_int(L->top - ra)));
+        if (ci->callstatus & CIST_FRESH)  /* local 'ci' still from callee */
           return;  /* external invocation: return */
         else {  /* invocation via reentry: continue execution */
           ci = L->ci;
@@ -763,105 +1167,137 @@ void luaV_execute (lua_State *L) {
           lua_assert(GET_OPCODE(*((ci)->u.l.savedpc - 1)) == OP_CALL);
           goto newframe;  /* restart luaV_execute over new Lua function */
         }
-      )
-      vmcase(OP_FORLOOP,
-        lua_Number step = nvalue(ra+2);
-        lua_Number idx = luai_numadd(L, nvalue(ra), step); /* increment index */
-        lua_Number limit = nvalue(ra+1);
-        if (luai_numlt(L, 0, step) ? luai_numle(L, idx, limit)
-                                   : luai_numle(L, limit, idx)) {
-          ci->u.l.savedpc += GETARG_sBx(i);  /* jump back */
-          setnvalue(ra, idx);  /* update internal index... */
-          setnvalue(ra+3, idx);  /* ...and external index */
-        }
-      )
-      vmcase(OP_FORPREP,
-        const TValue *init = ra;
-        const TValue *plimit = ra+1;
-        const TValue *pstep = ra+2;
-        if (!tonumber(init, ra))
-          luaG_runerror(L, LUA_QL("for") " initial value must be a number");
-        else if (!tonumber(plimit, ra+1))
-          luaG_runerror(L, LUA_QL("for") " limit must be a number");
-        else if (!tonumber(pstep, ra+2))
-          luaG_runerror(L, LUA_QL("for") " step must be a number");
-        setnvalue(ra, luai_numsub(L, nvalue(ra), nvalue(pstep)));
+      }
+      vmcase(OP_FORLOOP) {
+        if (ttisinteger(ra)) {  /* integer loop? */
+          lua_Integer step = ivalue(ra + 2);
+          lua_Integer idx = intop(+, ivalue(ra), step); /* increment index */
+          lua_Integer limit = ivalue(ra + 1);
+          if ((0 < step) ? (idx <= limit) : (limit <= idx)) {
+            ci->u.l.savedpc += GETARG_sBx(i);  /* jump back */
+            chgivalue(ra, idx);  /* update internal index... */
+            setivalue(ra + 3, idx);  /* ...and external index */
+          }
+        }
+        else {  /* floating loop */
+          lua_Number step = fltvalue(ra + 2);
+          lua_Number idx = luai_numadd(L, fltvalue(ra), step); /* inc. index */
+          lua_Number limit = fltvalue(ra + 1);
+          if (luai_numlt(0, step) ? luai_numle(idx, limit)
+                                  : luai_numle(limit, idx)) {
+            ci->u.l.savedpc += GETARG_sBx(i);  /* jump back */
+            chgfltvalue(ra, idx);  /* update internal index... */
+            setfltvalue(ra + 3, idx);  /* ...and external index */
+          }
+        }
+        vmbreak;
+      }
+      vmcase(OP_FORPREP) {
+        TValue *init = ra;
+        TValue *plimit = ra + 1;
+        TValue *pstep = ra + 2;
+        lua_Integer ilimit;
+        int stopnow;
+        if (ttisinteger(init) && ttisinteger(pstep) &&
+            forlimit(plimit, &ilimit, ivalue(pstep), &stopnow)) {
+          /* all values are integer */
+          lua_Integer initv = (stopnow ? 0 : ivalue(init));
+          setivalue(plimit, ilimit);
+          setivalue(init, intop(-, initv, ivalue(pstep)));
+        }
+        else {  /* try making all values floats */
+          lua_Number ninit; lua_Number nlimit; lua_Number nstep;
+          if (!tonumber(plimit, &nlimit))
+            luaG_runerror(L, "'for' limit must be a number");
+          setfltvalue(plimit, nlimit);
+          if (!tonumber(pstep, &nstep))
+            luaG_runerror(L, "'for' step must be a number");
+          setfltvalue(pstep, nstep);
+          if (!tonumber(init, &ninit))
+            luaG_runerror(L, "'for' initial value must be a number");
+          setfltvalue(init, luai_numsub(L, ninit, nstep));
+        }
         ci->u.l.savedpc += GETARG_sBx(i);
-      )
-      vmcasenb(OP_TFORCALL,
+        vmbreak;
+      }
+      vmcase(OP_TFORCALL) {
         StkId cb = ra + 3;  /* call base */
         setobjs2s(L, cb+2, ra+2);
         setobjs2s(L, cb+1, ra+1);
         setobjs2s(L, cb, ra);
         L->top = cb + 3;  /* func. + 2 args (state and index) */
-        Protect(luaD_call(L, cb, GETARG_C(i), 1));
+        Protect(luaD_call(L, cb, GETARG_C(i)));
         L->top = ci->top;
         i = *(ci->u.l.savedpc++);  /* go to next instruction */
         ra = RA(i);
         lua_assert(GET_OPCODE(i) == OP_TFORLOOP);
         goto l_tforloop;
-      )
-      vmcase(OP_TFORLOOP,
+      }
+      vmcase(OP_TFORLOOP) {
         l_tforloop:
         if (!ttisnil(ra + 1)) {  /* continue loop? */
           setobjs2s(L, ra, ra + 1);  /* save control variable */
            ci->u.l.savedpc += GETARG_sBx(i);  /* jump back */
         }
-      )
-      vmcase(OP_SETLIST,
+        vmbreak;
+      }
+      vmcase(OP_SETLIST) {
         int n = GETARG_B(i);
         int c = GETARG_C(i);
-        int last;
+        unsigned int last;
         Table *h;
         if (n == 0) n = cast_int(L->top - ra) - 1;
         if (c == 0) {
           lua_assert(GET_OPCODE(*ci->u.l.savedpc) == OP_EXTRAARG);
           c = GETARG_Ax(*ci->u.l.savedpc++);
         }
-        luai_runtimecheck(L, ttistable(ra));
         h = hvalue(ra);
         last = ((c-1)*LFIELDS_PER_FLUSH) + n;
         if (last > h->sizearray)  /* needs more space? */
-          luaH_resizearray(L, h, last);  /* pre-allocate it at once */
+          luaH_resizearray(L, h, last);  /* preallocate it at once */
         for (; n > 0; n--) {
           TValue *val = ra+n;
           luaH_setint(L, h, last--, val);
-          luaC_barrierback(L, obj2gco(h), val);
+          luaC_barrierback(L, h, val);
         }
         L->top = ci->top;  /* correct top (in case of previous open call) */
-      )
-      vmcase(OP_CLOSURE,
+        vmbreak;
+      }
+      vmcase(OP_CLOSURE) {
         Proto *p = cl->p->p[GETARG_Bx(i)];
-        Closure *ncl = getcached(p, cl->upvals, base);  /* cached closure */
+        LClosure *ncl = getcached(p, cl->upvals, base);  /* cached closure */
         if (ncl == NULL)  /* no match? */
           pushclosure(L, p, cl->upvals, base, ra);  /* create a new one */
         else
           setclLvalue(L, ra, ncl);  /* push cashed closure */
         checkGC(L, ra + 1);
-      )
-      vmcase(OP_VARARG,
-        int b = GETARG_B(i) - 1;
+        vmbreak;
+      }
+      vmcase(OP_VARARG) {
+        int b = GETARG_B(i) - 1;  /* required results */
         int j;
         int n = cast_int(base - ci->func) - cl->p->numparams - 1;
+        if (n < 0)  /* less arguments than parameters? */
+          n = 0;  /* no vararg arguments */
         if (b < 0) {  /* B == 0? */
           b = n;  /* get all var. arguments */
           Protect(luaD_checkstack(L, n));
           ra = RA(i);  /* previous call may change the stack */
           L->top = ra + n;
         }
-        for (j = 0; j < b; j++) {
-          if (j < n) {
-            setobjs2s(L, ra + j, base - n + j);
-          }
-          else {
-            setnilvalue(ra + j);
-          }
-        }
-      )
-      vmcase(OP_EXTRAARG,
+        for (j = 0; j < b && j < n; j++)
+          setobjs2s(L, ra + j, base - n + j);
+        for (; j < b; j++)  /* complete required results with nil */
+          setnilvalue(ra + j);
+        vmbreak;
+      }
+      vmcase(OP_EXTRAARG) {
         lua_assert(0);
-      )
+        vmbreak;
+      }
     }
   }
 }
 
+/* }================================================================== */
+
diff --git a/lua/lvm.h b/lua/lvm.h
index 5380270..fd0e748 100644
--- a/lua/lvm.h
+++ b/lua/lvm.h
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
-** $Id: lvm.h,v 2.18.1.1 2013/04/12 18:48:47 roberto Exp $
+** $Id: lvm.h,v 2.39 2015/09/09 13:44:07 roberto Exp $
 ** Lua virtual machine
 ** See Copyright Notice in lua.h
 */
@@ -13,32 +13,102 @@
 #include "ltm.h"
 
 
-#define tostring(L,o) (ttisstring(o) || (luaV_tostring(L, o)))
+#if !defined(LUA_NOCVTN2S)
+#define cvt2str(o)	ttisnumber(o)
+#else
+#define cvt2str(o)	0	/* no conversion from numbers to strings */
+#endif
+
+
+#if !defined(LUA_NOCVTS2N)
+#define cvt2num(o)	ttisstring(o)
+#else
+#define cvt2num(o)	0	/* no conversion from strings to numbers */
+#endif
+
+
+/*
+** You can define LUA_FLOORN2I if you want to convert floats to integers
+** by flooring them (instead of raising an error if they are not
+** integral values)
+*/
+#if !defined(LUA_FLOORN2I)
+#define LUA_FLOORN2I		0
+#endif
+
+
+#define tonumber(o,n) \
+	(ttisfloat(o) ? (*(n) = fltvalue(o), 1) : luaV_tonumber_(o,n))
 
-#define tonumber(o,n)	(ttisnumber(o) || (((o) = luaV_tonumber(o,n)) != NULL))
+#define tointeger(o,i) \
+    (ttisinteger(o) ? (*(i) = ivalue(o), 1) : luaV_tointeger(o,i,LUA_FLOORN2I))
 
-#define equalobj(L,o1,o2)  (ttisequal(o1, o2) && luaV_equalobj_(L, o1, o2))
+#define intop(op,v1,v2) l_castU2S(l_castS2U(v1) op l_castS2U(v2))
 
-#define luaV_rawequalobj(o1,o2)		equalobj(NULL,o1,o2)
+#define luaV_rawequalobj(t1,t2)		luaV_equalobj(NULL,t1,t2)
+
+
+/*
+** fast track for 'gettable': 1 means 'aux' points to resulted value;
+** 0 means 'aux' is metamethod (if 't' is a table) or NULL. 'f' is
+** the raw get function to use.
+*/
+#define luaV_fastget(L,t,k,aux,f) \
+  (!ttistable(t)  \
+   ? (aux = NULL, 0)  /* not a table; 'aux' is NULL and result is 0 */  \
+   : (aux = f(hvalue(t), k),  /* else, do raw access */  \
+      !ttisnil(aux) ? 1  /* result not nil? 'aux' has it */  \
+      : (aux = fasttm(L, hvalue(t)->metatable, TM_INDEX),  /* get metamethod */\
+         aux != NULL  ? 0  /* has metamethod? must call it */  \
+         : (aux = luaO_nilobject, 1))))  /* else, final result is nil */
+
+/*
+** standard implementation for 'gettable'
+*/
+#define luaV_gettable(L,t,k,v) { const TValue *aux; \
+  if (luaV_fastget(L,t,k,aux,luaH_get)) { setobj2s(L, v, aux); } \
+  else luaV_finishget(L,t,k,v,aux); }
+
+
+/*
+** Fast track for set table. If 't' is a table and 't[k]' is not nil,
+** call GC barrier, do a raw 't[k]=v', and return true; otherwise,
+** return false with 'slot' equal to NULL (if 't' is not a table) or
+** 'nil'. (This is needed by 'luaV_finishget'.) Note that, if the macro
+** returns true, there is no need to 'invalidateTMcache', because the
+** call is not creating a new entry.
+*/
+#define luaV_fastset(L,t,k,slot,f,v) \
+  (!ttistable(t) \
+   ? (slot = NULL, 0) \
+   : (slot = f(hvalue(t), k), \
+     ttisnil(slot) ? 0 \
+     : (luaC_barrierback(L, hvalue(t), v), \
+        setobj2t(L, cast(TValue *,slot), v), \
+        1)))
 
 
-/* not to called directly */
-LUAI_FUNC int luaV_equalobj_ (lua_State *L, const TValue *t1, const TValue *t2);
+#define luaV_settable(L,t,k,v) { const TValue *slot; \
+  if (!luaV_fastset(L,t,k,slot,luaH_get,v)) \
+    luaV_finishset(L,t,k,v,slot); }
+  
 
 
+LUAI_FUNC int luaV_equalobj (lua_State *L, const TValue *t1, const TValue *t2);
 LUAI_FUNC int luaV_lessthan (lua_State *L, const TValue *l, const TValue *r);
 LUAI_FUNC int luaV_lessequal (lua_State *L, const TValue *l, const TValue *r);
-LUAI_FUNC const TValue *luaV_tonumber (const TValue *obj, TValue *n);
-LUAI_FUNC int luaV_tostring (lua_State *L, StkId obj);
-LUAI_FUNC void luaV_gettable (lua_State *L, const TValue *t, TValue *key,
-                                            StkId val);
-LUAI_FUNC void luaV_settable (lua_State *L, const TValue *t, TValue *key,
-                                            StkId val);
+LUAI_FUNC int luaV_tonumber_ (const TValue *obj, lua_Number *n);
+LUAI_FUNC int luaV_tointeger (const TValue *obj, lua_Integer *p, int mode);
+LUAI_FUNC void luaV_finishget (lua_State *L, const TValue *t, TValue *key,
+                               StkId val, const TValue *tm);
+LUAI_FUNC void luaV_finishset (lua_State *L, const TValue *t, TValue *key,
+                               StkId val, const TValue *oldval);
 LUAI_FUNC void luaV_finishOp (lua_State *L);
 LUAI_FUNC void luaV_execute (lua_State *L);
 LUAI_FUNC void luaV_concat (lua_State *L, int total);
-LUAI_FUNC void luaV_arith (lua_State *L, StkId ra, const TValue *rb,
-                           const TValue *rc, TMS op);
+LUAI_FUNC lua_Integer luaV_div (lua_State *L, lua_Integer x, lua_Integer y);
+LUAI_FUNC lua_Integer luaV_mod (lua_State *L, lua_Integer x, lua_Integer y);
+LUAI_FUNC lua_Integer luaV_shiftl (lua_Integer x, lua_Integer y);
 LUAI_FUNC void luaV_objlen (lua_State *L, StkId ra, const TValue *rb);
 
 #endif
diff --git a/lua/lzio.c b/lua/lzio.c
index 20efea9..c9e1f49 100644
--- a/lua/lzio.c
+++ b/lua/lzio.c
@@ -1,15 +1,17 @@
 /*
-** $Id: lzio.c,v 1.35.1.1 2013/04/12 18:48:47 roberto Exp $
+** $Id: lzio.c,v 1.37 2015/09/08 15:41:05 roberto Exp $
 ** Buffered streams
 ** See Copyright Notice in lua.h
 */
 
-
-#include <string.h>
-
 #define lzio_c
 #define LUA_CORE
 
+#include "lprefix.h"
+
+
+#include <string.h>
+
 #include "lua.h"
 
 #include "llimits.h"
@@ -64,13 +66,3 @@ size_t luaZ_read (ZIO *z, void *b, size_t n) {
   return 0;
 }
 
-/* ------------------------------------------------------------------------ */
-char *luaZ_openspace (lua_State *L, Mbuffer *buff, size_t n) {
-  if (n > buff->buffsize) {
-    if (n < LUA_MINBUFFER) n = LUA_MINBUFFER;
-    luaZ_resizebuffer(L, buff, n);
-  }
-  return buff->buffer;
-}
-
-
diff --git a/lua/lzio.h b/lua/lzio.h
index 441f747..e7b6f34 100644
--- a/lua/lzio.h
+++ b/lua/lzio.h
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
-** $Id: lzio.h,v 1.26.1.1 2013/04/12 18:48:47 roberto Exp $
+** $Id: lzio.h,v 1.31 2015/09/08 15:41:05 roberto Exp $
 ** Buffered streams
 ** See Copyright Notice in lua.h
 */
@@ -32,20 +32,21 @@ typedef struct Mbuffer {
 #define luaZ_sizebuffer(buff)	((buff)->buffsize)
 #define luaZ_bufflen(buff)	((buff)->n)
 
+#define luaZ_buffremove(buff,i)	((buff)->n -= (i))
 #define luaZ_resetbuffer(buff) ((buff)->n = 0)
 
 
 #define luaZ_resizebuffer(L, buff, size) \
-	(luaM_reallocvector(L, (buff)->buffer, (buff)->buffsize, size, char), \
+	((buff)->buffer = luaM_reallocvchar(L, (buff)->buffer, \
+				(buff)->buffsize, size), \
 	(buff)->buffsize = size)
 
 #define luaZ_freebuffer(L, buff)	luaZ_resizebuffer(L, buff, 0)
 
 
-LUAI_FUNC char *luaZ_openspace (lua_State *L, Mbuffer *buff, size_t n);
 LUAI_FUNC void luaZ_init (lua_State *L, ZIO *z, lua_Reader reader,
                                         void *data);
-LUAI_FUNC size_t luaZ_read (ZIO* z, void* b, size_t n);	/* read next n bytes */
+LUAI_FUNC size_t luaZ_read (ZIO* z, void *b, size_t n);	/* read next n bytes */
 
 
 
@@ -55,7 +56,7 @@ struct Zio {
   size_t n;			/* bytes still unread */
   const char *p;		/* current position in buffer */
   lua_Reader reader;		/* reader function */
-  void* data;			/* additional data */
+  void *data;			/* additional data */
   lua_State *L;			/* Lua state (for reader) */
 };